2010~2018年湖南长沙市中考英语真题专题汇编及详细答案-阅读表达

选择题一．选择题（共60小题）1．（2018•长沙）﹣The weather report says it's going to have a shower this afternoon．﹣It does？We'd better____now，just in case．（）A．to leave B．leaving C．leave【解答】根据We'd better____now，可知had better+动词原形，表示最好做某事，这是固定用法．故选：C．2．（2018•长沙）﹣Is the man over there Adam？﹣It____be him．He has gone to Hong Kong on vacation．（）A．must B．can't C．mustn't【解答】考查情态动词．A必须．B不可能．C不允许．结合语境"﹣﹣那边那个人是亚当吗？﹣﹣__是他，他去香港度假了．"．可知，表示否定推测，用can't不可能．故选：B．3．（2018•长沙）﹣Do the twins look the same？﹣No．Jane is____taller than Claire．（）A．little B．more C．a little【解答】考查形容词词义辨析．A．little少量，后接不可数名词；B．more更，比较级taller 前不能用more；C．a little一点，修饰比较级，起强调作用；根据题干Jane is____taller than Claire．可知简比克莱尔高一点．故选：C．4．（2018•长沙）﹣How many apples can I have？﹣You can have two．___are for Jim．（）A．The others B．Others C．The other【解答】考查同义词．the others意思是"其他东西，其余的人"．特指某一范围内的"其他的（人或物）"．others相当于other+复数名词，泛指"另外几个"，"其余的"．the other（两个中）另一个．句意"﹣﹣我能有多少苹果？﹣﹣你可以有两个，其它的是给吉姆的．"．可知，特指其它的苹果．用the others做主语．故选：A．5．（2018•长沙）You mustn't drive a car on the road____you get a driver's license．（）A．unless B．if C．since【解答】选项A意为：除非，选项B意为：如果，选项C意为：自从．结合句意：除非你有驾驶执照，否则你不能在路上开车．故选：A．6．（2018•长沙）﹣Mom，I bought us two tickets to the 2018 World Cup in Russia．﹣Really？_____pleasant surprise!（）A．How B．What C．What a【解答】语中的感叹句要由what和how来引导，其句型是：How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语+其他!What+（a/an）+形容词+名词+主语+谓语+其他!根据所给的单词，形容词是pleasant，名词surprise可数名词单数，pleasant以辅音音素开头的，需要加冠词a，应用what来感叹．故选：C．7．（2018•长沙）British physicist Stephen Hawking，who____as the "smartest man alive"，passed away in England on March 14，2018．（）A．praised B．was praisedC．will be praised【解答】根据题意：英国物理学家斯蒂芬•霍金，被赞扬为"活着的最聪明的人"，于2018年3月14日在英国去世．可知考查被动语态，时态为一般过去时，其结构为were/was+过去分词．故选：B．8．（2018•长沙）As long as the whole of our society_____trying，we will make our skies blue again．（）A．keeps B．will keep C．kept【解答】根据题意：只要我们整个社会继续努力，我们就会让我们的天空再次变蓝．可知As long as 引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时表将来．故选：A．9．（2018•长沙）Kids，I hope you'll remember the good old days____we spent together in junior high though it's time to say goodbye．（）A．who B．what C．which【解答】根据题意：孩子们，尽管是时候说再见了，我希望你们能记住我们在初中时一起度过的美好时光．可知考查定语从句的关系代词，先行词是old days，此处作宾语，故用that/which．故选：C．10．（2018•长沙）﹣Does anybody want to share____on Father's Day？﹣Guess what？I'll write a poem for my dad．（）A．when will you shop B．what you will doC．where you will go【解答】根据题干，可知考查宾语从句，宾语从句用陈述语序，故排除A；由I'll write a poem for my dad，可知回答的是要做的事，应该用what提问．故选：B．11．（2017•长沙）﹣﹣﹣Hello，John．This is Mike．What are you doing now？﹣﹣﹣I'm watching a football match．It started at 7：30 p．m．and ______ on for another one hour．（）A．has been B．was C．will be【解答】答案：C．结合﹣﹣﹣I'm watching a football match．It started at 7：30p．m．and ______ on for another one hour表达的是还要持续一个小时，故用一般将来时will+动词原形，故答案是C．12．（2017•长沙）______ April 22nd，people around the world celebrate Earth Day in different ways．（）A．In B．At C．On【解答】答案：C．in意思是"在…时候"要放在表示世纪，年，季节，月份的词语前面．at意思是"在…时候"at意思是"在…时候"一般用在时间点前面．on意思是"在…时候"在具体的某一天要用介词on．根据"April 22nd"四月22号，这是一个具体的日期，所以前面要用介词on，所以这个句子的意思是"在四月22号的时候，全世界各地的人们用不同的方式庆祝地球日．"综上所述，故选C．13．（2017•长沙）There's ______ in the city．Why not have a picnic in the countryside？Great!Daweishan Mountain might be a good choice．（）A．interesting somethingB．nothing interestingC．anything interesting【解答】答案：B．something意思是"某事，某物"；nothing意思是"没有什么事物"；anything意思是"任何事物"．根据"Why not have a picnic in the countryside？"为什么不到郊区野餐呢？因此可知前一句的意思是"城里没有什么吸引人的地方，"如果有形容词修饰不定代词的时候，要放在不定代词的后面，综上所述，故选B．14．（2017•长沙）______ carefully，please!Look at the road sign．There is a school ahead．（）A．Drive B．To drive C．Driving【解答】答案：A．根据题干结合选项推断设空处句子的句意是"小心开车，看路标，前面有一所学校．"，这里动词位于句首表示一种请求或命令，句子是一个肯定祈使句，其构成是：动词原形+其他；故选A15．（2017•长沙）Is there anybody who can lend me a hand？I'm afraid not．You know，you're supposed to depend on ______．（）A．myself B．yourself C．themselves【解答】答案：B．根据语境you're supposed to depend on 推测句意是"﹣﹣有人能帮助我一下吗？﹣﹣恐怕没有，你知道，你应该依靠你自己．"，由此可以推断设空处缺少反身代词，构成短语"depend on oneself依靠自己"，再根据主语是you，判断用反身代词yourself，故选B．16．（2017•长沙）Not only my parents but also my sister ______ crazy about the TV play in the name of people．（）A．is B．are C．have been【解答】答案：A．表达的是客观事实用一般现在时，be crazy about对…着迷，主语not only…but also…连接的两个并列成分，谓语动词遵循就近原则，结合my sister三单，故is，故答案是A．17．（2017•长沙）Philips，______ you make so much noise when your little sister is sleeping？Sorry，Mum．I'll stop right away．（）A．can B．may C．must【解答】答案：CA．可以，能够B．可以，也许C．必须，根据Sorry，Mum．I'll stop right away对不起，妈妈，我马上停止．可知问句并不是表达"请求许可"，排除A B，句意是"你就非得弄出这么大的声音吗？"表一定做某事．故选C．18．（2017•长沙）Shared bikes，which are environmentally friendly，______ quite popular among big cities in China since last April．（）A．became B．have becomeC．will become【解答】答案：B．结合since last Apr可知动作发生在过去，对现在造成一定的影响，故用现在完成时have/has+过去分词，主语bikes复数，故答案是B．19．（2017•长沙）We'll achieve our dreams some day ______ we keep trying and never give up．（）A．as long as B．even thoughC．so that【解答】答案：A；根据语境以及上下文，本题考查的是连词的用法．根据设空处前后句可以推测答语的句意是"只要我们坚持努力，永不放弃，总有一天我们会实现梦想．"表示"只要…"用短语as long as，故选A．20．（2017•长沙）Could you please tell me ________？For two weeks．（）A．how soon he will be backB．how long he will be awayC．how long will he be away．【解答】答案：B．tell后加宾语从句，引导词+陈述句语序，结合下文For two weeks上文用how long多长时间，故答案是B．21．（2016•长沙）Miss Smith，an American lady，has taught _______ English for three years．（）A．we B．us C．our【解答】答案：Bwe我们，主格；us我们，宾格；our我们的，形容词性物主代词；teach教，实义动词，后面的宾语要用宾格形式，故选B．22．（2016•长沙）﹣_______ will you fly to Beijing？﹣In two days．（）A．How long B．How often C．How soon【解答】答案：C；How soon多久以后，再过多久，主要用来对表示将来的一段时间的提问；How often多久一次（对频率进行提问）；How long 多长时间（对时间多久进行提问）；根据答语In two days．可知上句是对将来的一段时间进行提问；故选C．23．（2016•长沙）﹣I think I'll take a bus to the meeting．﹣The bus？If you_______，you will be late．（）A．do B．have done C．will do【解答】答案：A本句考查if引导的条件状语从句，根据句意如果你那样的话，你会迟到的．"主句是一般将来时，从句应使用一般现在时表将来，一般现在时的构成是：主语+动词原形/动词的第三人称单数形式；故选A．24．（2016•长沙）﹣What do you think of the movie Zootopia？﹣Hmm…I think it is _______ movie that I have ever seen these years．（）A．a good B．a better C．the best【解答】答案：C根据"I have ever seen these years（这些年我看过的）"可知，这里应该用形容词的最高级形式，A选项是good的原级形式；B选项是good的比较级形式；C选项是good的最高级形式，故答案为C25．（2016•长沙）﹣Your coat fits you well．﹣Thank you．I_______ it when I was on vacation．（）A．have bought B．buyC．bought【解答】答案：C 根据时间状语从句"when I was on vacation"，可知动作发生在过去，应该用一般过去时．have bought为现在完成时的构成；buy为一般现在时的构成；bought 为一般过去时的构成．故选C．26．（2016•长沙）﹣Did you win the game yesterday？﹣Not really．______we all tried our best，we lost it．（）A．If B．Though C．Unless【解答】答案：B；If如果；Though虽然；Unless除非；根据答语we all tried our best和we lost it可知，二者是转折关系，用Though引导让步状语从句；故选B．27．（2016•长沙）﹣Finally，they came back．﹣They ______be hungry after such a long walk．（）A．can't B．must C．needn't【解答】答案：B．can't不可能；must一定，必须；needn't不必．根据after such a long walk，可知走了这么长的路他们一定饿了．must一定，必须．故选B．28．（2016•长沙）﹣Jane's spoken English is pretty good．﹣Yeah，she works hard and practices _______ it both in and out of class．（）A．spoke B．to speak C．speaking【解答】答案：C．根据she works hard and practices _______ it both in and out of class，可知本句考查了practise的用法：practise doing sth练习做某事，后面跟动词的ing形式．故选C．29．（2016•长沙）﹣What are you doing，Tim？﹣I am listening to the song Long Live _______ makes me feel excited．（）A．which B．who C．/【解答】答案：A；首先分析句子结构，本句中的"_______ makes me feel excited"在复合句中作定语从句，由于先行词the song 为下文定语从句的逻辑主语，且指物，所以引导定语从句的关系代词用that或者which，故选A．30．（2016•长沙）Now smart phones _______ in many ways in our daily life．（）A．are used B．is used C．are using【解答】答案：A．首先根据句意"现在智能手机被应用在日常生活中的多个方面．"句子表述的是现在的客观事实，所以用一般现在时，主语smart phones 是动作use的承受者，表示"被使用"所以用被动语态，一般现在时被动语态的构成是：主语+am/is/are+动词的过去分词，主语是复数名词，be动词用are，故选A．31．（2015•长沙）﹣﹣﹣__________ I use your dictionary？﹣﹣﹣Of course．But please return it to me before you leave．（）A．Must B．Need C．May【解答】答案：C．Must必须，一定；Need 需要；May可以．根据Of course可知，这个题考查的是情态动词的用法，这里表示的是请求对方的许可，表可以，用may．故选C．32．（2015•长沙）There is ________ wrong with my back and it hurts seriously．（）A．anything B．something C．nothing【解答】答案为B．本题主要考察不定代词的用法．anything一些事或物，常用于否定句或问句中；something 一些事或物，常用于肯定句中；nothing没有一些事或物，本身表示否定．根据题干中的it hurts seriously 可知这个句子是一个肯定句，A项用于否定句和问句，C选项用于否定句，故答案为B33．（2015•长沙）It's necessary for us _________ to our parents when we have problems．（）A．to talk B．talking C．talk【解答】答案：A．根据It's necessary for us _________ to our parents when we have problems，可知这里使用的句型是It is+形容词+for sb．to do sth．对于某人来说做某事是…的．由此可知，这里it 作形式主语，to引导的动词不定式作真正的主语．故选A．34．（2015•长沙）﹣Will you see the film Cinderella with us tonight？﹣﹣No，I _________it last week．（）A．see B．have seen C．saw【解答】答案：C 根据答语中时间状语last week可知描述的是过去发生的事情，应该用一般过去时，一般过去时态的构成：主语+谓语动词的过去式．see的过去式为saw，故选C35．（2015•长沙）﹣Rose，could you please water the flowers in the garden？﹣﹣Why _________？You see，my brother is listening to music．（）A．me B．I C．mine【解答】答案：A、me 是第一称代词I的宾格；B、第一人称代词I的主格；C、是第一人称代词I的名词性物主代词．题中Why _________？这是一个没有谓语动词的句子，在这种没有谓语动词的句子中，人称代词常用宾格形式．故只me符合题意，排除B和C．故选A．36．（2015•长沙）﹣Jane Zhang is going to hold a concert here in July．﹣﹣Really？________ exciting news!（）A．How B．What an C．What【解答】答案：C．根据exciting news!可知这里考查了感叹句，本句的中心词是news，它是一个不可数名词，exciting是一个形容词，在这里修饰news，根据What+形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词+主语+谓语!故选C．37．（2015•长沙）﹣﹣I called you last night，but you didn't answer．﹣﹣Sorry，Grace．I________I am A Singer when the phone rang．（）A．am watching B．was watchingC．have watched【解答】答案：B 根据答语中时间状语从句when the phone rang（当电话铃响时）和上文"我昨晚给你打电话，但是没人接．"，判断该空处的动作表示在过去某个时刻正在进行着，且动作在一段时间内持续进行，所以用过去进行时，过去进行时的构成是：主语+was/were+动词的现在分词，主语是I所以be动词用was；watch的现在分词为watching，故选C38．（2015•长沙）_______he had failed many times，he didn't give up and succeeded in the end．（）A．Unless B．Although C．If【解答】答案：B．根据语境以及上下文，本题考查的是连词的用法．根据设空处前后句的句意"他失败了很多次，"和"他没有放弃并且最后成功了．"，在这里两个句子之间存在转折关系，although"虽然；尽管"，引导让步状语从句，符合句意．故选B39．（2015•长沙）There will be ___________ cars in the city because people will prefer the subway．（）A．fewer B．less C．more【解答】答案：A 根据There will be ___________ cars in the city because people will prefer the subway可知，"因为他们更喜欢乘坐地铁"，所以"公共汽车将会变少"，这是两者之间的比较，应该用形容词的比较级形式；又因为cars是可数名词复数形式，此处应该是few 比较级fewer，意思是"更少的公共汽车"，故选A．40．（2015•长沙）﹣Could you tell me ________the Dragon Boat Festival in China？﹣﹣Sure．People usually watch the dragon boat races and eat zongzi．（）A．when do people celebrateB．why people celebrateC．how people celebrate【解答】答案：C．根据Could you tell me可知，本题考查宾语从句，宾语从句中一般为陈述语序，选项A是疑问语序，所以排除掉；根据People usually watch the dragon boat races and eat zongzi，可知人们经常看龙舟比赛和吃粽子，说明问的是如何过端午．因此要选择how开头的句子．故选C．41．（2014•长沙）My sister is old enough to dress______now．（）A．himself B．herself C．myself【解答】答案：B himself是他自己；herself是她自己；myself是我自己．dress意为"穿衣服"时，宾语常常是人，不是衣服．我的妹妹是第三人称单数，结合句意，也就是女的她，故选herself．42．（2014•长沙）Mother's Day is_____the second Sunday in May in the United States．（）A．on B．in C．at【解答】根据句中关键词the second Sunday in May可知，五月的第二个星期日，表示具体到某一天，前用介词on，故选A．43．（2014•长沙）_______of us wants to go to the park today，because we have to finish so much homework．（）A．Either B．Both C．Neither【解答】C either表示两者中的任何一个；both表示两者都；neither表示两者都不．根据后面的we have to finish so much homework．可知我们俩都不想去公园．故选C 44．（2014•长沙）﹣Is the schoolbag under the desk yours？﹣No，it's my______．He left it there just now．（）A．brother B．brother's C．brothers'【解答】B 根据He left it there just now．可知是一个弟弟，所以brother要用单数形式，弟弟的，那就要brother的后面加's，故选：B．45．（2013•长沙）Mary was born in 1998 and she began to play __ _____ guitar at the age of seven．（）A．a B．不填C．the【解答】答案：C；乐器前面要用定冠词the，所以应该是play the guitar．故选C．46．（2013•长沙）He has written many books，but _______ of them are good．（）A．few B．many C．any【解答】答案A．A．few表示否定"几乎没有，很少"，后面接可数名词复数．B．many 许多．C．any表示三者或三者以上的每一个或任何一个，一般用于否定句或疑问句．由句中"but"表示的转折关系，和many对比，可知应是指没有几本书是好的，倾向于否定的含义．结合题意可知用few，故答案选A．47．（2013•长沙）The man makes a living _______ teaching．（）A．without B．with C．by【解答】答案：C根据makes a living（谋生）和teaching（教书），联系生活实际，可知教书是谋生的一种手段，方式．表示方式要用by+doing．without表示没有；with表示伴随．故选C．48．（2013•长沙）﹣Does she like singing English songs？﹣Yes．She _______ to sing English songs in her room．（）A．often does B．is often heardC．often hears【解答】答案：B 根据其后的to sing，可知排除A与C．hear只有在被动语态中才会接to do形式．故本句应用被动语态（be+done）．根据often可知应用一般现在时．故本处需要一般现在时的被动语态．主语she，故谓语动词用is．故选B．49．（2012•长沙）﹣What do you think of Mike？﹣He is honest boy．（）A．a B．the C．an【解答】答案：C．用a还是用an一般说来，在辅音因素开头的词前用a，而在元音音素开头的词前用an．注意：有些以辅音字母开头的单词，由于第一个音不是辅音而是元音音素，其前用an；题干中的"一个诚实的男孩"中honest，它的读音是以元音因素开头的；故选C．50．（2012•长沙）Don't forget the light before you leave the room．（）A．turning off B．to turn offC．to be turned off【解答】答案：B．根据Don't forget the light before you leave the room，可知这里考查了forget的用法：forget to do sth．表示不要忘记去做某事，这件事没有发生，表提醒；forget doing sth．表示不要忘记做过某事，这件事已经做过，叫某人不要忘记做过了．根据句意在离开房间之前，不要忘了关灯，表示这个动作还没做，所以应该用to do sth．故选B．51．（2012•长沙）﹣Have you had breakfast？﹣No，I got up at half past seven and went to school breakfast．（）A．on B．without C．as【解答】答案：B．因为回答者自己对吃早饭进行了否定，因此他自己是没有吃早饭就去了学校，without是"没有"，所以应该是"without breskfast"．故选B．52．（2012•长沙）He and his wife like singing．（）A．both B．all C．either【解答】答案：A选项A：两者都；选项B：三者及以上的都；选项C：两者之中的任何一个．根据题干He and his wife他和他的妻子为两者，再根据谓语动词为like知两者都喜欢唱歌，故选A．53．（2011•长沙）I usually go to school on _______ foot．（）A．a B．the C．/【解答】答案：C．本题考查零冠词的用法．根据固定短语on foot"步行"可知，on与foot 之间没有冠词．故选C54．（2011•长沙）﹣How often do you see your grandparents？﹣_______．（）A．Five days B．Once a monthC．In a week【解答】答案：B；Five days，五天；Once a month，一个月一次；In a week，一周之后；根据句中的疑问词how often，是对频率的提问，只有B项符合题意，故选B．55．（2011•长沙）When I came back yesterday evening，my brother _______ his homework．（）A．is doing B．has done C．was doing【解答】答案：C 根据When I came back yesterday evening可知，时间状语从句是一般过去时态．主句用过去进行时态；过去进行时态的结构为was/were+动词的现在分词．故选C．56．（2010•长沙）My sister can play________ violin very well．（）A．the．B．a．C．/【解答】答案：A．a，the ，都是冠词，a是不定冠词，表泛指"一个"，the是定冠词，"这，那，这些，那些"．因violin"小提琴"，是乐器，在使用冠词的时，在乐器前一定加定冠词the ，拉小提琴应用play the violin．．由题干"我妹妹拉小提琴很好．"可知，故答案选择A．57．（2010•长沙）﹣﹣Which of the caps will you take？﹣﹣I'll take__________，one for my father，the other for my brother，（）A．neither．B．both．C．all．【解答】答案：B．分析句子，结合选项，推测意思是你要买哪一顶帽子？两个都买，一个给我爸爸，另外一个给我兄弟．故选B两者都．A两者都不，C三者或三者以上都．58．（2011•绥化）﹣Who helped you clean the room yesterday afternoon？﹣______．I cleaned it all by myself．（）A．Everybody B．Somebody C．Nobody【解答】答案：C根据"I cleaned it all by myself"可知，此处应为否定回答．everybody每个人；somebody一些人；nobody没人，表否定．故此处答案为C Nobody59．（2011•湘西州）Do you know the girl _________ is singing in the classroom？（）A．when B．who C．which【解答】答案：B when副词，指时间，在定语从句中作状语；who关系代词，指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；which 关系代词，指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语．根据Do you know the girl _________ is singing…，可知本句中先行词是girl，是定语从句的主语，指人，故用who，故选：B．60．（2010•长沙）﹣﹣Must I finish my homework at school？﹣﹣_______．You can do it at home and hand it in next week．（）A．Yes，you must．B．No，you needn't．C．Yes，I can．【解答】答案：B．考查一般疑问句．Must开头的一般疑问句，肯定回答Yes，…must．否定回答No，…needn't．结合语境"你可以在家里做，下周交．"，可知，不需要在学校完成，用否定回答．选B。

阅读表达一．阅读理解（共6小题）1．（2016•株洲）Fifteen years ago，I drove a taxi for a living．One day I went to pick up a passenger at 2：40 A．M．When I arrived there，I walked to the door and knocked．"Just a minute，"answered a weak，elderly voice．After a while，the door opened．A small woman stood before me．She was more than eighty years old．By her side was a big bag．When we get into the taxi，she gave me an address，and then asked．"Could you drive through downtown？""It's not the shortest way．"I answered quickly．"Oh，I'm in no hurry，"she said．"I'm on my way to a hospice （临终关怀医院）．I don't have any family left．The doctor says I don't have very long．"I quietly reached over and shut off the meter （计程表）For the next two hours，we drove through the city．She showed me the building where she had once worked，the neighborhood where she had lived，and the place where she had gone dancing as a girl．Sometimes she'd ask me to slow down in front of a special building and would sit staring into the darkness，saying nothing．We drove in silence to the address she had given me"How much do I pay you？"she asked．"Nothing．"I said．"You have to make a living，"she answered．"Oh，there are other passengers．"I answered．Almost without thinking，Igave her a hug （拥抱）．She held on me and said．"You gave an old woman a moment of joy．"61．When did the driver go to pick up the woman？At2：40 A．M62．How old was the woman？She was more than eighty years old63．Where did the woman want to go？ A hospice64．How much did the woman pay the driver？Nothing65．What can we learn from the driver？An act of kindness can bring people great joy．．【解答】61．答案：At 2：40 a．m．细节理解题．根据One day I went to pick up a passenger at 2：40 A．M．可知是凌晨2：40接的客人，故填At 2：40 a．m．62．答案：She was more than eighty years old．细节理解题．根据She was more than eighty years old可知是八十多岁，故答案是She was more than eighty years old．63．答案：A hospice．细节理解题．根据I'm on my way to a hospice是要去临终关怀医院，故答案是A hospice．64．答案：Nothing．细节理解题．根据"How much do I pay you？"she asked．"Nothing．"I said．可知没付钱，免费的，故填Nothing．65．答案：An act of kindness can bring people great joy．主旨大意题．结合本文大意可知这位司机在老人剩下的不多的时间，在这短短的一段路程中带着老人穿过城市，没有收车费，最后拥抱了老人，可知司机是善良的，根据Almost without thinking，I gave her a hug （拥抱）．She held on me and said．"You gave an old woman a moment of joy．"可知司机的善行能带给人们快乐，故填An act of kindness can bring people great joy．2．（2015•株洲）A stag（雄鹿），which lived in a forest，decided to go to another forest with his family．The stag and his family enjoyed the new forest，which had thick bushes and trees．There was plenty to eat for all of them．All of a sudden，the antlers（鹿角）of the stag got caught in the overhanging branches（树枝）of a tree．The stag tried hard，but could not free himself．His wife and baby kept on watching helplessly．The stag fought for some more time but he was very tired．He thought．"We won't be able to reach our home until I have my antlers free．We came here for having a good time，I must be strong and wait．"He finally gave up and kept standing there helplessly．His wife and baby spent the whole night with him．The next morning a woodcutter who came along saw the stag．He took pity on the stag．Soon the woodcutter cut down the branches of the tree and set him free．The stag thanked the woodcutter and rushed back home with his family．On reaching home，he was very surprised to learn that a pack of lions had attacked（攻击）their area yesterday．Many lives were lost．61．What was the new forest like？The new forest had thick bushes and trees．62．How many members were there in the stag'g family？Three63．What happened to the antlers of the stag？The antlers of the stag got caught in the overhanging branches of a tree．64．How do you like the woodcutter？Kind65．Why was the stag saved？Because the stag was not at home when a pack of lions attacked the area．【解答】答案：61．细节理解题根据第一段The stag and his family enjoyed the new forest，which had thick bushes and trees．可知新的森林有茂密的灌木丛和树木，故答案为The new forest had thick bushes and trees．62．细节理解题根据第二段His wife and baby kept on watching helplessly．而它的妻子和孩子只能眼睁睁看着，无能为力．可知雄鹿家里有三名成员：雄鹿、妻子和孩子．故答案为Three．63．细节理解题根据第二段All of a sudden，the antlers（鹿角）of the stag got caught in the overhanging branches（树枝）of a tree．可知这只雄鹿的鹿角被一根悬在树上的树枝缠住了．故答案为The antlers of the stag got caught in the overhanging branches of a tree．64．细节理解题根据第四段The next morning a woodcutter who came along saw the stag．He took pity on the stagSoon the woodcutter cut down the branches of the tree and set him free第二天早上，一个伐木工来到这儿看到了这只雄鹿，很是同情它．不一会儿，伐木工砍断树上的树枝救了它．可知伐木工是个善良的人，故答案为Kind．65．细节理解题根据最后一段On reaching home，he was very surprised to learn that a pack of lions had attacked（攻击）their area yesterday．Many lives were lost．一回到家，它无比惊讶地获悉昨天一群狮子侵袭了它们居住的地方，有很多鹿都丧命了．可知因为雄鹿昨天没有在家反而逃过一劫．故答案为Because the stag was not at home when a pack of lions attacked the area．3．（2013•株洲）13﹣year﹣old Omkar Dubey from India shows that when you start by changing yourself and have courage，you can make a difference to the world．In India，more than 100million homes have no toilets．Dubey's family didn't have a toilet，either．He asked his father to build one．"I thought it would be difficult in rainy days to go outside for the toilet．If we built the toilet at home，it would be easier for all of us in the family，"he told the Indian news channel CNN﹣ⅠBN．At first，his father said it was a waste of space，but Dubey kept on asking for nearly a month．Finally his father gave in and built a toilet．Dubey's work didn't stop there．He bravely went to the leader of his village and asked him to build the first public toilet．Today，his advice has led to 13public toilets．Dubey also brought changes to his school．When one leader came to his school，he took the chance and asked for a toilet．Now the school has two clean toilets for boys and girls．"Omkar is an excellent kid．He will shine one day，"said his teacher．57．Where is Dubey from？He is from India．58．How did Dubey bring changes to his school？When one leader came to his school，he took the chance and asked for a toilet．59．What can you learn from the passage？When you start by changing yourself and have courage，you can make a difference to the world．．【解答】57．He is from India．细节理解题．根据文中的第一行13﹣year﹣old Omkar Dubey from India shows…"他来自印度"可知答案．58．When one leader came to his school，he took the chance and asked for a toilet．细节理解题．根据由文中When one leader came to his school，he took the chance and asked for a toilet"他抓住机会，向领导要求，修建了厕所"可知答案．59．When you start by changing yourself and have courage，you can make a difference to the world．推理归纳题．根据13﹣year﹣old Omkar Dubey from India shows that when you start by changing yourself and have courage，you can make a difference to the world"只要你有勇气改变自己，世界也会因你而改变"可知答案．4．（2012•株洲）Annie lived alone in Chicago．One day，she fell down in her bedroom and broke her leg．So she tried to call her friend Lisa．But she dialed（拨打）a wrong number．The call reached Taylor，an 18﹣year﹣old girl．She was a college student and she lived hundreds of miles away from Chicago．At that time Taylor was reading in bed．She thought it was somebody playing a joke．When she was going to hang up the phone，she heard a woman saying"Help!Help!"From it Taylor thought something bad must have happened to the woman．After she got the woman's name and address，Taylor called 911at once．Then she tried to make Annie feel comfortable．She spoke to Annie on the phone till the doctors arrived at Annie's house．At last Annie was taken to hospital in time．As soon as Annie felt better，she wrote a letter to Taylor to thank her．57．Who answered the telephone？Taylor58．How did Taylor help Annie？She called 911．59．Why did Annie write the letter to Taylor？Because she wanted to thank her．【解答】答案：57、Taylor 细节理解题根据第一段The call reached Taylor．可知Taylor接到了电话．故答案为Taylor58、She called 911．细节理解题根据第二段Taylor called 911at once．Then she triedto make Annie feel comfortable．She spoke to Annie on the phone till the doctors arrived at Annie's house．At last Annie was taken to hospital in time．可知Taylor通过拨打911帮助了Annie．故答案为She called 911．59、Because she wanted to thank her．细节理解题根据最后一段As soon as Annie feltbetter，she wrote a letter to Taylor to thank her．可知Annie 一感觉好点了，就给Taylor写信感谢她，故答案为Because she wanted to thank her．5．（2011•株洲）阅读判断阅读下面的短文，判断文后的句子是否符合短文内容．符合的写"T"，不符合的写"F"．Howard Carter was a famous explorer（探险家）．He loved to visit new places．During his life，he discovered many important and exciting things．Howard Carter did not go to school．But he was smart and wanted to learn the world outside his hometown．In 1891，at the age of 17，he went to Egypt（埃及）by ship．By the 1920s，he had become an explorer，looking for the tombs（坟墓）of the Egyptian kings．He found several important ones．Inside the tombs，he found jewels，gold and 10bodies of dead kings．These bodies are known as mummies（木乃伊）．In 1922，Howard Carter made his mostimportant discovery of all．When Carter's team was working at a place near a city called Luxor，they found the tomb of King Tutankhamun．Not long after the tomb was opened，people in Carter's team began to get ill and die strangely．Within seven years，21people who had something to do with the opening of the tomb died However，Howard Carter lived on and died at the age of 65．41．Howard Carter liked to visit new places．T．42．Howard Carter was born in 1877．F．43．Carter's team found the tomb of King Tutankhamun in 1922．T．44．The passage tells us Carter's school life．F．【解答】41．T 细节理解题．根据第一句"Howard Carter was a famous explorer．He loved to visit new places．"可知其中的he指代前一句的主语Howard Carter．故答案为T．42．F 计算推理题．根据"In 1891，at the age of 17"可知在1891年时17岁，那么他出生在1891﹣17＝1874年．故答案为F．43．T 细节理解题．根据"In 1922，Howard Carter made his most important discovery of all．When Carter's team was working at a place near a city called Luxor，they found the tomb of King Tutankhamun．"可知他们是在1922年发现了国王图坦卡蒙的陵墓．故答案为T．44．F 细节理解题．根据"Howard Carter did not go to school．"可知霍华德卡特没有上过学，所以本文不可能是讲他的学校生活的．故答案为F．6．（2010•株洲）Alexander Graham Bell was born in Scotland．He only attended school（上学）for five years，from the time he was 10 until he was 14，but he never stopped learning．He read the books in his grandfather's library．When he was a teenager，he and his brother Melly used the voice box of a dead sheep to makea speaking machine that cried，"Mama!"This created even more interest in human speech andhow it worked．Bell drew up a plan for the telephone and continued to experiment．He knew he would have towork quickly to get the patent（专利权）．He worked hard and succeeded at last．Because Bell had the patent，he had the right to be the only one to produce telephones in the U．S．for the next 19 years．He showed the invention to Queen Victoria of England and she wanted lines to connect her castles（城堡）．By 1917，nearly all of the United States had telephone service．Bell continued to invent other things．He became a U．S．citizen，but he died in Canada at the age of 75．41．Bell only went to school for five years．T42．Bell invented the telephone but he didn't get the patent．F43．He showed the invention to American president．F44．The passage tells us Bell's life．T．【解答】41．T．细节理解题．根据"He only attended school（上学）for five years"可知他只上了5年的学，所以这个题目是正确的，故填T．42．F．细节理解题．根据"He worked hard and succeeded at last．Because Bell had the patent，he had the right to be the only one to produce telephones in the U．S．for the next 19 years．"可知他最后成功了，并拥有电话的专利权，所以这个题是错误的，故填F．43．F．细节理解题．根据"He showed the invention to Queen Victoria of England"他把电话的发明呈现给了英国维多利亚女王，而不是美国总统，所以这个题是错误的，故选F．44．T．主旨大意题．根据"Alexander Graham Bell was born in Scotland"以及"He became a U．S．citizen，but he died in Canada at the age of 75．"可知本文主要介绍了贝尔从出生到去世的有关事迹，所以这个题是正确的，故填T．二．阅读表达（共2小题）7．（2018•株洲）We live in Bedford，a town near London．My father is a hard﹣working pilot，so he doesn't have much time to look after us．When I was a kid，my mum liked to make breakfast food for dinner every now and then．And I remember one night in particular，when she had made breakfast food after a long，hard day at hospital．On that evening so long ago，my mum placed a plate of eggs，sausage and terribly burnt biscuits in front of my dad．I remember waiting to see if anyone notices．Yet all my dad did was reach for a biscuit，smile at my mum and ask my brother and me how we had been doing at school．I don't remember what I told him that night，but I do remember watching him put butter and jelly on that biscuit and eat every bite!When I got up from the table that evening，I remember hearing my mum apologize to my dad for burning the biscuits．And I will never forget what he said，" Honey，I love burnt biscuits．"Later that night，I went to kiss my dad good night and I asked him if he really liked his biscuits burnt．He wrapped me in his arms and said，" Your mum is really tired after a hard day's work．Besides，a little burnt biscuit could never hurt anyone．We have been married for 17 years．She always cooks for me．Don't put the key to your happiness in someone else's pocked but into your own．"（1）what is the father？ A pilot．（2）Where does the mother work？In the hospital．（3）How many people are there in the family？Four．（4）How long have the mother and father been married？For 17 years．（5）Why did the father eat the burnt biscuits？Because the mother is really tired after a hard day's work and a little burnt biscuit could never hurt anyone．【解答】1．A pilot．细节理解题．根据第一段句子My father is a hard﹣working pilot，我父亲是一个勤劳的飞行员．可知是一名飞行员．故答案为A pilot．2．In the hospital．细节理解题．根据第二段句子And I remember one night in particular，when she had made breakfast food after a long，hard day at hospital．我记得有一天晚上，她在医院度过了漫长而艰难的一天后，做了早餐食品．可知在医院里．故答案为In thehospital．3．Four．细节归纳题．根据整篇文章内容及其句子My father is a hard﹣working pilot，我父亲是一个勤劳的飞行员．When I was a kid，my mum liked to make breakfast food for dinner every now and then．当我还是个孩子的时候，我妈妈喜欢不时地为晚餐做早餐食物．ask my brother and me how we had been doing at school．问我和我弟弟我们在学校的表现．可知有作者，爸爸，妈妈和弟弟四口人．故答案为Four．4．For 17 years．细节理解题．根据最后一段句子We have been married for 17years．我们已经结婚17年了．可知结婚17年了．故答案为For 17 years．5．Because the mother is really tired after a hard day's work and a little burnt biscuit could never hurt anyone．细节理解题．根据最后一段句子He wrapped me in his arms and said，"Your mum is really tired after a hard day's work．Besides，a little burnt biscuit could never hurt anyone．他把我抱在怀里，说："辛苦工作了一天，你妈妈真的很累．"另外，一点烧焦的饼干不会伤害任何人．可知因为在辛苦工作了一天之后，母亲真的很累，而一块小小的烧焦的饼干永远不会伤害到任何人．故答案为Because the mother is really tired after a hard day's work and a little burnt biscuit could never hurt anyone．8．（2017•株洲）I was walking around a big store，when I saw a shop assistant talking to a boy of5 or6 years old．The assistant said，"I'm sorry，but you don't have enough money to buy thisdoll．"Then the little boy turned to me and asked，"Uncle，are you sure I don't have enough money？I counted his money and replied，"You know that you don't have enough money to buy the doll，my dear．"I asked him who he wished to give this doll to．"I wanted to give the doll to my sister for her birthday．I have to give the doll to my mommy so that she can give it to my sister when she goes there"His eyes were so sad while saying this．"My sister has gone to be with God．Daddy says that Mommy is going to see God very soon too，All was because of a traffic accident"My heart nearly stopped．The little boy looked up at me and said"I told Daddy to tell Mommy not to go yet．I need her to wait until I come back from the store．"I quickly reached for my wallet and said to the boy，"I suppose we checked again，just in case（万一）you do have enough money？""Ok，"he said．"I hope that I have enough．"I added some of my money to his without letting him see and we started to count it．There was enoughfor the doll and even some spare money left．The little boy became very excited．I left the store，feeling as if my life had been changed forever．66．Where did the writer meet the boy？The writer met the boy in a big store．67．What did the boy what to buy？ A doll．68．What happened to the boy's family？ A traffic accident happened．His sister died and his mother was badly hurt．69．Why did the boy want to give his sister a gift？Because he wanted to give the doll to his sister for her birthday．70．Why did the writer add some money without the boy seeing？Because the writer wanted the boy to believe he had enough money．【解答】66．The writer met the boy in a big store．细节理解题，根据I was walking around a big store，when I saw a shop assistant talking to a boy of 5 or 6 years old当我走在一家大商店附近时，这时我看到一个店员正在和一个五六岁大的小男孩谈话，故答案为The writer met the boy in a big store．67．A doll．细节理解题，根据but you don't have enough money to buy this doll但是你的钱不够买这个洋娃娃的，可知男孩要买洋娃娃，故答案为A doll．68．A traffic accident happened．His sister died and his mother was badly hurt．细节理解题，根据My sister has gone to be with God．Daddy says that Mommy is going to see God very soon too，All was because of a traffic accident我的妹妹已经跟上帝在一起了，爸爸说妈妈很快也去见上帝了，所有这些都是因为一场交通事故，故答案为 A traffic accident happened．His sister died and his mother was badly hurt．69．Because he wanted to give the doll to his sister for her birthday．细节理解题，根据I wanted to give the doll to my sister for her birthday我想把这个洋娃娃作为生日礼物送给我妹妹，可知小男孩为了给妹妹送生日礼物，故答案为Because he wanted to give the doll to his sister for her birthday．70．Because the writer wanted the boy to believe he had enough money．细节理解题，根据Ok，"he said．"I hope that I have enough．"好的，他说，我希望我的钱足够，故答案为Because the writer wanted the boy to believe he had enough money。

2018年湖南省长沙市中考英语真题及答案A．XXX．7．What does Eric like to do in his free time？A．XXX TV．听第七段对话，回答第8、9小题。

8．What is the man going to do？A．Go XXX．9．What does the woman suggest the man do？A．XXX．听第八段对话，回答第10至12小题。

10．What is the woman's problem？A．XXX her password．C．She can't find her phone．11．What does the man suggest the woman do？A．XXX．12．What does the woman say about her phone？A．It's XXX.听第九段对话，回答第13至15小题。

13．What is the man's favorite subject？A．XXX．14．What does the woman think of math？A．It'XXX．15．What does the man think of science？A．It'XXX．听第十段独白，回答第16至20小题。

16．What is the XXX？A．XXX．17．What does the speaker like about her hobby？A．It'XXX．18．What does the speaker do when she's not doing her hobby？A．XXX．19．What does the speaker say about her favorite sport？A．It'XXX．20．What does the speaker say about her favorite food？A．It'XXX's easy to make．C．It's expensive．参考答案：1-5 ACACA 6-10 CBBAC 11-15 ABCAC 16-20 ABBCA7.Where does the girl's father work?A。

长沙市2018年初中学业水平考试英语答案解析Ⅰ.听力技能1.【答案】C2.【答案】B3.【答案】B4.【答案】C5.【答案】A6.【答案】C7.【答案】A8.【答案】B9.【答案】B10.【答案】B11.【答案】A12.【答案】C13.【答案】B14.【答案】A15.【答案】C16.【答案】C17.【答案】A18.【答案】C19.【答案】A20.【答案】BⅡ.知识运用第一节语法填空21.【答案】C【解析】句意为：天气预报说今天下午有阵雨。

是吗？我们最好现在就离开，以防万一，had better do sth.为固定用法，意为“最好做某事”。

故选C。

【考点】固定用法。

22.【答案】B【解析】句意为：那边的那位男士是Adam吗？不可能是他。

他去香港度假了。

must意为“一定”，表示肯定推测；can't意为“不可能”，表示否定推测；mustn't意为“禁止，不许”，不表示推测。

故选B.【考点】情态动词辨析。

23.【答案】C【解析】句意为：这对双胞胎看起来长得一样吗？不，Jane比Claire 高一点。

此处应用a little修饰形容词的比较级“taller”。

可修饰比较级的词有：much，a lot，far，a little，a bit，still，even等。

故选C。

【考点】副词辨析。

24.【答案】A【解析】句意为：我可以吃几个苹果？你可以吃两个（苹果），剩下的（苹果）是给Jim的。

the others特指某一范围内的其他的（人或物），相当于the other+名词复数；others泛指“其他的人或物”，相当于other+名词；the other表示“两者中的另一个”。

根据句意可知，此处指这些苹果中剩下的，表特指。

故选A。

【考点】代词辨析。

25.【答案】A【解析】句意为：除非你有驾驶证，否则你不许开车上路。

unless意为“除非”，符合句意；if意为“如果”；since意为“自从”，均与句意不符。

翻译一．填空题（共4小题）1．（2016?长沙）Reading an English newspaper is a good way to improve a student's language ability．As there are many useful and common words in an English newspaper，it may help students increase their vocabulary（词汇量）as well as improve their reading skills．（66）他们可以从报纸上学到新的知识．But what is the proper way to read an English newspaper？Do students need to look over all the content（内容）of the newspaper？The first step is to choose a right newspaper with good language．Then turn to the front page and read the headlines（标题）to know what has happened．As the most important things are put on the front page，it's easy to find out what you're interested in and then turn to the page to read it completely．（67）There is no need to go through all the articles．Secondly，read newspapers every day．Remember words through context（上下文），in which these words may appear repeatedly．（68）Once they appear several times，you will remember them easily．Don't look up every unknown word in your dictionary．You can try to guess the meaning between sentences．（69）如果你的猜测错了，不要放弃．Keep reading，and you will become familiar with the words after reading them several times in different texts．Reading English newspapers makes us knowledgeable．（70）It can not only help us know what is happening in the world but also improve our language．66．They can learn new knowledge from newspapers67．没有必要浏览所有的文章68．一旦这些词出现多次，你就能轻而易举地记住它们了69．If your guess is wrong，don't give up70．读英语报纸不仅能帮助我们了解时事，而且还能提高我们的语言水平．【解答】66．They can learn new knowledge from newspapers，考察英汉互译，分析汉语句子含义，学习新知识是learning new knowledge，而从报纸上是学习的途径和方法，可以用from来表示，由此确定填写They can learn new knowledge from newspapers．67．没有必要浏览所有的文章．考察英汉互译，固定句式There is no need to do sth译为没有必要做某事，go through译为浏览，在此指浏览所有文章，由此确定答案为"没有必要浏览所有的文章"68．一旦这些词出现多次，你就能轻而易举地记住它们了．考察英汉互译，分析句子结构，once在此译为一旦，用来引导条件状语从句，在从句中，they指代前面一句出现的these words，由此确定此句可翻译为一旦这些词汇出现很多次；后面一句是此条件背后引发的结果，动词为remember，译为记住，而副词easily用来修饰remember表示容易记住，由此确定此题答案为"一旦这些词出现多次，你就能轻而易举地记住它们了"．69．If your guess is wrong，don't give up．考察英汉互译，分析句子结构，如果你的猜测错了应该是条件状语从句，由于后句中用到的将来时（will），所以此处应该用一般现在时表示将来，对于后句部分直译为不要放弃，可以用don't引导的祈使句，放弃为give up，由此确定填写"If your guess is wrong，don't give up．"70．读英语报纸不仅能帮助我们了解时事，而且还能提高我们的语言水平．考察英汉互译，分析句子结构，用到的句型为not noly…but also，译为不仅…还…此处it指代上文Reading English newspapers，译为读英语报纸；help sb do sth译为帮助某人做某事，what is happening in the world 在此为宾语从句，表明知道的内容，那就是知道世界发生的事情，由此确定填写"读英语报纸不仅能帮助我们了解时事，而且还能提高我们的语言水平" 2．（2013?长沙）Australia is the greatest island in the world．（71）澳大利亚比中国小一点．Australia is big，but there are fewer people there．The population（人口）of Australia is smaller than that of Shanghai，a city of China．（72）Australia is in the south of the earth．So when it is hot summer in our country，Australia will be cold winter．The seasons in Australia and in China are just opposite（相反的）．Summer in Australia is from December to February，and winter is from July to August．（73）When it's spring in China，it will be autumn in Australia．（74）澳大利亚因绵羊和袋鼠而著名．They are both popular in Australia．（75）You can see kangaroos（袋鼠）not only in zoos but also outside the cities and towns．There are ten sheep for everyone in the country．So people call Australia"The country on the backs of sheep"．After a short drive from any town，you will find yourself in the middle of white sheep．Sheep，sheep，sheep，sheep are everywhere．Have you seen a kangaroo？It has a"bag"on its body．The mother kangaroo keeps its baby kangaroos in the"bag"．It's very strange，isn't it？71．Australia is a little smaller than China72．澳大利亚在地球的南部73．当中国是春季时，澳大利亚是秋季74．Australia is famous for sheep and kangaroos75．你不但在动物园可以看到袋鼠，而且在城，镇以外的地方可以看到袋鼠．【解答】71．Australia is a little smaller than China．汉译英：根据句意可知是比较状语从句，a little smaller小一点；than比．所以本句翻译成：Australia is a littlesmaller than China．72．澳大利亚在地球的南部．英译汉：根据in the south of 在…的南部；be动词是is；the earth地球．所以本句汉语意思为：澳大利亚在地球的南部．73．当中国是春季时，澳大利亚是秋季．英译汉：根据when连词，当…时候，引导时间状语从句；will be将是，一般将来时态．所以本句汉语意思为：当中国是春季时，澳大利亚将是秋季．74．Australia is famous for sheep and kangaroos．汉译英：根据be famous for因…而著名；sheep and kangaroos绵羊和袋鼠．所以本句翻译成：Australia is famous for sheep and kangaroos．75．你不但在动物园可以看到袋鼠，而且在城，镇以外的地方可以看到袋鼠．英译汉：not only…but also…不但…而且…；outside the cities and towns在城市与城镇以外．所以本句汉语意思为：你不但在动物园可以看到袋鼠，而且在城市与城镇以外的地方也可以看到袋鼠．3．（2012?长沙）In the animal world，color is very important to nature's animals，birds and insects （昆虫）．Often it can save their lives．Nature is beautiful and we can see its beauty everywhere．（71）自然界色彩丰富．Plants，animals，birds and insects have many beautiful colors．Color，however，for animals，birds and insects is not only beauty．It means life to them because it helps them hide from other dangerous animals．（72）Some birds use their colors to tell other birds to stay away from their"houses"on the tree．They sing and move their wings to show their colors as a message to other birds．（73）One kind of butterfly is orange and black，Birds do not like eating them because they have a bad taste．Once a bird eats this kind of butterfly，it remembers the bad taste．After that，it will never eat another orange and black butterfly．Some moths（飞蛾）use colors to make birds afraid of them．A bird can remember the colorsor marks on the moth's body．The bird sees the colors or the marks and doesn't eat the moth．One kind of fish can change its color．（74）这颜色与海洋植物的颜色相同．Other fish can't see it．Of course，the chameleon（变色龙）is the most famous because he can change his body as he walks from a tree onto green plane （75）You can see him turn green as you watch．（71）Nature is full of colors．（72）一些鸟用它们的颜色警告其它鸟不要靠近它们在树上的窝．（73）有一种蝴蝶，橙色与黑色相间．（74）The color is the same as the sea plants．（75）当你观察的时候，你会看着他变成绿色．．【解答】71．答案：Nature is full of colors．汉译英．原句可以用be full of"充满…"表达，主语"自然界"Nature，不可数名词，表示客观事实用一般现在时态，因此用be动词单数is．"色彩"colors复数形式．答案是Nature is full of colors．72．答案：一些鸟用它们的颜色警告其它鸟不要靠近它们在树上的窝．英译汉．这是一个陈述句，主语"Some birds"一些鸟．use sth to do sth使用某物做某事．their colors"它们的颜色"，tell sb to do sth"告诉某人做某事"，不定式to后用动词原形tell．other birds其它鸟．stay away from远离．不定式to后用动词原形stay．their houses它们的房子．on the tree 在树上．地点状语．答案是一些鸟用它们的颜色警告其它鸟不要靠近它们在树上的窝．73．答案：有一种蝴蝶，橙色与黑色相间．英译汉．one kind of"一种…"，后跟名词butterfly 蝴蝶．谓语动词用单数is是．orange and black橙色和黑色，形容词，系表结构．答案是有一种蝴蝶，橙色与黑色相间．74．答案：The color is the same as the sea plants．汉译英．主语"这颜色"the color．be the same as与…相同．主语是不可数名词，一般现在时态，因此用be动词单数is．"海洋植物"the sea plants．答案是The color is the same as the sea plants．75．答案：当你观察的时候，你会看着他变成绿色．英译汉．这是as"当…时候"引导的时间状语从句．强调主句和从句中的动作同时发生，主句主语you你，情态动词can后跟动词原形see看到．see sb do sth看到某人做完某事．him代指变色龙．turn green变绿色．从句主语you你，watch观看．答案是当你观察的时候，你会看着他变成绿色．4．（2011?长沙）翻译语篇阅读下面的短文，将划线部分译成英文或中文．"If he doesn't call me，I'm going to die!"That's a pretty normal feeling．It means you are"in love"﹣kind of．It's puppy love（早恋，初恋），not real love﹣not true love，yet．Puppy love is common among students all over the world．In the West，people think puppy love is a healthy part of a teenager's life．（71）在中国，父母和老师们认为这是个问题In China，parents and teachers think it is a problem．Puppy love is beautiful．It's cool to love someone，or be loved by someone else instead of your mother or your dog．It can make you a better person．（72）你会懂得怎样用爱去帮助他人．You will know how to use your love to help other people．If you find yourself"in love"，it's OK，but…wait!（73）Now you have a lot of important things to do．现在你有许多重要的事情要做．Think of these questions：Will you still love him or her ten years later？Do you have enough education to find a good job and live a happy life with the person you love in the future？What would you do if you found someone better than him or her？I bet（打赌）you are not sure of these answers．Why？（74）Because you are too young to understand true love．因为你太小还不懂真爱．（75）当你长大时，真爱就会来临．True love will come when you grow up．Now，you should try to be the best person you can be，and do the very best you can．That means doing well at school and being a good son or daughter first．【解答】71．在中国，父母和老师们认为这是个问题．英译汉题．in China表示在中国的含义，parents and teachers表示父母和老师的含义，think后是省略了that的宾语从句， a problem表示的含义为一个问题，故本句可翻译为在中国，父母和老师认为它是个问题．72．你会懂得怎样用爱去帮助他人．英译汉题．will know表示将会知道的含义，疑问词+to do作为know的宾语，use your love表示使用的爱的含义，to help others表示去帮助别人的含义，动词不定式作目的状语．故本句可翻译为你将会懂得如何用你的爱来帮助别人73．Now you have a lot of important things to do．汉译英题．表达客观事实用一般现在时，a lot of important things表示许多重要事情的含义，后使用动词不定式to do作为后置定语，故本句可翻译为Now you have a lot of important things to do．74．Because you are too young to understand true love．汉译英题．表达客观事实用一般现在时，because表示原因，意思为因为，too…to表示太…而不能的含义，understand true love 表示明白真爱的含义，故本句可翻译为Because you are too young to understand true love．75．当你长大时，真爱就会来临．英译汉题．when引导时间状语从句，表示当…时候的意思，grow up表示长大的含义，true love表示真爱的含义，时态遵循主将从现．故本句可翻译为当你长大了真爱就会到来．二．阅读理解（共3小题）5．（2015?长沙）What are magic words？Words like‘thank you'，‘please'and‘sorry'can work wonders in our daily life．These polite expressions are used every day in American﹣among strangers，between friends or with family．（66）People with good manners always communicate with others well by using these magic words．What should you do when you receive a gift for your birthday？（67）你最好坐下来写一封感谢信．（68）The words‘thank you'are very important and used very often．We say them when someone hands us a letter，passes us a book，offers us a drinks，or lends us an umbrella．‘Please'is another important word，but many people forget to use it．It is not polite to ask someone for help without saying‘please'．（69）We are supposed to use it when we ask for something，too．It may be a book，a pen，or more milk．It may be in the classroom，at home，or at the bus stop．We can use‘please'to make a request（请求）pleasant．（70）我们也应该学会说‘对不起'．If we have hurt someone's feeling，we will have to say ‘sorry'．When we have told a lie and regret it，the same word should be used．Sometimes we have forgotten something or broken a promise，so we need to explain with the word as a beginning．‘sorry'is such a word that can make people forget wrongs．‘Thank you!Please!Sorry!'﹣these words are simple but useful．Man said them long ago．We use them now．So will our kids．66．有礼貌的人经常通过使用这些有魔力的词汇与别人很好的交流．67．You'd better sit down and write a thank﹣you note．68．"谢谢"这类词非常重要并且经常被使用69．当我们需要某些东西的时候，我们也应该使用它．70．We should learn to say "sorry"too．【解答】66．有礼貌的人经常通过使用这些有魔力的词汇与别人很好的交流．英汉互译题．good manners 好的习惯，有礼貌，with的这个短语在句中做后置定语，修饰前面的名词people；communicatewith others是一个固定的短语，和某人交流；by using these magic words是一个介词短语做方式状语，通过使用这些有魔力的词汇．故答案为：有礼貌的人经常通过使用这些有魔力的词汇与别人很好的交流．67．You'd better sit down and write a thank﹣you note．英汉互译题．had better固定短语，最好…，后面应跟动词的原形；sit down坐下来；write a letter/note写一封信．根据句意可知，这里说的是感谢信，thank﹣you是合成形容词，感谢的，修饰后面的名词note．这句话中用and 将两个谓语动词连接起来．故答案为：You'd better sit down and write a thank ﹣you note．68．"谢谢"这类词非常重要并且经常被使用．英汉互译题．thank you谢谢，是固定的短语；important重要的，是一个形容词；used 前面省略了be动词，这里应该是一个被动语态，像"谢谢"这样的词经常被使用．故答案为："谢谢"这类词非常重要并且经常被使用．69．当我们需要某些东西的时候，我们也应该使用它．英汉互译题．be supposed to do sth．是一个固定的句型，应该去做某事；when在句中引导了一个时间状语从句；ask for sth．需要某个东西，想要某个东西；当有从句时，为了使句意通顺，我们可以先翻译从句的意思．故答案为：当我们需要某些东西的时候，我们也应该使用它．70．We should learn to say "sorry" too．英汉互译题．should是情态动词，意思是应该，后跟动词的原形；learn to do sth．学会做某事，是一个固定的句型；say"sorry"说对不起．too 也，是一个副词，常放在句末．故答案为：We should learn to say "sorry" too．6．（2014?长沙）Sometimes you feel busy and worried．（66）．你可能有许多事情要做，时间却不够．You may wonder，"Where does time go？"Here are some ideas to help you make use of it and find more free time to enjoy your life．Plan ahead of time．（67）It's necessary for you to make a plan at the beginning of a week or a day．Think of what you really need and don't need to do．Spare（匀出）some time to have a short rest and look back on what you've done．You may have a sense of success．Say no to yourself．If you are not excited about attending（出席）a social activity，then don't go．（68）呆在家里休息．If you plan to go to a supermarket but it is raining heavily，why not stay inside？It's fine to change your mind and do your shopping another day．Change your pace（节奏）．If you usually go shopping on Saturday，choose a weekday night to go instead．（69）．The stores are less crowded on Wednesday evening than Saturday afternoon．You can feel better if you regard your way home as taking a relaxing walk after supper．Focus on（关注）simple pleasures．（70）When your day's work is done，it's time to get yourself relaxed．A pleasant bath，a cup of coffee or a gentle song can be enough．Although expensive relaxation is nice，when you focus on simple pleasures，you'll get more．66．You may have a lot things to do but you don′t have enough time．67．在每天或者每周开始做一个计划对于你来说很有必要．68．You can stay at home and have a rest．69．商店在周三晚上不如周六晚上拥堵．70．当你一天的工作都完成了，是时候放松自己了．．【解答】66．You may have a lot of things to do but you don't have enough time．本句描述的是客观性事实，故用一般现在时，不定式作定语表示具体的动作，"有许多事情要做"译为have a lot of things to do，故填You mayhave a lot of things to do but you don't have enough time．67．在每天或每周开始的时候做一个计划对于你来说很有必要．本题考查的知识点是一个固定的句型：It is+adj．for sb．to do sth．是"做某事对于某人来说怎么样…"，"在…开始"是at the beginningof…，故译为：在每天或每周开始的时候做一个计划对于你来说很有必要．68．You can stay at home and have a rest．本题所考查的知识点是时对短语和固定搭配的理解，"stay at home"是呆在家里，"have a rest"是休息，故译为You can stay at home andhave a rest．69．商店在周三晚上不如周六晚上拥堵．本题所考查的知识点是时对短语和固定搭配的理解，"less…than…，是"…不如…"，less后修饰形容词，故译为：商店在周三晚上不如周六晚上堵．70．当你一天的工作都完成的时候，是时候放松自己了．本题所考查的知识点是时对短语和固定搭配的理解，"be time to do sth．"是"该做…某事了"，"get sb adj．"是"让某人怎么样"，故译为：当你一天的工作都完成的时候，是时候放松自己了．7．（2010?长沙）翻译语篇阅读下面的短文，将划线部分译成英文或中文Salt is very important to us．71．Without enough salt，we will get ill．Animals need salt，too．They need salt to grow strong．Most of salt comes from the sea．72．People dig very big pools and let sea water in．When the sun dries up the water，people can get the salt from the ground．There are a lot of salt wells（井）in our country．People bring the well water up to the ground and then dry it up in big jars（罐子）over fire．73．用这种方式，人们得到盐．We can also get salt from salt mines（矿）．The salt mines are under the ground．74．A few years ago，China，people found a big salt mine in China．In the northwest of China，there are a great number of salt lakes．75．其中有些湖很大．The salt in these lakes will be enough for all the people in our country for as long as hundreds of years．71．没有足够的盐，我们将会生病，72．人们挖很大的池子，然后让海水进入．73．In this way，people get salt．74．几年前，人们在中国发现一个大盐矿．75．Some of these lakes are very big．【解答】71．没有足够的盐，我们将会生病．细节理解题，根据题干，可知without enough salt没有足够的盐；get ill生病，故答案为：没有足够的盐，我们将会生病．72．人们挖很大的池子，然后让海水进入．细节理解题，根据题干，可知dig挖；big pools 大池子；let…in让…进入，故答案为：人们挖很大的池子，然后让海水进入．73．In this way，people get salt．细节理解题，根据题干，可知用这种方式in this way；得到盐get salt，时态为一般现在时，故答案为：In this way，people get salt．74．几年前，人们在中国发现一个大盐矿．细节理解题，根据题干，可知a few years ago 几年前；a big salt mine一个大盐矿；in China在中国，故答案为：几年前，人们在中国发现一个大盐矿．75．Some of these lakes are very big．细节理解题，根据题干，可知：其中有些湖Some of these lakes，be big大的；时态为一般现在时，故答案为：Some of these lakes are very big．三．阅读表达（共1小题）8．（2018?长沙）People have been trying to find out if homework is good or bad for school children，and they have different opinions．（1）Some people think that homework is an important part of learning for students．They believe it not only enables children to practice what they have learned in class，but also helps improve their handwriting．They also say that homework helps teach children how to work on their own．（2）Also，it's a skill which is useful to them in future life．Others disagree，though．（3）他们认为家庭作业给孩子们太多的压力．And the time spent on homework could have been used to do other activities like reading and playing sports．To back up their opinion，they give the example of Finland（芬兰）．（4）在芬兰，学生几乎没什么作业．But the country remains one of the most educationally successful countries in the world．Here is my point of view（观点）on this matter．（5）Whether the homework is good or bad depends on the purpose of it．If there is no clear reason for giving homework，the students won't get anything from doing it，so it should not be set．However，I still believe that homework can really help with children's learning，if teachers clearly tell them why they should do the homework and let them know how they have done in their homework．（1）一些人认为家庭作业是学生学习的一个重要部分．（2）而且，这是一种对他们未来生活有用的技能．（3）They think homework puts too much stress on children．（4）In Finland．students have little homework．（5）家庭作业的好坏取决于其目的．【解答】1．一些人认为家庭作业是学生学习的一个重要部分．这是一个宾语从句，Some people think是主句，一些人认为，后面是宾语从句，an important part of learning 是学生学习的一个重要部分．句子翻译题．故答案为：一些人认为家庭作业是学生学习的一个重要部分．2．而且，这是一种对他们未来生活有用的技能．句子翻译题．which is useful to them in future life是定语从句，先行词是skill．故答案为：而且，这是一种对他们未来生活有用的技能．3．homework puts too much stress on children．句子翻译题．上下文是一般现在时，此处也应该是一般现在时．They think 是主句，后面是宾语从句，homework是不可数名词，动词应该是第三人称单数．puts too much stress on children给孩子们太多的压力．故答案为：They think homework puts too much stress on children．4．In Finland，students have little homework．句子翻译题．上下文是一般现在时，此处也应该是一般现在时．little几乎没有，很少，修饰不可数名词．故答案为：In Finland，students have little homework．5．家庭作业的好坏取决于其目的．句子翻译题．Whether the homework is good or bad 家庭作业的好坏，depend on取决于．故答案为：家庭作业的好坏取决于其目的第11页（共11页）。

补全对话一．补全对话（共8小题）1．（2018?长沙）A：Hey，Emily，how's it going？B：（1）Pretty good．You know what？I've made some progress in English，and I got an "A" in the last exam．A：Wow，good for you! Your efforts finally paid off．（2）How did you make such progress？B：Well，I just listened to the teacher carefully in class．Besides，reading English newspapers andnovels helped me a lot．A：No wonder grammar is just a piece of cake for you now．B：Anyhow，I still have a long way to go．By the way．I called you at nine o'clock last night，butyou didn't answer．（3）What were you doing？A：Oh，terribly sorry．I was watching the movie Amazing China．（4）Have you ever watched it？B：Yes，I have．Amazing China really shows us how amazing China is! All the Chinese people are proud of our country．A：I can't agree more．I'd like to watch more movies like that after the big exam in June．But nowI have to go all out for the exam．B：You are right．Study comes first．Good luck，my friend．A：（5）Thank you．The same to you!【解答】1．Pretty good．细节推理题．根据前句how's it going？你好吗？可知应说很好．故答案为Pretty good．2．How did you make such progress？细节推理题．根据后句I just listened to the teacher carefully in class．Besides，reading English newspapers and novels helped me a lot．我只是在课堂上认真听老师讲课．此外，阅读英语报刊，小说帮了我很多．可知应说你如何取得这样的进步？故答案为How did you make such progress？3．What were you doing？细节推理题．根据后句terribly sorry．I was watching the movie Amazing China．非常抱歉．我在看电影《神奇中国》．可知应说你在做什么？故答案为What were you doing？4．Have you ever watched it？细节推理题．根据后句Yes，I have．Amazing China really shows us how amazing China is! All the Chinese people are proud of our country．是的，我看过．神奇的中国向我们展示了中国是多么的神奇!所有的中国人都为我们的国家感到骄傲．可知你看过它吗？故答案为Have you ever watched it？5．Thank you．细节推理题．根据前后句You are right．Study comes first．Good luck，my friend．你是对的．首先要注意学习．祝你好运，我的朋友．可知应说谢谢．故答案为Thank you．2．（2016?长沙）A：Hey，Peter!You look tired．（71）What's up？B：I didn't get enough sleep last night．A：Were you just doing your homework last night？B：（72）Yes，I was．Mountains of homework，math，chemistry，Chinese …I didn't finish it until midnight．A：Poor guy!No wonder you don't look well．B：You know，less sleep is bad for my health．I am not as energetic as before．（73）Can you give me some advice？A：Sure．I advise you to make a plan before doing your homework．First things first．And you'd better do some outdoor sports．B：（74）Sounds great．I am going to follow your advice．Thank you．A：Um …If you are too busy on weekdays，just relax yourself at weekends．B：Weekends？No kidding．I have to take after﹣school classes at weekends．A：You do？（75）Why do you have to take after﹣school classes？？B：Because my parents want me to get into a good high school．A：Yes，I guess that is the reason．Perhaps you should talk to them and explain that health is the most important．B：You are right．Thanks for all the good advice．I'll try to talk to them．【解答】71．What's up？怎么了？根据You look tired．你看上去很疲惫．所以自然要问原因，你怎么了或发生了什么事，故用What's up？/What's the matter？/What's wrong withyou？等．72．Yes，I was．是的．根据后句Mountains of homework…I didn't finish it until midnight．山一样的作业…直到半夜也没做完．可知Peter昨晚的确是做作业到很晚，没有休息好．故用肯定回答：Yes，Iwas．73．Can you give me some advice？你能给我些建议吗？根据答语Sure．I advise you to…是的，我建议你…可推断Peter想要朋友给提些好建议，故用Can you give me some advice？74．Sounds great．根据I am going to follow your advice．Thank you．我会听取你的建议，谢谢．可知Peter是赞同朋友的建议的．故填：Sounds great．听起来棒极了．75．Why do you have to take after﹣school classes？你为什么要上课外辅导班呢？根据Because my parents want me to get into a good high school．可知朋友询问Peter上辅导班的原因，故填：Why do you have to take after﹣school classes？3．（2015?长沙）A：Hey，Frank，（71）Howisitgoing？？B：Pretty good．A：Did you have fun last weekend？B：（72）Yes，I did．I went to the old people's house with my friends and have a good time A：Wow，What did you do there？B：We helped the old clean their houses and chatted with them．How about you？A：I just read a science magazine．B：Oh，really？（73）Whatisitabout？？A：Hum…it is about the main cause of smog （雾霭）and ways to beat it．B：Great!But （74）Howtoliveagreenerlife？？A：We can live a greener life by using cleaner energy to solve the problem，I think．B：You do？A：Yes，natural gas is a good choice．By the way，（75）Whattimeisitnow？？B：It's 7：45now．A：Oh，God．Hurry up or we'll be late．B：OK．【解答】71．How is it going？根据下文"Pretty good!"可知，只要问最近如何即可．故答案是How is it going？。

阅读表达一．阅读理解（共6小题）1．（2016•株洲）Fifteen years ago，I drove a taxi for a living．One day I went to pick up a passenger at 2：40 A．M．When I arrived there，I walked to the door and knocked．"Just a minute，"answered a weak，elderly voice．After a while，the door opened．A small woman stood before me．She was more than eighty years old．By her side was a big bag．When we get into the taxi，she gave me an address，and then asked．"Could you drive through downtown？""It's not the shortest way．"I answered quickly．"Oh，I'm in no hurry，"she said．"I'm on my way to a hospice （临终关怀医院）．I don't have any family left．The doctor says I don't have very long．"I quietly reached over and shut off the meter （计程表）For the next two hours，we drove through the city．She showed me the building where she had once worked，the neighborhood where she had lived，and the place where she had gone dancing as a girl．Sometimes she'd ask me to slow down in front of a special building and would sit staring into the darkness，saying nothing．We drove in silence to the address she had given me"How much do I pay you？"she asked．"Nothing．"I said．"You have to make a living，"she answered．"Oh，there are other passengers．"I answered．Almost without thinking，Igave her a hug （拥抱）．She held on me and said．"You gave an old woman a moment of joy．"61．When did the driver go to pick up the woman？At2：40 A．M62．How old was the woman？She was more than eighty years old63．Where did the woman want to go？ A hospice64．How much did the woman pay the driver？Nothing65．What can we learn from the driver？An act of kindness can bring people great joy．．【解答】61．答案：At 2：40 a．m．细节理解题．根据One day I went to pick up a passenger at 2：40 A．M．可知是凌晨2：40接的客人，故填At 2：40 a．m．62．答案：She was more than eighty years old．细节理解题．根据She was more than eighty years old可知是八十多岁，故答案是She was more than eighty years old．63．答案：A hospice．细节理解题．根据I'm on my way to a hospice是要去临终关怀医院，故答案是A hospice．64．答案：Nothing．细节理解题．根据"How much do I pay you？"she asked．"Nothing．"I said．可知没付钱，免费的，故填Nothing．65．答案：An act of kindness can bring people great joy．主旨大意题．结合本文大意可知这位司机在老人剩下的不多的时间，在这短短的一段路程中带着老人穿过城市，没有收车费，最后拥抱了老人，可知司机是善良的，根据Almost without thinking，I gave her a hug （拥抱）．She held on me and said．"You gave an old woman a moment of joy．"可知司机的善行能带给人们快乐，故填An act of kindness can bring people great joy．2．（2015•株洲）A stag（雄鹿），which lived in a forest，decided to go to another forest with his family．The stag and his family enjoyed the new forest，which had thick bushes and trees．There was plenty to eat for all of them．All of a sudden，the antlers（鹿角）of the stag got caught in the overhanging branches（树枝）of a tree．The stag tried hard，but could not free himself．His wife and baby kept on watching helplessly．The stag fought for some more time but he was very tired．He thought．"We won't be able to reach our home until I have my antlers free．We came here for having a good time，I must be strong and wait．"He finally gave up and kept standing there helplessly．His wife and baby spent the whole night with him．The next morning a woodcutter who came along saw the stag．He took pity on the stag．Soon the woodcutter cut down the branches of the tree and set him free．The stag thanked the woodcutter and rushed back home with his family．On reaching home，he was very surprised to learn that a pack of lions had attacked（攻击）their area yesterday．Many lives were lost．61．What was the new forest like？The new forest had thick bushes and trees．62．How many members were there in the stag'g family？Three63．What happened to the antlers of the stag？The antlers of the stag got caught in the overhanging branches of a tree．64．How do you like the woodcutter？Kind65．Why was the stag saved？Because the stag was not at home when a pack of lions attacked the area．【解答】答案：61．细节理解题根据第一段The stag and his family enjoyed the new forest，which had thick bushes and trees．可知新的森林有茂密的灌木丛和树木，故答案为The new forest had thick bushes and trees．62．细节理解题根据第二段His wife and baby kept on watching helplessly．而它的妻子和孩子只能眼睁睁看着，无能为力．可知雄鹿家里有三名成员：雄鹿、妻子和孩子．故答案为Three．63．细节理解题根据第二段All of a sudden，the antlers（鹿角）of the stag got caught in the overhanging branches（树枝）of a tree．可知这只雄鹿的鹿角被一根悬在树上的树枝缠住了．故答案为The antlers of the stag got caught in the overhanging branches of a tree．64．细节理解题根据第四段The next morning a woodcutter who came along saw the stag．He took pity on the stagSoon the woodcutter cut down the branches of the tree and set him free第二天早上，一个伐木工来到这儿看到了这只雄鹿，很是同情它．不一会儿，伐木工砍断树上的树枝救了它．可知伐木工是个善良的人，故答案为Kind．65．细节理解题根据最后一段On reaching home，he was very surprised to learn that a pack of lions had attacked（攻击）their area yesterday．Many lives were lost．一回到家，它无比惊讶地获悉昨天一群狮子侵袭了它们居住的地方，有很多鹿都丧命了．可知因为雄鹿昨天没有在家反而逃过一劫．故答案为Because the stag was not at home when a pack of lions attacked the area．3．（2013•株洲）13﹣year﹣old Omkar Dubey from India shows that when you start by changing yourself and have courage，you can make a difference to the world．In India，more than 100million homes have no toilets．Dubey's family didn't have a toilet，either．He asked his father to build one．"I thought it would be difficult in rainy days to go outside for the toilet．If we built the toilet at home，it would be easier for all of us in the family，"he told the Indian news channel CNN﹣ⅠBN．At first，his father said it was a waste of space，but Dubey kept on asking for nearly a month．Finally his father gave in and built a toilet．Dubey's work didn't stop there．He bravely went to the leader of his village and asked him to build the first public toilet．Today，his advice has led to 13public toilets．Dubey also brought changes to his school．When one leader came to his school，he took the chance and asked for a toilet．Now the school has two clean toilets for boys and girls．"Omkar is an excellent kid．He will shine one day，"said his teacher．57．Where is Dubey from？He is from India．58．How did Dubey bring changes to his school？When one leader came to his school，he took the chance and asked for a toilet．59．What can you learn from the passage？When you start by changing yourself and have courage，you can make a difference to the world．．【解答】57．He is from India．细节理解题．根据文中的第一行13﹣year﹣old Omkar Dubey from India shows…"他来自印度"可知答案．58．When one leader came to his school，he took the chance and asked for a toilet．细节理解题．根据由文中When one leader came to his school，he took the chance and asked for a toilet"他抓住机会，向领导要求，修建了厕所"可知答案．59．When you start by changing yourself and have courage，you can make a difference to the world．推理归纳题．根据13﹣year﹣old Omkar Dubey from India shows that when you start by changing yourself and have courage，you can make a difference to the world"只要你有勇气改变自己，世界也会因你而改变"可知答案．4．（2012•株洲）Annie lived alone in Chicago．One day，she fell down in her bedroom and broke her leg．So she tried to call her friend Lisa．But she dialed（拨打）a wrong number．The call reached Taylor，an 18﹣year﹣old girl．She was a college student and she lived hundreds of miles away from Chicago．At that time Taylor was reading in bed．She thought it was somebody playing a joke．When she was going to hang up the phone，she heard a woman saying"Help!Help!"From it Taylor thought something bad must have happened to the woman．After she got the woman's name and address，Taylor called 911at once．Then she tried to make Annie feel comfortable．She spoke to Annie on the phone till the doctors arrived at Annie's house．At last Annie was taken to hospital in time．As soon as Annie felt better，she wrote a letter to Taylor to thank her．57．Who answered the telephone？Taylor58．How did Taylor help Annie？She called 911．59．Why did Annie write the letter to Taylor？Because she wanted to thank her．【解答】答案：57、Taylor 细节理解题根据第一段The call reached Taylor．可知Taylor接到了电话．故答案为Taylor58、She called 911．细节理解题根据第二段Taylor called 911at once．Then she triedto make Annie feel comfortable．She spoke to Annie on the phone till the doctors arrived at Annie's house．At last Annie was taken to hospital in time．可知Taylor通过拨打911帮助了Annie．故答案为She called 911．59、Because she wanted to thank her．细节理解题根据最后一段As soon as Annie feltbetter，she wrote a letter to Taylor to thank her．可知Annie 一感觉好点了，就给Taylor写信感谢她，故答案为Because she wanted to thank her．5．（2011•株洲）阅读判断阅读下面的短文，判断文后的句子是否符合短文内容．符合的写"T"，不符合的写"F"．Howard Carter was a famous explorer（探险家）．He loved to visit new places．During his life，he discovered many important and exciting things．Howard Carter did not go to school．But he was smart and wanted to learn the world outside his hometown．In 1891，at the age of 17，he went to Egypt（埃及）by ship．By the 1920s，he had become an explorer，looking for the tombs（坟墓）of the Egyptian kings．He found several important ones．Inside the tombs，he found jewels，gold and 10bodies of dead kings．These bodies are known as mummies（木乃伊）．In 1922，Howard Carter made his mostimportant discovery of all．When Carter's team was working at a place near a city called Luxor，they found the tomb of King Tutankhamun．Not long after the tomb was opened，people in Carter's team began to get ill and die strangely．Within seven years，21people who had something to do with the opening of the tomb died However，Howard Carter lived on and died at the age of 65．41．Howard Carter liked to visit new places．T．42．Howard Carter was born in 1877．F．43．Carter's team found the tomb of King Tutankhamun in 1922．T．44．The passage tells us Carter's school life．F．【解答】41．T 细节理解题．根据第一句"Howard Carter was a famous explorer．He loved to visit new places．"可知其中的he指代前一句的主语Howard Carter．故答案为T．42．F 计算推理题．根据"In 1891，at the age of 17"可知在1891年时17岁，那么他出生在1891﹣17＝1874年．故答案为F．43．T 细节理解题．根据"In 1922，Howard Carter made his most important discovery of all．When Carter's team was working at a place near a city called Luxor，they found the tomb of King Tutankhamun．"可知他们是在1922年发现了国王图坦卡蒙的陵墓．故答案为T．44．F 细节理解题．根据"Howard Carter did not go to school．"可知霍华德卡特没有上过学，所以本文不可能是讲他的学校生活的．故答案为F．6．（2010•株洲）Alexander Graham Bell was born in Scotland．He only attended school（上学）for five years，from the time he was 10 until he was 14，but he never stopped learning．He read the books in his grandfather's library．When he was a teenager，he and his brother Melly used the voice box of a dead sheep to makea speaking machine that cried，"Mama!"This created even more interest in human speech andhow it worked．Bell drew up a plan for the telephone and continued to experiment．He knew he would have towork quickly to get the patent（专利权）．He worked hard and succeeded at last．Because Bell had the patent，he had the right to be the only one to produce telephones in the U．S．for the next 19 years．He showed the invention to Queen Victoria of England and she wanted lines to connect her castles（城堡）．By 1917，nearly all of the United States had telephone service．Bell continued to invent other things．He became a U．S．citizen，but he died in Canada at the age of 75．41．Bell only went to school for five years．T42．Bell invented the telephone but he didn't get the patent．F43．He showed the invention to American president．F44．The passage tells us Bell's life．T．【解答】41．T．细节理解题．根据"He only attended school（上学）for five years"可知他只上了5年的学，所以这个题目是正确的，故填T．42．F．细节理解题．根据"He worked hard and succeeded at last．Because Bell had the patent，he had the right to be the only one to produce telephones in the U．S．for the next 19 years．"可知他最后成功了，并拥有电话的专利权，所以这个题是错误的，故填F．43．F．细节理解题．根据"He showed the invention to Queen Victoria of England"他把电话的发明呈现给了英国维多利亚女王，而不是美国总统，所以这个题是错误的，故选F．44．T．主旨大意题．根据"Alexander Graham Bell was born in Scotland"以及"He became a U．S．citizen，but he died in Canada at the age of 75．"可知本文主要介绍了贝尔从出生到去世的有关事迹，所以这个题是正确的，故填T．二．阅读表达（共2小题）7．（2018•株洲）We live in Bedford，a town near London．My father is a hard﹣working pilot，so he doesn't have much time to look after us．When I was a kid，my mum liked to make breakfast food for dinner every now and then．And I remember one night in particular，when she had made breakfast food after a long，hard day at hospital．On that evening so long ago，my mum placed a plate of eggs，sausage and terribly burnt biscuits in front of my dad．I remember waiting to see if anyone notices．Yet all my dad did was reach for a biscuit，smile at my mum and ask my brother and me how we had been doing at school．I don't remember what I told him that night，but I do remember watching him put butter and jelly on that biscuit and eat every bite!When I got up from the table that evening，I remember hearing my mum apologize to my dad for burning the biscuits．And I will never forget what he said，" Honey，I love burnt biscuits．"Later that night，I went to kiss my dad good night and I asked him if he really liked his biscuits burnt．He wrapped me in his arms and said，" Your mum is really tired after a hard day's work．Besides，a little burnt biscuit could never hurt anyone．We have been married for 17 years．She always cooks for me．Don't put the key to your happiness in someone else's pocked but into your own．"（1）what is the father？ A pilot．（2）Where does the mother work？In the hospital．（3）How many people are there in the family？Four．（4）How long have the mother and father been married？For 17 years．（5）Why did the father eat the burnt biscuits？Because the mother is really tired after a hard day's work and a little burnt biscuit could never hurt anyone．【解答】1．A pilot．细节理解题．根据第一段句子My father is a hard﹣working pilot，我父亲是一个勤劳的飞行员．可知是一名飞行员．故答案为A pilot．2．In the hospital．细节理解题．根据第二段句子And I remember one night in particular，when she had made breakfast food after a long，hard day at hospital．我记得有一天晚上，她在医院度过了漫长而艰难的一天后，做了早餐食品．可知在医院里．故答案为In thehospital．3．Four．细节归纳题．根据整篇文章内容及其句子My father is a hard﹣working pilot，我父亲是一个勤劳的飞行员．When I was a kid，my mum liked to make breakfast food for dinner every now and then．当我还是个孩子的时候，我妈妈喜欢不时地为晚餐做早餐食物．ask my brother and me how we had been doing at school．问我和我弟弟我们在学校的表现．可知有作者，爸爸，妈妈和弟弟四口人．故答案为Four．4．For 17 years．细节理解题．根据最后一段句子We have been married for 17years．我们已经结婚17年了．可知结婚17年了．故答案为For 17 years．5．Because the mother is really tired after a hard day's work and a little burnt biscuit could never hurt anyone．细节理解题．根据最后一段句子He wrapped me in his arms and said，"Your mum is really tired after a hard day's work．Besides，a little burnt biscuit could never hurt anyone．他把我抱在怀里，说："辛苦工作了一天，你妈妈真的很累．"另外，一点烧焦的饼干不会伤害任何人．可知因为在辛苦工作了一天之后，母亲真的很累，而一块小小的烧焦的饼干永远不会伤害到任何人．故答案为Because the mother is really tired after a hard day's work and a little burnt biscuit could never hurt anyone．8．（2017•株洲）I was walking around a big store，when I saw a shop assistant talking to a boy of5 or6 years old．The assistant said，"I'm sorry，but you don't have enough money to buy thisdoll．"Then the little boy turned to me and asked，"Uncle，are you sure I don't have enough money？I counted his money and replied，"You know that you don't have enough money to buy the doll，my dear．"I asked him who he wished to give this doll to．"I wanted to give the doll to my sister for her birthday．I have to give the doll to my mommy so that she can give it to my sister when she goes there"His eyes were so sad while saying this．"My sister has gone to be with God．Daddy says that Mommy is going to see God very soon too，All was because of a traffic accident"My heart nearly stopped．The little boy looked up at me and said"I told Daddy to tell Mommy not to go yet．I need her to wait until I come back from the store．"I quickly reached for my wallet and said to the boy，"I suppose we checked again，just in case（万一）you do have enough money？""Ok，"he said．"I hope that I have enough．"I added some of my money to his without letting him see and we started to count it．There was enoughfor the doll and even some spare money left．The little boy became very excited．I left the store，feeling as if my life had been changed forever．66．Where did the writer meet the boy？The writer met the boy in a big store．67．What did the boy what to buy？ A doll．68．What happened to the boy's family？ A traffic accident happened．His sister died and his mother was badly hurt．69．Why did the boy want to give his sister a gift？Because he wanted to give the doll to his sister for her birthday．70．Why did the writer add some money without the boy seeing？Because the writer wanted the boy to believe he had enough money．【解答】66．The writer met the boy in a big store．细节理解题，根据I was walking around a big store，when I saw a shop assistant talking to a boy of 5 or 6 years old当我走在一家大商店附近时，这时我看到一个店员正在和一个五六岁大的小男孩谈话，故答案为The writer met the boy in a big store．67．A doll．细节理解题，根据but you don't have enough money to buy this doll但是你的钱不够买这个洋娃娃的，可知男孩要买洋娃娃，故答案为A doll．68．A traffic accident happened．His sister died and his mother was badly hurt．细节理解题，根据My sister has gone to be with God．Daddy says that Mommy is going to see God very soon too，All was because of a traffic accident我的妹妹已经跟上帝在一起了，爸爸说妈妈很快也去见上帝了，所有这些都是因为一场交通事故，故答案为 A traffic accident happened．His sister died and his mother was badly hurt．69．Because he wanted to give the doll to his sister for her birthday．细节理解题，根据I wanted to give the doll to my sister for her birthday我想把这个洋娃娃作为生日礼物送给我妹妹，可知小男孩为了给妹妹送生日礼物，故答案为Because he wanted to give the doll to his sister for her birthday．70．Because the writer wanted the boy to believe he had enough money．细节理解题，根据Ok，"he said．"I hope that I have enough．"好的，他说，我希望我的钱足够，故答案为Because the writer wanted the boy to believe he had enough money。

2018年长沙市初中学业水平考试试卷英语注意事项：1、答题前，请考生先将自己的姓名，准考证号填写清楚，并认真核对条形码上的姓名、准考证号、教室和座位号；2、必须在答题卡上答题，在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效；3、答题时，请考生注意各大题题号后面的答题提示；4、请勿折叠答题卡，保持字体工整，笔记清晰，卡面清洁；5、答题卡上不能使用涂改液、涂改胶和贴纸；6、本学科试卷中听力材料以中速朗读两遍。

试卷分为四个部分，共8页，75小题，时量120分钟，满分120分。

Ⅰ．听力技能（两部分，共20小题，计20分）第一节听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项回答问题。

听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。

（共5小题，计5分）1．Who gave the watch to the boy？A．His father．B．His sister．C．His brother．2．What are the speakers talking about？A．The Spring Festival．B．The Dragon Boat Festival．C．The Mid-Autumn Festival．3．What's the matter with Cindy？A．She has a fever．B．She has a headache．C．She has a toothache．4．Where does the woman want to go？A．To the zoo．B．To the park．C．To the airport．5．Which of the following does Tina like best？A．Game shows．B．Talk shows．C．Talent shows．第二节听下面6段对话或独白。

2018年长沙市初中学业水平考试试卷英语注意事项：1、答题前，请考生先将自己的姓名，准考证号填写清楚，并认真核对条形码上的姓名、准考证号、教室和座位号；2、必须在答题卡上答题，在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效；3、答题时，请考生注意各大题题号后面的答题提示；4、请勿折叠答题卡，保持字体工整，笔记清晰，卡面清洁；5、答题卡上不能使用涂改液、涂改胶和贴纸；6、本学科试卷中听力材料以中速朗读两遍。

试卷分为四个部分，共8页，75小题，时量120分钟，满分120分。

Ⅰ．听力技能（两部分，共20小题，计20分）第一节听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项回答问题。

听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。

（共5小题，计5分）1．Who gave the watch to the boy？A．His father．B．His sister．C．His brother．2．What are the speakers talking about？A．The Spring Festival．B．The Dragon Boat Festival．C．The Mid-Autumn Festival．3．What's the matter with Cindy？A．She has a fever．B．She has a headache．C．She has a toothache．4．Where does the woman want to go？A．To the zoo．B．To the park．C．To the airport．5．Which of the following does Tina like best？A．Game shows．B．Talk shows．C．Talent shows．第二节听下面6段对话或独白。

2018年长沙市初中学业水平考试试卷英语考前须知：1、答题前，请考生先将自己的姓名，准考证号填写清楚，并认真核对条形码上的姓名、准考证号、教室和座位号；2、必须在答题卡上答题，在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效；3、答题时，请考生注意各大题题号后面的答题提示；4、请勿折叠答题卡，保持字体工整，笔记清晰，卡面清洁；5、答题卡上不能使用涂改液、涂改胶和贴纸；6、本学科试卷中听力材料以中速朗读两遍。

试卷分为四个局部，共8页，75小题，时量120分钟，总分值120分。

Ⅰ．听力技能〔两局部，共20小题，计20分〕第一节听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最正确选项答复下列问题。

听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。

〔共5小题，计5分〕1．Who gave the watch to the boy？A．His father．B．His sister．C．His brother．2．What are the speakers talking about？A．The Spring Festival．B．The Dragon Boat Festival．C．The Mid-Autumn Festival．3．What's the matter with Cindy？A．She has a fever．B．She has a headache．C．She has a toothache．4．Where does the woman want to go？A．To the zoo．B．To the park．C．To the airport．5．Which of the following does Tina like best？A．Game shows．B．Talk shows．C．Talent shows．第二节听下面6段对话或独白。