ATS,AH100D高压均质机说明书

实验室用高压均质机安全操作及保养规程高压均质机是一种十分常见的实验室设备，它在生物化学、医药、食品科学等领域中起着重要作用。

然而，由于其工作原理及所用的高压大功率设备，使得在使用过程中需要注意安全问题，同时还需要进行正确的保养。

本文将介绍实验室用高压均质机的安全操作及保养规程。

一、安全操作
1. 装载样品前的准备
在使用高压均质机前，首先需要进行以下准备工作：
1.检查设备状态：检查均质机的电源、气源、水源等设备状
态是否正常，确认无异常方可进行操作。

2.选择适当的均质工作头：根据实验需要，选择适当的均质
工作头，确保样品能够充分均质。

3.安装均质工作头：根据设备的说明书，正确安装均质工作
头，并使其紧固。

4.准备样品：根据实验设计，准备样品，并根据需要加入均
质缓冲液。

2. 操作流程
1.打开电源开关：打开电源开关，将调速旋钮转到最小档，
均质机静态等待。

以啤酒废酵母为原料生产优质酵母提取物任光辉;王德良;林智平;郭立芸;苏东海【摘要】ABSTRACT The study focused on a kind of high-quality yeast extract processing technology based on spent brew- er' s yeast. The process included removal of impurity, debittering, enzymolysis, concentration and spray dehydration, after which a kind of light yellow yeast extract powder with well water-solubility can be obtained. During the process, 71.00% of raw yeast' s total amount, which be measured by absolutely dry weight, came into the final product, andthe percent for crude protein was 85.55%. Analysis result ot the product snowed mat lotJg yeast extract eonta~neu 52.90 g crude protein, 26.48 g Carbohydrate,0.20 g fat, 11.08 g ash and 9.34 g dietary fiber. What' s more, free amino acids and oligopeptide was the main form of nitrogen in the yeast extract, and it will be of great important po- tential material for health-care food.%研究了以啤酒生产中废弃酵母为原料的优质酵母提取物制备工艺。

高压均质机使用说明1.高压均质机工作原理高压均质机主要由柱塞泵、均质阀等部分组成，常用柱塞泵为三缸柱塞泵，由3个互不相连的工作室、3个柱塞、3个进料阀和3个出料阀等组成。

通过曲轴连杆机构和变速箱将电动机高速旋转运动变成低速往复直线运动。

由活塞带动柱塞，在泵体内做往复运动，完成吸料、加压过程，然后进入集流管。

进料管和排料管相通，在料液的排出口装有安全阀，当压力过高时，可使料液回流到进料口。

由于曲轴设计为使得连杆相位差为120°，这样可以使排出的流量基本平衡。

在料液的排出口安装有均质阀。

高压液料由集流管输送至均质阀，使得料液颗粒度降低、分布均匀。

均质阀有两级均质阀及两级调压装置，可完成超微粉碎、乳化等。

2.高压均质机使用维护（1）操作①开机准备首先检查电动机转动方向和传动箱内润滑油的油位。

开启冷却水，保证调压手柄处于旋松完全无压力状态（放松手柄1～2圈），打开进料阀和出料阀。

②起动主电动机，在无负荷的情况下运转几分钟，使设备各部件能充分润滑，同时可将泵体内空气排尽。

待出料口出料正常后，旋动调压手柄。

先缓慢调节二级调压手柄，再调节一级调压手柄，缓慢将压力调至使用压力。

③关机先缓慢放松一级调压手柄，再缓慢放松二级调压手柄卸压，当压力为零时再关主电动机，最后关冷却水。

(2)维护①定期检查油位，以保证润滑油量充足。

定期在机体连接轴处加些润滑油，以免缺油，损坏机器。

②启动设备前应检查各紧固件及管路等是否紧固。

启动前应先接通冷却水，保证柱塞往复运动时能充分冷却。

③严禁带载起动，工作中严禁断料，设备不得空转。

④调压时，须十分缓慢地加压和泄压。

⑤停机前须用净水洗去工作腔内残液。

⑥不能用高浓度、高黏度的料液来均质。

禁止粗硬杂质进入泵体。

一、摘要均质机主要用于生物技术领域的组织分散、医药领域的样品准备、食品工业的酶处理,，食品中农药残留以及兽药残留检测以及在制药工业、化妆品工业、油漆工业和石油化工等方面。

均质机采用不锈钢系统，可有效的分离护体样品表面和被包含在内的微生物均一样品，样品装在一次性无菌均质袋中，不与仪器接触，满足快速、结果准确、重复性好的要求。

目前，高剪切均质机主要具备结构紧凑、操作简便、性能稳定可靠、均质效果显著等优点。

为了更好的满足实际工作要求，设计者们还应努力尝试设计出能应对多种介质、实现最大自动化生产的机械设备。

近年来出现各种功能独特的食品机械，在这方面我国与国外先进水平的差距确实存在，但是正在不断缩小。

国内在设计制造特种食品机械的过程中也积累了大量的实际经验。

本次毕业设计是关于高剪切均质机的设计。

首先对高剪切均质机作了简单的概述；接着分析了各部分元件、零件的选型原则及计算方法；然后根据这些设计准则与计算选型方法按照给定参数要求进行选型设计；接着对所选择的各主要零部件进行了校核。

本次设计主要由动力输出电机、联轴器、主轴、筒体、均质轮、端盖、轴承、密封件、紧固件、底座等部件组成。

最后简单的说明了安装与维护。

本次设计代表了设计的一般过程, 难免存在各种纰漏、失误。

权当一次难得的实践过程，希望对今后的选型设计工作有一定的参考和借鉴价值。

关键词：高剪切均质机；选型设计；主要部件；养护维修。

二、AbstractHomogeneous machine is mainly used for decentralized organization in the field of biotechnology and medical field sample preparation, food industry of enzyme treatment, food pesticide residues and detection of veterinary drug residues as well as in the pharmaceutical industry, cosmetics industry, paint industry, petrochemical industry, etc.. Homogeneous machine uses the stainless steel system, which can effectively separation barrier on the surface of the sample and is contained, microbe homogenous samples, samples were packed in disposable sterile homogeneous bag, and instrument contact meet the requirements of fast, accurate and reproducible.At present, the high shear homogenization machine has the advantages of compact structure, simple operation, stable and reliable performance, and homogeneous effect. In order to better meet the actual work requirements, designers should also try to design can deal with a variety of media, to achieve maximum automated production machinery and equipment. In recent years, a variety of features unique food machinery, the gap between China and foreign advanced level do exist in this area, but is shrinking. Domestic design and manufacturing of special food machinery in the process has accumulated a lot of practical experience.This graduation design is about the design of high shear homogeneous machine. First of high shearing homogenizer made brief overview; followed by analysis of the components and parts selection principles and calculation methods; then calculated based on these design criteria and selection method in accordance with the given parameters requires selection of design; then to choose the main parts are checked. This design is mainly composed of the power output of the motor, the shaft coupling, the main shaft, the cylinder body, the homogeneous wheel, end cover, bearings, seals, fasteners, base etc. parts. Finally, simply explain the installation and maintenance.This design represents the general design process, there are many flaws, mistakes. Right when a rare practical process, I hope to have a reference value for future design work..Keywords: high shear homogeneous machine; type selection design; main components; maintenance and maintenance.三、目录一、摘要 (1)二、Abstract (2)三、目录 (3)四、绪论 (5)（一）原始参数 (6)（二）设计解决的问题 (6)五、高剪切均质机设计概述 (7)（一）高剪切均质机的工作原理 (7)1．动力输出电机 (7)2．联轴器 (8)3．轴 (8)4．筒体 (8)5．均质轮 (8)6．端盖 (8)7．轴承 (9)8．密封件 (9)9．底座 (9)（二）高剪切均质机的工艺原理 (9)六、高剪切均质机的设计计算 (10)（一）已知原始数据及工作条件 (10)（二）初始数据的计算 (10)1．电动机的确定 (10)2．设备排量的计算 (10)3．介质流速的确定 (10)4．设备最小通径的计算 (10)5．电机功率初略确定 (10)6．联轴器的选择 (10)7．主轴轴径初略确定 (11)8．密封形式的确定 (11)9．底座的形式 (11)（三）具体计算及校核 (11)1．三相异步电机 (11)2．轴的作用及类型 (14)3．轴的计算及校核 (18)4．弹性柱销联轴器 (23)5．圆锥滚子轴承 (26)6．密封件的选用 (28)7．均质轮的设计计算 (31)8．筒体的设计 (33)（四）设备安装、调试与操作 (34)（五）制动装置 (34)七、电气及安全保护装置 (35)八、结论 (36)九、致谢 (37)十、参考文献 (38)四、绪论顾名思义，高剪切均质机是在定子和转子相对转动的作用下，在合理狭窄的间隙中形成强烈、往复的液力剪切、摩擦、离心挤压、液流碰撞等综合效应；使物料在容器中循环往复以上工作过程，最终获得产品的机械设备。

ATS均质机操作规程-ENATS均质机操作规程及注意事项仪器名称ATS均质机仪器编号DFS-Dairy-001责任人Anney Xu校准周期每个月功能：用于液态物料的均质处理标准操作规程：1.物料要求：进行均质的物料必须是均一的流体。

注意：含固体颗粒或是粘度较高的物料应经过高剪切方可进料。

直径大于0.5mm的硬质颗粒或是含有植物根茎的物料不适用本设备。

2.开机前的检查：确保所有零部件都处于工作状态。

紧固件处于旋紧状态；加压手柄处于放松状态且不是太松；压力表归零并正常显示；进料系统中始终有物料或者水；注意：如设备移位需检查安装是否水平；电源相位（电机的转向）是否正确等；详情请联系ATS。

3.开机：将电源主开关顺时针旋转，待设备自检，显示屏显示当前频率后，按下电机开关，设备开始运转。

检查设备运行是否正常，然后根据流量参数表调节设备至所需频率，设备开始工作。

注意：a.出料口是否有物料流出且流量稳定；b.注意进料系统中的物料，进料应稳定、匀速。

c.此当中如有异常应立即关机，由专人检查设备或联系ATS。

4.加压：顺时针旋转加压手柄，加压过程应缓慢匀速进行，约100bar/10s。

所加压力不可大于压力表量程（＜1800bar）亦不可超过最高工作压力。

先调节二级压力，二级压力数值一般为总压力的10-50bar 左右，二级压力数值稳定后，再调节一级压力，此时一级压力表显示为总压力。

调节压力时，可使物料或水处于循环状态，保证进料系统不断流。

5.工作过程中a.注意进料杯中的物料，保证管路始终有物料。

在加压状态下如发生断料，应立即卸压（见步骤7），待设备为无负载运行后，关掉开关。

重新加料后再开机。

b.运行中有任何故障请关机，参见维护规程或说明书做相应处理，或联系ATS。

6.卸压：逆时针旋转加压手柄，卸压过程应缓慢匀速进行，约100bar/10s。

加压手柄请勿过分旋出，即保证手柄不处于过松状态，以免下次开机时顶杆瞬间顶出，割破顶杆O型圈。

ATS Engineering Inc.OWNER’S MANUAL AH100DAttention1. To avoid the particles of impurities (such as iron, glass, etc.) into the homogenizer to wear inlet valve and homogenizing valve, every materiel should be filtered by filter screen of 60-100 mu before it is put into homogenizer to homogenized.2. It is forbidden to operate machine long time when there is no material3. Do not turn on homogenizer under handle was tightly, for sudden overload capacity will damage motor.4. AH08-100 homogenizer is designed for production. The machine can work for a long time.5. Solid ceramic plunger used for homogenizer. So the temperature changes of product contact pieces couldn’t over 70℃, or the plunger may rupture. The range of temperature changes shouldn’t over 5℃, especially under cleaning operation.1 The theory of Homogenization1.1 What is homogenizationHomogenization is finished by homogenizing valve and piston which can refine the material occurred in the homogeneous valve and mix them.1.2 The theory of homogenizationMaterial is inhaled through the piston. With the help of the plunger, it can enter the gap. Also, the size of the gap is changing with different pressures. Releasing the pressure, the material eject with the speed of one thousand to one thousand and five hundred meters per second. Three effects produced after the material hit the impact ring which is one of the valve components .Hole effectThe material accumulated high energy after pressed by the plunger. When passing the limiting gap, it can release high energy after the sudden decreasing of pressure. Through it , the material can be smashed and refined .This is called Hole effect.Impact effectWhen passing the limiting gap, the material smashed and refined after hitting the special impact ring.Shear effectThe high speeding material produce strong shearing when crossing the valve chamber channel and limiting gap.1.3 Function diagram of plunger pump1.4 Function diagram of homogeneous valve1.5 Function diagram of two stages homogeneous valves2Introduction of equipment structure2.1Pressure block1- stainless inlet cup 6- inlet pipe2- inlet valve plunger 7- outlet pipe3- outlet valve plunger 8- pressure block4- pressure gauge 9- the first stage valve 5- the second stage valve2.2ceramic plunger1- solid ceramic plunger 2- locknut3- tension ring 4- spacer ring- plunger seal2.3inlet valve1.fixed nut2.fixed plug3.gasket4.o-ring5.spring6.ceramicball7.inlet valveseatPressure block was made of two-phase alloys stainless steel. To ensure equipment work well under high pressure and easily removal and installation. The internal pipe size of pressure block is 12ml. At least 50ml material can be operated circularly with the special feeder.Installation with pressure block:√A solid ceramic plunger, which has smooth surface and high corrosion-resistant that self-lubricating.√Special material of plunger seal. It can be used with no water lubrication.√Unidirectional inlet valve and outlet valve. A valve support was be installed under inlet valve which can be removal. Inlet valve is made of alloys with high hardness STELLITE√A digtal gauge of high precision which adopted sanitary design and with battery.2.4homogeneous valve group1-homogenous valve body2-O-ring3-Inside O-ring4-Outside O-ring5-Mandril O-ring6-Mandril7-HandleA set valve was installed in valve body by rotating handle to push mandril to change pressure. They formed a standard homogenous valve group.2.5homogeneous valveWe supplied two sets of homogeneous valves for AH100D. One set emulsion valve and one set rupture valve.Emulsion valve is formed by one ceramic ball, one stainless collision ring and one tungsten carbide valve seat. Both sides of valve seat can be used, so it can be used for a more time.Emulsion valve usually used for preparation of emulsion, for example, Chemical and pharmaceutical : vitamin emulsion, vein emulsionFood and beverage: essence，juice，vegetable protein beverageDairy products: milk, ice cream， cream， yogurtRupture valve is formed by one impact head, one valve seat and one impact ring. They are made of tungsten carbide.2.6Technical parameters of the equipment Model: AH100DCapacity: 8-15L/HMaximum operating pressure: 1800barStroke of equipment: 98-184 times/min Maximum viscosity: 2000CpMaximum temperature of the product: 90℃Maximum temperature of the steam： 121℃3. Equipment Operation3.1. Check before start1. ATS high-pressured homogenizer is designed to reach very high pressure,therefore, good operational habit can prevent and avoid injuries & harm to device itself.2. In order to use this equipment accurately and safely, operators are asked to make regular and necessary inspection, make sure that the equipment works in ideal condition and prevent any possible problems.Note: Make sure no metal particles in homogenizing or broken material fluid.3. Make sure that bolts on the Flan, different connecting and pressure mass are totally tightened.4. Put up the power line and turn on the main power.5. Check the rotational direction of motor. Make sure that fan rotates in the direction of the arrow.Note: If the direction of motor is not consistent with the direction of the arrow, please adjust the connection on the electric plug.6. Check manifolds assemble correct or not, manifolds washers well or not, if they are correct and well, then you can reconfigure manifolds.7. Make sure that two stages homogenizing valve hand wheels are totallyloosened, but not too loosen.8. Press the switch of pressure gauge and confirm the value is zero.9.Check the ring & piston seal periodically to make it leak-off.3.2 Turn on the equipment1. Add some water into the inlet cup.2. Make sure handle is loose and pressure gauge shows there is no pressure.3. Rotate the switch, and then the equipment can begin to work. According to the required capacity to adjust converter knob slowly, until it reach a appropriate frequency and the discharge is well-distributed and continuous, without abnormal noise.4. When the value of pressure is zero, you can switch off the equipment. Note: If there’s no material fluid discharged from the outlet after you turn on the equipment for 60 seconds, it indicates that air blocking existed in the pressure mass. If so, you should switch off the equipment firstly, turn on the charging valve and divert material fluid into pressure mass, then turn on equipment again3.3 Pressure adjustmentThe second-stage pressureadjustment.Rotate handle clockwise toincrease pressure, and rotatewiddershins to decrease.First-stage adjustmentRotate handle clockwise toincrease pressure, and rotatewiddershins to decrease.Max pressure is 1800bar.Pressure increased:1)Adjust the pressure of second-stage valve: rotate handle widdershins andslowly to increase the pressure to requirement.2)Adjust the pressure of first-stage: rotate handle clockwise and slowly toincrease the pressure to the total pressure.Remarks: it is a normal condition that the noise is increased by the increased pressure.Pressure discharged:1)discharge pressure of the first-stage homogeneous valve: Rotate handlewiddershins and slowly to decrease the pressure to the pressure of the second-stage, then stop rotating.2)Discharge pressure of the second-stage homogeneous valve: Rotate handlewiddershins and slowly until the pressure was decreased to zero, then stop rotating.Attention: stop rotating until the pressure is zero, do not rotate too loose.3.4 Operational procedure1. Put some water into the inlet cup, turn on equipment.2. Adjust the pressure to the requirement.3. Don’t put material into the inlet cup until water flowed to the bottom of the cup.4. At the process of homogenous, operator should pay attention to the material in the inlet cup.5. when finished operating, please discharge material in equipment. Put some water into inlet cup.6. Adjust the pressure to zero, then clean equipment as your requirement.7. Rotate switch widdershins, turn off.3.5 Cleaning1.Put clear water into inlet cup immediately when the operating material is flowing in the bottom of the cup. Then use 60℃water to clean.2.200bar pressure can be used when cleaning the equipment.3.Suited detergent:NaOH : Maximum consistency 3% Max temperature 90℃HNO3 ：Maximum consistency 0.5% Max temperature 70℃H3PO4 : Maximum consistency 3% Max temperature 85℃Hot water: Max temperature 95℃Steam : Max temperature 130℃Attention: Detergent is prohibit to include the element of chlorine and iodine.3.6 Sterilization operationAH100D homogenizer was designed to sterilize by pure steam. The maximum temperature of the pure steam is 121℃. The longest time of sterilization is 30min. The highest pressure of sterilization is 3.8bar.1.Open the inlet clamp, remove the inlet cup.2.Steam producer and inlet flange is connected by clamp.3.Time of sterilization should not over 30min. Do not turn on equipment onthe process of sterilization.4.Nature cooling after sterilization. Do not cooling by cool water.5.Disconnect the connection of inlet flange after the pressure block is cooltotally.4 Maintained4.1 To disassemble and assemble valves of Inlet/ OutletTo disassemblee spanner to remove the fixed bolt 1&2e extractor to remove fixation device 3&4e tweezers to remove spring and ceramic ball of 5&6To assemble1.Put ceramic ball 5 on opening of outlet valve by tweezers, and put ceramicball 6 on inlet valve seat. Make sure they are in middle position.2.To fix spring on fixation device 3&4. To tighten fixed blot 1&2 by spanner.4.2 To disassemble and assemble the pressure gaugeTo disassembleLoosen bolts and remove the pressure gauge 1. Do not pull the head of the gauge. Please hold the body of the gauge.To assemble1.Put gasket 2 below pressure gauge, then install o-ring 3.2.Put the gauge into hole, then fix bolts.4.3 To disassemble and assemble homogeneous valveTo disassemble and inspect1.Loosen bolt of valve, remove the whole valve.2.Press valve seat and rotate handle clockwise to push out valve group andmandril 7.3.Check the surface of homogeneous valve seat and impact head or ring.To assemble1.Lubricate all O-rings by food grade grease before assemble all products.2.To put handle 8 into valve 4 by rotating clockwise.3.Put impact head into valve, then put impact ring, at last put valve seat intovalve.4.Put wetting gasket 2 attached to the surface of valve seat.5.Check out if there is gasket in the hole of the first-stage valve, then put itinto valve body and fix the bolts.6.To assemble the second-stage valve is the same progress as the first-stage.4.4 To disassemble and assemble the pressure blockTo disassemble1.Remove the fixed bolt 1 by spanner of 24#2.Hold pressure block 2 to pull it out gently, then remove pressure block. Theweight of pressure block is 20KG.3.Remove oriented ring 4 and support block 6 in turn. Do not touch plunger.4.Check out if the ceramic plunger is loosed.To assemble1.To assemble support block 6, vent side down. Mounted on four bolts.2.Set oriented ring 4 into plunger. Put them into support block.3.Ceramic plunger and plunger seal are wetted by water. It is good forlubrication.4.Push pressure block 2 gently until it contact with support block 6.5.Lock fixed bolts tightly.ATS ENG INC.215 Common errors and solutionsCondition Reason SolutionMotor is not working No powerCheck electrical connectionMotor is working but nothing out fromoutlet Air plug in pressure block so material can not flow Plunger is rupture Open inlet valve to discharge air Change another plunger No pressureInlet valve seat is wear outPressure gauge is damagedChange another valve seator pressure gauge Unstable pressureGauge is damagedImpurity is in material Air is in materialChange another gauge Pretreatment again Discharge airNo material out orreduction afterincreased pressureInlet valve or valve seat iswear outCheck out and change a newoneNo display on gaugePressure gauge is damagedor no powerChange gauge or battery。

高压均质机操作说明1.准备工作：（1）检查高压均质机的整体结构是否完好无损，各部件是否牢固；（2）检查电源插座是否正常，接地是否良好；（3）检查水源和冷却系统是否正常；（4）准备好需要均质的原料，确保原料浓度和温度达到要求。

2.开启高压均质机：（1）先将电源插头插入插座，确保电源开关处于关闭状态；（2）打开工作台上的电源开关；（3）打开水源，使冷却系统能正常工作；（4）打开均质机本体的电源开关；（5）调整均质机的操作参数，如调节工作压力、流量等。

3.进料过程：（1）打开料液进料阀门；（2）调整进料阀门的开度，使得进料速度适中；（3）将预处理好的原料缓慢地注入均质机的料液进料口；（4）观察进料情况，确保原料能顺利进入均质机。

4.运行过程：（1）观察压力表和流量表的读数，确保均质机的工作参数在合理范围内；（2）根据需要，调节均质机的工作压力和流量，达到所需的均质效果；（3）观察均质机本体的工作状态，如有异常情况及时停机检查；（4）根据实际情况，酌情调整均质机的工作时间和温度。

5.停机过程：（1）关闭料液进料阀门，使原料不再进入均质机；（2）停止给水，关闭冷却系统；（3）关闭均质机本体的电源开关；（4）关闭工作台上的电源开关；（5）拔出电源插头。

6.清洗和保养：（1）停机后，拆卸均质机的各个部件，如均质头、转子等，进行彻底清洗；（2）用干净的布擦拭均质机本体，确保无水和残留物；（3）定期检查和更换均质机的易损件，如密封圈、轴承等；（4）定期对均质机进行润滑和保养，确保其正常运行。

以上就是高压均质机的操作说明。

在操作过程中，要严格遵守安全操作规程，确保个人和设备的安全。

同时，根据具体的生产需求和原料特性，可以对操作参数进行适当的调整和优化，以达到最佳的均质效果。

实验室小型高压均质机安全操作及保养规程1. 前言实验室小型高压均质机是常用的实验仪器，主要用于分散、均匀、粉碎和溶解细胞组织、生物样品等。

由于该设备涉及高压电、高速旋转等危险因素，因此在使用和保养时必须高度重视安全操作，严格遵守操作规程，以确保人员和仪器的安全。

2. 安全操作规程2.1 准备工作在使用高压均质机前，必须做好以下准备工作：1.确认设备供电符合要求，检查电源插座、电源线等是否正常；2.检查高压均质机的整体结构和紧固件是否牢固稳定；3.准备好需要处理的生物样品，并按照说明书或实验方案确定均质条件。

2.2 操作步骤在操作高压均质机时，必须严格遵守以下操作规程：1.操作时必须佩戴符合标准的安全防护眼镜、耳塞、手套及口罩等防护设备；2.将生物样品放置到均质机槽中，并注意样品体积不得超过槽的最大容量；3.关闭均质机盖，确保盖子牢固和扣子完好无损；4.打开高压均质机电源，按照说明书或实验方案设置均质参数；5.打开均质机调速旋钮，逐渐增加均质机的速度，直到达到设定的转速或功率；6.均质过程中要持续监控槽内压力、温度和均质液的流动情况，若出现异常情况应立即停机处理；7.均质完成后，先关掉调速旋钮，再断电和等待机器自然冷却。

8.开盖前一定要确保高压已经完全释放，否则会给操作人员带来严重的危险。

2.3 操作注意事项在操作高压均质机时，一定要注意以下事项：1.避免在均质过程中打开盖子，以免血液样品飞溅，造成二次污染和伤害；2.不得用手触摸高压均质机与槽，以免触电或被夹伤；3.不要让衣袖、袖口等任何物品接近旋转部件，否则有夹住危险；4.均质机内部禁止喷雾灌溉2.4 故障处理在使用高压均质机时，如果发生故障，必须采取相应措施，具体方法如下：1.均质机不启动：检查电源是否通电；检查功率开关是否打开；检查电源线插头是否插紧；2.均质机运行抖动：检查槽内生物样品量是否超出容量；检查槽盖合上是否紧密牢固；3.均质机噪音过大：检查旋转轴承是否涂油；检查槽内是否缺少试剂等；4.均质液未流动：检查槽内缺少样品或试剂；检查管路是否阻塞或导管是否松动；5.均质机停机时并没有高压释放：检查电源是否已经切断并施行相应的安全操作；3. 保养规程高压均质机是精密仪器，为了确保其长期稳定运行，必须定期进行保养工作。

均质机使用维护手册1.均质机的主要结构和零部件本机由底座和电动机、变速箱、高压泵、均质器等部件组成。

1.1 底座和电动机底座是整机的基础，起支撑作用，由槽钢制成，它的上面装有Y型三相异步电动机，电动机在导轨上有适应位移，用以调整三角胶带的传动张紧力。

装有QC型磁力起动器，对于大功率电动机，另配有电器控制箱，使之启动时起保护电网作用。

1.2 变速箱变速箱由二级变速，首级采用三角胶带传动，以防机器特殊情况下（过载）引起机器不必要的损坏，次级采用一只或两只斜齿轮传动，与曲轴联成一体的斜齿轮带动三拐或四拐曲轴传动。

曲轴通过连杆、滑块等，使三根或四根柱塞在高压泵中作往复直线运动，高压泵中的高压能量是由柱塞的往复运动而获得变速部分各轴承均采用标准滚动轴承和特种合金材料作滑动轴承，变速箱采用大齿轮溅，通过导油孔连续润滑各档轴承，柱塞高压密封部件——由于柱塞的往复运动在高压泵中产生极大的压强，因此，柱塞往复运动处的高压密封是获得极大压强的先决条件，它由柱塞密封套、紧定螺钉、柱塞定位套、垫环、密封圈、压环等组成（图5）。

本系列柱塞密封圈有V型和方型两种。

1.3 高压泵及均质阀（图2-A.B）高压泵是机器的心脏，是粉碎和乳化的关键部件，均由特殊耐腐蚀高级合金材料制成，主要由以下部件组成1.3.1 主泵体（图2-A）它由三个或四个柱塞泵并联组成，它包括泵体、上下阀、高低压阀、压盖、上下兰花、柱塞等组成。

当柱塞向后运动时，进料下阀门开启，将工作液料吸入，当柱塞向前运动时，下阀门关闭，上阀门被顶开，工作液被压入高压均质阀区域。

1.3.2 上下阀门与高低压阀（图2-A.B）上下阀门由阀芯和阀门座组成，三柱塞均质有6套，上下各三套，均由特种高硬度，耐腐蚀材料制成，阀门结构设计简单，具有独特的形式，配合精密，拆装方便，具有优良的使用性能和很高的使用寿命。

因长期工作阀芯和阀座配合面磨损时，出现流量减少或呈脉冲状，压力表或电流表摆动大时，就应该拆下修磨或更换。

均质机使用方法说明书使用方法说明书一、产品概述均质机是一种常用的实验室设备，主要用于将液体悬浮液或乳浊液高速剪切、撞击和遭受剪切力以实现均质、乳化、分散和混合等目的。

本说明书将为您详细介绍均质机的使用方法，确保您正确、安全地操作设备。

二、安全注意事项1.在使用均质机之前，请仔细阅读设备的使用手册和操作规范，了解并熟悉每一项安全注意事项。

2.确保均质机放置在稳固、平坦的台面上，避免设备晃动或滑动。

3.使用符合要求的电源和插座，确保配电线路能够满足设备的功率需求。

4.在使用均质机时，请佩戴安全手套、护目镜等个人防护装备，避免发生意外伤害。

5.在操作过程中，严禁将手或其它物件伸入设备内部，以免被均质刀片伤到。

三、设备操作步骤1. 准备工作a. 检查设备：检查均质机是否有损坏、松动的部件，如有异常情况，请及时维修。

b. 准备液体样品：根据实验要求制备好液体样品，保证样品准确、完整。

c. 确保环境安全：确保操作环境无明火、易燃物品等，保证工作区域安全。

2. 连接电源a. 将均质机插头与电源插座连接，并确保电源开关处于关闭状态。

b. 确认电源线连接牢固，无损坏情况。

3. 调整均质机参数a. 根据实验要求，选择合适的转速和运行时间。

b. 调整工作台面的高度，使均质机的浸入深度适合实验需求。

c. 确保所有参数调整正确，避免因操作错误导致实验失败。

4. 加样和操作a. 打开均质机顶部的进料夹管，将液体样品缓慢加入。

b. 根据实验要求，选择自动或手动模式，开始运行均质机。

c. 在操作过程中，可以适度调整进料速度和均质机的运行时间，以达到最佳效果。

d. 注意观察实验过程中的变化，如有异常情况，及时停止操作并进行检查。

5. 实验结束a. 当实验时间到达设定值时，关闭均质机。

b. 等待设备停止运行后，打开出料夹管进行液体样品收集。

c. 关闭电源开关，并拔掉电源插头。

四、设备维护及保养1. 清洁设备a. 在使用完均质机后，必须对设备进行及时的清洁。

高压均质机操作使用说明技术支持：上海红礼生物科技有限公司开机前检查1、保证机器的进料管清洁，需要均质的料液要确保不含杂质。

注意：要确保待均质或破碎的料液中无金属颗粒；在料液中有金属颗粒存在，会严重损伤进料阀和均质阀，造成机器无法使用。

2、确定两级均质阀的手轮完全松开，但需注意不可过松。

3、按下压力表上的开关，确认压力表显示的数值为零。

开机准备1、往料斗中加入请清水，并打开排气阀进行排气。

2、打开电源电源开关，运行机器，出料均匀连续，无异常噪音。

3、可先调节压力，先加二级阀，至需要压力的10%-15%然后在加一级阀至需要的压力。

均质完成后需要先卸掉一级阀压力，然后在卸掉二级压力至压力表显示0后，方可进行关机操作。

注意：如果开机30秒后，出料口无料液排出，说明压力块内有气堵现象。

应该关闭设备，打开进料阀，把料液引入压力块，然后重新安装进料阀，再进行开机操作。

操作步骤1.料斗中加入清水，开机。

2.调节均质压力到所需工作压力，工作加压时，当加压手柄感觉加不动时，要立刻把压力减到0Bar,重新加压，如果还是加不上去，要打开均质阀看一下。

3.当清水流到料斗底部时，往料斗中加入物料。

4.在机器均质过程中，操作人员要随时关注料斗中的存料量，及时补料、循环或准备降压停机（工作时不能走空物料）。

5.完成均质后，排放设备内部的物料，在料斗中的物料将尽时加入清水。

6.调节压力为零，根据需要进行清洗。

7.将开关转动到“0”位置，关机。

注意：进料斗中的料液不得全部排空后再停机，否则进入空气会造成气堵。

清洗1.在料液将尽时，立即向料斗里进清水进行清洗，防止料液在机器内部形成料膜或残留。

最好使用60℃的热水清洗。

2.在清洗时可以加压力至100bar，清洗机器。

3.该设备可以使用以下清洁剂4，清洗时间为10-15分钟（清洗水不能循环）NaOH类：最大浓度3%最高温度90℃HNO3类：最大浓度0.5%最高温度70℃H3PO4类：最大浓度3%最高温度85℃热水：最高温度95℃蒸汽：最高温度130℃注意：该设备不得使用含氯和碘的洗洁剂。

ATS Engineering Inc. OWNER'S MANUALAH100DATS ENG INC. 注意事项1. 任何物料在进入均质机进行均质之前，必须经过60—100目的滤网过滤，避免颗粒的杂质（如铁屑、玻璃碎片等）进入均质机，磨损机器的进料阀座和均质阀。

2. 均质机禁止在无物料的情况下长时间运行。

3. 均质机严禁在两级均质阀手柄旋紧的情况下开机，突然的过载负荷严重损害马达。

4. AH100D均质机为实验型设备，机器设计为短时间的实验使用。

5. 均质机使用固体陶瓷柱塞，与柱塞接触的物料温差变化不得超过70℃，否则可能造成柱塞断裂。

物料的温度增加或降低的幅度不得大于每分钟5℃（特别在机器灭菌操作时）。

M I N 500I N 500M I N 350M I N 500424D A R W I N G C O D EI N S T A L L A T I O N D R A W I N G A H 100DD E S C R I P T I O NU S E RD E S I G N E R A P P R O V .C H E C K ED D A T ER E V D E S C R I P T I O NS I G N D A T EA T S E n g i n e e r i n g I n c .S C A L E1:8S H . 1 O F 1M A T E R I A LW E I G H T =110k g F 1=65 F 2=45I T E MD E S C R I P T I O NC O N N E C T I O N1P R O D U C T I N L E TF E E D I NG F U N N E L -1/2" T R I C L A M P2P R O D U C T O U T L E T S S P I P E -1/2" T R I C L A M PO V E R A L L D I M E N S I O N S (m m )1236444048398F 2F 15501151311 均质原理1.1 何为均质均质是由柱塞泵和均质阀共同作用使物料在均质阀区发生细化和均匀混合的过程。