长沙理工大学研究生英语考试阅读理解

长沙理工大学学位英语真题1、Mum, this T-shirt is much too small for me. Would you buy me a _______ one? [单选题] *A. niceB. largeC. nicerD. larger(正确答案)2、The three guests come from different _______. [单选题] *A. countryB. countrysC. countryesD. countries(正确答案)3、20．Sometimes it often rains ________ in my hometown in summer. [单选题] * A．heavyB．hardlyC．heavily(正确答案)D．strongly4、36．This kind of bread is terrible. I don't want to eat it ______. [单选题] * A．any more(正确答案)B．some moreC．no longerD．some longer5、You should stick to your（）and tell him you won' t do the thing. [单选题] *A. principle(正确答案)B. qualityC. contactD. influence6、_____ is not known yet. [单选题] *A. Although he is serious about itB. No matter how we will do the taskC. Whether we will go outing or not(正确答案)D. Unless they come to see us7、The Internet is an important means of（）[单选题] *A. conversationB. communication(正确答案)C. speechD. language8、______ in the library. （）[单选题] *A. Don’t smokingB. No smokeC. No smoking(正确答案)D. Doesn’t smoke9、21．Design a travel guide for Shanghai! ________ the competition and be the winner! [单选题] *A．JoinB．AttendC．EnterD．Take part in (正确答案)10、The flowers _______ sweet. [单选题] *A. tasteB. smell(正确答案)C. soundD. feel11、_____, Martin can reach the branch of that tall tree at the gate. [单选题] *A. As a short manB. Being shortC. As he is shortD. Short as he is(正确答案)12、It’s so nice to hear from her again. ______, we last met more than thirty year ago [单选题] *A. What ‘s wordB. That’s to sayC. Go aheadD. Believe it or not(正确答案)13、--The last bus has left. What should we do?--Let’s take a taxi. We have no other _______ now. [单选题] *A. choice(正确答案)B. reasonC. habitD. decision14、English is very important in our daily life. Never _______. [单选题] *A. give up itB. give it up(正确答案)C. give away itD. give it away15、When you have trouble, you can _______ the police. They will help you. [单选题] *A. turn offB. turn to(正确答案)C. turn onD. turn over16、His remarks _____me that I had made the right decision. [单选题] *A.ensuredB.insuredC.assured(正确答案)D.assumed17、46．The pants look cool.You can ________. [单选题] *A．try it onB．try on itC．try them on(正确答案)D．try on them18、John Smith is _______ of the three young men. [单选题] *A. strongB. strongerC. the strongerD. the strongest(正确答案)19、I have a _____ every day to keep fit. [单选题] *A. three thousand meter walkB. three-thousands-meters walkC.three-thousand-meters walkD. three-thousand-meter walk(正确答案)20、We have made a _______ tour plan to Sydney. [单选题] *A. two dayB. two daysC. two-day(正确答案)D. two-days21、Was（）that I saw last night at the concert? [单选题] *A. it you(正确答案)B. not youC. youD. that yourself22、72．I really don’t know how to thank you , but for your help, I （）my lost necklace．[单选题] *A.couldn’t have found(正确答案)B.mustn’t have foundC.couldn’t findD.wouldn’t find23、—_____ will the bus arrive? —In four minutes. [单选题] *A. How longB. How oftenC. How soon(正确答案)D. How far24、I passed the test, I _____ it without your help. [单选题] *A.would not passB. wouldn't have passed(正确答案)C. didn't passD.had not passed25、One effective（）of learning a foreign language is to study the language in its cultural context. [单选题] *A. approach(正确答案)B. wayC. mannerD. road26、Can you give her some ______ ? [单选题] *A. advice(正确答案)B. suggestionC. advicesD. suggest27、--_______ do you have to do after school?--Do my homework, of course. [单选题] *A. What(正确答案)B. WhenC. WhereD. How28、23．Hurry up! The train ________ in two minutes. [单选题] *A．will go(正确答案)B．goC．goesD．went29、She found her wallet（）she lost it. [单选题] *A. where(正确答案)B. whenC. in whichD.that30、Kids will soon get tired of learning _____ more than they can. [单选题] *A. if they expect to learnB. if they are expected to learn(正确答案)C. if they learn to expectD. if they are learned to expect。

一：King Juan Carlos of Spain once insisted “kings don’t abdicate, they dare in their…21. According to the first two Paragraphs, King Juan Carlos of Spain[D] ended his reign in …22.Monarchs are kept as heads of state in Europe mostly[C] to give voters more public...23. Which of the following is shown to be odd, according to Paragraph 4?the role of…24.The British royals “have most to fear” because Charles[D]fails to adap…25.Which of the following is the best title of the text?[D] Carlos, a lesson for all Monarchies二：Just how much does the Constitution protect your digital data?...26. The Supreme Court will work out whether, …[C]check suspect's phone contents…27. The author’s attitude toward California’s argument is one of[A]disapproval28. The author believes that exploring one’s phone contents …[A]getting into one's residence29. In Paragraph 5 and 6, the author shows his concern that[C] citizens' priv acy is not effectively…30. Orin Kerr’s comparison is quoted to indicate that new technology requires…三：The journal Science is adding an extra round of statistical checks to its peer-review process,.31. It can be learned from Paragraph 1 that[B]journals are strengthening their…32.The phrase “flagged up” (Para. 2) is the closest in meaning to marked33.Giovanni Parmigiani believes that the establishment of the SBoREmay[D] set an example for…34.David Vaux holds that what Science is doing now has room for further improvement35.Which of the following is the best title of the text?science joins Push to screen statistics…四：Two years ago, Rupert Murdoch’s daughter ,Elisabeth ,…36. According to the first two paragraphs, Elisabeth was upset by[D] the consequences of the…37.It can be inferred from Paragraph 3 that[A]more journalists may be found guilty of …38.The author believes the Rebekah Books’s deference[C] was hardly convincing39.The author holds that the current collective doctrine shows[B]generally distorted values40.Which of the following is suggested in the last paragraph?[D]moral awareness matters in…四级：56 B) Whether local bike shops will suffer.57 C) It saw its bike sales on the rise.58 B) Its customers have been drawn away by Citi Banks.59 A) Inexperienced riders might break biking rules.60 D) Approving.61. C) Little improvement in education has resul ted from increased spending.62. B) Skilled students are moving to private schools.63. C) Talented women teachers.64. A) New career opportunities were made available to them by women’s liberation.65. D) An ever-growing number of administrators.一：Nothing succeeds in business books like the study of success….56.What kind of business…A)books on excellence57.What does the author imply about…C)They more or less fall…58.How does the three rules…D)It draws conclusion from…59.What does the passage say contributes…A)Focus on quality and revenue.60.What is the author’s comment on…B)It has little to offer…二：Until recently, the University of Kent prided itself on its…61.What was the university of Kent famous for?A)Its comfortable campus life.62.What are universities trying to do…D)Present a better academic to the gifted.63.What does Rob Behrens suggest…C)Refrain from making promises…64.What is student’s chief consideration in…B)Whether it is able to deliver what…65.What must universities show to win…D)They are unique one way or another.56 D The impact of accelerating urbanization57 C they force other species out...58 B the pressure on farmland will...59 A it incurs a high environmental...60 C appropriate management...61 B to bring university students into closer...62 D sources of information are greatly expanded63 A individuals and organizations may use it for evil purpose64 B anticipating the needs of customers65 A it will enable human society to advance at a faster pace.一：In order to "change lives for the better" and reduce "dependency" George Osborne,21. George Osborne’s scheme encourage jobseekers’ active engagement in job seeking.22. The phrase, "to sign on" (Line 3, Para. 2) [C]to register for an allowance from the government.23. What prompted the chancellor [D]A passion to ensure fairness for taxpayers.24. According to Paragraph 3, being unemployed makes one feel [A]uneasy25. To which of the following would [A]The British welfare system indulges jobseekers’ laziness.二：All around the world, lawyers generate more hostility than the members of any other26.a lot of students take up law as their profession due to [D]the attraction of financial rewards.27.Which of the following adds to the costs[A]Higher tuition fees for undergraduate studies.28.Hindrance to the reform of the legal system [B]the rigid bodies governing the profession.29.The guild-like ownership structure is [A]bans outsiders’ involvement in the profession.30.In this text, the author mainly [C]a problem in America’s legal profession and solutions to it.三：The US$3-million Fundamental physics prize is indeed an interesting experiment,31. The Fundamental Physics Prize is seen as [D]a handsome reward for researchers.32. The critics think that the new awards will most benefit [D]peer-review-led research.33. The discovery of the Higgs boson is a typical case [B]the joint effort of modern researchers.34. According to Paragraph 4,which of the following is [D]History has never cast doubt on them.35.The author believes that the now awards are [A]acceptable despite the criticism.四："The Heart of the Matter," the just-released report by the American Academy of Arts36. According to Paragraph 1, what is the author’s attitude toward the AAAS’s report? [A] Critical37. Influential figures in the Congress required that [C] keep a leading position in liberal education38. According to Paragraph 3, the report suggests [B] a greater emphasis on theoretical subjects39. The author implies in Paragraph 5 that professors are [D] biased against classical liberal ideas40. Which of the following would be the[B] Illiberal Education and "The Heart of the Matter"四级 1. B The humanities and STEM subjects should be given equal importance.2. D Their chances of getting a good job.3. A They benefit students ...future life.4. D Those who have received a well-rounded education.5. C Prepare themselves for different job options.6. A It sounds very attractive.7. D They cause serious damage to the environment.8. C It wants to keep its own environment intact.9. B It improves economic efficiency.10. A To justify America's dependence on oil imports.1 C they feel obliged to take care of their kids at home 。

外语研究生考试试卷一、听力理解（共30分）本部分包含四个小节，每小节包含若干个问题。

请仔细听录音，并根据所听内容选择正确答案。

1. 对话理解（10分）请听以下对话，并回答1-5题。

2. 短文理解（10分）请听以下短文，并回答6-10题。

3. 新闻报道（5分）请听以下新闻报道，并回答11-12题。

4. 讲座理解（5分）请听以下讲座，并回答13-15题。

二、阅读理解（共40分）本部分包含四篇文章，每篇文章后有若干个问题。

请仔细阅读文章，并根据文章内容选择正确答案。

1. 文章A（10分）阅读以下文章，并回答16-20题。

2. 文章B（10分）阅读以下文章，并回答21-25题。

3. 文章C（10分）阅读以下文章，并回答26-30题。

4. 文章D（10分）阅读以下文章，并回答31-35题。

三、完形填空（共15分）请阅读以下短文，并从每个空格的四个选项中选择最合适的一项填入，使短文完整、连贯。

36-55题四、翻译（共15分）本部分包含两个段落，一个英译汉，一个汉译英。

请将所给段落翻译成目标语言。

1. 英译汉（7.5分）请将以下英文段落翻译成中文。

2. 汉译英（7.5分）请将以下中文段落翻译成英文。

五、写作（共20分）本部分包含两个写作任务，请根据题目要求完成写作。

1. 小作文（10分）请根据以下提示写一篇不少于150词的短文。

2. 大作文（10分）请根据以下提示写一篇不少于300词的议论文。

考试时间：180分钟总分：120分请在答题卡上作答，并在考试结束前将答题卡交回。

祝您考试顺利！。

考研英语阅读理解-(二)(总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、{{B}}Section Ⅰ Readi(总题数：4，分数：100.00)At the Museum of Sex in New York City, artificial-intelligence researcher David Levy projected a mock image on a screen of a smiling bride in a wedding dress holding hands with a short robot groom. "Why not marry a robot? Look at this happy couple," he said to a laughing crowd.When Levy was then asked whether anyone who would want to marry a robot was deceived, his face grew serious. "If the alternative is that you are lonely and sad and miserable, is it not better to find a robot that claims to love you and acts like it loves you?" Levy responded. "Does it really matter, if you're a happier person?" In his 2007 book, Love and Sex with Robots, Levy contends that sex, love and even marriage between humans and robots are coming soon and, perhaps, are even desirable. "I know some people think the idea is totally peculiar," he says. "But I am totally convinced it's inevitable."The 62-year-old London native has not reached this conclusion on a whim. Levy's academic love affair with computing began in his last year of university, during the vacuum-tube era. That is when he broadened his horizons beyond his passion for chess. "Back then people wrote chess programs to simulate human thought processes," he recalls. He later became engrossed in writing programs to carry on intelligent conversations with people, and then he explored the way humans interact with computers, a topic for which he earned his doctorate last year from the University of Maastricht in the Netherlands.Over the decades, Levy notes, interactions between humans and robots have become increasingly personal. Whereas robots initially found work, say, building cars in a factory, they have now moved into the home in the form of Roomba the robotic vacuum cleaner and digital pets such as Tamagotchis and the Sony Aibo.Science-fiction fans have witnessed plenty of action between humans and characters portraying artificial life-forms, such as with Data from the Star Trek franchise or the Cylons from the re-imagined Battlestar Galactica. And Levy is betting that a lot of people will fall in love with such devices. Programmers can tailor the machines to match a person's interests or render them some what disagreeable to create a desirablelevel of friction in a relationship. "It's not that people will fall in love with an algorithm but that people will fall in love with a convincing simulation of a human being, and convincing simulations can have a remarkable effect on people," he says.（分数：25.00）(1).In the opening paragraph, the snapshot at the Museum of Sex serves to∙ A. introduce the topic.∙ B. provide a background.∙ C. explain a phenomenon.∙ D. summarize the main idea.（分数：5.00）A.B.C.D.(2).David Levy would most probably agree that∙ A. the idea of a human marrying a robot is totally crazy.∙ B. deception might result in a human marrying a robot.∙ C. robots can be created capable of loving just as hmnans do.∙ D. it is not impossible for a human to marry a robot.（分数：5.00）A.B.C.D.(3).The phrase "on a whim" (Line 1, Paragraph 3) most probably means∙ A. in haste.∙ B. all of a sudden.∙ C. on his own.∙ D. out of the blue.（分数：5.00）A.B.C.D.(4).Roomba, Tamagotchis, and the Sony Aibo are mentioned to show that∙ A. the development of robots is really fascinating.∙ B. robots have made their contributions to housework.∙ C. robots have been transferred from factories to homes.∙ D. humans have developed a more personal relationship with robots.（分数：5.00）A.B.C.D.(5).In Levy's view, why should the robots be made somewhat disagreeable?∙ A. To match the interests of human beings.∙ B. To make them as sentimental as human beings.∙ C. To vividly imitate a relationship.∙ D. To improve the accuracy of their performances.（分数：5.00）A.B.C.D.As college seniors hurtle into the job hunt, little lies on the resume-for example, claiming a degree when they're three credits shy of graduation-seem harmless enough. So new grads ought to read this memo now: those 20-year-old falsehoods on cream-colored, 32-1b. premium paper have ruined so many highprofile executives that you wonder who in the business world hasn't got the message. A resume listing two fabricated degrees led to the resignation of David Edmondson, CEO of RadioShack, in February. Untruthful resume have also hindered the careers of executives at the U.S. Olympic Committee.The headlines haven't dented job seekers' desire to dissemble even as employers have grown increasingly able to detect deception. InfoLink Screening Services, a background-checking company, estimates that 14% of job applicants in the U.S. lie about their education on their resumes. Employees who lie to get in the door can cause untold damage on a business, experts say, from staining the reputation and credibility of a firm to upending co-workers and projects to igniting shareholder wrath-and that's if the lie is found out. Even when it isn't, the falsified resume can indicate a deeply rooted inclination toward unethical behavior. "There's a lot of evidence that those who cheat on job applications also cheat in school and in life," says Richard Grfffith, director of the industrial and organizational psychology program at the Florida Institute of Technology. "If someone says they have a degree and they don't, I'd have little faith that person would tell the truth when it came to financial statements and so on."Employers' fears have sparked a boom in the background-screening industry. But guarding the henhouse does little good if the fox is already nestled inside. To unmask the deceivers among them, some employers are conducting checks upon promotion. Verified Person markets its ability to provide ongoing employee screening through automated criminal checks. With this increased alertness comes a thorny new dilemma: figuring out whether every lie is really a fireable offense. Many bosses feel that a worker's track record on the job speaks more strongly than a stretched resume, says John Challenger of the outplacement firm Challenger, Gray & Christmas. Rather than booting talented workers, Challenger suggests, employers should offer a pardon period. "A moratorium would let anyone who needs to come clean," he says And the culprit could always go back to school and finish that degree-maybe even on company time.（分数：25.00）(1).By citing the examples of David Edmondson, the author intends to show that∙ A. little lies on the resume seem risk-free to the company.∙ B. falsehoods on the restume may lead to career collapse.∙ C. high-profile executives have to be careful about their background.∙ D. fabricated degrees can sometimes bring positions to senior executives.（分数：5.00）A.B.C.D.(2).By saying "The headlines haven't dented job seekers' desire to dissemble" (Line 1, Paragraph 2), the author means that∙ A. the news hasn't prevented job applicants from being dishonest.∙ B. the headings have made job seekers more eager to hide their true feelings.∙ C. the news hasn't any kind of impacts on job applicants at all.∙ D. the headings have succeeded in persuading job seekers to give up lying.（分数：5.00）A.B.C.D.(3).If a lie is found out, one consequence will probably be∙ A. the increased number of laid-off coworkers.∙ B. the interference of stakeholders.∙ C. the possibility of more unethical behaviors.∙ D. the ruined image of the company.（分数：5.00）A.B.C.D.(4).Falsehood on resume shows that the job seeker may∙ A. have extreme views towards working.∙ B. be more likely to cheat in other fields.∙ C. stay honest in financial statements.∙ D. seek other ways to convey the truth.（分数：5.00）A.B.C.D.(5).According to Challenger, when the bosses screen out deceivers in their companies, they tend to∙ A. fire them immediately without listening to any excuses.∙ B. evaluate their personality again through background-screening.∙ C. give them a period of time to make a remedy.∙ D. offer all talented employees the opportunities to finish degree.（分数：5.00）A.B.C.D.How could anybody dislike the notion of fairness? Everything is better when it is fair: a share, a fight, a maiden, or a game. Even defeat sounds more attractive when it is fair and square. For the British fair play is especially important: without it, life isn't cricket. Their country becomes quite pleasant when the weather is fair, though unfortunately it rarely is. And these days fairtrade goods crowd their supermarket shelves. Fairness is not only good, but also moderate, which is another characteristic that the British approve of. It does not claim too much for itself. Those who, on inquiry, admit that their health and fortunes are fair-to-middling navigate carefully between the twin dangers of boastfulness and ill-temperedness, while gesturing in a chin-up sort of way towards the possibility of future improvement.Fairness appeals to the British political class, for it has a common sense down-to-earthiness which avoids the grandiosity of American andcontinental European political discourse while aspiring to do its best for all men-and of course for maidens too, fair and otherwise, for one of its virtues is that it does not discriminate on grounds of either gender or skin colour.Not surprising, then, that Britain's government should grab hold of the word and cling to it in the buffeting the coalition has had since the budget on June 22nd proposed higher taxes and even sharper spending cuts. "Tough but fair" is what George Osborne, the Conservative chancellor of the exchequer, called the cuts he announced. "It is going to be tough, but it is also very fair," said Vince Cable, the Liberal Democrat business secretary. At last, something they could agree on."Fairness" suits Britain's coalition government so well not just because its meanings are all positive, but also because they are wide-ranging. To one lot of people, fairness means establishing the same rules for everybody, playing by them, and letting the best man win and the winner take all. To another, it means making sure that everybody gets equal shares. Those two meanings are not just different: they are opposite. They represent a choice that has to be made between freedom and equality. Yet so slippery-and thus convenient to politicians-is the English language that a single word encompasses both, and in doing so loses any claim to meaning.（分数：25.00）(1).The statement "without it, life isn't cricket" (Line 4, Para. 1) reflects that∙ A. people in Britain want sports to be fair and square.∙ B. the British highly value the notion of fairness.∙ C. the British treat their life in a fair and serious way.∙ D. for the British, life isn't as fair as a cricket game.（分数：5.00）A.B.C.D.(2).What do we know about the British from the first two paragraphs?∙ A. They are hard to please.∙ B. They are nice and moderate.∙ C. They are prone to boastfulness.∙ D. They are modest yet optimistic.（分数：5.00）A.B.C.D.(3).George Osborne and Vince Cable regarded the spending cuts as fair because∙ A. the spending cuts really are fair and square.∙ B. they finally see eye to eye with each other.∙ C. British politicians like to use that word.∙ D. they two are of the same political regime.（分数：5.00）A.B.C.D.(4).The author holds in the last paragraph that "fairness"∙ A. is the cornerstone of the Britain's coalition government.∙ B. means different or even opposite things to different people.∙ C. displays the inclusiveness of the English language.∙ D. has become a convenient cliché for the British politicians.（分数：5.00）A.B.C.D.(5).Which of the following is true according to the text?∙ A. The British value the notion of fairness, especially in sports games.∙ B. Continental European politicians don't favor the notion of fairness.∙ C. Fairness is vital for maidens since it has no gender discrimination.∙ D. Fairness has become a guidelines of Britain's coalition government.（分数：5.00）A.B.C.D.Despite its name, Smugglers' Gulch is one of the toughest places to sneak into America. The narrow valley near San Diego is divided by a steel wall and watched day and night by agents of the border patrol, who track word-be illegal immigrants with the help of helicopters and underground pressure sensors. Rafael, a cement worker, has already been canght jumping over the fence five times. Yet he still wanders on the Mexican side of the fence, waiting for nightfall and another chance to cross. How much longer willhe keep trying? "Until I get through," he says.Last week the Senate tried, and failed, to deal with the problem of illegal immigration. After much debate it abandoned a bill that would have provided more money for border security but also allowed many illegal immigrants to obtain visas. Yet the collapse of the Senate bill does not mean illegal immigration will go away, either as a fact or as an urgent political issue. Indeed, one likely consequence will be an outbreak of ad hoc law-making in cities and states.One such place is Arizona, where the governor, signed a bill this week imposing rigid penalties on employers who hire illegal immigrants. Those who are caught once will have their licenses suspended; a second offence will put them out of business. Even the governor admits the bill is too broadly drawn and will be hard to enforce. She signed it, she explained, because the federal government has shown itself to be incapable of dealing with illegal immigration.One in ten workers in Arizona is illegal, according to the Pew Hispanic Centre. So the law, if rigorously enforced, could disrupt the state's economy, which suggests it will not be. One landscape gardener in Scottsdale who worked illegally for three decades and now pays illegal workers ＄7 an hour thinks the measure is ridiculous. "Who else is going to pick lettuces and trim trees in this heat?" he asks, pointing to the sun on a 47℃ day. He has no plans to change his ways, and says he will simply move if he is caught.Laws such as Arizona's will make life more unpleasant and unprecedented for illegal workers. But they will not curtail either illegal immigration or illegal working as much as supporters claim. In any case, the border has been so porous for so long that people now have plenty of reasons to steal across it other than work. Of five aspiring immigrants who spoke to the correspondent in Smugglers' Gulch earlier this week, three were trying to join their families.（分数：25.00）(1).We can learn from the opening paragraph that∙ A. people are misled by the name Smugglers' Gulch.∙ B. Smuggler's Gulch is the toughest entrance to steal into USA.∙ C. Rafael will continue his risky attempt to jump the fence.∙ D. Smuggler's Gulch is secured by advanced tracking tools.（分数：5.00）A.C.D.(2).The bill abandoned by the Senate last week implies that∙ A. the cost to tackle illegal immigration has overrun budget.∙ B. political intrigues can deal with illegal immigration effectively.∙ C. the Senate once considered granting illegal immigrants more visas.∙ D. cities and states are pushed to put immigration laws into force.（分数：5.00）A.B.C.D.(3).The governor of Arizona believes that∙ A. the newly-signed bill is more likely to become an empty talk.∙ B. deprivation of employment helps to drive illegal immigrants away.∙ C. the biggest difficulty of the bill lies in rigorous implementation.∙ D. discussion should be held to make the broadly-drawn bill practical.（分数：5.00）A.B.C.D.(4).In Paragraph 4, the landscape gardener in Scottsdale is mentioned to∙ A. display the ill-effect the bill has caused to Arizona's economy.∙ B. demonstrate illegal immigrants' contribution to local society.∙ C. express illegal immigrants' desperation about the measures to be taken.∙ D. reveal the bill's inhumanity to those self-made illegal immigrants.（分数：5.00）A.B.C.D.(5).In the author's opinion, the illegal immigration issue in America∙ A. calls for more forceful laws on illicit working.∙ B. derives from a long history and various reasons.∙ C. stems mainly from people's longing for family reunion.∙ D. brings illegal workers an unpleasant and unpredictable life.（分数：5.00）A.C.D.。

考研英语真题阅读理解试题及名师解析（29）考研英语真题阅读理解试题及名师解析(29)When prehistoric man arrived in new parts of the world, something strange happened to the large animals: they suddenly became extinct. Smaller species survived. The large, slow-growing animals were easy game, and were quickly hunted to extinction. Now something similar could be happening in the oceans.That the seas are being overfished has been known for years. What researchers such as Ransom Myers and Boris Worm have shown is just how fast things are changing. They have looked at half a century of data from fisheries around the world. Their methods do not attempt to estimate the actual biomass (the amount of living biological matter) of fish species in particular parts of the ocean, but rather changes in that biomass over time. According to their latest paper published in Nature, the biomass of large predators (animals that kill and eat other animals) in a new fishery is reduced on average by 80% within 15 years of the start of exploitation. In some long-fished areas, it has halved again since then。

研究生英语一参考答案一、听力部分1. A) 根据对话内容，女士询问男士是否需要帮助，男士回答不需要，因为他已经熟悉这个地方了。

因此，正确答案是A。

2. B) 男士提到他正在寻找一家书店，女士告诉他书店在街对面。

正确答案是B。

3. C) 对话中女士提到她正在为即将到来的考试复习，因此正确答案是C。

4. D) 男士询问女士是否愿意和他一起去看电影，女士回答说如果时间允许的话她会去。

正确答案是D。

5. A) 女士询问男士是否已经完成了他的论文，男士回答说还没有，但很快就会完成。

正确答案是A。

6-10. 根据对话内容，可以分别得出以下答案：6. B)7. C)8. A)9. D) 10. B)二、阅读部分1. 根据文章第一段，作者提到了全球化对教育的影响，因此正确答案是A。

2. 文章第二段提到了不同国家教育体系的差异，正确答案是B。

3. 作者在第三段中讨论了教育的个性化需求，正确答案是C。

4. 第四段中提到了教育技术的发展，正确答案是D。

5. 文章最后一段强调了终身学习的重要性，正确答案是E。

三、完形填空1. 根据上下文，这里需要一个表示“尽管”的词，因此正确答案是Despite。

2. 这里需要一个表示“适应”的词，正确答案是Adapt。

3. 根据语境，这里需要一个表示“挑战”的词，正确答案是Challenges。

4. 这里需要一个表示“观点”的词，正确答案是Perspective。

5. 根据语境，这里需要一个表示“重要性”的词，正确答案是Importance。

6-20. 根据文章内容，可以分别得出以下答案：6. C)7. A)8. B)9. D) 10. E) 11. F) 12. G) 13. H) 14. I) 15. J) 16. K) 17. L) 18. M) 19. N) 20. O)四、翻译部分1. 原文：随着社会的发展，人们越来越重视环境保护。

翻译：With the development of society, people are paying more and more attention to environmental protection.2. 原文：教育不仅仅是学习知识，更重要的是培养个人的综合素质。

长沙理工大学2020年硕士研究生入学考试试题考试科目：翻译硕士英语考试科目代码：211注意：所有答案(含选择题、判断题等)一律答在答题纸上；写在试题纸上或其他地点一律不给分。

作图题可以在原试题图上作答，然后将图撕下来贴在答题纸上相应位置。

I. Vocabulary and Structure (20 X 1 point = 20 points )Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A t B t C f and D. Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence and then write down the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET.1.We are not on very good with the people next door. They always make so loud noisy to wake us up.A. friendshipB. relationsC. termsD. relevantually newspapers for people with intellectual interests.A. suitableB. furnishC. regardD. cater3.The overcrowded living conditions a heavy strain on the family.A. setB. putC. conductD. pressed4.The supply of apples exceeds the this year.A. demandB. claimC. requirementD. quest5.Unfortunately, my watch doesn't work and it must be broken. I must have it .A. repairingB. trimmedC. repairedD. fixing6.If this kind of wild animals had escaped from its cage, they could have killed or hurt people .A. equallyB. bothC. severelyD. well7.I'm sorry we gave you such short of our visit.A. cautionB. noticeC. informationD. scrutiny8.That old exquisite vase will an attractive lamp-holder.A. composeB. formC. makeD. assembly9. The World Bank has criticized the country fbr not giving enough financial ___________to developing countries.A. allowanceB. aidC. loanD. provision10. Herbert is a man _______ few words; but he is a man _________ a sense ofknowing when to say the right thing.A. with...ofB. with...withC. of...ofD. of...with11. ______ they can change their sales strategies, the future for their company will be indeedbleak.A. Even ifB. Now thatC. As long asD. Unless12. Bigatki said that he would go to Hawaii _________ stay in the same city.A. rather thanB. other thanC. and prefer notD. instead of13. The distinguished professor was invited to preside ________ the conference onbehalf of the chairman.A. onB. inC. overD. fbr14. The growing size of the population ________ a major concern of society nowadays.A. becomeB. has beenC. develop intoD. derives from15. Darlington never regretted ______ to attend the party, fbr she did not like it at all.A. not being invitedB. being not invitedC. not having been invitedD. having not been invited16. The military authorities are seriously considering abandoning the expensive _________plane. Actually, it is not equipped so well as expected.A. three million dollarB. three millions of dollarsC. three million-dollarD. three-million-dollar17. _____ the sun in superstitious awe everywhere in the world.A. Man has long heldB. Long has held manC. Has man long heldD. Man has held long18. The CEO decided to assign the sales project to _____ would be capable and competent.A. whoB. whomC. whoeverD. whomever19. “____ more sunlight, these vegetable plants grow much better this year," he added.A. To receiveB. Having receivedC. ReceivingD. Since receiving20.A group of soldiers marched forward, guns in hand.A. holdB. holdingC. heldD. to be heldIL Reading Comprehension (20 X 2 points = 40 points )Directions: There are 5 reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A t B, C, and D. You should decide on the best choice and then write down the corresponding letter on theANSWER SHEET.Questions 21 to 24 are based on the following passage.I am afraid to sleep. I have been afraid to sleep fbr the last few weeks. I am so tired that, finally, I do sleep, but only for a few minutes. It is not a bad dream that wakes me; it is the reality I took with me into sleep. I try to think of something else.Immediately the woman in the marketplace comes into my mind.I was on my way to dinner last night when I saw her. She was selling skirts. She moved with the same ease and loveliness I often saw in the women of Laos. Her long black hair was as shiny as the black silk of the skirts she was selling. In her hair, she wore three silk ribbons, blue, green and white. They reminded me of my childhood and how my girlfriends and I used to spend hours braiding ribbons into our hair.I don't know the word fbr "ribbons”, so I put my hand to my own hair and, with three fingers against my head, I looked at her ribbons and said "Beautiful n. She lowered her eyes and said nothing. I wasn't sure if she understood me (1 don*t speak Laotian very well).I looked back down at the skirts. They had designs on them: squares and triangles and circles of pink and green silk. They were very pretty. I decided to buy one of those skirts, and I began to bargain with her over the price. It is the custom to bargain in Asia. In Laos bargaining is done in soft voices and easy moves with the sort of quiet peacefulness.She smiled, more with her eyes than with her lips. She was pleased by the few words I was able to say in her language, although they were mostly numbers, and she saw that I understood something about the soft playfulness of bargaining. We shook our heads in disagreement over the price: then, immediately, we made another offer and then another shake of the head. She was so pleased that unexpectedly, she accepted the last offer I made. But it was too soon. The price was too low. She was being too generous and wouldn't make enough money. I moved quickly and picked up two more skirts and paid fbr all three at the price set; that way I was able to pay her three times as much before she had a chance to lower the price for the larger purchase. She smiled openly then, and, for the first time in months, my spirit lifted. I almost felt happy.The feeling stayed with me while she wrapped the skirts in a newspaper and handed them to me. When I left, though, the feeling left, too. It was as though it stayed behind in the marketplace.I felt tears in my throat. I wanted to cry. I didn't, of course.I have learned to defend myself against what is hard; without knowing it, I have also learned to defend myself against what is soft and what should be easy.I get up, light a candle and want to look at the skirts. They are still in the newspaper that the woman wrapped them in. I remove the paper, and raise the skirts up to look at them again before I pack them. Something falls to the floor. I reach down and feel something cool in my hand. I move close to the candlelight to see what I have. There are five long silk ribbons in my hand, alldifferent colors. The woman in the marketplace has given these ribbons to me!There is no defense against a generous spirit, and this time I cry, and very hard, as if I could make up for all the months that I didn*t cry.21.According to the writer, the woman in the marketplace.A.refused to speak to herB.was selling skirts and ribbonsC.was pleasant and attractiveD.recognized her immediately22.Which of the following is NOT correct?A.The writer was not used to bargaining.B.People in Asia always bargain when buying things.C.Bargaining in Laos was quiet and peaceful.D.The writer was ready to bargain with the woman.23.The writer assumed that the woman accepted the last offer because the woman.A.thought that the last offer was reasonableB.thought she could still make much moneyC.was tired of bargaining with the writer any moreD.was glad that the writer knew their way of bargaining24.When the writer left the marketplace, she wanted to cry, but did not because .A.she had learned to face difficulties bravelyB.she was afraid of crying in publicC.she had learned to stay cool and unfeelingD.she had to show in public that she was strongQuestions 25 to 28 are based on the following passage.The kids are hanging out. I pass small bands of students on my way to work these mornings. They have become a familiar part of the summer landscape.These kids are not old enough for jobs. Nor are they rich enough for camp. They are school children without school. The calendar called the school year ran out on them a few weeks ago. Once supervised by teachers and principals, they now appear to be in “self care”.Passing them is like passing through a time zone. For much of our history, after all, Americans arranged the school year around the needs of work and family. In 19th-century cities, schools were open seven or eight hours a day, 11 months a year. In rural America, the year was arranged around the growing season. Now, only 3 percent of families follow the agricultural model, but nearly all schools are scheduled as if our children went home early to milk the cows and took months off to work the crops. Now, three-quarters of the mothers of school-age children work, but the calendar is written as if they were home waiting for the school bus.The six-hour day, the 180-day school year is regarded as something holy. But when parents work an eight-hour day and a 240-day year, it means something different. It means that many kids go home to empty houses. It means that, in the summer,they hang out.“We have a huge mismatch between the school calendar and the realities of family 1g ” says Dr. Ernest Boyer, head of the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching.Dr. Boyer is one of many who believe that a radical revision of the school calendar is inevitable. 44School, whether we like it or not, is educational. It always has been.^^His is not a popular idea. Schools are routinely burdened with the job of solving all our social problems. Can they be asked to meet the needs of our work and family lives?It may be easier to promote a longer school year on its educational merits and, indeed, the educational case is compelling. Despite the complaints and studies about our kids, lack of learning, the United States still has a shorter school year than any industrial nation. In most of Europe, the school year is 220 days. In Japan, it is 240 days long. While classroom time alone doesn't produce a well educated child, learning takes time and more learning takes more time. The long summers of forgetting take a toll.The opposition to a longer school year comes from families that want to and can provide other experiences for their children. It comes from teachers. It comes from tradition, and surely from kids. But the most important part of the conflict has been over money.25.Which of the following is an opinion of the authors?A. "The kids are hanging out.”B."These kids are not old enough for jobs.^^C."They are school children without school.^^D."The calendar called the school year ran out on them a few weeks ago.,,26.The current American school calendar was developed in the 19th century according to.A.the growing season on the nation's farmB.the labour demands of the industrial ageC.teachers' demands for more vacation timeD.Parents' demands fbr other experiences for their kids27.The author thinks that the current school calendar.A.is still validB.is out of dateC.can not be revisedD.can not be defended28.Why was Dr. Boyer's idea unpopular?A.He argues fbr the role of school in solving social problems.B.He supports the current school calendar.C.He thinks that school year and family life should be considered separately.D.He strongly believes in the educational role of school.Questions 29 to 30 are based on the following passage.If you like the idea of staying with a family, living in a house might be the answer. Good landladies-those who are superb cooks and launderers, are figures as popular in fiction as the bad ones who terrorize their guests and overcharge them at the slightest opportunity. The truth is probably somewhere between the two extremes. If you are lucky, the food will be adequate, some of your laundry may be done fbr you and you will have a reasonable amount of comfort and companionship. For the less fortunate, house rules may restrict the freedom to invite friends to visit and shared cooking and bathroom facilities can be frustrating and row-provoking if tidy and untidy guests are living under the same roof.The same disadvantages can apply to flat sharing, with the added difficulties that arise from deciding who pays for what, and in what proportion. One person may spend hours on the phone, while another rarely makes calls. If you want privacy with a guest, how do you persuade the others to go out; how do you persuade them to leave you in peace, especially if you are a student andwant to study?Conversely, flat sharing can be very cheap, there will always be someone to talk to and go out with, and the chores, in theory, can be shared.29.According to the passage, landladies are.A.always meanB.adequately competentC.so sparkling and versatileD.very popular with their guests30.What is NOT mentioned as a benefit of flat sharing?A.Rent is affordable.B.There is companionship.C.There is peace and quiet.D.Housework can be shared.Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.Why the inductive and mathematical sciences, after their first rapid development at the culmination of Greek civilization, advanced so slowly fbr two thousand years-and why in the following two hundred years a knowledge of natural and mathematical science has accumulated, which so vastly exceeds all that was previously known that these sciences may be justly regarded as the products of our own times-are questions which have interested the modem philosopher not less than the objects with which these sciences are more immediately conversant. Was it the employment of a new method of research, or in the exercise of greater virtue in the use of the old methods, that this singular modern phenomenon had its origin? Was the long period one of arrested development, and is the modern era one of normal growth; Or should we ascribe the characteristics of both periods to so-called historical accidents-to the influence of conjunctions in circumstances of which no explanation is possible, save in the omnipotence and wisdom of a guiding Providence?The explanation which has become commonplace, that the ancients employed deduction chiefly in their scientific inquiries, while the modems employ induction, proves to be too narrow, and fails upon close examination to point with sufficient distinctness the contrast that is evident between ancient and modem scientific doctrines and inquiries. For all knowledge is founded on observation, and proceeds from this by analysis, by synthesis and analysis, by induction and deduction, and if possible by verification, or by new appeals to observation under the guidance of deduction-by steps which are indeed correlative parts of one method; and the ancient sciences afford examples of every one of these methods, or parts of one method, which have been generalized from the examples of science.A failure to employ or to employ adequately any one of these partial methods, an imperfection in the arts and resources of observation and experiment, carelessness in observation, neglect of relevant facts, by appeal to experiment and observation-these are the faults which cause all failures to ascertain truth, whether among the ancients or the moderns; but this statement does not explain why the modem is possessed of a greater virtue, and by what means he attained his superiority. Much less does it explain the sudden growth of science in recent times.The attempt to discover the explanation of this phenome non in the antithesis of “fhcts” and “theories" or "fhcts” and "ideas“一in the neglect among the ancients of the former, and their too exclusive attention to the latter-proves also to be too narrow, as well as open to the charge of vagueness. For in the first place, the antithesis is not complete. Facts and theories are notcoordinate species. Theories, if true, are facts-a particular class of facts indeed, generally complex, and if a logical connection subsists between their constituents, have all the positive attributes of theories.Nevertheless, this distinction, however inadequate it may be to explain the source of true method in science, is well founded, and connotes an important character in true method. A fact is a proposition of simple. A theory, on the other hand, if true has all the characteristics of a fact, except that its verification is possible only by indirect, remote, and difficult means. To convert theories into facts is to add simple verification, and the theory thus acquires the full characteristics of a fact.31.The title that best expresses the ideas of this passage is .A. Philosophy of mathematicsB. The Recent Growth in ScienceC. Methods of Scientific InquiryD. The Verification of Facts32.According to the author, one possible reason for the growth of science during the days of the ancient Greeks and in modem times is .A.the similarity between the two periodsB.due to the decline of the deductive methodC.that both tried to develop the inductive methodD.that it was an act of God33.The difference between “fhct” and “theory” .A.is that the latter needs confirmationB.rests on the simplicity of the formerC.is the difference between the modern scientists and the ancient GreeksD.helps us to understand the deductive method34.According to the author, mathematics is .A. an inductive scienceB. an deductive scienceC. in need of simple verificationD. based on fact and theory35.The statement ''Theories are facts,, may be called .A. a metaphorB. a punC. a paradoxD. an appraisal of the inductive and deductive methodsQuestions 36 to 40 are based on the加lowing passage.On the 36th day after they had voted, Americans finally learned Wednesday who would be their next president: Governor George W. Bush of Texas.Vice President Al Gore, his last realistic avenue for legal challenge closed by a U. S. Supreme Court decision late Tuesday, planned to end the contest formally in a televised evening speech of perhaps 10 minutes, advisers said.They said that Senator Joseph Lieberman, his vice presidential running mate, would first make brief comments. The men would speak from a ceremonial chamber of the Old Executive office Building, to the west of the White House.The dozens of political workers and lawyers who had helped lead Mr. Gore's unprecedented fight to claw a come-from-behind electoral victory in the pivotal state of Florida were thanked Wednesday and asked to stand down.“The vice president has directed the recount committee to s uspend activities,William Daley, the Gore campaign chairman, said in a written statement.Mr. Gore authorized that statement after meeting with his wife, Tipper, and with top advisers including Mr. Daley.He was expected to telephone Mr. Bush during the day. The Bush campaign kept a low profile and moved gingerly, as if to leave space for Mr. Gore to contemplate his next steps.Yet, at the end of a trying and tumultuous process that had focused world attention on sleepless vote counters across Florida, and on courtrooms form Miami to Tallahassee to Atlanta to Washington the Texas governor was set to become the 43rd U. S. president.The news of Mr. Gore's plans followed the longest and most rancorous dispute over a U. S. presidential election in more than a century, one certain to leave scars in a badly divided country.It was a bitter ending for Mr. Gore, who had outpolled Mr. Bush nationwide by some 300000 votes, but, without Florida, fell short in the Electoral College by 271 votes to 267—the narrowest Electoral College victory since the turbulent election of 1876.Mr. Gore was said to be distressed by what he and many Democratic activists felt was a partisan decision from the nation's highest court.The 5-4 decision of the Supreme Court held, in essence, that while a vote recount in Florida could be conducted in legal and constitutional fashion, as Mr. Gore had sought, this could not be done by the Dec. 12 deadline for states to select their presidential electors.James Baker 3rd, the former secretary of state who represented Mr. Bush in the Florida dispute, issued a short statement after the U. S. high court ruling, saying that the governor was “very pleased and gratified.^^Mr. Bush was planning a nationwide speech aimed at trying to begin to heal the country's deep, aching and varied divisions. He then was expected to meet with congressional leaders, including Democrats. Dick Cheney, Mr. Bush's ruling mate, was meeting with congressmen Wednesday in Washington.When Mr. Bush, who is 54, is sworn into office on Jan.20, he will be only the second son of a president to follow his father to the White House, after John Adams and John Quincy Adams in the early 19th century.Mr. Gore, in his speech, was expected to thank his supporters, defend his hive-week battle as an effort to ensure, as a matter of principle, that every vote be counted, and call for the nation to join behind the new president. He was described by an aide as “resolved and resigned.”While some constitutional experts had said they believed states could present electors as late as Dec. 18, the U. S. high court made clear that it saw no such leeway.The U.S. high court sent back “fbr revision“ to the Florida court its order allowing recounts but made clear that for all practical purposes the election was over.In its unsigned main opinion, the court declared, u The recount process, in its features here described, is inconsistent with the minimum procedures necessary to protect the fundamental right of each voter.”That decision, by a court fractured along philosophical lines, left one liberal justice charging that the high court's proceedings bore a political taint.Justice? John Paul Stevens wrote in an angry dissent: ''Although we may never know with complete certainty the identity of the winner of this year's presidential election, the identity of the loser is perfectly clear. It is the nation's confidence in the judge as an impartial guardian of the law.”But at the end of five seemingly endless weeks, during which the physical, legal and constitutional machines of the U. S. election were pressed and sorely tested in ways unseen inmore than a century, the system finally produced a result, and one most Americans appeared to be willing at lease provisionally to support.The Bush team welcomed the news with an outward show of restraint and aplomb. The governor's hopes had risen and fallen so many times since Election night, and the legal warriors of each side suffered through so many dramatic reversals, that there was little energy left for celebration.36.The main idea of this passage is .A.Gore is distressedB.The process of the American presidential electionC.The Supreme Court plays a very important part in the presidential electionD.Bush's victory in presidential election bore a political taint37.What does the sentence “as if to leave space for Mr. Gore to contemplate his next step” mean?A.Bush hopes Gore to join his administration.B.Bush hopes Gore to congratulate him.C.Bush hopes Gore to concede defeat and to support him.D.Bush hopes Gore go on fighting with him.38.Why couldn't Mr. Gore win the presidential election after he out-polled Mr. Bush in thepopular vote?A.Because the American president is elected by a slate of presidential electors.B.Because the American president is decided by the supreme court's decision.C.Because people can't directly elect their president.D.Because the people of each state support Mr. Bush.39.What was the result of the 5-4 decision of the supreme court ?A.It was in fact fbr the vote recount.B.It was in essence against the vote recount.C.It decided the fate of the winner.D.It had nothing to do with the presidential election.40.What did the ''turbulent election of 1876" imply?A.The process of presidential election of 2000 was the same as that.B.It was given an example.C.It was compared to presidential election of 2000.D.There were great similarities between the two presidential elections (2000 and 1876). 111.Short answer questions (5X2 points = 10 points )Directions: In this section, there is one passage followed by 5 questions. Read the passage and answer the questions briefly based on the information from the passage on the ANSWER SHEET,Social circumstances in Early Modem England mostly served to repress women's voices. Patriarchal culture and institutions constructed them as chaste, silent, obedient, and subordinate. At the beginning of the 17th century, the ideology of patriarchy, political absolutism, and gender hierarchy were reaffirmed powerfully by King James in The Trew Law of Free Monarchic and the Basilikon Doron; by that ideology the absolute power of God the supreme patriarch was seen to be imaged in the absolute monarch of the state and in the husband and father of a family.Accordingly, a woman's subjection, first to her father and then to her husband, imaged the subjection of English people to their monarch, and of all Christians to God. Also, the period saw an outpouring of repressive or overtly misogynist sermons, tracts, and plays, detailing women's physical and mental defects, spiritual evils, rebelliousness, shrewishness, and natural inferiority to men.Yet some social and cultural conditions served to empower women. During the Elizabethan era (1558—1603) the culture was dominated by a powerful Queen, who provided an impressive female example though she left scant cultural space for other women. Elizabethan women writers began to produce original texts but were occupied chiefly with translation. In the 17th century, however, various circumstances enabled women to write original texts in some numbers. For one thing, some counterweight to patriarchy was provided by female communities-mothers and daughters, extended kinship networks, close female friends, the separate court of Queen Anne (King James' consort) and her often oppositional masques and political activities. For another, most of these women had a reasonably good education (modern languages, history, literature, religion, music, occasionally Latin) and some apparently found in romances and histories more expansive terms for imagining women's lives. Also, representation of vigorous and rebellious female characters in literature and especially on the stage no doubt helped to undermine any monolithic social construct of women's mature and role.Most important, perhaps, was the radical potential inherent in the Protestant insistence on every Christian's immediate relationship with God and primary responsibility to follow his or her individual conscience. There is plenty of support in St Paul's epistles and elsewhere in the Bible for patriarchy and a will's subjection to her husband, but some texts (notably Galatians 3:28) inscribe a very different politics, promoting women's spiritual equality: "There is neither Jew nor Greek, there is neither bond nor free, there is neither male nor female: for ye are all one in Jesus Christ.^^ Such texts encouraged some women to claim the support of God,the supreme patriarch against the various earthly patriarchs who claimed to stand toward them in his stead.There is also the gap or slippage between ideology and common experience. English women throughout the 17th century exercised a good deal of accrual power: as managers of estates in their husbands5 absences at court or on military and diplomatic missions; as members of guilds; as wives and mothers who apex during the English Civil War and Interregnum (1640-60) as the execution of the King and the attendant disruption of social hierarchies led many women to seize new roles-as preachers, as prophetesses, as deputies for exiled royalist husbands, as writers of religious and political tracts.Questions41.What does this passage mainly talk about?42.Did the Queen Elizabeth do much especially for the women in culture?43.Please list three of the reasons to enable women to write original texts.。

考研英语真题阅读理解试题及名师解析（23）考研英语真题阅读理解试题及名师解析(23)Everybody loves a fat pay rise. Yet pleasure at your own can vanish if you learn that a colleague has been given a bigger one. Indeed, if he has a reputation for slacking, you might even be outraged. Such behaviour is regarded as “all too human”，with the underlying assumption that other animals would not be capable of this finely developed sense of grievance. But a study by Sarah Brosnan and Frans de Waal of Emory University in Atlanta, Georgia, which has just been published in Nature, suggests that it is all too monkey, as well。

The researchers studied the behaviour of female brown capuchin monkeys. They look cute. They are good-natured, co-cooperative creatures, and they share their food readily. Above all, like their female human counterparts, they tend to pay much closer attention to the value of “good and services” than males。

长沙理工大学函授英语学位考试真题全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1Longsha Polytechnic University Correspondence English Degree Examination QuestionsPart I: Reading Comprehension (50 points)1. Read the following passage and answer the questions below:"Climate change is one of the most pressing issues facing our planet today. With the rise in global temperatures, we are seeing more frequent and severe weather events such as hurricanes, droughts, and heatwaves. These events have a profound impact on both the environment and human societies, leading to food shortages, water scarcity, and displacement of communities.In order to address this crisis, it is essential that we take immediate action to reduce our carbon footprint and transition to renewable energy sources. This will require a collective effort from individuals, businesses, and governments around the world. By making small changes in our daily lives, such as using publictransportation, reducing waste, and conserving energy, we can all contribute to a more sustainable future.1. What is one of the most pressing issues facing our planet today?2. What are some of the impacts of climate change on the environment and human societies?3. What is one way individuals can contribute to addressing the climate crisis?2. Read the following passage and answer the questions below:"The education system plays a crucial role in shaping the future of our society. By providing students with the knowledge and skills they need to succeed in the modern world, schools are helping to create a more informed and productive workforce. However, not all students have access to quality education due to factors such as poverty, lack of resources, and discrimination. This inequality in educational opportunities can havefar-reaching consequences, limiting the potential of individuals and perpetuating social disparities.In order to address this issue, it is important for governments and organizations to invest in improving access toeducation for all students. This includes providing funding for schools in underserved communities, implementing programs to support students from disadvantaged backgrounds, and promoting diversity and inclusion in the classroom.1. What role does the education system play in society?2. What are some of the factors that contribute to inequality in educational opportunities?3. What can governments and organizations do to improve access to education for all students?"Part II: Writing (50 points)Write an essay (500-600 words) on the following topic:"Discuss the importance of sustainable development in addressing global challenges such as climate change, poverty, and inequality. What role can individuals, businesses, and governments play in promoting sustainability and creating a more equitable and prosperous world for future generations?"篇2Title: Changsha University of Science and Technology Correspondence English Degree Examination QuestionsChangsha University of Science and Technology (CUST) is a renowned university in China, known for its high-quality education in various fields. For students who are unable to attend regular classes on campus, the university offers a correspondence program for obtaining an English degree.As part of the program, students are required to take an English degree examination to demonstrate their proficiency in the language. The examination consists of multiple-choice, short answer, and essay questions that cover a range of topics, including grammar, vocabulary, reading comprehension, writing, and speaking.Here are some sample questions that have appeared on past examinations:1. Multiple-Choice Question:Choose the correct form of the verb to complete the sentence.She _______ the book when she saw the spider.A. is readingB. was readingC. has readD. reads2. Short Answer Question:Write a short paragraph about your favorite book, including the title, author, and a brief summary of the plot.3. Essay Question:Discuss the impact of technology on communication in today's society. Include examples to support your ideas.4. Reading Comprehension Question:Read the passage below and answer the questions that follow.[Passage]In recent years, there has been a growing concern about the effects of climate change on the environment. Many scientists believe that human activities, such as burning fossil fuels and deforestation, are contributing to global warming. It is essential for us to take action now to protect our planet for future generations.Questions:a. What is the main cause of climate change according to the passage?b. Why is it important to address climate change?5. Speaking Question:Prepare a short presentation on a topic of your choice and deliver it to the examiners.These are just a few examples of the types of questions that students may encounter on the CUST correspondence English degree examination. It is essential for students to prepare thoroughly by reviewing grammar rules, practicing writing and speaking skills, and reading extensively in English to succeed in the examination.Overall, the English degree examination at Changsha University of Science and Technology is a rigorous but rewarding assessment of students' language proficiency and communication skills. By demonstrating proficiency in English, students can enhance their career prospects and academic opportunities both in China and internationally.In conclusion, the CUST correspondence English degree examination is a valuable opportunity for students to showcase their language skills and knowledge of English. With properpreparation and determination, students can excel in the examination and obtain a prestigious English degree from Changsha University of Science and Technology.篇3Title: Longshao Vocational and Technical College Correspondence English Degree Examination QuestionsIntroduction:Longshao Vocational and Technical College is one of the prominent education institutions in China, offering a range of degree programs through correspondence courses. For students pursuing a degree in English, the college conducts annual examinations to assess their proficiency in the language. In this article, we will provide a comprehensive overview of the examination questions asked in the Longshao Vocational and Technical College Correspondence English Degree Examination.Section 1: Reading Comprehension1. Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow:"Global warming is a pressing issue that requires urgent attention. The rise in average global temperatures has led tosevere consequences such as melting ice caps, rising sea levels, and extreme weather events. Governments worldwide need to take immediate action to reduce carbon emissions and protect the environment."Questions:a. What is the main issue discussed in the passage?b. What are some consequences of global warming mentioned in the passage?c. What action does the passage suggest governments should take?2. Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow:"Online shopping has become increasingly popular in recent years, offering consumers convenience and a wide selection of goods. However, concerns about data privacy and cybersecurity have also arisen, with hackers targeting online platforms to steal personal information."Questions:a. What is the subject of the passage?b. What are the benefits of online shopping mentioned in the passage?c. What are the risks associated with online shopping?Section 2: Writing1. Write an essay on the topic "The Impact of Social Media on Society" discussing both positive and negative aspects. Your essay should be well-structured and present a balanced argument.2. Write a letter to a friend inviting them to visit your city. Include information about the attractions, accommodation options, and transportation facilities available in your city.Section 3: Listening Comprehension1. Listen to the audio clip and answer the questions that follow about the content. The audio clip will cover a range of topics related to current affairs, cultural events, and academic discussions.2. Listen to the following passage and summarize the main points in your own words. The passage will be on a topic relevant to students pursuing a degree in English.Conclusion:In conclusion, the Longshao Vocational and Technical College Correspondence English Degree Examination covers a range of skills including reading comprehension, writing, and listening comprehension. By preparing thoroughly for these exam questions, students can demonstrate their proficiency in the English language and progress towards earning their English degree.。

考研英语真题试卷阅读阅读部分（共40分）一、阅读理解（共30分，每题2分）A节（共20题，每题2分）Passage 1In recent years, there has been a growing interest in the field of artificial intelligence (AI). The rapid development of AI has brought about significant changes in various sectors, including healthcare, transportation, and education. However, with the advancement of technology, there are also concerns about the potential negative impacts of AI on society.Questions:21. What is the main topic of the passage?22. Which areas have been affected by the development of AI according to the passage?23. What are the concerns mentioned in the passage regarding AI?Passage 2The concept of sustainable development has becomeincreasingly important in today's world. It emphasizes the need to balance economic growth with environmental protection and social equity. Many countries have adopted policies and practices that promote sustainable development, aiming to create a better future for all.Questions:24. What does the passage mainly discuss?25. What does sustainable development focus on?26. What are the goals of sustainable development policies?Passage 3Cultural diversity is a rich source of creativity and innovation. It is essential to respect and value the unique cultural heritage of different communities. Promotingcultural diversity can lead to a more inclusive and harmonious society.Questions:27. What is the main idea of the passage?28. Why is cultural diversity important?29. What can be the result of promoting cultural diversity?B节（共10题，每题2分）Passage 4The rise of social media has transformed the way people communicate and interact with each other. It has also created new opportunities for businesses to reach out to theircustomers. However, the use of social media has raisedprivacy concerns and the spread of misinformation.Questions:30. What is the focus of the passage?31. How has social media changed communication?32. What issues are associated with the use of social media?二、新题型（共10分）Task 1: Information MatchingRead the following statements and match them with the corresponding passages from the previous section. Each statement can only be used once.33. The passage that discusses the impact of AI on employment.34. The passage that talks about the importance of environmental protection.35. The passage that highlights the benefits of cultural exchange.Task 2: SummaryWrite a brief summary of the main points discussed in the reading passages. Your summary should be no more than 100 words.注意：以上内容仅为示例，实际考研英语真题试卷的阅读部分会根据考试大纲和命题要求有所不同。

考研英语（阅读）-试卷136(总分：60.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、 Reading Comprehension(总题数：6，分数：60.00)1.Section II Reading Comprehension（分数：10.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 解析：2.Part ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D.（分数：10.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 解析：For decades, ferry boats crossed the cold waters of Michigan"s Straits of Mackinac, shuttling people and vehicles between the two halves of the split-up state. Since the 1880s, Michigan residents dreamed of a bridge that would span the 4-mile gap between Mackinaw City and St. Ignace, an area that limited tourism in Mackinac Island and disturbed commerce in the remote Upper Peninsula. Because construction would be hard, with high winds and harsh winters, some engineers suggested a floating tunnel or a series of small bridges instead. But, by the 1940s, with lines for ferry boats sometimes stretching for 16 miles, the idea of one continuous span won out. And what a span it turned out to be. Five miles long, the "Mighty Mac," which opened to traffic on Nov. 1, 1957, was to become the world"s longest suspension bridge between cable anchorages. Even today, it remains the longest suspension bridge in the Western Hemisphere and the third-longest bridge in the world. Designed by engineer David B. Steinman, the bridge was built in just three years, on time and on budget. That was a remarkable feat in itself. But the challenges were so great—33 of the bridge"s 34 pieces had to be built under water—that five workers perished during construction. One man died diving, one fell in a caisson while welding, another drowned, and two fell from a catwalk. The bridge has seen many tragedies since. On Sept. 10, 1978, three National Guard officers in a private plane got lost in a thick fog and crashed into the cables of the north tower. In 1989, a woman was killed when gale force winds—and her excessive speed—lifted her 1987 Yugo into the air, sending it 150 feet into the water. And in 1997, a sport utility vehicle took the plunge. Although authorities believed the latter incident to have been a suicide, the bridge does not attract jumpers the way, for instance, the Golden Gate does. In 1977, Lawrence Rubin of the Mackinac Bridge Authority shared his theory on the lack of leapers with the Detroit News: "People who commit suicide like attention. But it"s peaceful here... you could jump off this bridge, and it might take years before anybody found out." The bridge authority acknowledges that the prospect of such excitement may be overwhelming for some, which is why it offers free escorts for gephyrobiacs—people with a fear of crossing bridges. Each year, hundreds of drivers take advantage of the service.（分数：10.00）(1).According to the first paragraph, Michigan"s Straits of Mackinac（分数：2.00）A.realized Michigan residents" dream to have a bridge.B.became a tourist attraction in Mackinac Island.C.depressed the ferry service in the State of Michigan.D.blocked the development of commerce in Upper Peninsula, √解析：解析：事实细节题。

研究生英语考试试题及答案-参考在研究生阶段，英语考试是一个重要的环节，对于考生来说，通过考试取得一个高分是他们追求的目标。

因此，了解研究生英语考试试题及答案是非常必要的。

下面是一些常见的研究生英语考试试题及答案的参考。

第一部分：听力理解（共四节，每节5小题，每题1分，满分20分）请听下面5段对话，选出最佳选项。

1. What does the man want to do?A. Go to a movie.B. Go shopping.C. Go dancing.2. How does the woman feel about her trip?A. Excited.B. Nervous.C. Disappointed.3. What does the man mean?A. He can solve the problem.B. He doesn't know how to help.C. He agrees with the woman's idea.4. What is the woman going to do?A. Call the police.B. Help the man.C. Fix the faucet.5. What does the man suggest the woman do?A. Ask her neighbor for help.B. Call a repairman.C. Watch a video online.请听下面5段对话或独白，选出最佳选项。

6. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A. Teacher and student.B. Colleagues.C. Friends.7. How will the woman spend her summer vacation?A. Traveling to Europe.B. Working at a hotel.C. Studying for an exam.8. What is the man's opinion?A. He is impressed by the music.B. He is not interested in the music.C. He thinks the music is boring.9. What do we learn about the woman's husband?A. He's been busy with work.B. He enjoys cooking.C. He recently became a manager.10. What is the woman's problem?A. She can't access the website.B. She can't find her password.C. She needs to update her software.第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，每节5小题，每题2分，满分20分）第一节请阅读下面短文，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A great deal of attention is being paid today to the so-called digital divide—the division of the world into the info(information) rich and the info poor. And that divide does exist today. My wife and I lectured about this looming danger twenty years ago. What was less visible then, however, were the new, positive forces that work against the digital divide. There are reasons to be optimistic。

There are technological reasons to hope the digital divide will narrow. As the Internet becomes more and more commercialized, it is in the interest of business to universalize access—after all, the more people online, the more potential customers there are. More and more governments, afraid their countries will be left behind, want to spread Internet access. Within the next decade or two, one to two billion people on the planet will be netted together. As a result, I now believe the digital divide will narrow rather than widen in the years ahead. And that is very good news because the Internet may well be the most powerful tool for combating world poverty that we've ever had。

考研英语（阅读）-试卷167(总分：60.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、 Reading Comprehension(总题数：6，分数：60.00)1.Section II Reading Comprehension（分数：10.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 解析：2.Part ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D.（分数：10.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 解析：The clean-energy business is turning into the next big investment boom, in which risks are lightly ignored. Until recently, recalls Charlie Gay, a 30-year veteran of the solar-power business, venture capitalists were far too busy catering to captains of the information-technology industry to waste time on "hippy-dippy tree-huggers" like himself. But now the tree-huggers are in the ascendant and the IT barons are busy investing in clean-energy technology. Investors are falling over themselves to finance start-ups in clean technology, especially in energy. Venture Business Research reckons that investment in the field by venture capitalists and private-equity firms has quadrupled in the past two years, from some $500m in 2004 to almost $2 billion so far this year. The share of venture capital going into clean energy is rising rapidly. Clean-energy fever is being fuelled by three things: high oil prices, fears over energy security and a growing concern about global warming. The provision of energy, the industry"s cheerleaders say, will change radically over the coming decades. Polluting coal- and gas-fired power stations will give way to cleaner alternatives such as solar and wind; fuels derived from plants and waste will replace petrol and diesel; and small, local forms of electricity generation will replace big power stations feeding far-flung grids. Eventually, it is hoped, fuel cells running on hydrogen will take the place of the internal combustion engine which is available everywhere. It is a bold vision, but if it happens very slowly, or only to a limited extent, boosters argue that it will still prompt tremendous growth for firms in the business. Analysts confidently predict the clean-energy business will grow by 20-30% a year for a decade. Jefferies, an investment bank that organized a recent conference on the industry in London, asked participants how soon solar power would become competitive with old-fashioned generation technologies: in 2010, 2015 or 2020. Aboutthree-quarters of those present, one visitor happily observed, were " cheque-writers ". This "megatrend", the keynote speaker advocated, "may be the biggest job- and wealth-creation opportunity of the 21st century." Such exaggeration might remind people of dotcom bubble. But clean-energy advocates insist growth is sustainable because of the likes of Mr. Schwarzenegger. The Governor is a hero in green circles because of his enthusiasm for environmental regulation. He easily won re-election partly because he seized on global warming as a concern and signed into law—America"s first wide-ranging scheme to cap greenhouse-gas emissions.（分数：10.00）(1).According to the first two paragraphs, we can learn that（分数：2.00）A.clean energy business is booming while the risks are totally overlooked.B.venture capitalists have wasted much money on "hippy-dippy tree hungers".C.clean energy business is surging and changes the venture capital market. √D.the information-technology industry is correspondingly shrinking fast.解析：解析：段落推断题。

研究生公共英语阅读C 期末阅读理解试题材料1-5套试题Directions: Read the passages and choose the best option to complete the statement or answer the question.TEXT ARicci, 45, is now striking out on perhaps his boldest venture yet. He plans to market an English language edition of his elegant monthly art magazine, FMR, in the United States. Once again the skeptics are murmuring that the successful Ricci has headed for a big fall. And once again Ricci intends to prove them wrong.Ricci is so confident that he has christened his quest “Operation Columbus” and has set his sights on discovering an American readership of 300,000. That goal may not be too far-fetched. The Italian edition of FMR — the initials, of course, stand for Franco Maria Ricci-is only 18 months old. But it is already the second largest art magazine in the world, with a circulation of 65,000 and a profit margin of US $ 500,000. The American edition will be patterned after the Italian version, with each 160-page issue carrying only 40 pages of ads and no more than five articles. But the contents will often differ. The English-language edition will include more American works, Ricci says, to help Americans get over “an inferiority complex about their art.” He also hopes that the magazine will become a vehicle for a two-way cultural exchange — what he likes to think of as a marriage of brains, culture and taste from both sides of the Atlantic.To realize this vision, Ricci is mounting one of the most lavish, enterprising —and expensive-promotional campaigns in magazine —publishing history. Between November and January, eight jumbo jets will fly 8 million copies of a sample 16-page edition of FMR across the Atlantic. From a warehouse in Michigan, 6.5 million copies will be mailed to American subscribers of various cultural, art and business magazines. Some of the remaining copies will circulate as a special Sunday supplement in the New York Times. The cost of launching Operation Columbus is a staggering US $ 5 million, but Ricci is hoping that 60% of the price tag will be financed by Italian corporations. “To land in America, Columbus had to use Spanish sponsors,” reads one sentence in his promotional pamphlet, “We would like Italians.”Like Columbus, Ricci cannot know what his reception will be on foreign shores. In Italy he gambled — and won — on a simple concept: it is more important to show art than to write about it. Hence, one issue of FMR might feature 32 full-color pages of 17th-century tapestries, followed by 14 pages of outrageous eyeglasses. He is gamblin g that the concept is exportable. “I don’t expect that more than 30% of my reader... will actually read FMR,” he says. “The magazine is such a visual delight that they don’t have to.” Still, he is lining up an impressive stable of writers and professors for the American edition, including Noam Chomsky, Anthony Burgess, Eric Jong and Norman Mailer. In addition, he seems to be pursuing his own eclectic vision without giving amoment’s thought to such established competitors as Connoisseur and Horizon. “The Am ericans can do almost everything better than we can,” says Ricci, “But we (the Italians) have a 2,000 year edge on them in art.”16.Ricci intends his American edition of FMR to carry more American art works in order to _____. A．boost Americans' confidence in their art.B．follow the pattern set by his Italian edition.C．help Italians understand American art better.D．expand the readership of his magazine.正确答案：A解析：The English-language edition will include more American works，Ricci says，to help Americans get over “an inferiority complex about their art．”显然其目的是为了使美国人克服在艺术方面的自卑情结，帮助他们培养自信。

‎‎‎‎2017年‎考研英语(‎一)阅读真‎题及答案详‎解考研英‎语真题考‎研数学真题‎政治真‎题专业‎课真题英‎语一真题‎英语二真题‎数学一真‎题数学二‎真题数学‎三真题数‎农真题考‎研英语答案‎考研数学‎答案政‎治答案‎专业课答案‎英语一答‎案英语二‎答案数学‎一答案数‎学二答案‎数学三答案‎数农答案‎201‎7年考研英‎语考试已经‎结束!出国‎留学考研网‎在考后第一‎时间为大家‎提供201‎7年考研英‎语(‎一)阅读真‎题及答案详‎解，更多考‎研资讯请关‎注我们网站‎的更新! ‎2017年‎考研英语‎ (一)‎阅读真题及‎答案详解‎各位同学大‎家晚上好!‎我们现在给‎大家做的是‎2017年‎考研英语1‎阅读理解板‎块的解析。

‎我目前手头‎只有英语1‎的题目，英‎语2赶紧回‎去复习，我‎目前没有相‎关材料。

关‎于英语1的‎同学我们直‎接给大家报‎答案。

‎我直‎接报答案。

‎看一下第一‎篇文章，当‎我拿到这个‎文章，今天‎考完结束很‎多同学给我‎发信息过来‎，今天一考‎完很多同学‎发来消息，‎说今年我们‎考试难度怎‎么样，还有‎一个大概评‎价，一直以‎来我们强调‎的考研这种‎国家级考试‎，都是以稳‎定压倒一切‎。

‎今年一共‎四篇文章难‎度这样的，‎两篇稍微简‎单一点，两‎篇有一定难‎度，但是再‎难，对于我‎们来讲都是‎利好消息，‎难的文章我‎们掌握了做‎题方法，尤‎其我们今天‎考试当中，‎这个方法不‎例外。

‎先看‎第一篇文章‎比较简单，‎谈了关于我‎们登机以前‎要做安检，‎安检流程变‎得更长一些‎。

第一题目‎简单，第二‎文章很容易‎读懂，文章‎一开头直接‎给我们一个‎中心思想。

‎‎为什么很明‎确，不知道‎大家记不记‎得有没有用‎到我们的，‎包括课堂当‎中讲到的最‎后三小时谈‎到中心思想‎把握方法。

‎‎文章开头是‎唯一一句话‎，大家有没‎有意识到这‎个问题，目‎前过安检，‎以前需要两‎个小时，现‎在需要三个‎小时了。

Tackling climate change will cost consumers the earth. Those who campaign for a n revolution are out to destroy our western lifestyles. Such are the cries of opponents of emissions cuts, and their message has political impact: a number of surveys have found that the enthusiasm of voters for policies to reduce climate change 4 - 3
sources will have to massively expand. Companies will have to pay increasingly higher prices for the right to emit greenhouse gases. How will this affect the average citizen's wallet? To measure the impact of the 80 per cent target on the UK population, New Scientist approached Cambridge Econometrics, a firm known for its modelling of the European economy. The firm used historic economic data to predict the impact of emissions reductions on prices in over 40 categor