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中考英语定语从句试题(有答案和解析)一、定语从句1．When Robinson got to the island，the first thing _________he did was to look for some food．A．who B．which C．that D．What【答案】C【解析】试题分析：句意：当鲁滨逊•克鲁索到达岛上时，他做的第一件事就是寻找一些食物。
本题考查定语从句。
先行词指物且被序数词first修饰，故只能选用关系词that。
因此C项正确。
考点：考查定语从句。
2．Linda will never forget the words her father told her.A．that B．who C．where D．what【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：Linda将永远不会忘记她父亲告诉她的这些话。
that关系代词，引导定语从句，先行词可以为人或物；who关系代词，引导定语从句，先行词为人；where是关系副词，引导定语从句，在从句中作地点状语；what什么，常引导名词性从句，不能引导定语从句。
根据句子结构可知，这里是一个定语从句，修饰空前的the words，指物，且在从句中作宾语，故应选A。
3．Ant Forest is a popular mobile app_____ allows people to plant real trees in the desert by collecting “green energy points’’.A．what B．who C．whom D．which【答案】D【解析】【详解】蚂蚁森林是一款允许人们通过收集绿色能量在沙漠里种植真的树木的流行的手机应用软件。
考查定语从句。
本句为定语从句，先行词是a popular mobile app指物，关系词用which，故选D。
4．This is the dictionary ________ Mum gave me for my birthday.A．which B．what C．whose D．whom【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：这是那本母亲给我作为生日礼物的字典。
什么是定语从句先行词什么是定语从句先行词漫长的学习生涯中，是不是经常追着老师要知识点？知识点是指某个模块知识的重点、核心内容、关键部分。
掌握知识点是我们提高成绩的关键！以下是店铺为大家收集的什么是定语从句先行词，仅供参考，大家一起来看看吧。
什么是定语从句先行词？先行词是定语从句的引导词前面的被定语从句所修饰的名词、代词.在定语从句中充当一定的成分。
我们可以这样认为, 之所以称它为先行词，是因为修饰它的定语从句总是放在它之后，先行词总是出现在定语从句之前，而不同于普通形容词修饰名词时，形容词位于名词之前。
定语从句先行词位置：通常情况下，先行词和定语从句是挨着的，但是在不引起歧义的情况下，可以把定语从句和先行词分开，这叫分隔定语从句。
例：He is a student in my school who often helps others.先行词是student与从句分开。
因为定语从句的先行词是名词或代词。
所以这句话中有可能是先行词的词是He，student，school，但是从句的引导词who的先行词只能是人，所以排除school，再通过翻译，所以确定，先行词就是student。
从句没有和先行词挨着，因为我们经过判断知道了他要表达的意思。
所以从句可以和先行词分开。
定语从句语法精讲定语从句在句中作定语，修饰名词或代词，被修饰的名词词组或代词即先行词。
定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。
关系代词有：who,whom, whose, that, which等。
关系副词有：when, where, why等。
1.关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词所代替的先行词是表示人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。
关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
1）who, whom, that这些词代替的先行词是表示人的名词或代词，在从句中作主语或宾语。
定语从句的用法定语从句: 在复合句中修饰名词或代词的句子在复合句中充当定语，所以叫作定语从句。
先行词：定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。
关系词：引导定语从句的词，分为关系代词（who, whom, that, which, whose）和关系副词(where, when, why,)。
复合句：The man who (that) came is Mike.先行词关系代词Li Ming is the one that got full marks in our class.先行词关系代词一关系代词Which的用法: 若先行词指物则代替先行词在定语从句中充当主语或宾语.This is the pen which was given by my friend.先行词指物代替先行词在定语从句中充当主语This is the pen which my friend gave to me.先行词指物代替先行词在定语从句中充当宾语二关系代词Who的用法: 若先行词指人则代替先行词在定语从句中充当主语或宾语(如果前面带介词则必须用whom)The man who is wearing a white suit is my brother.先行词指人代替先行词在定语从句中充当主语The man who\whom he wanted to see last week is in Shanghai.先行词指人代替先行词在定语从句中充当宾语She is the girl with whom I went there.先行词指人代替先行词在定语从句中充当介宾且介词于前.三关系代词Whom的用法: 若先行词指人则代替先行词在定语从句中充当宾语(包括介词的宾语) ,与who的区别是如果前面带介词则必须用whomThis is the teacher whom/who we like best.先行词指人代替先行词在定语从句中充当宾语She is the girl whom/ who I went with there.先行词指人代替先行词在定语从句中充当介宾.I don’t like the boy to whom you are talking.先行词指人代替先行词在定语从句中充当介宾且介词于前.四关系代词that的用法: 若先行词指人或物则代替先行词在定语从句中充当主语或宾语The animal that \which is lost is a panda.先行词指物代替先行词在定语从句中充当主语The mooncakes that mother cooked taste nice.先行词指物代替先行词在定语从句中充当宾语Who is the man that is reading a newspaper there?先行词指人代替先行词在定语从句中充当主语She is the person that \who we are worried about.先行词指人代替先行词在定语从句中充当宾语注：在从句中作介词宾语时，介词一般可放在whom，which之前（不可放在that之前），也可放在原来的位置上。
全国各地中考真题－定语从句(2019云南曲靖)33. We will never forget the firemen ________ lost their lives in the forest fire in April 2019 at Liangshan, Sichuan.A. thatB. whichC. whereD. when33. A 考查定语从句中的关系词。
句意：我们将永远都不会忘记在2019年4月发生在四川凉山的火灾中牺牲的灭火人员。
先行词为the firemen，指人，故关系词用that。
(2019广西玉林) 31. —Hey, Anna. Would you like to see The White Storm with me?—You mean, the new police story was filmed by Chen Musheng?A. whoB. whatC. whoseD. which31. D 考查定语从句中的关系词。
句意：———嗨，安娜。
你想和我一起看电影《扫毒》吗？——你说的是陈木胜导演的新警察故事电影吗？题干中先行词为story，指物，关系代词用which。
(2019广西梧州)36. —Do you like National Treasur e, the weekly TV show on CCTV? —Sure, It’s a great culture TV show_______has been very popular in China.A. whoB. whomC.whichD. what36. C 考查引导词辨析。
句意：——你喜欢国宝这个节目吗？——是的，这是一个好节目，在中国很流行。
which引导的是一个定语从句。
(2019黑龙江大庆)7. The book ______ I read last night was fantastic.A. thatB. whatC. whoseD. who7. A 考查定语从句。
定语从句讲解1．基本介绍❶功能：相当于adj,修饰名词或代词，在句中作定语。
❷位置：被修饰词之后❸先行词：被定语从句修饰的词❹关系词：连接先行词与从句的词称为关系词。
❺确定关系词的步骤：先看先行词，指的是什么；看关系词在充当的成份。
关系词用法成份例句that 人、物主、宾Is he the man that wants to see you?who 人主Is he the man who wants to see you?whom谁+N 主、宾He is the man whom I saw yesterday?whose 谁的+N 定语Please pass me the book whose cover is green.which 哪个、物主、宾This is the house which we bought last month.关系代词as 正主、宾、表As we all know,smoking is harmful to one’s health.when 什么时候There are occasions when(on which)are must yield.where 地点哪里Beijing is the place where(in which) I was born.关系副词why 表原因介词+whichIs this the reason why(for which) he refused ouroffer?二．特殊用法情况用法先行词只用that,不用which,指物宜用which，不用thatas/which的区别❶先行词是序数词或形容词最高级时关系词前有介词无先行词的定语从句中用as/which引导❷先行词被all/every/no/some/any/little/much/the only/the very/few等词修饰时引导非限制性定语（有逗号隔开的句子）从句❸先行词既有人又有物时先行词本身是that ❹先行词在主句中做表语as:“正如.....一样”，可置句首。
高三英语定语从句试题答案及解析1. Is there a supermarket around ______ I can buy a pair of new shoes?A．that B．whichC．what D．where【答案】D【解析】句意：这附近有我能买双新鞋的超市吗？ around 是副词表示“附近”，where(＝in which)引导定语从句修饰supermarket。
此题易错选which，是在超市里面买鞋，而不是在超市的周围，故不选which。
答案：C考点: 考查定语从句2. He wrote a letter ___he explained what had happened in the accident.A．what B．whichC．where D．when【答案】C【解析】考查定语从句。
这里用了定语从句，先行词是a letter，定语从句中不缺少主宾表，缺少的是地点状语，所以用where引导定语从句。
句意：他写了一封信，信中他解释了事故中发生的事情。
故C正确。
【考点】考查定语从句3. The new CCTV Tower, ___________ shape is uniquely designed, is frequently visited by traveler.A．its B．whichC．where D．whose【答案】 D【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。
句意：央视大楼的形状很是独特，经常有游客前来参观。
先行词是The new CCTV Tower，央视大楼的形状，_________ shape is uniquely designed故用whose来引导，故选D项。
考点 : 考查非限制性定语从句4. Vitamin D gets produced when animals are exposed to direct sunlight, for＿reason, itis always advisable to give them chances to spend time in the sun.A．whose B．thatC．which D．its【答案】C【解析】考查定语从句。
定语从句先行词的判断定语从句先行词的判断大家知道定语从句先行词的判断方法吗？以下是店铺分享的定语从句先行词的判断方法哦，欢迎参考！定语从句先行词的判断方法【1】先行词是名词或代词,如果名词或代词后面有修饰它们的句子且它们在句中充当某一成分,它们就是先行词.把先行词还原到从句中,就能判断做什么成份.如:I will never forget the day when I first went to school.(先行词是day)从句=I first went to school on the day.(on the day 在从句中作状语=when)I will never forget the day that was very special to me.(先行词是day)从句=The day was very special to me(the day 在从句中作主语=that/which)定语从句先行词的判断方法【2】关于先行词这个问题,你先忘了英语,全部忘掉,我们先来看看中文中的修饰语,道理是完全一样的,只要你明白了中文的修饰语用法,英语自然也就会了.比如：一个非常漂亮的女孩我去年逛过的城市长着一头长发的女孩我们先来分析：上面三个是什么结构,你一看就知道,是名词结构（或代词）,只不过加了一些修饰词做定语修饰主要名词,对吗?OK,英语定语从句意思搞定：“就是用英文句子来修饰先行词”就更简单的一句话说就是：“定语从句就是形容词”,修饰前面的名词或代词.明白吗?（翻译为………的先行词）,不同的是英语定语从句要后置.一个非常漂亮的…………（女孩）我去年逛过的…………（城市）长着一头长发的…………（女孩）OK翻译：Agirl（名词或代词）who is very beautiful（英语句子做修饰词相当于形容词）Agirl who is very beautifulThe city(名词） I visited last year=形容词The city I visited last yearA girl （名词）who has long hair.（形容词）.A girl who has long hair好了,现在你不需要学习什么英语从句是代词还是副词,什么样的引导词等,现在只有一个理念你要明白,这非常重要,是框架,记住“定语从句就是形容词”紧跟先行词,一定翻译为…………的先行词,这是亘古不变的,打死印在脑海里!【拓展内容】定语从句先行词先行词是被定语从句所修饰的名词、代词。
定语从句中的先行词定语从句中的先行词什么是定于从句，定语从句的先行词有哪些呢?下面是店铺整理的定语从句中的先行词，欢迎大家阅读参考，希望帮助到大家。
定语从句中的先行词定语从句，是用于修饰名词或代词的一个具有完整主谓结构的句子。
被修饰名词或代词在定语从句前面，称为先行词。
引导定语从句的连词，称为关系词，关系词包括关系代词与关系副词。
1. 一个词(名词或代词)【真题例句】For a social epidemic to occur, however, each person so affected must then influence his or her own acquaintances ,who must in turn influence theirs,and so on; and just how many others pay attention to each of these people has little to do with the initial influential.【考点】Who 引导定语从句修饰前面的名词acquaintances。
【翻译】不过，要出现某个社会潮流，每个被这样影响的人必须接着去影响自己认识的人，而这些人反过来再去影响他们认识的人，如此循环下去。
其他人中有多少人注意到这些人，几乎与最初的影响者没有什么关系。
2. 一个短语【真题例句】During the past generation, the America middle-class family that once could count on hard work and fair play to keep itself financially secure has been transformed by economic risk and new realities.【考点】句子的主干是the America middle-class family...has been transformed 。
定语从句之先行词综合练习一、句子翻译（本大题共4小题，共8.0分）1.分析再翻译：看下面的句子，分别找出各句的先行词和关系代词，并指出引导词在句子中作什么成分，然后将句子译成汉语(1)This is the stranger who helped us yesterday.先行词：________；关系代词：________；关系代词在从句中作________。
译文：______________________________________________________________________(2)The boy whom the teacher often praises is their monitor.先行词：________；关系代词：________；关系代词在从句中作________。
译文：______________________________________________________________________(3)Fruit trees which once grew only in China can be found in many parts of the world.先行词：________；关系代词：________；关系代词在从句中作________。
译文：______________________________________________________________________(4)The gold medal which she won has been given to her old school.先行词：________；关系代词：________；关系代词在从句中作________。
译文：______________________________________________________________________(5)The woman that I read about in the newspaper has just won a gold medal.先行词：________；关系代词：________；关系代词在从句中作________。
译文：______________________________________________________________________1(6)The report that was handed in by Mr Turner was about the motor race.先行词：________；关系代词：________；关系代词在从句中作________。
译文：______________________________________________________________________(7)I know the person whose company produces computers.先行词：________；关系代词：________；关系代词在从句中作________。
译文：______________________________________________________________________(8)I once lived in the house whose windows were much larger than usual.先行词：________；关系代词：________；关系代词在从句中作________。
译文：______________________________________________________________________2.约翰要给捡到他钱包的出租司机一百元作为酬劳。
(reward; wallet; who）___________________________________________________________________ ________________3.按给出的中文意思，用括号内所给的英语或句式提醒，翻译句子。
4.我高度评价那些为梦想而努力的同学。
(those;定语从句)5.___________________________________________________________ ______________6.根据括号内的提示或要求，将下列句子翻译成英语。
7.假设你的朋友找了一个你不喜欢的男朋友或女朋友，你会对你朋友说出你真实的感受吗？ (Suppose)___________________________________________________________________ __二、语法填空（本大题共3小题，共45.0分）8.阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式（不多于3个单词）。
（请将答案写在答题卡上）Diet and way of life are often a problem for teenagers. However, if you eat the right food and exercise (1) (regular), you can feel better, look better and have more energy. So healthy eatingalong (2) regular exercise is probably the only way to become fit.As a teenager, it is important to give your body theenergy (3) needs. For a healthy diet, you should eat mostly rice, bread, vegetables and fruit. You also need to drink a lot ofwater. (4) (drink) enough water will improve your skin and give you healthy hair.Exercise is something (5) can help to make you look good, feel good and be healthy. Teenagers should spend at least 30 minutes exercising, five times a week. Walking and riding your bike count, and (6) do school sports. When you exercise, your body produces (7) (chemical) that make you feel peaceful and (8) (relax) and increase your ability to concentrate when you study. A good amount of sleep every night (9) (be) also important for your health. Teenagers need eight to ten hours of sleep each night.If you follow the suggestions above, you will look and feelmuch (10) (good) in no time at all!（1）（2）（3）（4）（5）（6）（7）（8）（9）（10）9.I'm not sure (1) is more frightened， me or the female gorilla（大猩猩）that suddenly appears out of nowhere． I' m walking on a path in the forest in the Central African Republic． Unexpectedly， I'm face ﹣to﹣face with the gorilla， who begins screaming at (2) top of her lungs． That makes her baby scream， and then a 400﹣pound male appears．He screams the (3) （loud ）of all． The noise shakes the trees as the male beats his chest and charges toward me． I quickly lower myself， ducking my head to avoid (4) （look）directly into his eyes so he do esn′t feel (5) （challenge）．My name is Mireya Mayor． I'm a (6) （science）who studies animals such as apes and monkeys． I was searching (7) these three western lowland gorillas I'd been observing． No one had seen them for hours，and my colleagues and I were worried．When the gorillas and I frightened each other， I was just glad to find (8) （they）alive．True to gorilla′s unaggressive nature，the huge animal (9) （mean）no real harm．He was just saying： " I'm3king of this forest， and here is your reminder! "Once his message was delivered， he allowed me (10) （stay）and watch．________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________10.阅读下面的短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。
