总结最好 最全的医学解剖英文单词词汇

医科专业英语1. anatomy解剖学2. physiology生理学3. epithelial tissue上皮组织4. connective tissue结缔组织5. muscular tissue肌肉组织6. nervous tissue神经组织7. the integumentary system体被系统8. the skeletal system骨骼系统9. the muscular system肌肉系统10. the lymphatic system淋巴系统11. the respiratory system呼吸系统12. the digestive system消化系统13. the nervous system神经系统14. the endocrine system内分泌系统15. the cardiovascular system心血管系统16. the urinary system泌尿系统17. the reproductive system生殖系统18. the cranial cavity颅腔19. the spinal cavity脊髓腔20. the thoracic cavity胸腔21. the abdominopelvic cavity盆腹腔22. homeostasis内环境稳定23. metabolism新陈代谢1.morphology 形态学, 生态学2.etiology 病因学, 病原学3.pathogenesis 发病学, 发病机理4.intrauterine 子宫内的5.endoscopy 内窥镜检查6.biopsy 活组织检查7.pathogen病菌; 病原体8.inflammatory diseases炎性疾病9.degenerative diseases变性性疾病, 退行性疾病10.metabolic diseases代谢性疾病11.congenital and hereditary diseases先天性和遗传性疾病12.neoplastic diseases肿瘤性疾病13.prognosis预后14.clinical history临床史15.specific treatment特异疗法, 特效(药)疗法16.symptomatic treatment症状疗法, 对症治疗17.chromosome染色体18.noninvasive procedures无创检查19.recessive gene隐性基因20.dominant gene显性基因anic disease器质性疾病22.electrocardiogram 心电图1.carbohydrate 碳水化合物2.esophagus 食管3.duodenum十二指肠4.pepsin 胃蛋白酶5.peristalsis蠕动6.cardiac / pyloric sphincter贲门/幽门括约肌7.gastrointestinal track胃肠道8.hydrochloric acid盐酸9.amino acid氨基酸10.glycerol甘油; 丙三醇11.gallbladder胆囊12.ileocecal valve回盲瓣13.salivary glands 涎腺,唾液腺14.hard/soft palate硬/软腭15.epiglottis 会厌mon bile duct 胆总管17.rectum直肠18.villus绒毛19.digestive enzyme消化酶20.taste bud味蕾21.appendix 阑尾22.ascending /descending colon 升/降结肠23.sigmoid colon 乙状结肠24.bowel movement 大便25.chyme 食糜1.respiratory tract呼吸道2.pharynx咽3.trachea气管4.bronchiole细支气管5.epithelial cell上皮细胞6.macrophage巨噬细胞7.oxygen氧气8.carbon dioxide二氧化碳9.mucous membrane粘膜10. nasal passage鼻道11. allergy变态反应(症), 过敏症12. swallowing reflex吞咽反射13. lymphatic tissue淋巴组织14. ciliated cell纤毛细胞15. inhalation吸入,吸气16. exhalation呼出，呼气17. nostril鼻孔18. cartilage软骨19. larynx喉20. alveolus肺泡21. tonsil 扁桃体22. irreversible damage 不可逆性损伤1. cardiovascular system心血管系统2. circulatory system循环系统3. plasma血浆4. erythrocyte红细胞5. leukocyte白细胞6. platelet count血小板计数7. megakaryocyte巨核细胞8. hematocrit血细胞比容9. hemoglobin血红蛋白10. diffuse扩散，弥漫11. granulocyte粒细胞12. osmotic pressure渗透压13. phagocytosis吞噬作用14. interferon干扰素15. systemic circulation体循环16. pulmonary circulation肺循环17. deoxygenated blood去氧血18. tricuspid valve三尖瓣19. pulmonic valve肺动脉瓣20. aortic valve主动脉瓣21. tachycardia心动过速22. bradycardia心动过缓23. systole心缩期24. diastole心舒期1. atrium心房2. ventricle心室3. mitral / bicuspid valve二尖瓣4. semilunar valve半月瓣5. endocardium心内膜6. myocardium心肌7. epicardium心外膜8. pericardium心包(膜)9. pulmonary trunk肺动脉干10. stethoscope听诊器11. murmur (心脏)杂音,12. pacemaker cell P细胞(起搏细胞)13. sinus /sinoatrial node窦房结14. atrioventricular node房室结15. aorta主动脉16. common carotid artery颈总动脉17. artery动脉18. capillary毛细血管19. superior / inferior vena cava上腔静脉/下腔静脉。

医学领域英语词汇全集以下是医学领域常用的英语词汇全集，供参考：1. Anatomy（解剖学）- Skeleton（骨骼）- Muscles（肌肉）- Organs（器官）- Nerves（神经）2. Physiology（生理学）- Circulatory system（循环系统）- Respiratory system（呼吸系统）- Digestive system（消化系统）- Endocrine system（内分泌系统）3. Diseases（疾病）- Cancer（癌症）- Diabetes（糖尿病）- Hypertension（高血压）- Influenza（流感）4. Medical Procedures（医疗程序）- Surgery（外科手术）- Radiology（放射学）- Physical therapy（物理疗法）- Chemotherapy（化疗）5. Medications（药物）- Antibiotics（抗生素）- Analgesics（止痛药）- Antidepressants（抗抑郁药）- Antihistamines（抗组胺药）6. Medical Equipment（医疗设备）- Stethoscope（听诊器）- X-ray machine（X光机）- Ultrasound machine（超声波机）- Blood pressure monitor（血压计）7. Medical Specialties（医学专业）- Cardiology（心脏病学）- Dermatology（皮肤病学）- Gynecology（妇科学）- Pediatrics（儿科学）8. Medical Ethics（医学伦理）- Informed consent（知情同意）- Confidentiality（保密性）- Patient autonomy（患者自主权）- Non-maleficence（不伤害原则）9. Medical Research（医学研究）- Clinical trials（临床试验）- Case studies（病例研究）- Epidemiology（流行病学）- Genetic research（遗传研究）以上是医学领域常用的英语词汇全集。

医学专业英语词汇大全一、人体解剖学词汇1. 骨骼系统（Skeletal System）skull（颅骨）spine（脊柱）rib（肋骨）pelvis（骨盆）femur（股骨）tibia（胫骨）fibula（腓骨）2. 肌肉系统（Muscular System）biceps（二头肌）triceps（三头肌）deltoid（三角肌）quadriceps（四头肌）gluteus（臀大肌）rectus abdominis（腹直肌）3. 神经系统（Nervous System）brain（大脑）spinal cord（脊髓）neuron（神经元）synapse（突触）cerebellum（小脑）hypothalamus（下丘脑）4. 循环系统（Circulatory System） heart（心脏）artery（动脉）vein（静脉）capillary（毛细血管）blood（血液）plasma（血浆）5. 呼吸系统（Respiratory System） lung（肺）trachea（气管）bronchus（支气管）alveoli（肺泡）diaphragm（膈肌）二、临床医学词汇1. 疾病与症状diabetes（糖尿病）hypertension（高血压）asthma（哮喘）fever（发热）headache（头痛）nausea（恶心）2. 检查与诊断physical examination（体格检查）Xray（X光检查）CT scan（CT扫描）MRI（磁共振成像）biopsy（活检）diagnosis（诊断）3. 治疗与药物medication（药物治疗）surgery（手术治疗）vaccination（疫苗接种）antibiotic（抗生素）painkiller（止痛药）insulin（胰岛素）三、医学分支词汇1. 内科学（Internal Medicine） cardiology（心脏病学）gastroenterology（消化病学） nephrology（肾脏病学）endocrinology（内分泌学）hematology（血液病学）2. 外科学（Surgery）general surgery（普通外科） orthopedic surgery（骨科）neurosurgery（神经外科）plastic surgery（整形外科）cardiac surgery（心脏外科）3. 妇产科（Obstetrics and Gynecology）pregnancy（妊娠）childbirth（分娩）contraception（避孕）menopause（更年期）cervical cancer（宫颈癌）4. 儿科学（Pediatrics）immunization（免疫）growth chart（生长曲线）developmental milestones（发育里程碑）asthma in children（儿童哮喘）childhood obesity（儿童肥胖）本词汇大全旨在帮助医学专业人员和爱好者更好地掌握医学英语，提高专业英语水平。

医学常用解剖部位术语英汉翻译一、引言医学解剖部位术语是医学领域中重要的基础知识，准确理解和掌握解剖部位的英汉翻译对于医学教学和研究至关重要。

本文将介绍一些医学常用解剖部位术语的英汉翻译，帮助读者更好地理解和运用这些术语。

二、头部（Head）1. 头颅（Skull）- 脑颅（Cranium）- 面颅（Facial skull）2. 面部（Face）- 颏（Chin）- 唇（Lip）- 鼻（Nose）- 眼（Eye）- 耳（Ear）3. 颈部（Neck）- 颈椎（Cervical vertebrae）- 甲状腺（Thyroid）三、胸部（Thorax）1. 胸骨（Sternum）2. 肋骨（Ribs）3. 食管（Esophagus）4. 心脏（Heart）5. 肺（Lungs）6. 胸腺（Thymus）四、腹部（Abdomen）1. 腹肌（Abdominal muscles）2. 肝脏（Liver）3. 胆囊（Gallbladder）4. 胃（Stomach）5. 脾（Spleen）6. 小肠（Small intestine）7. 大肠（Large intestine）五、盆腔（Pelvis）1. 骨盆（Pelvis）2. 输尿管（Ureter）3. 子宫（Uterus）4. 卵巢（Ovary）5. 前列腺（Prostate）六、四肢（Limbs）1. 上肢（Upper limbs） - 肩（Shoulder）- 臂（Arm）- 肘（Elbow）- 前臂（Forearm）- 腕（Wrist）- 手（Hand）2. 下肢（Lower limbs） - 股骨（Femur）- 膝盖（Knee）- 小腿（Lower leg）- 踝关节（Ankle）- 足（Foot）七、结论本文介绍了医学常用解剖部位术语的英汉翻译，涵盖了头部、胸部、腹部、盆腔以及四肢等部位。

准确理解和运用这些术语对于医学学习和工作具有重要意义。

医学英语专业词汇表医学英语专业词汇表Anatomy(解剖学)Abdomen(腹部)Bone(骨骼)Brain(大脑)Cardiovascular system(心血管系统) Digestive system(消化系统)Muscles(肌肉)Organs(器官)Skeleton(骨架)Skin(皮肤)1.Physiology(生理学)Autonomic nervous system(自主神经系统) Biochemical reactions(生化反应)Cell structure and function(细胞结构与功能) Endocrine system(内分泌系统)Energy metabolism(能量代谢)Fluid balance and circulation(水分平衡与循环) Immune system(免疫系统)Metabolism(新陈代谢)Nervous system(神经系统)Respiration(呼吸)Circulatory system(循环系统)1.Medical Terminology(医学术语)Adrenal gland(肾上腺)Arthritis(关节炎)Asthma(哮喘)Back pain(背痛)Blood pressure(血压)Cancer(癌症)Cardiovascular disease(心血管疾病)Diabetes mellitus(糖尿病)Ear infection(耳部感染)Fever(发热)Heart attack(心肌梗死)Heart disease(心脏病)Influenza(流感)Kidney stones(肾结石)这只是一个简短的医学英语专业词汇表，涵盖了一些基本的医学领域。

如果您想深入学习医学英语，建议您查阅相关的教材、课程和资源。

解剖学专业英语词汇Aaccessory 副神经anal canal 肛管anatomy 解剖学anatomy 解剖学angiology 脉管学anterior cerebral a. 大脑前动脉anterior horn 前角anus 肛门aorta 主动脉arachnoid 蛛网膜artery 动脉articular capsule 关节囊associate neuron 联络神经元atrioventricular bundle 房室束atrioventricular node 房室结atrium 心房auditory tube 咽鼓管auricle 耳廓autonomic nervous system 植物性神经系统，自主神经系axillary a. 腋动脉axillary n. 腋神经Bbasal nuclei 基底核basilic v. 贵要静脉biceps brachii m. 肱二头肌Blood vessel systembone 骨brachial plexus 臂丛brachiocephalic trunk 头臂干brain 脑brain stem 脑干bronchus 支气管Ccaecum 盲肠capillary 毛细血管cardiac apex 心尖cardiac orifice 贲门carpal canal 腕管carpus 腕骨cartilage 软骨central gray substance 中央灰质central nervous system 中枢神经系统Ddiaphragm 膈diencephalon 间脑ductus deferens 输精管duodenum 十二指肠dura mater 硬膜EEdinger Westphal nucleus E W核endocrine gland 内分泌腺external ear 外耳eyeball 眼球Ffacial n. 面神经fascia 筋膜fasciculus cuneatus 楔束fasciculus gracilis 薄束femoral a. 股动脉femoral n. 股神经femur 股骨fibula 腓骨frontal bone 额骨frontal lobe 额叶Ggall bladder 胆囊ganglion 神经节genital organs 生殖器gray substance 灰质greater omentum 大网膜Hhearthip bone 髋骨hippocampus 海马horizontal planehumerus 肱骨hypothalamus 丘脑下部，下丘脑Iileocaecal valve 回盲瓣iliopsoas m.ilium 髂骨inferior colliculus 下丘inferior vena cava 下腔静脉inguinal ligament 腹股沟韧带insula 岛叶interatrial septum 房间隔internal capsule 内囊internal carotid a. 颈内动脉 interventricular septum 室间隔 intervertebral disc 椎间盘iris 虹膜ischium 坐骨Jjejunum 空肠joint cavity 关节腔kidney 肾脏Llarge intestine 大肠larynx 喉lateral funiculus 外侧索 lateral ventricle 侧脑室 laterior horn 外侧角lens 晶体lesser omentum 小网膜levator ani m. 肛提肌ligament 韧带lingual n. 舌神经lip 唇liver 肝locus ceruleus 蓝斑lumbar plexus 腰丛lumbar vertebra 腰椎lung 肺lymph node 淋巴结lymph vessel 淋巴管lymphatic system 淋巴系 lymphatic trunk 淋巴干Mmamma (breast) 乳房mandible 下颌骨maxilla 上颌骨medial lemniscus 内侧丘系mesentery 肠系膜midbrain, mesencephalon 中脑motor neuron 运动神经元muscle 肌Nnasal cavity 鼻腔nasal septum 鼻中隔nerve 神经nervous system 神经系统neuroglia 神经胶质neuron 神经元nucleus 细胞核，神经核nucleus ambiguous 疑核nucleus posteromarginalis 后角边缘核nucleus proprius cornu posterior 后角固有核nucleus solitarius 孤束核Ooccipital bone 枕骨occipital lobe 枕叶oesophagus 食道orbita 眶ovary 卵巢Ppalate 腭parasympathetic 副交感的parietal bone 顶骨parietal lobe 顶叶patella 髌骨pelvis 骨盆penis 阴茎perineum 会阴peripheral nervous system 周围神经系统peritoneum 腹膜pharynx 咽pia mater 软脑膜pleura 胸膜pons 脑桥postcentral gyrus 中央后回posterior funiculus 后索posterior horn 后角precentral gyrus 中央前回prostate 前列腺pubic symphysis 耻骨联合pubis 耻骨pupil 瞳孔pylorus 幽门pyramidal tract 锥体束Rradial a. 桡动脉radius 挠骨red nucleus 红核reticular formation 网状结构retina 视网膜Ssacral plexus 骶丛sacrum 骶骨sagittal plane 矢状面scapula 肩胛骨sclera 巩膜scrotum 阴囊sense organ 感觉器官sensory neuron 感觉神经元skeleton 骨骼small intestine 小肠spermatic cord 精索sphenoid bone 蝶骨spinal cord 脊髓spinothalamic tract 脊髓丘脑束spleen 脾sternocleidomastoid m. 胸锁乳突肌sternum 胸骨stomach 胃subarachnoid space 蛛网膜下腔submandibular gland 下颌下腺substantia nigra 黑质superior colliculus 上丘superior vena cava 上腔静脉sympathetic 交感的synapse 突触Ttalocrural (ankle) joint 距骨小腿(踝)关节telencephalon 端脑temporal bone 颞骨temporal lobe 颞叶tendo calcaneus 跟腱thalamus 丘脑thoracic duct 胸导管thoracic vertebra 胸椎thyroid gland 甲状腺tibia 胫骨tibial n. 胫神经tongue 舌。

人体解剖学专业英语词汇邵旭建青岛大学医学院解剖教研室Introduction（绪论）systematic anatomy（系统解剖学）regional(topographic) anatomy（局部解剖学）head头（face面，cranium颅）neck颈（cervix颈，nucha项）trunk躯干（thorax胸，abdomen腹，pelvis 盆，perineum会阴，back背）limbs四肢（upper limb上肢，lower limb下肢）anatomical position（解剖学姿势）superior and inferior（上与下）anterior and posterior（前与后）medial and lateral（内侧与外侧）superficial and deep（浅与深）internal and external（内与外）proximal and distal（近侧与远侧）vertical axis（垂直轴）sagittal axis（矢状轴）coronal(frontal) axis冠状轴（额状轴）sagittal plane（矢状面）coronal(frontal) plane（冠状面）horizontal(transverse) plane（水平面）I.Locomotor System（运动系统）1.Bony System (Osteology)（骨学）long bone（长骨）short bone（短骨）flat bone（扁骨）irregular bone（不规则骨）shaft（骨干）medullary cavity（髓腔）nutrient foramen（滋养孔）epiphysis（骺）metaphysis（干骺端）epiphysial cartilage（骺软骨）epiphysial line（骺线）bony substance（骨质）compact(dense) bone（骨密质）cancellous(spongy) bone（骨松质）trabeculae（骨小梁）diploe（板障）periosteum（骨膜）bony marrow（骨髓）(1)Bones of Trunk（躯干骨）vertebrae（椎骨）cervical vertebrae（颈椎）thoracic vertebrae（胸椎）lumbar vertebrae（腰椎）sacrum（骶骨）coccyx（尾骨）body(centrum)（椎体）arch（椎弓）pedicles（椎弓根）laminae（椎弓板）spinous process（棘突）transverse process（横突）superior process（上关节突）inferior process（下关节突）intervertebral foramina（椎间孔）vertebral foramen and vertebral canal（椎孔、椎管）uncus of vertebral body（椎体钩）Luschka joint（钩椎关节）carotis tubercle（颈动脉结节）atlas（寰椎）anterior arch（前弓）posterior arch（后弓）lateral masses（侧块）dental fovea（齿突凹）groove for vertebral artery（椎动脉沟）axis（枢椎）odontoid process（齿突）vertebra prominens（隆椎）thoracic vertebrae（胸椎）costal facets（肋凹）lumbar vertebrae（腰椎）sacrum（骶骨）promontory（骶岬）ala（翼）articular surface（耳状面）sacral tuberosity（骶粗隆）anterior sacral foramen（骶前孔）median sacral crest（骶正中嵴）posterior sacral foramen（骶后孔）sacral horn（骶角）sacral canal（骶管）sacral hiatus（骶管裂孔）sternum（胸骨）manubrium（柄）clavicular notch（锁切迹）jugular notch（颈静脉切迹）body（体）costal notche（肋切迹）xiphoid process（剑突）sternal angle（胸骨角）rib（肋骨）costal head（肋头）costal neck（肋颈）costal tubercle（肋结节）costal body（肋体）costal angle（肋角）costal groove（肋沟）costal cartilage（肋软骨）(2)Skull（颅）1)Bones of Cerebral Cranium（脑颅骨）frontal bone（额骨）frontal squama（额鳞）ethmoid bone（筛骨）perpendicular plate（垂直板）ethmoid labyrinth（筛骨迷路）superior nasal cocha（上鼻甲）middle nasal cocha（中鼻甲）sphenoid bone（蝶骨）parietal bone（顶骨）temporal bone（颞骨）squamous part（鳞部）tympanic part（鼓部）petrous part（岩部）occipital bone(枕骨)2)Bones of Facial Cranium（面颅骨）maxilla（上颌骨）body of maxilla（上颌体）infraorbital foramen（眶下孔）frontal process（额突）zygomatic process（颧突）alveolar process（牙槽突）palatine process（腭突）zygomatic bone（颧骨）palatine bone（腭骨）horizontal plate（水平板）perpendicular plate（垂直板）nasal bone（鼻骨）lacrimal bone（泪骨）inferior nasal concha（下鼻甲）vomer（犁骨）mandible（下颌骨）body of mandible（下颌体）base of mandible（下颌底）alveolar arch（牙槽弓）mental foramen（颏孔）mental protuberance（颏隆起）mental spine（颏棘）digastric fossa（二腹肌窝）ramus of mandible（下颌支）coronoid process（冠突）condylar process（髁突）mandibular notch（下颌切迹）head of mandible（下颌头）neck of mandible（下颌颈）mandibular angle（下颌角）mandibular foramen（下颌孔）mandibular canal（下颌管）mandibular lingula（下颌小舌）hyoid bone（舌骨）greater horn（大角）lesser horn（小角）3)Superior Aspect of Skull（颅骨上面观）coronal suture（冠状缝）sagittal suture（矢状缝）lamboid suture（人字缝）parietal foramen（顶孔）parietal tubercle（顶结节）4)Posterior Aspect of Skull（颅骨后面观）external occipital protuberance（枕外隆突）superior nuchal line（上项线）inferior nuchal line（上项线）5)Internal Aspect of Skull Cap（颅顶内面观）arterial sulcus（动脉沟）sulcus for superior sagittal sinus（上矢状窦沟）granular foveolae（颗粒小窝）anterior cranial fossa（颅前窝）frontal crest（额嵴）foramen cecum（盲孔）crista galli（鸡冠）cribriform plate（筛板）cribriform foramina（筛孔）middle crinial fossa（颅中窝）optic canal（视神经管）anterior clinoid process（前床突）posterior clinoid process（后床突）tuberculum sellae（鞍结节）dorsum sellae（鞍背）sella turcica（蝶鞍）carotid sulcus（颈动脉沟）supraorbital fissure（眶上裂）foramen lacerum（破裂孔）internal opening for carotid canal（颈动脉管内口）foramen rotundum（圆孔）foramen ovale（卵圆孔）foramen spinosus（棘孔）sulcus for middle menigeal artery（脑膜中动脉沟）tegmen tympani（鼓室盖）trigeminal impression（三叉神经压迹）posterior cranial fossa（颅后窝）foramen magnus（枕骨大孔）clivus（斜坡）internal opening for hypoglossal canal（舌下神经管内口）internal occipital probuberance（枕内隆凸）sulcus for transverse sinus（横窦沟）sulcus for sigmoid sinus（乙状窦沟）jugular foramen（颈静脉孔）internal acoustic pore（内耳门）internal acoustic meatus（内耳道）6)External Aspect of Base of Skull（颅骨底面观）bony palate（骨腭）intermaxillary suture（腭中缝）incisive foramen（切牙孔）incisive canal（切牙管）greater palatine foramen（腭大孔）posterior nasal aperture（鼻后孔）occipital condyle（枕髁）external opening of hypoglossal canal（舌下神经管外口）condylar canal（髁管）external opening of carotid canal（颈动脉管外口）styloid process（茎突）stylomastoid foramen（茎乳孔）mandibular fossa（下颌窝）articular tubercle（关节结节）lateral pterygoid plate（翼突外侧板）medial pterygoid plate（翼突内侧板）pterygoid process（翼突）pterygoid canal（翼管）6)Lateral Aspect of Skull（颅骨侧面观）external acoustic pore（外耳门）mastoid process（乳突）zygomatic arch（颧弓）temporal fossa（颞窝）superior temporal line（上颞线）inferior temporal line（下颞线）pterion（翼点）infratemporal fossa（颞下窝）pterygopalatine fissure（翼上颌裂）pterygopalatine fossa（翼腭窝）sphenopalatine foramen（蝶腭孔）7)Anterior Aspect of Skull（颅骨前面观）frontal tubercle（额结节）superciliary arch（眉弓）glabella（眉间）orbit（眶）base（底）supraorbital margin（眶上缘）supraorbital foramen(notch)眶上孔（切迹）infraorbital margin（眶下缘）infraorbital foramen（眶下孔）apex（尖）optic canal（视神经管）fossa for lacrimal gland（泪腺窝）infraorbital groove（眶下沟）infraorbital canal（眶下管）fossa for lacrimal sac（泪囊窝）superior orbital fissure（眶上裂）inferior orbital fissure（眶下裂）piriform aperture（梨状孔）bony septum of nose（骨鼻中隔）superior nasal meatus（上鼻道）middle nasal meatus（中鼻道）inferior nasal meatus（下鼻道）nasolacrimal canal（鼻泪管）sphenoethmoidal recess（蝶筛隐窝）frontal sinus（额窦）maxillary sinus（上颌窦）ethmoidal sinus（筛窦）sphenoid sinus（蝶窦）anterior fontanelle前囟（额囟）posterior fontanelle后囟（枕囟）anterolateral fontanelle前外侧囟（蝶囟）posterolateral fontanelle后外侧囟（乳突囟）(3)Bones of Upper Limb（上肢骨）shoulder girdle（上肢带骨）clavicle（锁骨）scapula（肩胛骨）subscapular fossa（肩胛下窝）spine of scapula（肩胛冈）supraspinous fossa（冈上窝）infrospinous fossa（冈下窝）coracoid process（喙突）scapular notch（肩胛切迹）glenoid cavity（关节盂）uproscapular tubercle（盂上结节）infroscapular tubercle（盂下结节）bones of free upper limb（自由上肢骨）humerus（肱骨）head of humerus（肱骨头）anatomical neck（解剖颈）surgical neck（外科颈）greater tubercle（大结节）lesser tubercle（小结节）crest of greater tubercle（大结节嵴）crest of lesser tubercle（小结节嵴）intertubercular sulcus（结节间沟）groove for radial nerve（桡神经沟）deltoid tuberosity（三角肌粗隆）capitulum of humerus（肱骨小头）trochlea of humerus（肱骨滑车）coronoid fossa（冠突窝）radial fossa（桡窝）olecranon fossa（鹰嘴窝）medial epicondyle（内上髁）lateral epicondyle（外上髁）sulcus for ulnar nerve（尺神经沟）radius（桡骨）head of radius（桡骨头）neck of radius（桡骨颈）radial tuberosity（桡骨粗隆）articular fovea（关节凹）articular circumference（环状关节面）interosseous border（骨间缘）styloid process（茎突）ulnar notch（尺切迹）carpal articular surface（腕关节面）ulna（尺骨）olecranon（鹰嘴）coronoid process（冠突）trochlear notch（滑车切迹）ulna tuberosity（尺骨粗隆）radial notch（桡切迹）interosseous border（骨间缘）head of ulna（尺骨头）styloid process（茎突）skeleton of hand（手骨）carpal bones（腕骨）scaphoid bone（手舟骨）lunate bone（月骨）triquetral bone（三角骨）pisiform bone（豌豆骨）trapezium bone（大多角骨）trapezoid bone（小多角骨）capitate bone（头状骨）hamate bone（钩骨）metacarpal bones（掌骨）phalanges（指骨）(4)Bones of Lower Limb（下肢骨）pelvic girdle（下肢带骨）hip bone（髋骨）ilium（髂骨）acetabulum（髋臼）obturator of formen（闭孔）body of ilium（髂骨体）ala of ilium（髂骨翼）iliac crest（髂嵴）anterior superior iliac spine（髂前上棘）posterior superior iliac spine（髂后上棘）anterior inferior iliac spine（髂前下棘）posterior inferior iliac spine（髂后下棘）iliac tubercle（髂结节）greater sciatic notch（坐骨大切迹）iliac fossa（髂窝）arcuate line（弓状线）gluteal surface（臀面）ischium（坐骨）body of ischium（坐骨体）ramus of ischium（坐骨支）ischial spine（坐骨棘）lesser sciatic notch（坐骨小切棘）ischial tuberosity（坐骨结节）pubis（耻骨）body of pubis（耻骨体）superior ramus of pubis（耻骨上支）inferior ramus of pubis（耻骨下支）iliopubic eminence（髂耻隆起）pecten of pubis（耻骨梳）pubic tubercle（耻骨结节）symphyseal surface（耻骨联合面）lunate surface（月状面）acetabular fossa（宽臼窝）acetabular notch（髋臼切迹）bones of free lower limb（自由下肢骨）femur（股骨）femoral head（股骨头）fovea of femoral head（股骨头窝）neck of femur（股骨颈）greater trochanter（大转子）lesser trochanter（小转子）intertrochanteric line（转子间线）intertrochanteric crest（转子间嵴）linea aspera（粗线）gluteal tuberosity（臀肌粗隆）pectineal line（耻骨肌线）popliteal surface（腘面）medial condyle（内侧髁）lateral condyle（外侧髁）intercondylar fossa（髁间窝）adductor tubercle（收肌结节）patella（髌骨）tibia（胫骨）intercondylar eminence（髁间隆起）tibial tuberosity（胫骨粗隆）interosseous border（骨间缘）soleal line（比目鱼肌线）medial malleolus（内踝）fibular notch（腓切迹）fibula（腓骨）fibular head（腓骨头）interosseous border（骨间缘）lateral malleous（外踝）skeleton of foot（足骨）tarsal bones（跗骨）talus（距骨）calcaneus（跟骨）navicular bone（足舟骨）medial cuneiform bone（内侧楔骨）intermediate cuneiform bone（中间楔骨）lateral cuneiform bone（外侧楔骨）cuboid bone（骰骨）metartarsal bones（跖骨）phalanges of toes（趾骨）2.Arthrology（关节学）synarthroses（不动关节）fibrous joint（纤维连结）syndesmosis（韧带连结）ligament（韧带）interosseous membrane（骨间膜）suture（缝）cartilaginous joint（软骨连结）synchondrosis（透明软骨结合）symphysis（纤维软骨结合）synostosis（骨性结合）diarthrosis(synovial joint)动关节（滑膜关节）articular surface（关节面）articular caput（关节头）articular fossa（关节窝）articular cartilage（关节软骨）joint capsule（关节囊）fibrous membrane（纤维膜）synovial membrane（滑膜）synovial villi（滑膜绒毛）joint cavity（关节腔）articular disc and meniscus（关节盘、半月板）articular lip（关节唇）synovial plica（滑膜襞）synovial bursa（滑膜囊）gliding or slipping movement（滑动）flexion and extension（屈和伸）adduction and abduction（收和展）pronation and supination （旋前和旋后）rotation（旋转）circumduction（环转）uniaxial joint（单轴关节）hinge joint(trochlear joint)屈戍关节（滑车关节）pivot joint（车轴关节）biaxial joint（双轴关节）ellipsoid joint(condyloid joint)椭圆关节（髁状关节）saddle joint（鞍状关节）polyaxial joint（三轴关节）ball and socket joint（球窝关节）plane joint（平面关节）(1)Joints of Bones of Trunk（躯干骨的连结）vertebral column（脊柱）intervertebral disc（椎间盘）annulus fibrosus（纤维环）nucleus pulpsus（髓核）anterior longitudinal ligament（前纵韧带）posterior longitudinal ligament（后纵韧带）ligamenta flava (yellow ligament)（黄韧带）interspinal ligaments（棘间韧带）supraspinal ligament（棘上韧带）ligamentum nuchae（项韧带）intertransverse ligament（横突间韧带）zygapophysial joint（关节突韧带）atlantooccipital joint（寰枕关节）anterior atlantooccipital membrane（寰枕前膜）posterior atlantooccipital membrane（寰枕后膜）atlantoaxial joint（寰枢关节）lateral atlantoaxial joint（寰枢外侧关节）median atlantoaxial joint（寰枢正中关节）apical ligament of dens（齿突尖韧带）alar ligament（翼状韧带）transverse ligament of atlas（寰椎横韧带）membrana tectoria（覆膜）cervical curve（颈曲）thoracic curve（胸曲）lumbar curve（腰曲）sacral curve（骶曲）thoracic cage（胸廓）superior aperture of thorax(inlet of thorax)（胸廓上口）inferior aperture of thorax（utlet of thorax)（胸廓下口）infrasternal angle（胸骨下角）intercostal space（肋间隙）costovertebral joint（肋椎关节）joint of costal head（肋头关节）costotransverse joint（肋横突关节）sternocostal joint（胸肋关节）(2)Synovial Joint of Skull（颅的连结）sphenooccipital synchondrosis（蝶枕软骨结合）temporomandibular joint（颞下颌关节）lateral ligament（外侧韧带）(3)Joints of Upper Limb（上肢骨连结）sternoclavicular joint（胸锁关节）acromioclavicular joint（肩锁关节）acromioclavicular ligament（肩锁韧带）coracoacromial ligament（喙锁韧带）coracoacromial ligament（喙肩韧带）shoulder joint（肩关节）elbow joint（肘关节）humeroulnar joint（肱尺关节）humeroradial joint（肱桡关节）proximal radioulnar joint（近侧桡尺关节）annular ligament（环状韧带）radial collateral ligament（桡侧副韧带）ulnar collateral ligament（尺侧副韧带）interosseous membrane of forearm（前臂骨间膜）distal radioulnar joint（远侧桡尺关节）joints of hand（手关节）wrist joint (radiocarpal joint)（腕关节）intercarpal joint（腕骨间关节）carpometacarpal joint（腕掌关节）carpometacarpal joint of thumb（拇指腕掌关节）intermetacarpal joint（掌骨间关节）metacarpophalangeal joint（掌指关节）palmar ligment（掌侧韧带）collateral ligment（侧副韧带）interphalangeal joint（指骨间关节）(4)Joints of Lower Limb（下肢骨连结）sacroiliac joint（骶髂关节）anterior sacroiliac ligament（骶髂前韧带）posterior sacroiliac ligament（骶髂后韧带）interosseous sacroiliac ligament（骶髂骨间韧带）iliolumbar ligament（髂腰韧带）sacrotuberous ligament（骶结节韧带）sacrospinous ligament（骶棘韧带）greater sciatic foramen（坐骨大孔）lesser sciatic foramen（坐骨小孔）pubic symphysis（耻骨联合）interpubic disc（耻骨间盘）suprapubic ligament（耻骨上韧带）arcurate pubic ligament（耻骨弓状韧带）obturator membrane（闭孔膜）obturator canal（闭膜管）pelvis（骨盆）greater pelvis（大骨盆）lesser pelvis（小骨盆）superior pelvic aperture(pelvic inlet)（骨盆上口）inferior pelvic aperture(pelvic outlet)（骨盆下口）pubic arch（耻骨弓）subpubic angle（耻骨下角）hip joint（髋关节）transverse acetabular ligament（髋臼横韧带）ligament of head of femur（股骨头韧带）iliofemoral ligament（髂股韧带）pubofemoral ligament（耻股韧带）ichiofemoral ligament（髂股韧带）zona orbicularis（轮匝带）knee joint（膝关节）patella ligament（髌韧带）tibial collateral ligament（胫侧副韧带）fibular collateral ligament（腓侧副韧带）oblique popliteal ligament（腘斜韧带）anterior cruciate ligament（前交叉韧带）posterior cruciate ligament（前交叉韧带）medial meniscus（内侧半月板）lateral meniscus（外侧半月板）suprapatellar bursa（髌上囊）deep infrapatallar bursa（髌下深囊）alar folds（翼状襞）tibiofibular joint（胫腓关节）crural interosseous membrane（小腿骨间膜）joint of foot（足关节）ankle joint(talocrural joint)（踝关节）medial(deltoid) ligament（内侧韧带）lateral ligament（外侧韧带）anterior talofibular ligament（距腓前韧带）posterior talofibular ligament（距腓后韧带）calcaneofibular ligament（跟腓韧带）talocalcaneal joint距跟关节（距下关节）talocalcaneonavicular joint（距跟舟关节）calcaneocuboid joint（跟骰关节）plantar calcaneonavicular ligament跟舟足底韧带（跳跃韧带）bifurcated ligament（分岐韧带）tarsometatarsal joint（跗跖关节）intermetatarsal joint（跖骨间关节）metatarsophalangeal joint（跖趾关节）interphalangeal joint（趾骨间关节）arch of foot（足弓）medial longitudunal arch（内侧纵弓）lateral longitudinal arch（外侧纵弓）transverse arch（横弓）3.Myology (Muscular System)（肌学）belly and tendon（肌腹和肌腱）aponeurosis（腱膜）long muscle（长肌）short muscle（短肌）flat muscle（扁肌）orbicular muscle（轮匝肌）prime mover（原动肌）fixator（固定肌）synergist（协同肌）antagonist（拮抗肌）fascia（筋膜）superficial(subcutaneous) fascia（浅筋膜）deep(proper) fascia（深筋膜）intermuscular septum（肌间隔）synovial bursa（滑膜囊）tendinous sheath（腱鞘）fibrous layer（纤维层）synovial layer（滑膜层）mesotendon（腱系膜）(1)Muscles of Head（头肌）1)Facial Muscles（面肌）epicranius(occipitofrontalis)（颅顶肌）frontal belly（额腹）galea aponeurotica（帽状腱膜）occipital belly（枕腹）orbicularis oculi（眼轮匝肌）muscles around mouth（口周围肌）orbicularis oris（口轮匝肌）levator labii superioris（提上唇肌）depressor anguli oris（降口角肌）depressor labii inferioris（降下唇肌）levator anguli oris（提口角肌）risorius（笑肌）zygomaticus major（颧大肌）zygomaticus minor（颧小肌）buccinator（颊肌）2)Masticatory Muscles（咀嚼肌）masseter（咬肌）temporalis（颞肌）lateral pterygoid（翼外肌）medial pterygoid（翼内肌）(2)Muscles of Neck（颈肌）platysma（颈阔肌）sternocleidomastoid（胸锁乳突肌）suprahyoid mm.（舌骨上肌群）diagastric（二腹肌）myohyoid（下颌舌骨肌）stylohyoid（茎突舌骨肌）geniohyoid（颏舌骨肌）infrahyoid mm.（舌骨下肌群）sternohyoid（胸骨舌骨肌）omohyoid（肩胛舌骨肌）sternohyoid（胸骨甲状肌）thyrohyoid（甲状舌骨肌）scalenus anterior（前斜角肌）scalenus medius（中斜角肌）scalenus posterior（后斜角肌）(3)Muscles of Trunk（躯干肌）1)Muscles of Back（背肌）trapezius（斜方肌）latissimus dorsi（背阔肌）levator scapulae（肩胛提肌）rhomboideus（菱形肌）erector spinae(sacrospinalis)（竖脊肌）splenius（夹肌）thoracolumbar fascia（胸腰筋膜）2)Muscles of Thorax（胸肌）pectoralis major（胸大肌）pectoralis minor（胸小肌）serratus anterior（前锯肌）intercostales externi（肋间外肌）intercostales interni（肋间内肌）intercostales intimi（肋间最内肌）diaphragm（膈）central tendon（中心腱）vena caval foramen（腔静脉孔）esophageal hiatus（食管裂孔）aortic hiatus（主动脉裂孔）3)Muscles of Abdomen（腹肌）obliquus externus abdominis（腹外斜肌）inguinal ligament（腹股沟韧带）lacunal ligament（腔隙韧带）obliquus internus abdominis（腹内斜肌）inguinal falx(conjoint tendon)腹股沟镰（联合腱）transversus abdominis（腹横肌）rectus abdominis（腹直肌）tendinosus intersection（腱划）sheath of rectus abdominis（腹直肌鞘）arcuate line（弓状线）linea alba（白线）quardratus lumborum（腰方肌）inner investing fascia（腹内筋膜）diaphragmatic fascia（膈筋膜）iliaopsoas fascia（髂腰筋膜）pelvic fascia（盆筋膜）transversalis fascia（腹横筋膜）inguinal canal（腹股沟管）superficial inguinal ring（腹股沟管浅环）deep inguinal ring（腹股沟管深环）(4)Muscles of Upper Limb（上肢肌）1)Muscles of Shoulder（肩部肌）deltoid（三角肌）supraspinatus（冈上肌）infraspinatus（冈下肌）teres minor（大圆肌）teres major（小圆肌）subscapularis（肩胛下肌）2)Muscles of Arm（臂肌）biceps brachii（肱二头肌）coracobrachialis（喙肱肌）brachialis（肱肌）triceps brachii（肱三头肌）3)Muscles of Forearm（前臂肌）Brachioradialis（肱桡肌）pronator teres（旋后肌）flexor carpi radialis（桡侧腕屈肌）palmaris longus（掌长肌）flexor carpi ulnaris（尺侧腕屈肌）flexor digitorum superficialis（指浅屈肌）flexor pollicis longus（拇长屈肌）flexor digitorum profundus（指深屈肌）pronator quadratus（旋前方肌）anconeus（肘肌）extensor carpi radialis longus（桡侧腕长伸肌）extensor carpi radialis brevis（桡侧腕短伸肌）extensor digitorum（指深肌）extensor digiti minimi（小指深肌）extensor carpi ulnaris（尺侧腕深肌）supinator（旋后肌）abductor pollicis longus（拇长展肌）extensor pollicis brevis（拇短伸肌）extensor pollicis longus（拇长伸肌）extensor indicis（示指伸肌）4)Muscles of Hand（手肌）abductor pollicis brevis（拇短展肌）flexor pollicis brevis（拇短屈肌）opponens pollicis（拇对掌肌）adductor pollicis（拇收肌）abductor digiti minimi（小指展肌）flexor digiti minimi brevis（小指短屈肌）oppenens digiti minimi（小指对掌肌）lumbricales（蚓状肌）palmar interossei（骨间掌侧肌）dorsal interossei（骨间背侧肌）axillary fossa（腋窝）trilateral foramen（三边孔）quadrilateral foramen（四边孔）deltopectoral groove（三角胸肌间沟）cubital fossa（肘窝）carpal canal（腕管）(5)Muscles of Lower Limb（下肢肌）1)Muscles of Hip（髋肌）iliopsoas（髂腰肌）psoas major（腰大肌）iliacus（髂肌）psoas minor（腰小肌）tensor fascia latae（阔筋膜张肌）iliotibial tract（髂胫束）gluteas maximus（臀大肌）gluteas medius（臀中肌）gluteas minimus（臀小肌）piriformis（梨状肌）obturator internus（闭孔内肌）obturator externus（闭孔外肌）quadratus femoris（股方肌）2)Muscles of Thigh（大腿肌）sartorius（缝匠肌）quadriceps femoris（股四头肌）rectus femoris（股直肌）vastus medialis（股内侧肌）vastus lateralis（股外侧肌）vastus intermedius（股中间肌）pectineus（耻骨肌）gracilis（股薄肌）adductor longus（长收肌）adductor brevis（短收肌）adductor magnus（大收肌）biceps femoris（股二头肌）；semitendinosus（半腱肌）semimenbranosus（半膜肌）3)Muscles of Leg（小腿肌）tibialis anterior（胫骨前肌）extensor digitorum longus（趾长深肌）extensor hallucis longus（拇长深肌）triceps surae（小腿三头肌）tendo calcaneus（跟腱）gastrocnemius（腓肠肌）soleus（比目鱼肌）plantaris（跖肌）popliteus（腘肌）flexor digitorum longus（趾长屈肌）tibialis posterior（胫骨后肌）flexor hallucis longus（拇长屈肌）peroneus longus（腓骨长肌）peroneus brevis（腓骨短肌）4)Muscles of Foot（足肌）extensor hallucis brevis（拇短伸肌）extensor digitorum brevis（趾短伸肌）abductor hallucis（拇展肌）flexor hallucis brevis（拇短屈肌）adductor hallucis（拇收肌）abductor digiti minimi（小趾展肌）flexor digiti minimi brevis（小趾短屈肌）flexor digitorum brevis（趾短屈肌）quadratus plantae（足底方肌）lumbricales（足蚓状肌）plantar interossei（骨间足底肌）dorsal interossei（骨间背侧肌）II.Splanchnology（内脏学）viscera（内脏）tubular viscus（中空性器官）mucous membrane (mucosa)（粘膜）submucosa（粘膜下层）muscular coat（肌层）adventitia(serosa)（外膜）parenchymatous organ（实质性器官）hilum(porta)（门）reference line of thorax（胸部标志线）anterior median line（前正中线）sternal line（胸骨线）midclavicular line（锁骨中线）parasternal line（胸骨旁线）anterior axillary line（腋前线）middle axillary line（腋中线）posterior axillary line（腋后线）scapular line（肩胛线）posterior median line（后正中线）abdominal regions（腹部分区）right hypochondric region（右季肋区）epigastric region（腹上区）left hypochondric region（左季肋区）right lumbar region（右腰区）umbilical region（脐区）left lumbar region（右腰区）right iliac region（右髂区）hypogastric region（腹下区）left iliac region（右髂区）1.Alimentary System（消化系统）alimentary canal（消化管）alimentary gland（消化腺）(1)Oral Cavity（口腔）oral vestibule（口腔前庭）oral lips（口唇）upper lip（上唇）philtrum（人中）lower lip（下唇）nasolabial sulcus（鼻唇沟）frenulum of upper lip（上唇系带）cheek（颊）oral cavity proper（固有口腔）hard palate（硬腭）soft palate（软腭）uvula（腭垂）palatine velum（腭帆）palatoglossal arch（腭舌弓）palatopharyngeal arch（腭咽弓）isthmus of fauces（咽峡）teeth (dentes)（牙）deciduous teeth（乳牙）permanent teeth（恒牙）incisor（切牙）canine（尖牙）premolar（前磨牙）molar（磨牙）crown of tooth（牙冠）neck of tooth（牙颈）root of tooth（牙根）dental cavity(pulp cavity)（牙腔）root canal（牙根管）dentine（牙质）enamel（釉质）cement（牙骨质）dental pulp（牙髓）periodontal membrane（牙周膜）alveolar bone（牙槽骨）gingiva（牙龈）tongue（舌）terminal sulcus（界沟）foramen cecum of tongue（舌盲孔）lingual mucous menbrane（舌粘膜）papillae of tongue（舌乳头）filiform papillae（丝状乳头）fungiform papillae（菌状乳头）oliate papillae（叶状乳头）valate papillae（轮廓乳头）lingual tonsil（舌扁桃体）frenulum of tongue（舌系带）sublingual caruncle（舌下阜）sublingual fold（舌下襞）muscles of tongue（舌肌）genioglossus（颏舌肌）hyoglossus（舌骨舌肌）styloglossus（茎突舌肌）superior longitudinal m.（上纵肌）inferior longitudinal m.（下纵肌）transverse m. of tongue（舌横肌）vertical m. of tongue（舌垂直肌）oral gland（口腔腺）sublingual gland（舌下腺）submandibular gland（下颌下腺）parotid gland（腮腺）parotid duct（腮腺导管）(2)Pharynx（咽）nasopharynx（鼻咽）pharyngeal opening of auditory tube（咽鼓管咽口）tubal torus（咽鼓管圆枕）pharyngeal recess（咽隐窝）tubal tonsil（咽鼓管扁桃体）pharyngeal tonsil（咽扁桃体）oropharynx（口咽）median glossoepiglottic fold（舌会厌正中襞）epiglottic vallecula（会厌谷）palatine tonsil（腭扁桃体）supratonsillar fossa（扁桃体上窝）laryngopharynx（喉咽）piriform recess（梨状隐窝）muscles of pharyngeal wall（咽壁肌）contrictors of pharynx（咽缩肌）(3)Esophagus（食管）(4)Stomach（胃）cardia（贲门）pylorus（幽门）greater curvature of stomach（胃大弯）cardiac incisure（贲门切迹）lesser curvature of stomach（胃小弯）angular incisura（角切迹）pyloric antrum（幽门窦）pyloric canal（幽门管）fundus of stomach（fornix of stomach）胃底（胃穹隆）body of stomach（胃体）pyloric valve（幽门瓣）gastric area（胃区）gastric pit（胃小凹）pyloric sphincter（幽门括约肌）(5)Small Intestine（小肠）duodenum（十二指肠）superior duodenal flexure（十二指肠上曲）duodenal bulb（十二指肠球）inferior duodenal flexure（十二指肠下曲）longitudinal fold of duodenum（十二指肠纵襞）major duodenal papilla（十二指肠大乳头）minor duodenal papilla（十二指肠小乳头）duodenojejunal flexure（十二指肠空肠曲）supensory muscle of duodenum（十二指肠悬肌）ligament of Treitz（Treitz韧带）jejunum（空肠）ilium（回肠）intestinal villi（肠绒毛）solitary lymphatic follicles（孤立淋巴滤泡）aggregated lymphatic follicles（集合淋巴滤泡）(6)Large Intestine（大肠）colic band（结肠带）haustra of colon（结肠袋）epiploicae appendices（肠脂垂）semilunar folds of colon（结肠半月瓣）caecum（盲肠）iliocecal orifice（回盲口）iliocecal valve（回盲瓣）vermiform appendix（阑尾）colon（结肠）ascending colon（升结肠）transverse colon（横结肠）descending colon（降结肠）sigmoid colon（乙状结肠）rectum（直肠）ampulla of rectum（直肠壶腹）transverse folds（直肠横襞）anal cnal（肛管）anal column（肛柱）anal valve（肛瓣）anal sinuses（肛窦）dental line（齿状线）anal pecten（肛梳）white line（白线）anus（肛门）sphincter ani（肛门括约肌）sphincter ani internus（肛门内括约肌）sphincter ani externus（肛门外括约肌）(7)Liver（肝）right lobe（右叶）left lobe（左叶）bare area（裸区）sulcus for vena cava（腔静脉沟）falciform ligament（镰状韧带）coronary ligament（冠状韧带）triangular ligament（三角韧带）porta hapatis（肝门）hepatic pedicle（肝蒂）ligamentum teres hepatis（肝圆韧带）fossa for gallbladder（胆囊窝）quadrate lobe（方叶）caudate lobe（尾状叶）ligamentum venosum（静脉韧带）gallbladder（胆囊）billiary ducts（胆道）right hepatic duct（右肝管）left hepatic duct（左肝管）common hepatic duct（肝总管）common bile duct（胆总管）hepatopancreatic (Vater’s) ampulla（肝胰壶腹）sphincter of hepatopancreatic ampulla（肝胰壶腹括约肌）triangle of Calot（胆囊三角）(8)Pancreas（胰）uncinate process（钩突）pancreatic duct（胰管）accessory pancreatic duct（副胰管）2.Respiratory System（呼吸系统）respiratory tract（呼吸道）respiratory organ（呼吸器官）(1)Nose（鼻）nasal cavity（鼻腔）nasal septum（鼻中隔）nares(nostrils)（鼻孔）choanae(posterior nasal aperture)（鼻后孔）nasal vestibule（鼻前庭）nasal limen（鼻阈）proper nasal cavity（固有鼻腔）supreme concha and supreme meatus（最上鼻甲、最上鼻道）olfactory region（嗅区）Little’s area（易出血区）respiratory region（呼吸区）sphenoethmoidal recess（蝶筛隐窝）semilunar hiatus（半月裂孔）ethmoidal infundibulum（筛漏斗）ethmoidal bulb（筛泡）nasal gland（鼻腺）(2)Paranasal Sinus（鼻旁窦）(3)Larynx（喉）thyroid cartilage（甲状软骨）left lamina（左板）right lamina（右板）laryngeal prominance（喉结）superior thyroid notch（上切迹）superior cornu（上角）inferior cornu（下角）cricoid cartilage（环状软骨）lamina of cricoid cartilage（环状软骨板）arch of cricoid cartilage（环状软骨弓）arytenoid cartilage（勺状软骨）vocal process（声带突）muscular process（肌突）epiglottic cartilage（会厌软骨）epiglottis（会厌）thyroepiglottic lig.（甲状会厌韧带）thyrohyoid membrane（甲状舌骨膜）median thyrohyoid lig.（甲状舌骨正中韧带）lateral thyrohyoid lig.（甲状舌骨外侧韧带）triticeal cartilage（麦粒软骨）cricothyroid joint（环甲关节）cricoarytenoid joint（环勺关节）quadrangular membrane（方形膜）vestibular lig.（前庭韧带）conus elasticus（弹性圆锥）vocal ligament（声韧带）vocalis（声带肌）vocal fold（声带）median cricothyroid lig.（环甲正中韧带）cricotracheal lig.（环气管韧带）cricothyroid（环甲肌）posterior cricoarytenoid（环勺后肌）lateral cricoarytenoid（环勺侧肌）thyroarytenoid（甲勺肌）transverse arytenoid（勺横肌）oblique arytenoid（勺斜肌）aryepiglottic muscle（勺会厌肌）laryngeal cavity（喉腔）aperture of larynx（喉口）vestibular fold（前庭襞）vocal fold（声襞）rima vestibuli（前庭裂）fissure of glottis (rima glottis)（声门裂）laryngeal vestibule（喉前庭）tubercle of epiglottis（会厌结节）intermedial cavity（喉中间腔）ventricle of larynx（喉室）infraglottis cavity（声门下腔）(4)Trachea and Bronchi（气管和支气管）birfurcation of trachea(气管杈）carina of trachea（气管隆嵴）membranous wall（气管膜壁）tracheal muscle（气管肌）right principal bronchus（右主支气管）left principal bronchus（左主支气管）(5)Lung（肺）apex of lung（肺尖）base of lung（肺底）hilum of lung（肺门）root of lung（肺根）cardiac notch of left lung（左肺心切迹）lingula of left lung（左肺小舌）oblique fissure（斜裂）horizontal fissure of right lung（右肺水平裂）pulmonary segment（肺段）lobar bronchi（肺叶支气管）segmental bronchi（肺段支气管）(6)Pleura（胸膜）parietal pleura（壁胸膜）cupula of pleura（胸膜顶）costal pleura（肋胸膜）diaphramatic pleura（膈胸膜）mediastinal pleura（纵隔胸膜）vesceral pleura（脏胸膜）pulmonary ligament（肺韧带）pleural cavity（胸膜腔）costodiaphragmatic recess（肋膈隐窝）costsmediastinal recess（肋纵隔隐窝）phrennicomediastinal recess（膈纵隔隐窝）(7)Mediastinum（纵隔）superior mediastinum（上纵隔）inferior mediastinum（下纵隔）anterior mediastinum（前纵隔）middle mediastinum（中纵隔）posterior mediastinum（后纵隔）3.Urinary System（泌尿系统）kidney（肾）renal hilum（肾门）renal pedicle（肾蒂）renal cortex（肾皮质）renal corpuscle（肾小体）tubulus（肾小管）renal medulla（肾髓质）renal column（肾柱）renal pyramid（肾锥体）renal papillae（肾乳头）renal sinus（肾窦）minor renal calices（肾小盏）major renal calices（肾大盏）renal pelvis（肾盂）fibrous capsule（纤维囊）adipose capsule（脂肪囊）renal fascia（肾筋膜）renal segment（肾段）ureter（输尿管）urinary bladder（膀胱）fundus of bladder（膀胱底）body of bladder（膀胱体）apex of bladder（膀胱尖）neck of bladder（膀胱颈）trigone of bladder（膀胱三角）vesical plica（膀胱襞）ureteric orifice（输尿管口）internal urethral orifice（尿道内口）vesical uvula（膀胱垂）interureteric fold（输尿管间襞）urethra（尿道）external urethral orifice（尿道外口）paraurethra glands（尿道旁腺）4.Male Genital System（男性生殖系统）testis（睾丸）tunica albuginea（白膜）mediastinum of testis（睾丸纵隔）septula of testis 睾丸小隔）lobule of testis（睾丸小叶）convoluted seminiferous tubule（精曲小管）stright seminiferous tubule（精直小管）rete testis（睾丸网）efferent ductule of testis（睾丸输出小管）。

英语课程中的人体解剖学词汇人体解剖学是了解人体结构和器官功能的学科，它在医学、生物学和健康科学领域中扮演着重要的角色。

在学习英语课程时，掌握一些与人体解剖学相关的词汇可以帮助我们更好地理解和表达相关的概念。

本文将介绍一些常用的人体解剖学词汇。

一、身体部位1. Head（头部）- 包括脑、额头、眼睛、耳朵、鼻子和嘴等。

2. Neck（颈部）- 位于头部和上胸部之间的部位。

3. Shoulder（肩膀）- 连接脖子和胳膊的部位。

4. Chest（胸部）- 身体前部，包括肺部和心脏。

5. Arm（手臂）- 分为上臂（upper arm）和下臂（forearm）。

6. Elbow（肘部）- 转接上臂和下臂的关节。

7. Wrist（手腕）- 连接手和前臂的部位。

8. Hand（手）- 包括手掌、手指和指甲等。

9. Abdomen（腹部）- 肚脐以上到胸骨之间的部位。

10. Back（背部）- 身体后部，包括脊椎和肩胛骨。

11. Hip（臀部）- 连接躯干和下肢的部位。

12. Leg（腿）- 包括大腿、小腿和脚等。

13. Knee（膝盖）- 连接大腿和小腿的关节。

14. Ankle（脚踝）- 连接小腿和脚的关节。

15. Foot（脚）- 包括脚背、脚底和脚趾等。

二、器官和系统1. Brain（脑）- 控制身体的各种功能，如思考和感觉等。

2. Heart（心脏）- 泵血到全身以维持循环系统。

3. Lungs（肺）- 用于呼吸，氧气进入血液，二氧化碳排出体外。

4. Stomach（胃）- 在消化过程中扮演重要角色。

5. Liver（肝脏）- 分解和代谢毒素，也参与消化过程。

6. Kidneys（肾脏）- 过滤血液，排除废物和调节体液平衡。

7. Intestines（肠道）- 包括小肠和大肠，用于消化和吸收营养物质。

8. Bladder（膀胱）- 储存尿液。

9. Skeleton（骨骼）- 人体的支撑结构，保护内脏器官。

精选医学专业英语词汇大全1. Anatomy (解剖学)- Abdomen: 腹部- Brain: 大脑- Heart: 心脏- Kidney: 肾脏- Liver: 肝脏- Lungs: 肺- Stomach: 胃- Spine: 脊柱2. Physiology (生理学)- Blood pressure: 血压- Digestion: 消化- Respiration: 呼吸- Circulation: 循环- Metabolism: 新陈代谢- Hormones: 激素- Nervous system: 神经系统- Immune system: 免疫系统3. Diseases and Conditions (疾病与病况) - Diabetes: 糖尿病- Cancer: 癌症- Asthma: 哮喘- Hypertension: 高血压- Arthritis: 关节炎- Depression: 抑郁症- Obesity: 肥胖症- Pneumonia: 肺炎4. Medical Procedures (医疗程序)- Surgery: 手术- X-ray: X射线- MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging): 磁共振成像- Blood test: 血液检查- Vaccination: 疫苗接种- Dialysis: 透析- Chemotherapy: 化疗5. Medical Specialties (医学专科) - Cardiology: 心脏病学- Dermatology: 皮肤科- Gastroenterology: 胃肠病学- Neurology: 神经学- Psychiatry: 精神病学- Obstetrics and Gynecology: 妇产科- Orthopedics: 骨科- Pediatrics: 儿科6. Medical Instruments (医疗器械) - Stethoscope: 听诊器- Thermometer: 温度计- Sphygmomanometer: 血压计- Scalpel: 解剖刀- Syringe: 注射器- Electrocardiograph: 心电图仪- Ultrasound machine: 超声波机- Endoscope: 内窥镜以上是一份精选医学专业英语词汇大全，涵盖了解剖学、生理学、疾病与病况、医疗程序、医学专科和医疗器械等方面的词汇。

医学英语——常用解剖术语1、总论[Introduction]superior[上]inferior[下]Cranial[头侧]Caudal[尾侧]anterior[前]posterior[后]ventral[腹侧]dorsal[背侧]medial[内侧]lateral[外侧]internal[内]external[外]superficial[浅]profundal[深]proximal[近侧]distal[远侧]ulnar[尺侧]radial[桡侧]tibial[胫侧]fibular[腓侧]2、运动系统[locomotor （kinetic）system]vertebrae[椎骨]cervical vevtebrae[颈椎]thoracic vertebrae[胸椎]lumbar vertebrae[腰椎]sacrum[骶骨]sternum[胸骨]rib[肋骨]thoracic cage[胸廓]skull[颅]frontal bone[额骨]parietal bone[顶骨]occipital bone[枕骨]temporal bone[颞骨]sphenoid bone[蝶骨]ethmoid bone[筛骨]mandible （submaxilla）[下颌骨]maxilla （supermaxilla）[上颌骨]nasal bone[鼻骨]coronal （sagital，lambdoid）suture [冠状（矢状，人字）缝]orbit[眶]clavicle[锁骨]scapula （shoulder blade）[肩胛骨]sternum （breast bone）[胸骨]manubrium sterni （presternum）[胸骨柄]midsternum[胸骨体]xiphoid[剑突]humerus[肱骨]radius[桡骨]ulna[尺骨]carpal bone[腕骨] metacarpal bone [掌骨] phalanges[指（趾）骨] hip bone[髋骨]ilium[髂骨]ischium [坐骨]pubis[耻骨]femur [股骨]patella[髌骨]tibia[胫骨]fibula [腓骨]articulation[关节]ligament[韧带]flexion[屈]extension[伸]adduction[收]abduction[展] medial rotation[旋内] lateral rotation[旋外]pronation[旋前]supination[旋后]circumductoin[环转]vertebral column[脊柱]intervertebral disc[椎间盘] temporal-mandibular joint[颞下颌关节] shoulder joint[肩关节]elbow joint[肘关节]radiocarpal joint[肩关节]radiocarpal joint[桡腕关节]pelvis[骨盆]hip joint[髋关节]knee joint[膝关节]ankle joint[踝关节]muscle [肌肉]tendon[肌腱]fascia[筋膜]tendinous sheath[腱鞘]trapezius[斜方肌]latissimus dorsi[背阔肌]sternocleidomastoid[胸锁乳突的]scalenus [斜角肌]pectoralis major[胸大肌]intercostales[肋间肌]diaphragm[膈肌]inguinal canal[腹股沟管]masseter[咬肌]temporalis[颞肌]deltoid[三角肌]biceps brachii[肱二头肌]triceps brachii[肱三头肌] axillary fossa [腑窝] gluteus maximus[臀大肌]piriformis[梨状肌]sartorius[缝匠肌] quadriceps femoris[股四头肌] triceps surae[小腿三头肌]femoral triangle[股三角]3、内脏[Viscera]viscera[内脏]oral cavity[口腔]lip[唇]cheek[颊]palate[腭]tooth[牙]dentes[牙]tongue[舌]parotid gland[腮腺]pharynx[咽]esophagus[食管]stomach gaster[胃]duodenum[十二指肠]jejunum[空肠]ileum [回肠]large intestine[大肠]caecum[盲肠] vermiform （appendix）[阑尾]colon[结肠]rectum[直肠]anal canal[肛管]dentate line[齿状线]anus[肛门]liver （hepar）[肝]porta hepatis[肝门]gallblader[胆囊]pancreas[胰]nose[鼻]nasal cavity[鼻腔]paranasal sinus[鼻旁窦]larynx[喉]laryngeal cavity[喉腔]vocal cord[声带]trachea[气管]bronchi[支气管]lung [肺]pulmonary[肺的]pleura[胸膜]mediastinum[纵隔]kidney[肾]renal pilvis[肾盂]ureter[输尿管]urinary bladder[膀胱]urethra[尿道]testis[睾丸]epididymis[附睾] ductus deferens[输精管]spermatic cord[精索]prostate[前列腺]scrotum[阴囊]penis[阴茎]ovary[卵巢]uterine tube[输卵管]uterus[子宫]vagina[阴道]clitoris[阴蒂] mamma （breast）[乳房]mammary papilla （nipple）[乳头]perineum[会阴]pelvic diaphragm[盆膈]peritoneum[腹膜]omentum[网膜]4、心血管系统[Cardiovascular system]heart[心]artery[动脉]vein[静脉]capillary[毛细血管]atrium[心房]ventricle[心室]tricuspid valve[三尖瓣]bicuspid valve[二尖瓣]aortic valve[主动脉瓣]pulmonary valve[肺动脉瓣]sinuatrial node[窦房结]atrioventricular node[房室结]atrioventricular bundle[房室束] right/left bundle branch[右/左束支]coronary artery[冠状动脉]coronary sinus[冠状窦]pericardium[心包]aorta[主动脉]innominate artery[无名动脉（头臂干）]common carotid artery[颈总动脉]carotid sinus [颈动脉窦]internal（external）carotid artery[颈内（外）动脉]facial artery[面动脉]subclavian artery[锁骨下动脉]mesenteric artery[肠系膜动脉]common iliac artery[髂总动脉]popliteal artery [腘动脉]vena cava [腔静脉]internal jugular vein[颈内静脉]cephalic vein[头静脉]basilic vein[贵要静脉]saphenous vein[隐静脉]lymphatic duct[淋巴导管]thoracic duct[胸导管]lymph node[淋巴结]spleen[脾]thymus[胸腺]5、感觉器[sense organs]sensory organ[感觉器]receptor[感受器]visual organ[视器]eyeball [眼球]cornea[角膜]sclera[巩膜]choroid [脉络膜]ciliary body[睫状体]iris[虹膜]retina[视网膜]optic disc[视神经盘]macula lutea[黄斑]aqueous humor[房水]lens[晶状体]vitreous body[玻璃体]eyelid [眼睑]conjunctiva[结膜]lacrimal gland[泪腺]vestibulocochlear organ[前庭蜗器]ear（auris）[耳]auricle[耳廓]acoustic meatus[耳道]tympanic cavity[鼓室]tympanic membrane[鼓膜]pharyngotympanic tube [咽鼓管]bony（membranous）labyrinth[骨（膜）迷路]vestibule [前庭]semicircular canal[半规管]cochlea[耳蜗]cochlear duct[蜗管]olfactory organ[嗅器]gustatory organ[味器]taste bud[味蕾]skin[皮肤]6、神经系统[Nervous system] central nervous system[中枢神经系统] peripheral nervous system[周围神经系统] visceral nerve[内脏神经医学教.育网搜集] afferent nerve[传入神经]efferent nerve[传出神经]neuron[神经元]axon [轴突]dendrite[树突]glia [神经胶质]gray matter [灰质]white matter[白质]cortex[皮质]madulla[髓质]nucleus[神经质]ganglion[神经节]fasciculus[神经束]nerve[神经]spinal nerve[脊神经]cervical plexus[颈丛]brachial plexus[臂丛]lumbar plexus[腰丛]sacral plexus [骶丛]phrenic nerve[膈神经]median nerve[正中神经]ulnar nerve[尺神经]radial nerve[桡神经]femoral nerve[股神经]ischiatic nerve[坐骨神经] common peroneal nerve[腓总神经] cranial nerve[颅（脑）神经]olfactory nerve[嗅神经]optic nerve[视神经]oculomotor nerve[动眼神经]trochlear nerve[滑车神经]trigeminal verve[三叉神经]abducent nerve[展神经]facial nerve[面神经] vestibulocochlear nerve[前庭蜗神经] glossopharyngeal nerve[舌咽神经] vagus nerve[迷走神经]accessary nerve[副神经]hypoglossal nerve[舌下神经] autonomic nervous system[自主神经] vegetative nervous system[植物神经] sympathetic nerve[交感神经] parasympathetic nerve[副交感神经]spinal cord[脊髓]encephalon （brain）[脑]brain stem[脑干]medulla oblongata[延髓]pons [脑桥]mesencephalon[中脑]midbrain[中脑]cerebellum[小脑]diencephalon[间脑]thalamus[丘脑]hypothalamus[下丘脑]hypophysis[垂体]telencephalon[端脑]cerebrum[大脑]cerebral cortex[大脑皮质]corpus striatum[纹状体]internal capsule[内囊]spinothalamic tract[皮质脊髓束]medial lemniscus[内侧丘系]lateral lemniscus[外侧丘系]spinal lemniscus[脊髓丘系]trigeminal lemniscus[三叉丘系]7、体表标记[Anatomic marks]naso-labial groove[鼻唇沟]suprasternal fossa[胸骨上窝]supraclavicular fossa[锁骨上窝]infraclavicular fossa[锁骨下窝]armpit （axillary fossa）[腋窝]midsternal （midian）line[胸骨中线（正中线）]anterior midian line[前正中线]parasternal line[胸骨旁线]midclavicular line[锁骨中线]mammillary （nipple，milk）line[乳线]posterior （mid-，anterior）axillary line[腋后（中，前）线]scapular line[肩胛线]midspinal line[脊柱中线]dorsomedian line[后正中线]linea paravertebralis [脊椎旁线]the left （right）upper abdomen （quadrant）[左（右）上腹]epigastrium[上腹部]the middle abdomen[中腹部]the lower abdomen[下腹部]linea pararectalis[腹直肌旁线]anterior superior spine[髂前上棘] symphysis pubis （symphysion）[耻骨联合]ischial tuberosity[坐骨结节]groin （inguen）[腹股沟]popliteal fossa[腘窝]upper extremity（limb）[上肢]lower extremity（limb）[下肢]posterior superior spine[髂后上嵴] anterior （dorsal）part of chest（前（后）胸部）scapular region[肩胛区]anterior （posterior）fontanelle[前（后）囱]。