气象报告及英文缩写词

民航气象常用缩略语及符号含义天气现象名称、简语及符号类别种别记录完型符号雷电雷暴/雷雨TS/TSRA thunderstorm/ thunderstorm降水雨 RA rain 冻雨 FZRA freezing rain 阵雨 SHRA shower rain 毛毛雨 DZ drizzle 冻毛毛雨 FZDZ freezing drizzle 雨夹雪 RASN/SNRA rain and snow 阵性雨夹雪SHRASN/SHSNRAshower rain and snow雪 SN snow grains 阵雪 SHSN shower snow米雪SG now小冰雹/雪丸（霰）GS small hail and/or snowpellets冰雹 GR hail 冰粒 PL ice pellets 冰针 IC ice crystals 吹雪高吹雪BLSN blowing snow低吹雪 DRSN low drifting snow雾雾 FG fog 轻雾 BR mist冻雾FZFG freezing fog 浅雾 MIFG shallow fog 碎雾 BCFG patches fog 部分雾PRFGpartial fogSYMBOLS FOR SIGNIFICANT WEATHER 重要天气预告图中的天气现象及符号符号含义符号含义freezing precipitation 冻降水* tropical cyclone 热带气旋shower 阵雨 hail 雹drizzle 毛毛雨 severe squall line 强飑线**rain 雨 moderate turbulence 中度颠簸snow 雪severe turbulence 严重颠簸widespread fog 大范围的雾 moderate aircraft icing 中度积冰widespread mist 大范围的轻雾severe aircraft icing 严重积冰widespread haze 大范围的霾mountain waves 地形波widespread smoke 大范围的烟mountain obscuration 山体朦胧widespread blowing snow 大范围的吹雪volcanic eruption 火山喷发***widespread sandstorm or duststorm大片沙暴或尘暴radioactive materials in the atmosphere大气中的放射性物质***severe sand or dust haze 严重沙或尘霾*“冻降水”不是指在很低的温度下由于接触降水而引起的航空器积冰。

重点！气象报告的常用缩写E-east 东W-west 西S-south 南N一north 北ELY-easterly 偏东SLY-southerly 偏南WLY-westerly 偏西NLY-northerly 偏北NE-northeast 东北NW-northwest 西北SE-southeast 东南SW-southwest 西南ENE-east-north-east 东北东WSW-west-south-west 西南西nm-nautical mile 海里km-kilometer 千米ml-mile 海里mb-millibar 毫巴kt-knot 节vis-visibility 能见度temp-temperature 温度℃-degree Celsius 摄氏度vrb-variable 风向不定slw-slow 缓慢的frq-frequent 经常的stnr-stationary 静止的qstnr-quasi-stationary 准静止tempo-temporary 临时的press-pressure 压力baro-barometer 气压表deg-degree 度ft-foot/feet 英尺mod-moderate 适中max-maximum 最大min-minimum 最小sit-situation 形势wx-weather 天气GMT-Greenwich Mean Time 世界时wrng-warning 警告msg-message 电文obsy-observatory 气象台pd-period 句点para-paragraph 段cma-comma 逗号pt-point 点wkn-weaken 减弱lgt一light 轻isol-isolated 局部的sct-scattered 零星的ocnl-occasional 偶尔cldy-cloudy 多云dz-drizzle 毛毛雨ts-thunderstorm 雷暴雨nc-no change 趋势少变Z-zulu time 世界时气象报告阅读题重点词汇，气象缩写较容易记忆，缩写为重音字母，拼读较为简单。

有关天气预报的英语单词AM Clouds / PM Sun=上午有云/下午后晴AM Showers=上午阵雨AM Snow Showers=上午阵雪AM T-Storms=上午雷暴雨Clear=晴朗Cloudy=多云Cloudy / Wind=阴时有风Clouds Early / Clearing Late=早多云/晚转晴Drifting Snow=飘雪Drizzle=毛毛雨Dust=灰尘Fair=晴Few Showers=短暂阵雨Few Snow Showers=短暂阵雪Few Snow Showers / Wind=短暂阵雪时有风Fog=雾Haze=薄雾Hail=冰雹Heavy Rain=大雨Heavy Rain Icy=大冰雨Heavy Snow=大雪Heavy T-Storm=强烈雷雨Isolated T-Storms=局部雷雨Light Drizzle=微雨Light Rain=小雨Light Rain Shower=小阵雨Light Rain Shower and Windy=小阵雨带风Light Rain with Thunder=小雨有雷声Light Snow=小雪Light Snow Fall=小降雪Light Snow Grains=小粒雪Light Snow Shower=小阵雪Lightening=雷电Mist=薄雾Mostly Clear=大部晴朗Mostly Cloudy=大部多云Mostly Cloudy/ Windy=多云时阴有风Mostly Sunny=晴时多云Partly Cloudy=局部多云Partly Cloudy/ Windy=多云时有风PM Rain / Wind=下午小雨时有风PM Light Rain=下午小雨PM Showers=下午阵雨PM Snow Showers=下午阵雪PM T-Storms=下午雷雨Rain=雨Rain Shower=阵雨Rain Shower/ Windy=阵雨/有风Rain / Snow Showers=雨或阵雪Rain / Snow Showers Early=下雨/早间阵雪Rain / Wind=雨时有风Rain and Snow=雨夹雪Scattered Showers=零星阵雨Scattered Showers / Wind=零星阵雨时有风Scattered Snow Showers=零星阵雪Scattered Snow Showers / Wind=零星阵雪时有风Scattered Strong Storms=零星强烈暴风雨Scattered T-Storms=零星雷雨Showers=阵雨Showers Early=早有阵雨Showers Late=晚有阵雨Showers / Wind=阵雨时有风Showers in the Vicinity=周围有阵雨Smoke=烟雾Snow=雪Snow / Rain Icy Mix=冰雨夹雪Snow and Fog=雾夹雪Snow Shower=阵雪Snowflakes=雪花Sunny=阳光Sunny / Wind=晴时有风Sunny Day=晴天Thunder=雷鸣Thunder in the Vicinity=周围有雷雨T-Storms=雷雨T-Storms Early=早有持续雷雨T-Storms Late=晚有持续雷雨Windy=有风Windy / Snowy=有风/有雪Windy Rain=刮风下雨Wintry Mix=雨雪混合。

Weather reportWordnice/ beautiful /lovely day 好天气Dew Point露点Humidity 湿度Wind 风力Visibility 能见度Barometer 气压Dust 灰尘Hot炎热Cold寒冷Warm暖和升温mild温暖Cool凉爽降温Overcast阴Bright, Sunny, Fair（尤指白天）Fine, Clear 晴Wet, Humid潮湿Dry干燥drought干旱elements 自然力量Weather Forecast 天气预报Today's Graphic 今日气象图meteorology 气象学oceanic climate 海洋性气候Fahrenheit 华氏maximum/minimum temperature最高/最低温度rainbow 彩虹(风、雨) thunder 雷lightning 闪电dew 露水waterspout 水龙卷dead calm 风平浪静Indian summer 小阳春风：windy 有风breezy 微风阵阵breeze 微风gust 阵风gentle wind 和风heavy/high/ gale wind 大风typhoon 台风Windy, Squall, Stormy, Chill, 风，狂风，暴风，寒风land wind 陆风cyclone 旋风 typhoon 台风 whirlwind 龙卷风 gale 季节风windy and dusty 风沙piercing wind 寒风1级风light air 2级风light breeze 3级风gentle breeze4级风moderate breeze 5级风fresh breeze 6级风strong breeze 7级风moderate gale 8级风fresh gale 9级风strong gale10级风whole gale 11级风storm 12级风/飓风hurricane 雪snowsnowy 有雪snowfall 降雪snowflake 雪花freeze 冰冻Snow Showers, Flurries 阵雪，小雪Drifting Snow 飘雪Light Snow Shower小阵雪Light /Heavy Snow 小/大雪Sleet雨夹雪blizzard /Snowstorm暴风雪 Light Snow Shower 小阵雪Blowing Snow吹雪Blizzard大风雪Snowdrift堆雪暴风雪Light Snow Fall小降雪Few Snow Showers 短暂阵雪Light Rain with Thunder小雨有雷声 Light Snow Grains小粒雪Snow and Fog雾夹雪Sleet雨夹雪Snow / Rain Icy Mix=冰雨夹雪Rain雨wet 雨天Light Rain 小雨Light Drizzle 微雨Drizzle, Light Rain毛毛雨，小雨Shower 阵雨Light Showers小阵雨Light Rain Shower小阵雨Few Showers 短暂阵雨Freezing Rain冻雨pour/downpour 倾盆大雨Heavy Rain 大雨Heavy Rain Icy 大冰雨Rain Shower=阵雨Light Rain Shower and Windy 小阵雨带风Heavy Showers, Rainshower 阵雨，强阵雨（从降雨强度及降雨量上）Storm/ tempest暴风雨thundery storm 雷雨thundery shower雷阵雨Heavy T-Storm 强烈雷雨Isolated T-Storms 局部雷雨blizzard 暴风雪seasonal rain 季雨monsoon rain 季风雨Occasional Showers, Scattered Showers零星阵雨（时间、空间上不连续的阵雨）Isolated Showers局地阵雨（空间分布上比Scattered Showers范围更小的阵雨）icy 地面结冰的frost 霜sleet /hail/hailstone 冰雹Freezing冰冻Frost 霜冻冰雹Fog雾Mist轻雾misty 薄雾Smoke烟雾Haze霾薄雾云Cloudy, Mostly Cloudy多云flood 洪水iceburg 冰山Sunny Interval, No Rain, Clearing多云间晴Sunny Period, Partly Cloudy, Partly Bright, Mild晴间多云AM Clouds / PM Sun=上午有云/下午后晴AM Showers=上午阵雨PM Showers=下午阵雨AM Snow Showers上午阵雪PM Snow Showers=下午阵雪AM T-Storms=上午雷暴雨PM T-Storms=下午雷雨Cloudy / Wind 阴时有风Clouds Early / Clearing Late 早多云/晚转晴Few Snow Showers / Wind 短暂阵雪时有风Lightening=雷电Mostly Clear=大部晴朗Mostly Cloudy=大部多云Partly Cloudy=局部多云Mostly Cloudy/ Windy=多云时阴有风Partly Cloudy/ Windy=多云时有风Mostly Sunny=晴时多云Rain / Snow Showers=雨或阵雪Rain / Snow Showers Early=下雨/早间阵雪Rain / Wind=雨时有风Rain and Snow=雨夹雪Scattered Showers=零星阵雨Scattered Showers / Wind=零星阵雨时有风Scattered Snow Showers=零星阵雪Scattered Snow Showers / Wind=零星阵雪时有风Scattered Strong Storms=零星强烈暴风雨Scattered T-Storms=零星雷雨Showers Early=早有阵雨Rain Shower=阵雨Showers Late=晚有阵雨Showers / Wind=阵雨时有风Showers in the Vicinity=周围有阵雨Smoke=烟雾Thunder=雷鸣Thunder in the Vicinity=周围有雷雨T-Storms=雷雨T-Storms Early=早有持续雷雨T-Storms Late=晚有持续雷雨Windy / Snowy=有风/有雪Windy Rain=刮风下雨Wintry Mix=雨雪混合各种天气的说法：fair (adj.)晴朗的cloudy (adj.)阴天的,多云的sunny skies (adj.)晴朗的clear skies (adj.)晴朗的brief showers/brief rain 短暂雨torrential rains 豪大雨thundershower 雷阵雨partly cloudy skies with brief rain 晴时多云短暂雨mostly cloudy skies with brief rain 多云短暂雨必备基本关键字：weather forecast 气象预报Central Weather Bureau 中央气象局prediction (n.)预测call (n.)预测,预报temperature (n.)温度high (n.)（气温的）最高点low (n.)（气温的）最低点气象播报基本公式1. 开场白(1)Taking a look at the weather forecast for today…..来看一下今天的天气预报….(2)Let’s take a look at the weather. 我们来看一下天气(3)Let’s take a look at the weather forecast for today.来看一下今天的天气预报(4)Looking now at the weather forecast…现在来看一下天气预报…..(5)(5) Taking a look at tomorrow’s weather…. 来看一下明天的天气….. 2. 播报天气(1) Mostly cloudy skies with brief showers islandwide today.今天全省各地大都是多云短暂雨的天气(2) Partly cloudy skies with brief showers in the north. Mostly fair in the center and south.北部是晴时多云短暂雨的天气.中南部一整天大都是晴朗的好天气(3) Mostly fair conditions in the rest of Taiwan. For tomorrow, partly cloudy skies in the north and mostly fair in the center and south.台湾其他地区大都是晴朗的天气.至於明天,北部晴时多云；中南部大多是晴天(4) The skies are nice right now in Taipei, but the call is for some brief rain in the north.目前台北的天气不错,但预测北部会出现短暂雨3. 气温变化预测：(1) Expect a high today of 28 in the north, 30 in the center and 31 in the south.今天北部的气温最高可达廿八度；中部三十度；南部三十一度(2) Expect mostly fair skies islandwide with temperatures climbing slightly to 18 in the north, 19 in the center and 21 in the south.全省各地大多是晴朗的好天气,气温稍稍回升,北部十八度；中部十九度；南度廿一度4. 目前气温：(1) Right now it‘s 26 in Kaohsiung and T aichung and 25 in Taipei.目前在高雄和台中都是二十六度；台北是二十五度日常交际用语分析：谈论天气(一)英国人特别喜欢谈论天气，几乎成了见面的必说之言。

PART1 气象报文的识读常见飞行气象情报的种类：机场天气报告:METAR报,SPECI报航空天气预报:TAF报(航站预报)重要气象情报:SIGMET报区域预报系统产品:高层风温预告图、中层风温预告图、高层重要天气预告图 (SWH)、中层重要天气预告图(SWM)一、机场天气报告1、机场天气报告(METAR)，又称为SA报：机场日常天气报告，一般每半小时或1小时发布一次。

例：METAR ZBAA 200000Z 00000MPS 3000 BR FEW023 SCT040 12/11 Q1024 NOSIG=2、特殊观测报告(SPECI)，又称SP报当机场出现危险天气或危险天气结束，要及时发布SPECI例：SPECI ZHHH 060121Z 12004MPS 0800 R04/0800N FG SKC 01/00 Q1027 NOSIG=3、METAR报每项含义METAR ZBAA（1） 200000Z（2） 00000MPS（3） 3000（4） BR（5） FEW023 SCT040（6） 12/11（7） Q1024（8） NOSIG（9）=（1）四字代码，表示首都机场，其它如ZGGG白云机场，ZSSS虹桥机场（2）表示日期（20日）和时间（03时00分钟），Z表示世界时（3）表示风向风速，00000MPS表示静风，此外，还可以18004MPS等，31010G18MPS。

MPS表示风速单位，米/秒，常见：KMH（千米/小时），KT（海里/小时）、VRB表示风向不定。

（6）表示天空状况（云量和云底高）SKC（0），FEW（1-2），SCT（3-4），BKN（5-7），OVC（8）等云高以30米（100英尺）为单位，NSC 表示无重要的云如果有CB和TCU，则表示成SCT050CB等，050表示云底高，050*30=1500米（7）温度/露点：如果为负值，则加M，如M12/M11（8）表示修正海平面气压（9）趋势着陆报，表示未来2小时内天气趋势NOSIG表示未来2小时内天气没有明显变化此外，还有TEMPO和BECMG，例如:BECMG +TSRA BKN030CB例1：METAR ZLXY 182300Z 05003MPS 0800 R05/1200N FZFG NSC M01/M01 Q1023 NOSIG=18日2300世界时，西安机场的例行报告；地面风向50度；风速3米/秒；能见度800米，冻雾；代表5号跑道接地地带的跑道视程1200米，同时跑道视程在前10分钟无变化；冻雾；无对飞行有重要影响的云；气温零下1摄氏度；露点温度零下1摄氏度；修正海平面气压1023百帕；未来2小时无重要变化例2：MTEAR ZUUU 032330Z 00000MPS 1600 R02/1400 –RA BR SCT020 OVC040 15/13 Q1022 NOSIG=3日2330世界时，成都机场例行报告；静风；能见度1600米；2号跑道跑道视程1400米；弱降水；轻雾；第一层云3-4个量，底高600米；第2层云8个量，云底高1200米；气温15摄氏度；露点温度13摄氏度；修正海平面气压1022百帕；未来2小时无重要变化。

有关天气预报的英语单词AM Clouds / PM Sun=上午有云/下午后晴AM Showers=上午阵雨AM Snow Showers=上午阵雪AM T-Storms=上午雷暴雨PM Rain / Wind=下午小雨时有风PM Light Rain=下午小雨PM Showers=下午阵雨PM Snow Showers=下午阵雪PM T-Storms=下午雷雨Clear=晴朗Cloudy=多云Cloudy / Wind=阴时有风Clouds Early / Clearing Late=早多云/晚转晴Overcast=阴Drifting Snow=飘雪Drizzle=毛毛雨Dew 露水Dust=灰尘Downpour 暴雨Dead calm 风平浪静Drought 干旱Fair=晴Fog=雾Freeze 冰冻Few Showers=短暂阵雨Few Snow Showers=短暂阵雪Few Snow Showers / Wind=短暂阵雪时有风Haze=薄雾Hail=冰雹Heavy Rain=大雨Heavy Rain Icy=大冰雨Heavy Snow=大雪Heavy T-Storm=强烈雷雨Isolated T-Storms=局部雷雨Light Drizzle=微雨Light Rain=小雨Light Rain Shower=小阵雨Light Rain Shower and Windy=小阵雨带风Light Rain with Thunder=小雨有雷声Light Snow=小雪Light Snow Fall=小降雪Light Snow Grains=小粒雪Light Snow Shower=小阵雪Lightening=雷电Mist=薄雾Mostly Clear=大部晴朗Mostly Cloudy=大部多云Mostly Cloudy/ Windy=多云时阴有风Mostly Sunny=晴时多云Partly Cloudy=局部多云（少云）Partly Cloudy/ Windy=多云时有风Rain=雨Rain Shower=阵雨Rain Shower/ Windy=阵雨/有风Rain / Snow Showers=雨或阵雪Rain / Snow Showers Early=下雨/早间阵雪Rain / Wind=雨时有风Rain and Snow=雨夹雪Showers=阵雨Showers Early=早有阵雨Showers Late=晚有阵雨Showers / Wind=阵雨时有风Scattered Showers=零星阵雨Scattered Snow Showers=零星阵雪Scattered Showers / Wind=零星阵雨时有风Scattered Snow Showers / Wind=零星阵雪时有风Scattered Strong Storms=零星强烈暴风雨Scattered T-Storms=零星雷雨Showers in the Vicinity=周围有阵雨Smoke=烟雾Snow=雪Snowfall 降雪Snow / Rain Icy Mix=冰雨夹雪Snow and Fog=雾夹雪Snow Shower=阵雪Snowflakes=雪花Sunny=阳光Sunny / Wind=晴时有风Sunny Day=晴天Thunder=雷鸣Thunder in the Vicinity=周围有雷雨T-Storms=雷雨T-Storms Early=早有持续雷雨T-Storms Late=晚有持续雷雨Windy=有风Windy / Snowy=有风/有雪Windy Rain=刮风下雨Wintry Mix=雨雪混合Land wind =陆风Hurricane= 飓风Cyclone= 旋风Typhoon= 台风Whirlwind= 龙卷风Gale= 季节风Gust of wind= 阵风Breeze= 微风North wind=北风Northeaster=东北风East wind=东风Northwester=西北风Southwester =西南风1. Now here/this is the national/local weather report/forecast.2. Now let’s look at the weather across the country.3. Rains will be expected tomorrow in this area.4. Today will be cool and partly cloudy with a chance of rain this evening.5. Tomorrow will be heavy snow with a high/low (temperature) of subzero 15degree.6. Tomorrow will be overcast with a light northeast wind.7. Light to no winds with little change of the temperature is expected for thenext 2 days.8.。