限时训练题十七
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九年级英语限时训练(附参考答案)一.根据句意及首字母和汉语提示完成句子。
1.The official newspaper c_________the news of Tiangong-I,for it took a big step forward into space.2.The idiom(成语):“Meng zi’s mother makes three moves”tells of a mother who did all she could to provide the best e_________for her child.3.The young lady w _______hair is blond comes from Australia.4.Sometimes, you won’t know the true value of a moment u_______it becomes a memory.5.Good _______(发音)will impress others and make yourself confident.二.完形填空(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)There was a garden full of plants. In the corner of the garden, a 6 rose grew. She was the most beautiful flower there. She was as white as snow, 7 the plants around her were shocked at her beauty. But the white rose couldn’t see 8 , so she didn’t know how beautiful she was.Sometimes, she was even a little envious (羡慕的) of the sunflowers around her. She hoped that she could be as 9 as them.One sunny day, a girl went into the 10 . She walked around and was amazed at the beauty of na ture. Suddenly, she saw the white rose. “It hasn’t rained for days,” said the girl. “And the weather report says it will continue to be 11 for a few days. If the rose stays here, it will 12 soon. I’ll take it home and put it in my beautiful vase(花瓶).”The white rose was put in a lovely vase by the window. From the reflection in the window, the white rose saw herself for the 13 time. “Is that me?” she was shocked. “Till now I didn’t 14 how beautiful I looked.”Sometimes, we think other people are very great and 15 know our own advantages. This makes us feel less confident of ourselves. Look into your heart, and you’ll find how great you are.6. A. white B. red C. blue7. A. or B. but C. and8. A. herself B. himself C. yourself9. A. quiet B. lovely C. lonely10. A. park B. corner C. garden11. A. rainy B. cloudy C. sunny12. A. leave B. die C. cancel13. A. first B. second C. third14. A. improve B. realize C. suppose15. A. always B. usually C. never三.综合填空(共10小题;每小题2分,满分20分)根据短文内容,用方框中所给词语的适当形式填空,使文章通顺、完整。
通州区金沙中学 2021 届高三寒假数学限时训练十七1. 已知集合 A = {x |1≤x ≤2}, B = {1, 2, 3, 4},则 A B = . 2. 已知复数 z 满足 z ⋅ i = 1 + i ( i 是虚数单位),则 z =.3.袋中有 2 个红球,2 个蓝球,1 个白球,从中一次取出 2 个球,则取出的球颜色相同的概率为 . 4. 平面α截半径为 2 的球O 所得的截面圆的面积为 π ,则球心O 到平面α的距离为 .5. 如图所示的流程图,输出 y 的值为 3,则输入 x 的值为.开始输入 xYNx>0y ←2x +1y ←2x +16.一组数据 2, x , 4, 6,10 的平均值是 5,则此组数据的标准差是.输出 y7. 在平面直角坐标系 xOy 中,曲线C 的离心率为 则曲线C 的标准方程为.,且过点(1, 2) ,结束(第 5 题)8. 已知函数 f (x ) 对任意的 x ∈ R 满足 f (-x ) = f (x ) ,且当 x ≥ 0 时, f (x ) = x 2 - ax + 1 .若 f (x ) 有 4 个零点,则实数 a 的取值范围是 .9. 已知正实数 x , y 满足(x -1)( y + 1) = 16 ,则 x + y 的最小值为.10. 在直角三角形 ABC 中,C =90°,AC = 6 ,BC = 4 .若点 D 满足 AD = -2DB ,则| CD |= .11.已知函数 f (x ) = sin(ωx + ϕ) 的图象如图所示,则 f (2) = .12.在平面直角坐标系xOy 中,圆C 的方程为x 2 + y 2 - 4x = 0 .若直线 y = k (x + 1) 上存在一点P ,使过 P 所作的圆的两条切线相互垂直,则实数 k 的取值范围是.13.如图,在五面体 ABCDEF 中,四边形 ABCD 是矩形,DE ⊥平面 ABCD .(1)求证:AB ∥EF ;(2)求证:平面 BCF ⊥平面 CDEF .A(第 13 题)2 E FD14.在△ABC 中,角 A ,B ,C 所对的边分别为 a ,b ,c .若b = 4 , BA ⋅ BC = 8 .(1)求 a 2 + c 2 的值;(2)求函数 f (B ) = 3 sin B cos B + cos 2 B 的值域.理科加试15.在平面直角坐标系 xOy 中,已知定点 F (1,0),点 P 在 y 轴上运动,点 M 在 x 轴上,点 N为平面内的动点,且满足 PM ⋅ PF = 0 , PM + PN = 0 .(1)求动点 N 的轨迹C 的方程;(2)设点Q 是直线l : x = -1上任意一点,过点Q 作轨迹C 的两条切线QS , QT ,切点分别为 S , T ,设切线QS , QT 的斜率分别为 k 1 , k 2 ,直线QF 的斜率为 k 0 ,求证: k 1 + k 2 = 2k 0 .2 参考答案1. 已知集合 A = {x |1≤x ≤2}, B = {1, 2, 3, 4},则 A B = ▲ .【答案】{1, 2}2. 已知复数 z 满足 z ⋅ i = 1 + i ( i 是虚数单位),则 z = ▲.【答案】1 - i3. 袋中有 2 个红球,2 个蓝球,1 个白球,从中一次取出 2 个球,则取出的球颜色相同的概率为 ▲ . 【答案】 154. 平面α截半径为 2 的球O 所得的截面圆的面积为 π ,则球心O 到平面α的距离为 ▲ . 【答案】 5. 如图所示的流程图,输出 y 的值为 3,则输入 x 的值为 ▲ .【答案】16. 一组数据 2, x , 4, 6,10 的平均值是 5,则此组数据的标准差是 ▲ .【答案】 27. 在平面直角坐标系 xOy 中,曲线C 的离心率为 ,且过点(1, 2) ,则曲线C 的标准方程为 ▲ .【答案】 y 2 - x 2 = 18. 已知函数 f (x ) 对任意的 x ∈ R 满足 f (-x ) = f (x ) ,且当 x ≥ 0 时, f (x ) = x 2 - ax + 1 .若 f (x ) 有 4 个零点,则实数 a 的取值范围是 ▲ .【答案】(2, +∞)9. 已知正实数 x , y 满足(x -1)( y + 1) = 16 ,则 x + y 的最小值为 ▲ .【答案】810. 在直角三角形 ABC 中, C =90°, AC = 6 , BC = 4 .若点 D 满足 AD = -2DB ,则| CD |= ▲ .【答案】1011.已知函数 f (x ) = sin(ωx + ϕ) 的图象如图所示,则 f (2) = ▲ .【答案】 - 2232y1 O -11·3x(第 11 题)⎣ ⎦12.在平面直角坐标系xOy 中,圆C 的方程为x 2 + y 2 - 4x = 0 .若直线 y = k (x + 1) 上存在一点P ,使过 P 所作的圆的两条切线相互垂直,则实数 k 的取值范围是 ▲ .【答案】 ⎡-2 2, 2 2 ⎤二、解答题:本大题共 6 小题,共 90 分.请在答.题.卡.指.定.区.域.内作答. 解答时应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤.13.如图,在五面体 ABCDEF 中,四边形 ABCD 是矩形,DE ⊥平面 ABCD .(1)求证:AB ∥EF ;(2)求证:平面 BCF ⊥平面 CDEF .【证】(1)因为四边形 ABCD 是矩形,所以 AB ∥CD , 因为 AB ⊄ 平面 CDEF , CD ⊂ 平面 CDEF , 所以 AB ∥平面 CDEF .……………………… 4 分因为 AB ⊂ 平面 ABFE ,平面 ABFE 平面CDEF = EF ,(第 15 题)所以 AB ∥EF .…………………………… 7 分(2)因为 DE ⊥平面 ABCD , BC ⊂ 平面 ABCD , 所以 DE ⊥BC .…………………………… 9 分因为 BC ⊥CD , CD DE = D , CD , DE ⊂ 平面 CDEF , 所以 BC ⊥平面 CDEF .…………………………… 12 分因为 B C ⊂ 平面 BCF ,平面 BCF ⊥平面 CDEF .…………………………… 14 分14.在△ABC 中,角 A ,B ,C 所对的边分别为 a ,b ,c .若b = 4 , BA ⋅ BC = 8 .(1)求 a 2 + c 2 的值;(2)求函数 f (B ) = 3 sin B cos B + cos 2 B 的值域.【解】(1)因为 BA ⋅ BC = 8 ,所以 ac cos B = 8 .…………………………… 3 分由余弦定理得b 2 = a 2 + c 2 - 2ac cos B = a 2 + c 2 - 16 , 因为b = 4 ,所以 a 2 + c 2 = 32 . …………………………… 6 分 (2)因为 a 2 + c 2 ≥ 2ac ,所以 ac ≤16 , …………………………… 8 分所以cos B = 8 ≥1 . ac 2因为 B ∈ (0, π),所以0 < B ≤ π.…………………………… 10 分3 因为 f (B ) = 3 sin B cos B + cos 2 B =3 sin 2B + 1(1 + cos 2B ) = sin(2B + π) + 1 ,…… 12 分 2 2 6 2EFD⎪ ⎩由于 π < 2B + π ≤ 5π,所以sin(2B + π) ∈ ⎡ 1 ,1⎤ ,6 6 66 ⎢⎣ 2 ⎥⎦ 所以 f (B ) 的值域为⎡1, 3 ⎤ . …………………………… 14 分⎣⎢ 2 ⎥⎦15.在平面直角坐标系 xOy 中,已知定点 F (1,0),点 P 在 y 轴上运动,点 M 在 x 轴上,点 N为平面内的动点,且满足 PM ⋅ PF = 0 , PM + PN = 0 .(1)求动点 N 的轨迹C 的方程;(2)设点Q 是直线l : x = -1上任意一点,过点Q 作轨迹C 的两条切线QS , QT ,切点分别为 S , T ,设切线QS , QT 的斜率分别为 k 1 , k 2 ,直线QF 的斜率为 k 0 ,求证: k 1 + k 2 = 2k 0 .【解】(1)设点 N (x , y ), M (a , 0) , P (0,b ) .由 PM + PN = 0 可知,点 P 是 MN 的中点,⎧ a + x = 0, ⎧a = -x , 所以 ⎪ 2 即⎪ y 所以点 M (-x , 0), P ⎛ 0, y ⎫⎪ .⎨0 + y = b , ⎨b = , ⎩ 2 ⎝ 2 ⎭ ⎩⎪ 2 所以 = ⎛ -x , - y ⎫ , = ⎛1, - y ⎫ . …………3 分PM 2 ⎪ PF 2 ⎪ ⎝ ⎭ ⎝ ⎭ y 22由 PM ⋅ PF = 0 ,可得 -x +4= 0 ,即 y = 4x .所以动点 N 的轨迹C 的方程为 y 2 = 4x .……………5 分(2)设点Q (-1, t ),由于过点Q 的直线 y - t = k (x + 1)与轨迹C : y 2 = 4x 相切,⎧⎪ y 2 = 4x 联立方程 ⎨⎪ y - t = k (x + 1) ,整理得 k 2 x 2 + 2(k 2+ kt - 2)x + (k + t )2 = 0 .…………7 分则∆ = 4 (k 2 + kt - 2 )2- 4k 2 (k + t )2= 0 ,化简得 k 2 + tk - 1 = 0 .显然, k , k 是关于 k 的方程 k 2 + tk - 1 = 0 的两个根,所以 k + k = -t .1212又 k = - t ,故 k + k = 2k .0 2 1 2 0所以命题得证.……………………………10 分⎪。
第17练 班级 姓名
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课时训练(十七) Units 5-6(九全)(限时:30分钟)Ⅰ.单项选择1.[2017·东营] Nowadays some made in China are both good and inexpensive, such as Xiaomi mobile phones, Haier fridges and Lenovo computers.A.toolsB.productsC.materialsD.instruments2.[2019·原创]It’s a pity that I hadn’t watched The Readers you told me last week.A.thoughB.untilC.ifD.unless3.[2018·随州]—I’m worried about tomorrow’s talent show.—Be confident! If you don’t believe in yourself, will.A.nobodyB.anybodyC.everybodyD.somebody4.[2017·重庆] There are so many fish swimming in the pool. They very happy.A.tasteB.smellC.soundD.look5.[2018·常州]—Your father has passed the driving test?—Yes. my father my mother has.A.Not only; but alsoB.Neither; norC.Either; orD.Both; and6.[2017·河南] The plane on the ground for two more hours because of the bad weather.A.ranB.movedC.shookD.remained7.[2018·襄阳]—Excuse me, sir. Are you sure the umbrella in your hand belongs to you?—Oh, sorry. I took it . Mine is over there under the chair.A.at onceB.on timeC.by mistakeD.in all8.—Why do you Yao Ming?—Because he is a great player.A.look likeB.look downC.look overD.look up to9.[2017·临沂] I met Lucy on the way home yesterday, and we had a happy chat.A.by mistakeB.by acci dentC.by turnsD.by land10.[2018·菏泽改编] It is believed that tea to Korea and Japan from China during 6th and 7th centuries.A.broughtB.was broughtC.is broughtD.has broughtⅡ.[2018·青海]阅读理解The well-known “new great inventions” o f modern China have made our daily lives more convenient.High-speed trainsChina created its first high-speed railway line in 2008. Since then, the number of passenger trips has grown by over 30 percent every year. By 2016, more than 5 billion trips had been taken on the trains. By 2020, one-fifth of the country’s 150,000-km railway network will be used by the trains. This network will link more than 80 percent of major cities across China.Mobile paymentMobile payment is turning China into a “cashless society”. Instead of paying by cash(现金), customers now pay for their goods and some kinds of bills simply by typing a short password into the Alipay or WeChat app on their mobile phones.Shared bikesChina has surprised the world with how quickly shared bikes are widely used. Nowadays, bike users can simply pick up or park the bike on the street through GPS and smartphone apps. China’s two leading bike-sharing companies, Mobike and Ofo, have been opening their overseas markets in Singapore, the UK and the United States.Online shoppingWith around 751 million Internet users, China has been the world’s largest and fastest-growing online shopping market. Because of lower costs and fewer licensing requirements(执照要求), it’s easier for sellers to open an online shop in China. In 2016, more than 20 million jobs of rural areas were created.11.What’s the passage mainly about?A.The fast-developing technology.B.Modern China.C.China’s new great inventions.D.Convenient daily lives in China.12.By 2020, of major cities across China will be linked by high-speed trains network.A.30%B.One-fifthC.80%D.20%13.Mobile payment makes shopping more convenient in China because customers .A.can go shopping without mobile phonesB.needn’t take cashC.don’t have to use a passwordD.needn’t pay for the bills14.Shared bikes can be picked up or parked .A.on the streetB.in Mobike and OfoC.in parksD.in markets15. can make online shopping develop so fast in China.A.Lower costsB.Fewer licensing requirementsC.More job chancesD.A, B & CⅢ.[2019·原创]任务型阅读阅读短文,并按要求完成16~20题。
限时训练参考答案限时训练参考答案在现代社会中,时间成为了一种宝贵的资源。
我们总是不断地追求高效率和快速完成任务的能力。
为了应对这种需求,限时训练应运而生。
限时训练是一种通过在规定的时间内完成任务来提高工作效率和学习能力的方法。
在这篇文章中,我们将探讨限时训练的意义和一些参考答案。
限时训练的意义在于它可以帮助我们培养时间管理和压力应对能力。
在限时训练中,我们必须在规定的时间内完成任务,这迫使我们学会合理安排时间和高效利用时间。
这种训练不仅可以提高我们的工作效率,还可以培养我们的冷静和应对压力的能力。
当我们在紧迫的时间限制下工作时,我们需要保持冷静并集中注意力,这对我们的工作和学习都非常重要。
在进行限时训练时,我们需要有一些参考答案来帮助我们评估自己的表现。
这些参考答案可以是标准答案、模板或者是其他人的答案。
通过参考答案,我们可以了解到自己在时间管理、任务完成和问题解决等方面的表现如何。
同时,参考答案也可以帮助我们发现自己的不足之处,并进行针对性的改进。
然而,我们需要明确的是,参考答案只是一种参考,我们并不需要完全照搬,而是应该根据自己的实际情况进行调整和改进。
在限时训练中,我们可以运用参考答案的方法和思路,但是我们需要注意避免机械地套用答案。
每个人都有自己的思维方式和解决问题的方法,因此我们需要根据自己的特点和优势来进行答题。
参考答案只是给我们提供一种思路和方法的参考,而不是唯一的正确答案。
我们需要根据自己的理解和思考来进行创新和发展。
限时训练不仅可以应用于学习和工作,也可以应用于日常生活中的各个方面。
比如,我们可以设定一个时间限制来完成家务,这样不仅可以提高效率,还可以让我们有更多的时间去做其他喜欢的事情。
又比如,我们可以设定一个时间限制来锻炼身体,这样不仅可以提高身体素质,还可以节约时间。
限时训练可以应用于各个领域,它可以帮助我们更好地管理时间,提高效率。
综上所述,限时训练是一种提高工作效率和学习能力的方法。
课时训练(十七)简单机械——滑轮、斜面(限时:60分钟)|基础过关|1.[2019·某某]关于如图WK17-1所示简单机械的使用,下列说法不正确的是 ()图WK17-12.[2019·东营]如图WK17-2所示,下列简单机械中,忽略杠杆、滑轮、绳的自重及摩擦,当提起同一重物时,最省力的是()ABC D图WK17-23.[2019·某某]在野外用滑轮组拉越野车脱困时的情景如图WK17-3所示,有关力的分析正确的是()图WK17-3C.脱困必需2400 N的拉力时,绳索自由端的力F至少为1200 ND.脱困必需2400 N的拉力时,绳索自由端的力F至少为800 N4.[2019·某某]两个滑轮按如图WK17-4所示的方式组合,用5 N的拉力F拉动绳端,使物体在5 s内水平向左匀速滑动1 m,物体与地面间的摩擦力为9 N,下列选项正确的是 ()图WK17-4A.A是定滑轮,B是动滑轮B.拉力F做的功为5 JC.拉力F的功率为1.8 W%5.[2019·某某]如图WK17-5所示,用同一滑轮组分别将两个不同的物体A和B匀速提升相同的高度,不计绳重和摩擦的影响,提升A的过程中滑轮组的机械效率较大,则下列判断正确的是()①A物体比B物体轻②提升A的拉力较大③提升A所做的额外功较少④提升A做的有用功较多图WK17-5①③②④②③①④6.[2019·某某]如图WK17-6所示,把重为G的物体甲从A点竖直向上匀速拉至B点,此过程绳的拉力对甲做的功为W ABCD.斜面的机械效率为()图WK17-6A.W ABW CD B.W CDW ABC.GHW CD-W ABD.GHW CD+W AB7.[2018·某某]小明用如图WK17-7所示的动滑轮提起140 N的水桶,动滑轮重20 N(不计绳重和摩擦),小明拉绳子的动力为N;如果向水桶内再加入40 N的水,提起时动滑轮的机械效率(选填“变大”“变小”或“不变”).图WK 17-78.[2019·达州]救援车工作原理如图WK 17-8所示,当车载电机对钢绳施加的拉力F 大小为2.5×103N 时,小车A 恰能匀速缓慢地沿斜面上升.已知小车A 的质量为1 t ,斜面高为2 m ,斜面长为5 m .在小车A 由水平路面被拉上救援车的过程中,钢绳所做的有用功为J ,整个装置的机械效率为,小车A 与斜面间的摩擦力大小为N .(不计车长、钢绳重、动滑轮重、钢绳与滑轮间的摩擦和滑轮与轴间的摩擦,g 取10 N/kg )图WK 17-89.下面是小明和小红的“测量滑轮组机械效率”的实验报告. 实验名称:测量滑轮组的机械效率 实验步骤:①用弹簧测力计测量钩码所受的重力G 并填入表格;②按图WK 17-9安装滑轮组,分别记下钩码和弹簧测力计的位置;图WK 17-9③拉动弹簧测力计并读出拉力F 的值,用刻度尺测出钩码上升的高度h 和弹簧测力计移动的距离s ,将这三个量填入表格;④算出有用功W 有用、总功W 总、机械效率η并填入表格; ⑤改变钩码上升的高度,重复上面的实验,记录并计算实验数据. 实验记录:实验次数 钩码重力G /N 物体上升的高度h /cm 有用功W 有用/J拉力F /N 弹簧测力计移动的距离s /cm 总功W 总/J 机械效率η1 6 %2 6 % 36%4 6 %实验结论:在忽略绳子的重力和摩擦的情况下,滑轮组的机械效率与所提升物体的重力和高度无关.请你评价小明和小红的实验报告.(1)指出实验步骤中存在的错误和不足.(2)从理论上分析说明他们实验结论的局限性.10.[2018·潍坊]如图WK17-10所示,工人用滑轮组提升重为400 N的货物,所用拉力恒为240 N,货物被匀速提升10 m.求:图WK17-10(1)工人做的功.(2)滑轮组的机械效率.|走进重高|1.[2019·某某]如图WK17-11所示,物体A、B的重分别为20 N、10 N,滑轮和绳子的重力忽略不计,此时物体A在水平面上向右做匀速直线运动,若用力F向左拉物体A,使物体A向左做匀速直线运动,则()图WK17-11=20 N=10 N=5 N=30 NWK17-12所示,小明和爸爸妈妈通过一个轻质滑轮组进行拔河比赛.已知爸爸与地面之间的摩擦力最大可达600 N.为了胜过爸爸,则小明所使用的拉力及妈妈与地面间的摩擦力至少应达到()图WK17-12A.300 N、600 NB.300 N、400 NC.200 N、600 ND.200 N、400 N3.[2019·某某]如图WK17-13所示的吊车有大小两个吊钩,在确保安全的前提下,下列关于该吊车机械效率的说法正确的是()图WK17-13A.吊起相同货物,使用小吊钩机械效率高B.吊起相同货物,上升速度快的机械效率高C.每次吊起的货物越少,机械效率越高D.货物升高的高度越高,机械效率越高4.[2019·某某]用水平力F1拉动如图WK17-14所示装置,使木板A在粗糙水平面上向右匀速运动,物块B在木板A上表面相对地面静止,连接B与竖直墙壁的水平绳的拉力大小为F21与F2的大小关系是()图WK17-141=F22<F1<2F21=2F21>2F25.[2019·某某改编]如图WK17-15甲所示的装置,每个滑轮的重力为10 N,物体A的重力G A=100 N,物体B 的重力G B=40 N,对A施加水平向右的拉力F1=110 N,使A以0.1 m/s的速度匀速向右运动;撤去拉力F1,在A的右侧加挂一个与它相同的物体,如图乙所示,对B施加一个竖直向下的拉力F2,使A以0.2 m/s ()图WK17-15A.图甲中,A受到的摩擦力为110 NB.图乙中,F2的大小为45 NC.图乙中,P点处受到的拉力为145 ND.图乙中,F2做功的功率为1 W6.[2019·眉山]为了探究斜面的机械效率与斜面倾斜程度之间的关系,探究小组的同学利用木板、刻度尺、弹簧测力计、木块等器材设计了如图WK17-16所示的实验装置.实验测得的数据如下表:图WK17-16实验次数 1 2 3斜面倾斜程度较缓较陡最陡木块重力G/N 3 3 3斜面高度h/m沿斜面拉力F/N斜面长度s/m 1 1 1机械效率%60%请你根据表中的数据解答下列问题:(1)实验中要求用沿斜面向上的力拉着木块在斜面上做运动,该过程中木块的机械能(选填“变大”“不变”或“变小”).(2)第2次实验中,斜面的机械效率为,斜面对木块的摩擦力为N.(3)斜面的机械效率与斜面的倾斜程度之间的关系是.(4)试列举出生活中利用斜面的一个实例:.7.质量为60 kg的工人用如图WK17-17甲所示的滑轮组运送货物上楼,滑轮组的机械效率随货物重力变化的关系图像如图乙所示,机械中摩擦力及绳重忽略不计.(g取10 N/kg)(1)影响滑轮组机械效率的因素之一是.(2)若工人在1 min内将货物匀速向上提高了6 m,作用在钢绳上的拉力为400 N,求拉力的功率.(3)求动滑轮受到的重力.%)图WK17-178.[2019·某某]如图WK17-18所示,在水平路面上行驶的汽车通过滑轮组拉着重G=9×104N的货物A沿斜面向上匀速运动.货物A的速度为v=2 m/s,经过t=10 s,货物A竖直升高h=10 m.已知汽车对绳的拉力F的功率P=120 kW,不计绳、滑轮的质量和摩擦,求:(1)t时间内汽车对绳的拉力所做的功.(2)汽车对绳的拉力大小.(3)斜面的机械效率.图WK17-18WK17-19所示是某桥式起重机的示意图,水平横梁MN架在轨道A和B上,电动机D可沿横梁左右移动.横梁、电动机、挂钩、滑轮、钢索、导线的质量以及滑轮上的摩擦均不计.(1)电动机通过滑轮组,将质量为600 kg的零件,以0.4 m/s的速度匀速吊高4 m,求电动机对零件做的功,电动机的最小功率.(g取10 N/kg)(2)已知横梁长度为L,零件质量为m,电动机吊着零件从M点出发并开始计时,以水平速度v匀速运动到N 点,横梁对轨道A的压力F与时间t的关系式为:F=.图WK17-1910.[2019·某某]在更换家用轿车的轮胎时,剪式千斤顶是一种常用工具,图WK17-20甲所示是某型号剪式千斤顶的结构示意图.使用时,将底部支撑台置于水平地面,保持千斤顶竖直,将顶升置于汽车车身下,用手摇动扳手使扳手不断旋转,带动丝杆转动.通过丝杆水平拉动左端铰链,使支架向内收缩,顶升升高,从而将汽车车身顶起,丝杆上刻有梯形扣,图乙是梯形扣的实物图.(1)该型号的剪式千斤顶是由一些简单机械组合而成的,在顶起车身的过程中,丝杆上的梯形扣属于下列哪一种简单机械?.A.滑轮B.滑轮组C.杠杆D.斜面(2)现使用该剪式千斤顶更换轮胎,顶起汽车车身后,若顶升受到车身竖直向下的压力大小始终为10000 N,且等于顶升对车身的支持力,千斤顶自身重力忽略不计.①若底部支撑台与地面接触面积为0.04 m2,顶起汽车车身后手不再用力,则千斤顶对地面产生的压强是多大?②顶起汽车车身后,为了方便更换轮胎,需要继续摇动扳手,使顶升继续升高一段距离,若人摇动扳手使顶升在1 min 内升高12 cm ,用千斤顶顶起车身时的机械效率为80%,则人做功的功率是多大?图WK 17-20【参考答案】基础过关 1.C 2.A3.C [解析]车对地面的压力与车的重力是作用在不同物体上的两个力,且方向相同,所以不是一对平衡力,故A 错误;车拉滑轮组的力与滑轮组对车的拉力是作用在不同物体上的两个力,所以不是一对平衡力,故B 错误;由图可知,n=2,若不计绳重和摩擦,则绳子自由端的拉力F=12F'=12×2400 N=1200 N,因为绳重和摩擦必然存在,所以绳索自由端的拉力F 至少为1200 N ,故C 正确,D 错误.7.80 变大 8.2×10480% 103[解析]钢绳克服小车的重力做的有用功W有用=Gh=mgh=103 kg ×10 N/kg ×2 m =2×104s=nh=2×5 m =10 m ,钢绳拉力做的总功W 总=Fs=2.5×103N ×10 m =2.5×104J ,则该装置机械效率η=W 有用W 总×100%=2×104 J2.5×104 J×100%=80%.额外功W额外=W 总-W 有用=2.5×104 J -2×104 J =5×103 J ,在此过程中,额外功就是克服A 与斜面间摩擦力所做的功,所以摩擦力f=W 额外W =5×103 J 5m=103N. 9.(1)有用功和总功计算错误;在研究滑轮组机械效率与物体的重力关系时,小明和小红没有改变提升物体的重力大小.(2)探究滑轮组机械效率与所提升物体高度的关系时,原实验只使用了一个滑轮组做了实验;探究滑轮组机械效率与所提升物体重力的关系时,原实验没有改变物体的重力且只使用了同一滑轮组做实验.[解析] (1)①表中有用功W 有用=Gh 和总功W 总=Fs 的计算值都是错误的,原因在于计算时,物体上升的高度和弹簧测力计通过的距离均以cm 为单位,在计算时没有换算成国际单位m.②在探究滑轮组机械效率与物体的重力关系时,应改变所提升的物体重力大小,由表中数据可知,小明和小红没有改变提升物体的重力大小,故无法得出机械效率大小与提升物体重力的关系.(2)探究滑轮组机械效率与所提升物体高度的关系时,要控制物体的重力相同,为使结论具有普遍性,应换用不同的滑轮组多次实验,原实验只使用了一个滑轮组做了实验;探究滑轮组机械效率与所提升物体重力的关系时,应改变物体的重力大小,使用不同的滑轮组做实验,而原实验没有改变物体的重力. 10.解:(1)由图知,n =2,则绳子自由端移动的距离s=2h=2×10 m=20 m , 工人做的功W 总=Fs =240 N×20 m=4800 J.(2)提升物体做的有用功W 有用=Gh =400 N×10 m=4000 J, 则滑轮组的机械效率η=W 有用W 总×100%=4000 J 4800 J×100%≈83.3%.走进重高6.(1)匀速直线 变大(3)同一斜面,斜面越陡,机械效率越高(4)盘山公路(或用木板搭成斜面,将重物推上汽车等)[解析](1)在本实验中,要求木块处于平衡状态,所以应拉着它在斜面上做匀速直线运动.由于木块沿斜面匀速上升,速度不变,故动能大小不变,但高度增加,重力势能变大,所以机械能变大.(2)由第2组数据可得,做的有用功W 有用=Gh=3 N×0.3 m=0.9 J,总功W 总=Fs=1.8 N×1 m=1.8 J,则机械效率η=W 有用W 总×100%=0.9 J1.8 J ×100%=50%;对于斜面来说,克服摩擦力做的功为额外功,额外功W 额外=W 总-W 有用=1.8J-0.9 J=0.9 J ,则斜面对木块的摩擦力为f=W 额外W =0.9 J1 m =0.9 N.(3)通过3次实验对比,可得出结论:同一斜面,斜面越陡,机械效率越高. 7.解:(1)物重(或动滑轮重)(2)由题图甲可知,n =3,则绳端移动的距离:s=nh =3×6 m=18 m, 拉力做的功:W=Fs =400 N×18 m=7200 J, 拉力的功率:P=W W =7200 J60 s=120 W.(3)由图乙可知,物重G =300 N 时,滑轮组的机械效率η=60%,因机械中摩擦力及绳重忽略不计,克服物重做的功为有用功,克服动滑轮重力和物重做的功为总功, 所以,滑轮组的机械效率:η=W 有用W 总×100%=WW(W +W动)W×100%=W W +W 动×100%=300 N300 N +W 动×100%=60%, 解得G 动=200 N.(4)已知工人的质量为60 kg ,word11 / 11 则该工人竖直向下拉绳子自由端运送货物时,绳子的最大拉力:F 大=G 人=m 人g =60 kg×10 N/kg=600 N,由F=1W (G+G 动)可得,提升的最大物重: G 大=nF 大-G 动=3×600 N -200 N=1600 N ,则滑轮组的最大机械效率:η大=W 大W 大+W 动×100%=1600 N 1600 N +200 N ×100%≈88.9%.8.解:(1)t 时间内汽车对绳的拉力做的功W F =Pt=120×103 W ×10 s =1.2×106 J.(2)由图可知,承担对A 拉力的绳子段数n=3,则拉力端移动速度v F =3v=3×2 m/s =6 m/s ,则拉力端移动的距离s F =v F ×t=6 m/s ×10 s =60 m ,由W=Fs 可得,汽车对绳的拉力F=W W W W =1.2×106 J 60m =2×104 N. (3)该过程做的有用功W 有用=Gh=9×104 N ×10 m =9×105 J ,斜面的机械效率η=W 有用W W ×100%=9×105 J 1.2×106 J ×100%=75%.9.解:(1)电动机对零件做的功:W=Gh=mgh =600 kg×10 N/kg×4 m=2.4×104 J.因横梁、电动机、挂钩、滑轮、钢索、导线的质量以及滑轮上的摩擦均不计,所以,拉力做的功即为克服零件重力所做的功,则电动机对零件做功的功率P=W W =WW W =WWW W=mgv'=600 kg×10 N/kg×0.4 m/s=2.4×103 W ,则电动机的最小功率为2.4×103 W.(2)mg-WWW W t 10.解:(1)D(2)①千斤顶对地面的压强p=W W =10000N 0.04m 2=2.5×105Pa. ②有用功W 有用=Gh=10000 N ×12×10-2 m =1200 J ,根据η=W 有用W 总×100%得,总功W 总=W 有用W=1200J 80%=1500 J , 做功时间为1 min ,则功率P=W 总W =1500J 60s =25 W.。
课时训练17 单项式乘多项式 【基础过关】 1. B解析:根据单项式乘多项式的法则,可得232(3)(251)6153a a a a a a-⋅--=-++故选(B ) 2. B解析: 由单项式乘多项式的法则,得222(21)(2)22x x x x x x x ---=-- 33x x x +=-,选(B )3. D解析: 根据单项式乘多项式的法则,可得, A 选项2232(1)(4)44ab ab a b ab --=-+;B 选项为222422(3)393x y x x x y -⋅=-;而232(3)(21)363a a a a a a --+=-+-,C 选项不正确,只有D 选项正确,故选(D ) 4. C解析: 由单项式乘多项式的法则,得结果222311(6)(6)323ab a b ab ab a b --⋅-=-+3222236a b a b +,故选(C )5. C解析: 如图,可以采用“割补”的方法将它分成两个长方形,则可求它的面积为()s ac c b c =+-2ac bc c =+-,选(C )6.432363x x x -+解析:由单项式乘多项式的法则可得: 22432(3)(21)363x x x x x x --+-=-+ 7. 3232481212a b a b a b -+解析: 由单项式乘多项式的法则可得:2224[23()]4[2ab a b ab ab ab a --= 233232433]81212ab ab a b a b a b -+=-+ 8. 4x =解析: 2(1)12(25)x x x x -=+-,22221225x x x x -=+-,312x =,解得4x =. 9. 21解析: 由10t -=,得1t =.322[2t t t - 323(22)]912t t t t -+=+,当1t =时, 32329129112121t t +=⨯+⨯=10. 解析: (1)2(28)m m x x x --+2228m m m x x x +=-+-(2) 3(5-2)-5(1+3)a a a a2215651511a a a a a =---=-(3)321(248)()2x x x ---⋅-231(248)2x x x =-- 3525322424x x x x x x =--=-+-12.【拓展提优】1. B解析: 根据单项式乘多项式的法则,()()()a b c b c a c a b ab ac ---+-=-, 22bc ab ac bc ab bc -++-=-,故选(B )2. C解析: 根据单项式乘多项式的法则, (C)选项231(22)2x x x x --=--错误,应为231(22)2x x x x --=-+,其它选项正确,所以选(C ) 3. A解析: 根据三角形的面积公式和单项式与多项式相乘的法则,这个三角形的面积为:221S=(2x y xy y )6=32xy xy ⨯+-⋅⨯2232223(2x y xy y )633x y x y xy +-=+-,故选(A )4. 546372444a b a b a b -+解析: 根据幂的性质和单项式与多项式相乘的法则, 22223(2)()a b ab a b a --+=4222354634()44a b ab a b a a b a b ⋅-+=-724a b +.5. 53343531181612x y x y x y --+ 解析: 223121(3)()232x y y xy +-⋅-2233121(3)()238x y y x y =+-⋅-53343531181612x y x y x y =--+6. 165-解析:∵230xy +=,∴23xy =-372548(3)xy x y x y y x y ---=-+ 36224233()3()x y xy xy xy +=-+ 243()(3)3(3)(3)xy +=--+⨯-+- 165=-.7. 0解析: 由20x y +=得2y x =-,代入3342()x xy x y y +++, 可得:33342()42(2)x xy x y y x x x +++=+⋅-333(2)(2)880x x x x x ⋅-+-=-= 8. 12.5解析:∵225(2520)0m m n -+-+=, ∴250,25200m m n -=-+=,解得 2.5,5;m n == 代入代数式,得 22(2)2(523)mn m m mn n --+- 2222241046m n m m n mn =--+ 2106m mn =-+210 2.56 2.5512.5=-⨯+⨯⨯= 9. 221124a a π+解析: 此商标图案的面积的面积是21+-=24S S S S a a a π=⋅+长方形扇形三角形 22111(2)224a a a a a π-+⋅=+ 【探究提优】1.解析: 根据条件 2310a a a +++=和乘法的分配律,可得:2345678a a a a a a a a +++++++ 2345678()()a a a a a a a a =+++++++23523(1)(1)a a a a a a a a =+++++++5000a a =⨯+⨯=.。
限时训练题十七语法填空I fin ally took part in my first local Walk for Hope eve nt, which is a race to raise money for breast can cer research.People usually give $30 at the least to walk a 4-mile (6.4km) roun dtrip course in the neighborhood. After finishing, they are greeted with tents and free food 1 the start ing point.I ___ 2 ______ (pla n) to do the Walk every year since the sixth grade, but fateseemed to have not wan ted it. This year, I cleared my schedule weeks in adva nee, and eve nwent to bed before 10 pm to make sure I _________ 3__ make it._______ 4_______ (fortun ate), I was early eno ugh to see the mayor cut the ribbon , marking the start of the walk.The n, the race bega n.I felt pretty good at first. However, about a mile (1.6km) down the course, I bega n to tire.My frie nd Dave, who was at first a half-step __5 _______________ me, was nowhalf a block ahead. I was embarrassed and hated the fact ____ 6____ I could n't keepup with him.At the half-way point I decided to get a head start back to the start ing point with one of mygirlfrie nds, Alyna. She had bee n wait ing for me there. Alyna and I man aged to jog 7 wholeway back to the starti ng point, although at a slower pace tha nDave and I had done before. Just _____ 8 ____ (th in k)of all the free food that waswait ing for me made me want to get back faster.It was already noon by the time the last walkers arrived at the finish line, and my friends andI had already had ____________ 9_____ b it of food and en terta inmen t. I was sweaty,smelly, and exhausted, ___ 10 ____ I was glad I was able to con tribute to a great causeexercise with my friends and eat free food, all at the same time.完型填空When I entered Berkeley, I hoped to earn a scholarship. Having been a Straight-A student, I believed I take tough subjects and really lear n somethi ng. One such course was World Literature given by Professor Jayne. I was extremely interested in the ideas heA in class.When I took the first exam, I was shocked to find a 77, C-plus, on my test paper, forEnglish was my best subject. I went to Professor Jayne, who listened to my argume nts butrema in ed_ 2 .I decided to try harder, although I did n ow whatthatimea nt because school had alwaysbeen easy for me. I read the books more carefully, but got another 77. Aga in, I 3 with Professort cha ng Jayne. Agai n, he liste ned patie ntly but would nhis mi nd .One more test before the final exam. One more cha nce to improve my grade. So Iredoubled my efforts and, for the first time. 4 The meaning of the word“ thorough ” . Buteffort did no good and everyth in g 5 as before.The last hurdle(障碍) was the fin al. No matter what grade I got, it would n ' t can cel threeC-pluses. I might as well kiss the 6 goodbye.I stopped working head. I felt I knew the course material as well as I ever would.The ni ght before the fin al, I eve n 7 myself to a movie. The n ext day I decided for once I ' d have with a test.A week later, I was surprised to find I got an A. I hurried into professor Jayne office. He 9 to be expecting me. “If I gave yoAstyou 10 , you wouldn ' tcontinue to work as hard. ”I stared at him, realizing that his analysis and strategy(策略) were correct. I had worked my head off, as I had n ever done before.I was speechless whe n my course grade arrived: A-plus. It was the only A-plus given. The next year I received my scholarship. I ' valways remembered Professor Jayne' s less on: you alone must set your own sta ndard of excelle nee.1. A. sought B. prese nted C. exchanged D. obta ined2. A.unchanged B. un pleasa nt C. unfrien dly D. unm oved3. A. quarreled B. reas oned C. barga ined D. chatted4. A. memorized B. con sidered C. accepted D. lear ned5. A. stayed B. went C. worked D. changed6. A. scholarship B. course C. degree D. subject7. A. helped B. favored C. treated D. relaxed8. A. fun B. luck C. problems D. tricks.9. A.happened B. proved C. prete nded D. seemed10. A. valued B. imagined C. expected D. welcomed阅读理解ATwenty years ago, I drove a taxi for a living. One night I went to pick up a passe nger at 2:30 AM. Whe n I arrived to collect, I found the build ing was dark except for a sin gle light in a ground floor win dow.I walked to the door and knocked, “Juste minute, ”nswered a weak, elderly voice.After a long pause, the door ope ned. A small woma n in her eighties stood before me. By her side was a small suitcase.I took the suitcase to the car, and then returned to help the woman. She took my arm and we walked slowly toward the car.She kept thanking me for my kindness. “It nothing, ” told her. “just try to treat my passe ngers the way I would want my mother treated. ”“ Oh, you ' re such a good man. ” She said. When we got into the taxi, she gave me an address, and the n asked, “ Could you drive through dow ntow n? ”“It ' s not the shortest way, ” I answered quickly.“Oh, I ' m in no hurry, ”she said. “I ' m on my wa终t医院hospic^ ' t have any family left. The doctor says I don ' t have very long. ”I quietly reached over and shut off the mete计价器).For the n ext two hours, we drove through the city. She showed me the build ing where she had once worked, the n eighborhood where she had lived, and the furn iture shop that had once bee n a ballroom where she had gone dancing as a girl.Sometimes she ' d ask me to slow down in front of a particular building and would sit stari ng into the dark ness, say ing nothing.At dawn, she suddenly said, ” I 'm tired. Let 's go now. ”We drove in silence to the address she had given me.“How much do I owe you? ” she asked.“ Nothing. ” I said.“You have to make a living, ” she answered. ar“e Oot h,etrhpearessengers, ” I answered.Almost without thinking, I bent and gave her a hug. She held onto me tightly. Our hug ended with her remark, “You gave an old woman a little moment of joy.11. The old woman chose to ride through the city in order to _____ .A. show she was familiar with the cityB. see some places for the last timeC. let the driver earn more moneyD. reach the destination on time12. The taxi driver did not charge the old woman because he ____ .A. wanted to do her a favorB. shut off the meter by mistakeC. had received her payment in advanceD. was in a hurry to take other passengers13. What can we learn from the story?A. Giving is always a pleasure.B. People should respect each other.C. An act of kindness can bring people great joy.D. People should learn to appreciate others ' concern.BDomestic (驯养的) horses now pull ploughs, race in the Kentucky Derby, and carry police. But early horses were n 驯'服的m e nOugh to perform these kindsof tasks. Scientists think the first interactions humans had with horses were far different from those today.Thousands of years ago, people killed the wild horses that lived around them for food. Over time, people began to catch the animals and raise them. This was the first step in domestication.As people began to tame and ride horses, they chose to keep those animals that had more desirable characteristics. For example, people may have chosen to keep horses that had a gentle personality so they could be ridden more easily. People who used horses to pull heavy loads would have chosen to keep stronger animals. Characteristics like strength are partly controlled by the animals 'genes. So as the domesticated horses reproduced, they passed the characteristics on to their young. Each new generation of houses would show more of these chosen characteristics.Modern day horse breeds come in a wide variety of shapes and sizes. This variety didn 't exist in the horse population before domestication. The Shetland horse is one of the smallest breeds—typically reaching only one meter tall. With short, strong legs, the animals were bred to pull coal out of mine shafts (矿井) with low ceilings. Huge horses like the Clydesdale came on the scene around 1700. People bred these heavy, tall horses to pull large vehicles used for carrying heavy loads.The domestication of horses has had great effects on societies. For example, horses were important tools in the advancement of modern agriculture. Using them to pull ploughs and carry heavy loads allowed people to farm more efficiently. Before they were able to ride horses, humans had to cross land on foot. Riding horses allowed people to travel far greater distanee in much less time. That encouraged populatio ns livi ng in differe nt areas to in teract with one ano ther. The new from of rapid tran sportatio n helped cultures spread around the world.14. Before domesticati on horses were _____ .A. caught for sportsB. hun ted for foodC. made to pull ploughsD. used to carry people15. The author uses the Shetla nd horse as an example to show ____ .A. it is smaller tha n the Clydesdale horseB. horse used to have gen tle pers on alitiesC. some horses have better shaped tha n othersD. horses were of less variety before domesticatio n16. Horses con tributed to the spread of culture by _____ .A. carry ing heavy loadsB. cha nging farming methodsC. serv ing as a means of tran sportD. adva ncing agriculture in differe nt areas17. The passage is mainly about _______ .A. why huma ns domesticated horsesB. how huma ns and horses n eeded each otherC. why horses came in differe nt shapes and sizesD. how huma n societies and horses in flue need each otherCDear Hamilt on.We are fortun ate that in such a large, high-pressure office we all get along so well. You are one of the people who keep the social temperature at such a comfortable sett in g. I don ' t know anyone in the office who is better liked tha n you.You can perhaps help with this. The collectio n of con tributi ons towards gifts for employeesp ersona-life events is becoming a little troubling. Certainly, the group sending of a gift is reas on able now and the n. In the past mon th, however, there have bee n collecti ons for two baby shower gifts, one wedd ing shower gift, two wedd ing gifts, one fun eral remembra nee, four birthday gifts, and three graduati on gifts.It ' s n o tily the collected-from who are growing uncomfortable (and poor), but the collected-for feel uneasy receiving gifts from people who don' know them outside the office, who wouldn ' teven recognize their graduating children, their marrying daughters and sons, or their dead relatives.This is basically a kind gesture (and one that people thi nk well of you for), but the practice seems to have become too wide-ranging and feels improper in today ' s office sett ing.Tha nk you for un dersta nding.18. The underlined word “ contributions ” probably means ________________ .A. moneyB. suggesti onsC. reportsD. un dersta nding19. Hamilt on is expected to _____ .A. show more kindn ess.B. disc on ti nue the prese nt practiceC. quit being the orga ni zer for gift givingD. know more about co-workers ' families20. This is basically a letter of ________ .A. apologyB. sympathyC. appreciati onD. dissatisfact ionDWhen it comes to frie nds, I desire those who will share my happ in ess, who possess wings oftheir own and who will fly with me. I seek friends whose qualities illuminate (照亮)me and train me up for love. It is for these people that I reserve the glow ing hours, too good not to share.When I was in the eighth grade, I had a frie nd. We were shy and “ too seriousabout our studies when it was beco ming fashi on able with our classmatesto learn acceptable social behaviors. We said little at school, but she would come to my house and we would sit down with pencils and paper, and one of us would say: “ Let ' s stwit h a train whistle today. ” We would sit quietly together and write separate poems or stories that grew out of a train whistle. Then we would read them aloud. At the end of that school year, we, too, were changing into social creatures and the stories and poems stopped.When I lived for a time in London, I had a friend. He was in despair(失望)and I was in despair. But our frie ndship was based on the idea in each of us that we would be sorry later if we did not explore this great city because we had felt bad at the time. We met every Sun day for five weeks and found many excelle nt thin gs. We walked un til our despairs disappeared and the n we parted. We gave London to each other.For almost four years I have had remarkable friend whose imagination illuminates mine. We write long letters in which we often discover our strangest selves. Each of us appears, sometimes in a funny way, in the other ' s dreams. She agree that, at certa in times, we seem to be parts of the same mi nd. In my most interesting moments I often think: “ Yes, I must tell ….” We have never met.It is such comforting companions I wish to keep. One bright hour with their kind is worth more to me than the lifetime services of a psychologist心理学家),who will only fill up the healing (愈合的)silence necessary to those darkest moments in which I would rather be my own best frie nd.21. In the eighth grade, what the author did before develop ing proper social behaviorwas to ______ .A. become serious about her studyB. go to her friend ' s house regularlyC. learn from her classmates at schoolD. share poems and stories with her friend22. In Paragraph 3, “We gave London to each other ” probably means ________ .A. our exploration of London was a memorable gift to both of usB. we were un willi ng to tear ourselves away from LondonC. our un pleasa nt feeli ng about London disappearedD. we parted with each other in London23. Accord ing to Paragraph 4, the author and her frie nd _____ .A. call each other regularlyB. have similar personalitiesC. enjoy writing to each otherD. dream of meeting each other24 .In the darkest mome nts, the author would prefer to _____ .A. seek professi onal helpB. be left aloneC. stay with her best friendD. break the silenee25. What is the best title for the passage?A. Un forgettable Experie ncesB. Remarkable Imagi nati onC. Life long Frie ndshipD. Noble Compa nionsEThe Diet Zone: A Dan gerous PlaceDiet Coke, diet Pepsi, diet pills, no- fat diet, vegetable diet … We are surroundedby the word “ diet ” everywhere weiitabtesten. We have so easily been attracted by the promise and pote ntial of diet products that we have stopped thi nking about what diet products are doing to us. We are paying for products that harm us psychologically and physically.Diet products sig nifica ntly weake n us psychologically. On one level, we are not allow ing our brain to admit that our weight problems lie not in actually los ing the weight, but in controlling the consumption of fatty, high-calorie, unhealthy foods. Diet products allow us to jump over the thi nking stage and go straight for the scalein food (秤)in stead. All we have to do is to swallow or recog nize the word“ diet ”labels.On ano ther level, diet products have greater psychological effects. Every time we have a zero-calorie drink, we are telling ourselves without our awarenessthat we don' t have to work to get results. Diet products make people believe thagtain comes without pain, and that life can be without resista nee and struggle.The dan ger of diet products lies not only in the psychological effects they have on us, but also in the physical harm that they cause. Diet foods can in directly harm our bodies because consuming them in stead of healthy foods means we are preve nti ng our bodies from having basic nutrients(营养成分).Diet foods and diet pills contain zero calorie only because the diet in dustry has created chemicals to produce these won der products. Diet products may not be nu triti on al, and the chemical that go into diet products are pote ntially dan gerous.Now that we are aware of the effects that diet products have on us, it is time to seriously think about buying them. Los ing weight lies in the power of min ds, not in the power of chemicals. Once we realize this, we will be much better able to resist diet products, and therefore prevent the psychological harm that comes from using them.26. From Paragraph 1, we lear n that _______ .A. diet products fail to bring out people ' s potentialB. people have difficulty in choos ing diet productsC. diet products are misleadi ng peopleD. people are fed up with diet products27. One psychological effect of diet products is that people tend to _____ .A. try out a variety of diet foodsB. hesitate before they enjoy diet foodsC. pay atte nti on to their own eat ing habitsD. watch their weight rather tha n their diet28. In Paragraph 3, “gain comes without pain ” probably means __________A. losi ng weight is effortlessB. it costs a lot to lose weightC. diet products bring no painD. diet products are free from calories29. Diet products in directly harm people physically because such products _____ .A. are over-c on sumedB. lack basic nu trie ntsC. are short of chemicalsD. provide too much en ergy30. Which of the followi ng shows the structure of the passage?C, D-CP: Central Poim P: Poini Sp; Subpoint C; CdnclusiiMi基础写作在一次英语演讲比赛中,评委向你展示下列图画:【写作内容】请根据以上图片,写一篇发言稿,向评委陈述对此副画的理解。