p38MAPK信号转导通路与肿瘤细胞
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①MAP K 信号转导通路与肿瘤细胞分化凌 晖 综述 苏 琦 审校(南华大学基础医学院病理教研室,湖南衡阳421001)摘要:丝裂素活化蛋白激酶(MAP K )信号转导通路是近年来细胞信号转导方面最活跃的研究领域。
该通路具有调控肿瘤细胞分化的功能,已确定出4条MAP K 信号转导通路,其中ER K (P42/P44MAP K ),SAP K/J N K ,p38MAP K 三条通路与肿瘤细胞分化关系密切。
关键词:蛋白激酶类; 信号转导; 分化中图分类号:R345 文献标识码:A 文章编号:100121773(2003)0520487203 肿瘤治疗的研究已从细胞的增殖和分化入手,提出应用分化诱导剂结合传统治疗方法诱导恶性细胞分化。
大量研究显示,肿瘤细胞分化与信号转导尤其是MAP K 信号转导密切相关。
1 MAPK 信号转导通路MAP K 是联系细胞膜受体与细胞内重要调节靶目标的进化保守的酶类。
真核细胞中,已确定出即ER K (P42/P44MAP K )通路、SAP K/J N K 通路、p38MAP K 通路及ER K5通路4条MAP K 信号转导通路。
经典的MAP K (ER K )在双磷酸化功能域上有一个Thr 2G lu 2Tyr (TEY )基序,由促有丝分裂刺激如生长因子(主要通过受体酪氨酸激酶Ras 通路起作用)所激活;J N K 和P38在一系列应激、凋亡和分化反应中起作用[1~4]。
1.1 ER K 信号转导通路 细胞外调节蛋白激酶(ER K )包括ER K1和ER K2。
ER K 通路通过以下四条途径激活:①受体酪氨酸激酶Ras 的激活[5]:生长因子受体→酪氨酸激酶→Ras →MAP KKK →MAP KK →ER K 。
②Ca 2+对Ras 的激活[6]:Ca 2+可通过不同的作用机制激活Ras 。
Ca 2+通过L 型电压依赖性的钙离子通道流入细胞内,经Src 家族蛋白激酶介导,导致表皮生长因子(EGF )受体酪氨酸激酶磷酸化,进而通过Shc 2Grb 2Sos 复合物激活Ras ;通过Ca 2+敏感性的Ras鸟嘌呤核苷酸交换因子(Ras 2GRF )激活Ras ,该因子主要表达于神经元细胞中。
p38MAPK信号传导通路与卵巢癌关系研究进展龙玲;周琦;张笠【摘要】丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(MAPK)是一类丝/苏氨酸蛋白激酶,这个级联反应几乎存在于所有生物细胞内,其亚族主要包括细胞外信号调节激酶(ERK)、c-Jun氨基末端激酶/应激激活蛋白激酶(JNK)和p38MAPK.它们主要是作为细胞外信号转入细胞核内的重要信号通路,在细胞生长和细胞增殖过程有着重要的作用.近年研究发现,p38MAPK可介导应激、炎性细胞因子及细菌产物等多种刺激引起细胞反应,也可以通过转录因子磷酸化而改变基因的表达水平,对细胞的功能调节具有重要作用,参与卵巢癌细胞的凋亡、侵袭、转移和耐药等过程,故阐明p38MAPK通路的作用机制,将为卵巢癌的诊治提供新的思路和方法.综述p38MAPK信号通路在卵巢癌发展中的作用、卵巢癌相关p38MAPK耐药机制以及p38MAPK相关新药的研究进展.%Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) is a class ofserine/threonine protein kinase. This cascade existed broadly in mammalian cells. The subfamily includes extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38MAPK. It is a significant signaling pathway to deliver extracellular signals into nucleus, involved in the important mechanisms of cell growth and proliferation. Recently studies found that function of p38MAPK, mediating many cell reactions induced by stress, inflammatory cytokines or bacterial products and changing the level of gene expression through phosphorylation of transcription factor and play an important role in cell functions, involved in the process of oophoroma cells apoptosis, invasion, metastasis and drug resistance. Therefore, the clarification of mechanism of p38MAPK pathwaywill provide new thoughts and methods for diagnosis and treatment of ovarian cancer. This review summarizes the function of p38MAPK signal transduction pathway in ovarian cancer, and the p38MAPK related research progress of new drugs and drug resistance.【期刊名称】《国际妇产科学杂志》【年(卷),期】2017(044)005【总页数】5页(P494-498)【关键词】p38丝裂原活化蛋白激酶类;信号传导;信号通路;卵巢肿瘤;抗药性,肿瘤【作者】龙玲;周琦;张笠【作者单位】550025 贵阳,贵州医科大学;贵州医科大学附属医院;550025 贵阳,贵州医科大学【正文语种】中文卵巢癌致死率居妇科肿瘤的首位,原因在于其活性强,转移速度快并且在检测过程中不易被发现[1]。
P38信号转导通路在胃泌素促进人大肠癌细胞 SW480增殖中的作用及其机制茆家定;陶亮;吴佩【摘要】Objective:To investigate the effects of gastrin on the proliferation and apoptosis of human large intestinal carcinoma cell line SW 480 and the relationship of signal transduction pathway in p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases(P38-MAPK).Methods:SW 480 cell line of human large intestinal cancer was in vitro incubated and divided into groups of control ,gastrin use,proglumide intervention and gastrin +proglumide.The control group were free of medication,and the remaining groups were treated with corresponding drugs in different dosage .MTT reduction assay was performed to detect the cell ap-optosis status and determine the optimal dosage of pentagstrin and proglumide affecting SW480 cell line proliferation.Flow cytometry was used to estimate the proliferation index in each group,and qRT-PCR was performed to detect the expression of gastrin receptor (CCK-2R) mRNA in SW480 cells.Western blot was performed to examine the expression of P38 protein and its phosphorylation levels.All results were analyzed with χ2 test and SNK-q test.Results:qRT-PCR detection showed that CCK-2R mRNA was expressed in the SW480 cell line.Pentagastrin inhibited SW480 cell apoptosis in a dose ranging from 6.25 to 200 mg/L,and the optimal dosage was 12.50 mg/L(P<0.05).Proglumide was capable of inhibiting the cell proliferation in dosage of 8.00 -256.00 mg/L,and the optimal effect was in dose of 16.00mg/L(P<0.05).The proliferation index in pentagastrin group was (34.56±1.41)%,wh ich was significantly higher than that of control group(28.74±1.61) % and combined treatment group(28.72 ±1.78)%(P<0.05),and the index differ-ence was not significant between proglumide group and the controls(P>0.05).P38 protein expression and its phosphorylation level were lower in penta-gastrin group as compared with the controls and combination treatment group(P<0.01).Conclusion:Gastrin can inhibit the apoptosis of human large in-testinal cancer cell line SW480 and improve the cell proliferation.This possible mechanism may be associated with suppressed p38 protein and its phospho-rylation level due to inhibition of proglumide,a gastrin receptor antagonist.%目的:探讨胃泌素对人大肠癌细胞株SW480增殖、凋亡的影响,以及P38-丝裂素活化蛋白激酶( MAPK)信号转导通路的关系。
β-榄香烯对人胃癌BAC823细胞凋亡及P38MAPK磷酸化的影响(作者:___________单位: ___________邮编: ___________)【摘要】目的探讨P38MAPK信号转导通路在β-榄香烯诱导人胃癌BAC823细胞凋亡过程中调控作用。
方法人胃癌BAC823细胞体外传代培养,按空白对照组和药物处理组随机分组,其中药物处理组依药物浓度的不同再分为0.01,0.02,0.04,0.08 mg/ml,0.10及0.16 mg/ml处理组,作用时间为24h,采用流式细胞光度分析术(FCM)检测细胞凋亡率及细胞周期时相分布,同时进行细胞的形态学观察;采用免疫组化法检测P-P38MAPK的表达。
结果β-榄香烯可阻滞BAC823细胞于S期并诱导细胞凋亡,但细胞凋亡率并不完全与药物浓度呈正相关。
P38MAPK的活化水平随药物浓度的增加而增强。
结论β-榄香烯可激活P38MAPK通路,而且此通路也很可能参与了β-榄香烯阻滞细胞周期诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡的过程。
【关键词】β-榄香烯; 人胃癌BAC823细胞; 细胞凋亡; P38MAPK MethodsHuman gastric cancer BAC823 cells were cultured in vitro .The cells were divided into two groups including blank controlgroup and drug groups.In terms of concentration, drug groups were divided into 0.01,0.02,0.04,0.08,0.10,and 0.16 mg/ml groups.The effective time was 24h . Apoptotic rate and fraction of the cell cycle phase were measured with flow cytometry(FCM).At the same time,morphological and adhesive changes of the cells were observed under an inverted microscope. The level of P-P38MAPK was measured with immunocytochemical method.Results1.The result of FCM examination and morphological observation showed that β-elemene could inhibit BAC823 cells at S phase and induce apoptosis.But between the rate of apoptosis and the drug concentration ,there was linear correlationship. 2. The result of SABC showed that the level of P-P38MAPK was enhanced while the drug concentration increased.Conclusionβ-elemene can activate P38MAPK pathway and the pathway probably takes part in regulating the apoptotic process .Key words:β-elemene; Human gastric cancer BAC823 cells; Apoptosis ; P38MAPKβ-榄香烯是从活血化淤中药温莪术挥发油中提取的一种抗癌有效成分,经药理学试验表明,其抗癌作用疗效确切、毒副作用小、抗瘤谱广,具有广阔的应用前景[1]。
分类号:密级:U D C :编号:学位论文P38MAPK 信号通路抑制剂SB203580 对肝细胞缺氧再灌注影响的实验研究The effects of P38MAPK signaling pathway inhibitor SB203580 on hypoxia-reperfusionof liver cells毛长坤指导教师姓名刘付宝副教授安徽医科大学第一附属医院耿小平教授安徽医科大学第一附属医院申请学位级别硕士专业名称外科学(普外科)提交论文日期2014-03 论文答辩日期2014-4学位授予单位和日期安徽医科大学评阅人2014 年03 月安徽医科大学ANHUI MEDICAL UNIVERSITY硕士学位论文P38MAPK 信号通路抑制剂SB203580 对肝细胞缺氧再灌注影响的实验研究The effects of P38MAPK signaling pathway inhibitor SB203580 on hypoxia-reperfusionof liver cells作者姓名毛长坤指导老师刘付宝副教授耿小平教授学科专业外科学(普外)研究方向肝胆外科论文工作时间2013 年3 月至2014 年3 月学位论文独创性声明本人所呈交的论文是我个人在导师指导下进行的研究工作及取得的研究成果。
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JNK和P38MAPK信号通路与大肠癌关系的研究进展基金项目:安徽省自然科学基金(No:11040606M182);安徽省教育厅自然科学基金(No:KJ2010B242)大肠癌是我国常见的恶性肿瘤,其发病率和死亡率有逐年上升的趋势。
丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(MAPK)信号通路是近年来信号转导方面最活跃的研究领域,研究表明,它们与大肠癌细胞的发生、侵袭和转移等有着重要关系。
通过对大肠癌细胞凋亡的信号通路进行研究将为大肠癌的治疗提供新的靶点。
标签:JNK;P38;信号转导;大肠癌;结肠癌大肠癌是我国常见的消化道恶性肿瘤,是全世界癌症死亡的主要原因,其发病率和死亡率有逐年上升的趋势。
大肠癌的发生受到遗传和内外环境因素的作用,其发病是涉及到多个因素、多个步骤、多个阶段的综合复杂的病理过程[1~3],包括肠上皮细胞增殖、分化、凋亡和存活机制的进一步紊乱。
信号传导网络的异常贯穿在大肠癌发生发展的各个阶段。
很多研究证实,大肠癌的发生与细胞增殖和凋亡失控有关。
各种病因可通过调控不同信号转导通路,导致大肠癌的发生。
MAPK信号通路主要包括:细胞外调节蛋白激酶(ERK)通路;ERK5通路;c-Jun 氨基末端激酶(JNK)通路;P38MAPK通路。
这篇综述旨在描述JNK和P38MAPK 信号通路与大肠癌关系的研究进展。
1JNK和P38MAPK信号通路MAPK是细胞内的一类丝氨酸/苏氨酸蛋白激酶,是进化上保守的酶类,细胞外刺激作用于细胞,使细胞出现相应的生物学效应,其间通过多级蛋白激酶的级联反应,其中包括MAPKKK、MAPKK及MAPK三个关键的激酶,MAPKKK、MAPKK分别对MAPKK和MAPK进行丝氨酸、苏氨酸双位点磷酸化而使其活化。
激活后,MAPK磷酸化目标底物的具体的丝氨酸和苏氨酸残基,包括其他的蛋白激酶和一些转录因子,在多种细胞过程中发挥关键作用,包括细胞增殖、分化和凋亡等。
MAPK是把细胞刺激转化为细胞反应的重要的信号部件,JNK 和P38MAPK信号通路是两种主要的MAPK信号通路,它们通过环境中的和具有遗传毒性的应激激活,控制细胞的增殖、分化、存活及特殊类型细胞的迁移[4,5]。
肿瘤细胞的信号转导通路信号传导通路是将胞外刺激由细胞表面传入细胞内,启动了胞浆中的信号转导通路,通过多种途径将信号传递到胞核内,促进或抑制特定靶基因的表达。
一、MAPK信号通路MAPK信号通路介导细胞外信号到细胞内反应。
丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(mitogen activated protein kinase,MAPK)主要位于细胞浆,很多生长因子所激活,活化后既可以磷酸化胞浆内的靶蛋白,也能进入细胞核作用于对应的转录因子,调节靶基因的表达。
调节着细胞的生长、分化、分裂、死亡各个阶段的生理活动以及细胞间功能同步化过程,并在细胞恶变和肿瘤侵袭转移过程中起重要作用,阻断MAPK途径是肿瘤侵袭转移的治疗新方向。
MAPK信号转导通路是需要经过多级激酶的级联反应,其中包括3个关键的激酶,即MAPK激酶激酶(MKKK)→MAPK激酶(MKK)→MAPK。
(一)MKKK:包括Raf、Mos、Tpl、SPAK、MUK、MLK和MEKK等,其中Raf又分为A-Raf、B-Raf、Raf-1等亚型;MKKK是一个Ser/Thr蛋白激酶,被MAPKKKK、小G蛋白家族成员Ras、Rho激活后可Ser/Thr磷酸化激活下游激酶MKK。
MKK识别下游MAPK分子中的TXY序列(“Thr-X-Tyr”模序,为MAPK第Ⅷ区存在的三肽序列Thr-Glu-Tyr、Thr-Pro-Tyr或Thr-Gly-Tyr),将该序列中的Thr和Tyr分别磷酸化后激活MAPK。
注:TXY序列是MKK活化JNK的双磷酸化位点,MKK4和MKK7通过磷酸化TXY 序列的第183位苏氨酸残基(Thr183)和第185位酪氨酸残基(Tyr185)激活JNK1。
(二)MKK:包括MEK1-MEK7,主要是MEK1/2;(三)MAPK:MAPK是一类丝氨酸/苏氨酸激酶,是MAPK途径的核心,它至少由4种同功酶组成,包括:细胞外信号调节激酶(Extracellular signal Regulated Kinases,ERK1/2)、C-Jun 氨基末端激酶(JNK)/应激激活蛋白激酶(Stress-activated protein kinase,SAPK)、p38(p38MAPK)、ERK5/BMK1(big MAP kinase1)等MAPK亚族,并根据此将MAPK 信号传导通路分为4条途径。
临床医学研究与实践2021年4月第6卷第10期Recent research progress on the relationship between p38MAPK signaltransduction pathway and tumorXIAN Wenjia,LI Zumao*(Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College,Nanchong 637000,China)ABSTRACT:Mitogen -activated protein kinase (MAPK)cascade is an extensive intracellular silk/threonine protein kinase superfamily,whose subgroups mainly include extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases (ERK),c-Jun N-terminal kinase/stress -activated protein kinase (JNK/SAPK)and p38MAPK.They are mainly important signaling pathways that transfer extracellular signals into the nucleus and cause corresponding changes,regulating various cellular physiological/pathological processes such as cell growth,differentiation,stress adaptation to the environment,and inflammatory response.So far all kinds of research found that p38MAPK can mediate cellular responses induced by stress,inflammatory cytokines and growth factors and other stimulus,and can also change gene expression level through the phosphorylation of downstream effector proteins,obtain the different cellular response,to participate in the occurrence,invasion,metastasis and drug resistance of various tumor cells,so to clarify p38MAPK signaling pathways involved in different regulatory mechanism of tumor,will provide a new path for the diagnosis and treatment process of different tumors.KEYWORDS:p38mitogen-activated protein kinase;tumor;signaling pathway综述DOI :10.19347/ki.2096-1413.202110062作者简介:鲜文佳(1991-),女,汉族,四川眉山人,硕士在读。
◇小专论◇通讯作者:朱立新,女,教授,硕士生导师,研究方向:肝癌破裂的机制,E 2mail:LX 2Zhu@p38M APK 信号传导通路及其抑制剂的研究现状张频捷,朱立新,耿小平(安徽医科大学第一附属医院器官移植中心,安徽合肥 230022)摘要:丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(m it ogen -activated p r otein kinases,MAPKs )级联反应是细胞内重要的信号传导系统之一,p38MAPK信号传导通路是MAPK 通路的分支之一,它通过转录因子磷酸化而改变基因的表达水平,参与多种胞内信息传递过程,能对广泛的细胞外刺激发生反应,介导细胞生长、发育、分化及死亡全过程。
近年研究发现,p38MAPK 在许多疾病的发病过程中具有重要作用,其抑制剂也在相关疾病的动物模型和临床试验中获得令人可喜的成果。
关键词:丝裂原活化蛋白激酶;p38;抑制剂p38m itogen acti vated protei n ki n ase pathway and its i n hibitorZHANG Pin 2jie,ZHU L i 2xin,GENG Xiao 2p ing(D epart m ent of General Surgery,The F irst A ffiliated Hospital of A hhui M edical U niversity,Hefei 230022,China )Abstract:The cascade reacti on of m it ogen 2activated p r otein kinases (MAPKs )is one of the vital intracellular signal transducti on sys 2te m s,p38being a me mber ofMAPKs .It can change the level of gene exp ressi on thr ough phos phorylati on of transcri p ti on fact or and is in 2volved in intracellular inf or mati on transfer .It can res pond t o wide extracellular sti m ulus and mediate gr owth,devel opment,differentiati on and death of cells .The recent researches indicate that p38MAPK p lays a maj oy r ole in the devel opment of many diseases and its inhibit or achieves encouraging results in ani m al model of related diseases and clinical trial .Key words:m it ogen 2activated p r otein kinases;p38;inhibit or 丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(m it ogen 2activated p r oteinkinases,MAPKs )是细胞内重要的信号传递者,参与了多种生理过程的调节。