深圳科学高中2019-2020 学年第二学期网课质量检测试题

深圳科学高中2019-2020 学年第二学期网课质量检测试题年级：高一科目：英语考试时长：90 分钟卷面总分：135 分第一部分阅读理解(共15 小题; 满分35 分)第一节（共10 小题; 每题2.5 分，满分25 分）阅读下列三篇短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

AWedding cakes have their roots in ancient Rome, when marriage ceremonies ended with a wheat cake broken over the bride’s head for luck. The British people brought this tradition one step further, throwing the bread at the bride to show best wishes. In the medieval days, all the baked goods were piled high (the higher the better) and the couple attempted to kiss over the pile. If the pile remained well without falling off, they were assured a lifetime of happiness.In the 1600s, a French chef was quite shocked by the uncouth piling custom and recommended a more elegant piling system. However, this tasteful practice didn’t become popular until later. In some places, it was thought that eating a pie ensured couples would have a happy life together.In the 17th century “bride pie” became popular. Within it was a glass ring which was used in a similar way to the bouquet (花束) today: whichever woman found it was meant to be next in line to get married.The popularity of tiered wedding cakes came as a result of a baker’s student in late 18th-century London. A man called William Rich fell in love with his boss’s daughter. He was impressed by the shape of St Bride’s church.So when he asked the girl to marry him, he wanted to surprise her with a large, beautiful cake of that shape.It was the wedding of Queen Victoria in 1840 that really set the fashion for weddings — the dresses and cakes both became big and white. Sugar was then cheaper and it became much easier for working-class families to follow the fashion. During the Second World War, there were limited wedding cake options for the average people. Colorants (着色剂) made fruit cakes look colorful or cardboard cakes were rented and the real, smaller cake was put inside.1.In medieval times, how would a new couple pray for happiness?A.By breaking a cake together.B.By throwing the bread at each other’s head.C.By offering the wedding guests some baked goods.D.By kissing successfully without knocking over the baked food.2.What’s the meaning of the underlined word “uncouth” in Paragraph 2?A.Funny.B. Careful.C. Rude.D. Difficult.3.According to the last paragraph, people during World War Two .A.reduced some wedding celebrationsB.enjoyed having cheap wedding cakesC.could mainly afford white wedding cakesed some tricks to make wedding cakes look betterBYellowstone’s wolves are back, helping restore parts of the ecosystem that changed greatly a century ago. But Yellowstone is still not 100% back to normal and it may never be.The park completely changed after humans killed all the gray wolves in Yellowstone in the mid-1920s due to predator control efforts. Elk (麋鹿) herds increased rapidly over the next 70 years, damaging large amounts of land and trees such as willows and aspens. Fewer trees sent the songbird population into decline. Beavers ( 河狸) lost their food source and the wood to build their dams. The lack of those dams caused streams to be damaged, destroying the conditions which willows need to grow.Today, nearly 25 years after wolves were reintroduced into the park, the top predators are helping parts of the ecosystem bounce back. Yellowstone’s partial recovery has set off a heated debate.“You put the predator back, which is great, but conditions have changed so much that putting the predator back is not enough to bring the ecosystem to the former conditions,” said Tom Hobbs, an ecology professor.“There’s not a quick fix for mistakes. Maintaining undamaged ecosystems may be simple, but after you’ve lost some of the parts, repairing them is a big project,” Hobbs said.Most ecologists agree that Yellowstone has recovered some. When Doug Smith, Yellowstone National Park’s wolf biologist, first arrived in 1994, some willow and aspen trees only came up to his knees. “Now I can’t see through it,” he said. “It’s like a forest.”Despite all the disagreements, most ecologists say removing predators today would be a mistake. “The way ecosystems put themselves back together after such a problem is still something that scientists are trying to understand,” Bill Ripple said. “The lesson is — let us not make the same mistake as they did 70 years ago.”4.What happened after Yellowstone’s wolves were killed?A.The elk population declined.B.Willow trees became even fewer.C.Beavers caused damage to streams.D.Humans continued to kill other predators.5.What might Tom Hobbs agree with?A.Wolves are unable to restore ecosystems.B.Protecting the ecosystem is easier than fixing it.C.Yellowstone’s ecosystem is too fragile to repair.D.People need to find a quick fix for their mistakes.6.What does the author intend to tell us in the last paragraph?A.Most ecologists agree to remove the predator.B.Scientists have understood how ecosystems work.C.There is still much to rethink about the ecosystem.D.The ecosystem can go back to normal sooner or later.CFood waste is a global problem, but in the developed world, where our farming and manufacturing (制造的) practices are efficient, the food waste still commonly occurs. In UK homes, 77% of waste is either unnecessary(food that has been perfectly good) or possibly unnecessary (food that some people eat, but others don’t, such as potato skins and meat fat). This means an annual cost of more than £740.It seems too easy to say that consumers should be responsible for reducing these serious levels of waste. The relative low cost of food almost forces a consumer society to buy more food than it can eat. But the providers also drive this through brand advertising and clever pricing strategies. So both of them have a part to play. For the consumers, wasting less food equals saving more money and causing less environmental pollution. For the providers, the drive is less clear: selling less food equals less profit.So how can providers help consumers reduce food waste, but still remain profitable? The price of food seems a pretty obvious place to start. Consumers currently spend around 11% of their income on food and drink. Five decades ago, the figure was three times higher, so naturally people wasted less. But increasing the price of food so that consumers value it more is likely to be very unpopular and impractical.There is therefore a way for food providers to help consumers meet their families’ needs by selling meals, not food. Planning meals and then ordering them off the Internet for home delivery might build better relationships between providers and consumers. Even if consumers pay more for food which is delivered when wanted and actually gets eaten, it would be easy to get and could well end up being cheaper overall.Whichever approaches help successfully reduce food waste, one thing is certain: there needs to be a cooperative and beneficial approach for both providers and consumers. Only with this market-level change can we expect the amount of food we throw away to decrease.7.What can we infer from the first paragraph?A.Most food waste in the UK is avoidable.B.Food waste in the UK affects the food price.C.Improved technology helps greatly reduce food waste.D.Food waste leads to serious pollution in developed countries.8.What does Paragraph 2 imply?A.People’s shopping habits can be hard to change.B.The cost of dealing with food waste continues to rise.C.Providers may fail to benefit from food waste in the short term.D.It’s the responsibility of consumers and providers to reduce food waste.9.What does the author think of meal delivery service?A.Advanced.B. Beneficial.C. Impractical.D. Inconvenient.10.What does the text mainly talk about?A.How to reduce food waste.B.The problems with food production.C.How to develop good consumption habits.D.The relationship between consumers and food providers.每小题2 分，满分10 分)第二节(共5 小题;根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。

2019-2020学年深圳科学高中高三生物第二次联考试卷及答案一、选择题：本题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分。

每小题只有一个选项符合题目要求。

1. 下列关于物质循环和信息传递的说法不正确的是（）A.物质循环是指组成生物体的化合物，在无机环境与生物群落之间不断循环的过程B.碳从无机环境中进入生物群落的途径有光合作用和化能合成作用C.碳在生物群落与无机环境之间的循环主要是以CO2的形式进行的D.信息传递有利于调节生物的种间关系，维持生态系统的稳定性2. 如图是某植物在不同O2浓度下，从培养液（其中Ca2+、SiO44-始终保持含量充足）中吸收Ca2+和SiO44-的曲线图。

造成P、Q两点吸收量差异的主要因素与造成Q、R两点吸收量差异的主要因素分别是（）A.载体蛋白数量，载体数量B.离子浓度、能量C.载体蛋白数量、离子浓度D.载体蛋白数量、能量3. 细胞内葡萄糖分解为丙酮酸的过程（）A.不产生CO2B.必须在有O2条件下进行C.线粒体内进行D.反应速度不受温度影响4. DNA的碱基或染色体片段都可能存在着互换现象，下列相关叙述错误的是（）A.基因的两条链上相同位置的碱基互换可引起基因突变B.姐妹染色单体相同位置的片段互换可引起基因重组C.非同源染色体之间发生基因的互换可引起染色体结构变异D.减数第一次分裂时染色体互换会引起配子种类的改变5. 已知果蝇某对等位基因(A、a)位于X染色体上，雌性隐性纯合致死（合子或胚胎）。

现有基因型为XaY、XAXa的果蝇杂交得F1,F1雌雄个体自由交配得F2，则F2中雌性与雄性个体的比例是（）A.1 : 1B.3 :4C.3 : 2D.1 : 26. 下列有关A TP的说法，正确的是（）A. 淀粉酶催化淀粉水解成葡萄糖，并释放出大量ATPB. 人成熟的红细胞无细胞核和众多的细胞器，但也能合成A TPC. 若A TP的高能磷酸键全部水解，其生成物可以成为DNA复制的原料D. 绿色植物叶肉细胞的细胞质基质、线粒体基质和叶绿体基质中都能形成ATP7. 有关水、盐平衡调节的叙述，不正确的是（）A. 抗利尿激素能促进肾小管和集合管对水的重吸收B. 水盐平衡的调节中枢位于下丘脑C. 食用过咸食物引起大脑皮层产生渴觉的过程属于反射D. 大量饮水，可引起抗利尿激素的分泌减少8. 如图表示水盐调节的部分过程。

2019-2020学年深圳科学高中高三英语下学期期末考试试题及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AThis online course is designed to provide you with work-ready skills including responding to job advertisements，writing application letters and resumes（简历）and developing inter-view skills．What topics will it cover?● The recruitment（招聘）and selection process● The job application● Planning for the interview● Developing interview skillsWhat will you achieve?By the end of the course，you'll be able to...● Assess the recruitment and selection process from an employer's point of view● Interpret an advertisement，job description and selection criteria correctly● Model a well-written job application● Plan for a job interviewWho is the course for?While this course appeals to trainees and graduates，it also applies to job seekersin the broader community looking to increasing their confidence and success rate when applying for work．Who develops the course?Central Queensland University．It is Australia's leading regional university．Our courses are designed alongside industry andmany include hands-on learning experiences and project-based learning．Our commitment to making real-world knowledge and skills accessible to all has seen us being awarded global recognition．1. What will students learn if they take the online course?A. The way to write a resume．B. The way to put an advertisement．C. The skills of talking with others．D. The skills of improving reading．2. Who is the online course intended for?A. Trainers．B. Interviewers．C. Job seekers．D. College students．3. Which ofthe following best describes the online course?A Cheap． B. Practical． C. Long-standing． D. World-class．BIn life，once on a path，we tend to follow it，for better or worse.What's sad is that even if it's the latter，we often accept it anyway because we are so used to the way things are that wed don't even recognize that they could be different This is a phenomenon psychologist call functional fixedness.This classic experiment will give you an idea of howitworks and a sense of whether you may have fallen into the same trap: People are given a box of tacks (大头钉) and some matches and asked to find a way to attach a candle to a wall so that it burns properly.Typically, the subjects try tacking the candle to the wall or lighting it to fix it with melted wax. The psychologists had, of course, arranged it so that neither of these obvious approaches would work. The tacks are too short, and the paraffin (石蜡) doesn't stick to the wall. So how can you complete the task? The successful technique is to use the tack box as a candle-holder. You empty it, tack it to the wall. and stand the candle inside it. To think of that, you have to look beyond the box's usual role as a receptacle just for tacks and re-imagine it serving an entirely new purpose. That is difficult because we all suffer to one degree or another from functional fixedness.The inability to think in new ways affects people in every corner of society. The political theorist Hannah Arendt coined the phrase“frozen thoughts”to describe deeply held ideas that we no longer question but should. In Arendt's eyes, the self- content reliance on such accepted “truths”also made people blind to ideas that didn't fit their worldview, even when there was plenty of evidence for them.Frozen thinking has nothing to do with intelligence, she said,“It can be found in highly intelligent people.”4. What does the underlined word“it”in paragraph 2 refer to?A. The experiment.B. Functional fixedness.C. The path.D. The thinking.5. Which way is hard to think of to complete the task?A. Tacking the candle to the wall.B. Fixing the candle with melted wax.C. Using the tack box as a candle-holder.D. Lighting the candle tostand it.6. Which of the following statements will Hannah Arendt agree with?A. People should question.B. We should be used to the way things are.C. People shouldn't accept the idea that doesn't fit their worldview.D. The smarter people are，the more open to the new things they are.7. What's the passage mainly about?A. An interesting experimentB. A psychological phenomenon.C. A theory to be proved.D. The opinion of Hannah Arendt.CThe regular world presented to us by our five senses — you could call it reality 1.0 — is not always the most user-friendly. We get lost in unfamiliar cities; we meet people whose language we don’t understand. So why not try the improved version: augmented reality（AR）or reality 2.0 ? AR technology adds computer-produced images on the real world via a mobile phone camera or special video glasses.Early forms of AR are already here — smart phones can deliver information about nearby ATMs and restaurants and other points of interest. But that’s just the beginning. A few years from now the quantity of information available will have increased hugely. You will not only see that there’s a Chinese restaurant on the next block, but you will be able to see the menu and read reviews of it.This is where the next revolution in computing will take place: in the interface（界面）between the real world and the information brought to us via the Internet. Imagine bubbles floating before your eyes, filled with cool information about anything and everything that you see in front of you.Let’s jump ahead to ten years from now. A person trying to fix a car won’t be reading a book with pictures; he will be wearing a device that projects animated 3D computer graphics onto the equipment under repair, labelling parts and giving step-by-step guidance.The window onto the AR world can be a smart phone or special video glasses. But in ten years’ time these will have been replaced by contact lenses(隐形眼镜) with tiny LEDs, which present something at a readable distance in front of eyes. So a deaf person wearing these lenses will be able to see what people are saying.The question is, while we are all absorbed in our new augmented reality world, how willwe be communicating with each other?8. What is the text mainly about?A. The relationship between reality 1.0 and reality 2.0.B. Different forms of the AR technology.C. The next information technology revolution.D. The popularity of the AR technology.9. Which of the following will AR technology support according to the text?A. To pay for things online conveniently.B. To play online games merrily.C. To offer information efficiently.D. To communicate with others socially.10. What are Contact lenses with tiny LEDs used for?A. Show texts and images.B. Protect people’s eyes.C. Help deaf people communicate.D. Replace smart phone.11. What’s the author’s attitude towards the AR technology?A. Indifferent.B. Critical.C. Concerned.D. Favourable.DMany cars in advertisements and on exhibition in the United States are red, blue or green, but almost 75 percent of new cars sold in the United States are black, white, silver orgray.Les Jackson is a reporter who writes about cars. He says the color1 s of cars Americans choose do not show dirt. He says that means the owners wash their cars less in order to save money. And he notes some areas that are suffering from water shortages do not permit people to wash their cars often.Dan Benton works for a company called Axalta, which makes supplies for international car makers. He says white cars are often sold more expensive than cars of other color1 s. And he notes that white cars “absorb(吸收)less energy” than cars of other color1 s. This means temperatures inside them are lower in warmer areas. Benton also says research at Monash University in Australia suggests that there is a lower risk of crashes during the day for white cars compared with darker ones.Car buyers in other countries also like white. Jane Harrington works for PPG Industries, a company that makes paint for cars. She said in China, buyers say white makes a small car look bigger.About 11 percent of cars sold in North America are red and 8 percent are blue. Green has become less popular. Benton notes that in the mid-1990s green was the most popular color1 in North America. Today, green is hard to find.Sometime in the future, people may not have to choose the color1 of their cars —— technology may let owners change their cars’ paint color1 anytime.12. What can we learn from Paragraph 2?A. Most Americans don’t like red cars.B. People in America are not allowed to wash their cars.C. Many people prefer to choose white cars in America.D. Americans may consider the cost of cleaning when choosing cars.13. Why do many people choose white cars?A. They are much cheaper than cars of other color1 s..B. They are much safer while crashing.C. They are bigger than cars of other color1 s.D. They are more comfortable inside in warmer areas.14. What do we know from the text?A. Les Jackson is a member of Axalta.B. Most Americans rarely wash their cars.C. PPG Industries mainly produces cars in China.D. Green cars were once popular in North America.15. What does the text mainly tell us?A. Choices of car color1 sB. How to buy a good car.C. Differences of car color1 s.D. Popular car color1 s in history.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2019～2020学年第二学期线上检测高一年级《化学》试题卷可能用到的相对原子质量：H1 C12 N14 O16 S 32 Fe 56 Cl35.5 Cu 64Li7 Zn 65 Na23 Al27 Si28 F19 Mg 24 P31 K391．下列关于铝的叙述中，不正确的是( )A．铝是地壳里含量最多的金属元素B．在常温下，铝不能与氧气反应C．铝是一种比较活泼的金属D．在化学反应中，铝容易失去电子，是还原剂2．下列关于Al2O3的说法正确的是( )A．Al2O3 是金属氧化物，也是两性氧化物B．Al2O3 加热易分解为铝和氧气C．Al2O3 结构致密，所以可用铝制容器盛盐酸和NaOH溶液等D．已擦去表面的氧化铝的铝条，在酒精灯上灼烧时，熔化的铝会滴落下来3．下列物质中既能与盐酸反应，又能与氢氧化钠溶液反应的组合是( )①Al2O3 ②Cu(OH)2 ③Al(OH)3 ④Na2CO3 ⑤NaHCO3A．①②⑤B．②④C．①②④D．①③⑤4．下列各组反应中能得到Al(OH)3 的是( )A．Al2O3 加到热水中B．向NaAlO2溶液中加入过量盐酸C．将Na 投入NaAlO2溶液中D．向AlCl3 溶液中加入几滴NaOH溶液5．下列反应的离子方程式书写正确的是( )＋A．钠溶于NaOH溶液中：Na＋2H2O===Na+＋2OH-＋H2↑B．金属铝溶于氢氧化钠溶液中：Al＋2OH－===AlO2－＋H2↑C．金属铝溶于盐酸中：2Al＋6H＋===2Al3＋＋3H2↑D．铁溶于稀硫酸中：Fe＋2H＋===Fe3＋＋H2↑6．下列关于碳、硅的说法正确的是( )A．碳、硅的最外层均有4个电子，易得电子表现较强氧化性B．硅是构成岩石的基本元素，地壳中含量处于第二位C．硅在自然界中既有游离态又有化合态D．碳的氧化物和硅的氧化物在常温常压下均为气体7．下列关于二氧化硅的说法中正确的是( )A．二氧化硅分子由一个硅原子和两个氧原子构成B．在二氧化硅晶体中，每个硅原子周围结合4个氧原子C．二氧化硅可用来制作干燥剂，因二氧化硅可与水反应D．二氧化硅是酸性氧化物，它不溶于任何酸8．下列反应的离子方程式书写不正确的是( )A．二氧化硅与氢氟酸反应：SiO2＋4H+===Si4+＋2H2OB．碳酸钡溶于稀硝酸：BaCO3＋2H+===CO2↑＋H2O＋Ba2+C．二氧化硅与氢氧化钠溶液反应：SiO2＋2OH-===SiO3 2-＋H2OD．把盐酸滴入硅酸钠溶液中：SiO32－＋2H＋===H2SiO3(胶体)9．现有硫酸钠、石灰石、二氧化硅三种白色粉末，只用一种试剂就可以将它们鉴别开，该试剂是( )A．纯水B．盐酸C．硝酸银溶液D．碳酸钠溶液10．下列各图若为元素周期表的一部分(表中数字为原子序数)，其中正确的是（）11．下列各组中的元素用原子序数表示，其中都属于主族的一组元素是（）A．2、4、6 B．19、20、21C．1、3、5 D．8、16、1812．主族元素在周期表中的位置取决于元素原子的（ ）A ．原子量和核外电子数 B ．电子层数和最外层电子数C ．原子量和最外层电子数 D ．电子层数和次外层电子数13．下列关于周期表中第三周期元素性质从左到右变化趋势的叙述，错误的是( )A ．最高正价依次升高B ．气态氢化物稳定性逐渐增强C ．原子半径逐渐增大D ．最高价氧化物对应的水化物碱性逐渐减弱，酸性逐渐增强 14．A 、B 、C3种元素的核外电子数都比氩原子少，若A 和C 处于同一主族，A 和B 的核电荷数之差为5，B 原子的M 电子层比L 电子层少2 个电子，则A 、B 、C3种元素分别为（ ）A ．Li 、Na 、S B ．Na 、S 、Li C ．Na 、K 、Br D ．K 、Br 、NaX和Y 2元素的阳离子具有相同的电子层X 元素的阳离子半径大于Y 元素的阳离子半径，Z 和Y 两元素的原子核外电子层数相同，Z 元素的原子半径小于Y 元素的原子半径，X 、Y 、 Z3 种元素原子序数的关系是（） A ．X ＞Y ＞Z B ．Y ＞X ＞ZC ．Z ＞X ＞YD ．Z ＞Y ＞X二、填空题(共计40分其中16-18 题每空2 分，18题每空4 分）（16 分）已知单质A 、B 、C 和甲、乙、丙、丁四种化合物有如图所示的转化关系，A 为常见的金属单质，C 为密度最小的气体，甲是一种高熔点的物质，丙常温下是一种液体。

2019-2020年高一下学期第二次质量检测物理（文）试题含答案一、单项选择题：（只有一个选项正确）（每题5分,计50分）1.下列说法正确的是（）A.地球是宇宙的中心，太阳、月球及其他行星都绕地球运动B.太阳是静止不动的、地球及其他行星都绕太阳运动C.地球是绕太阳运动的一颗行星D.日心说和地心说都正确反映了天体运动的规律2.关于运动的合成与分解的说法中，正确的是（）A.合运动的位移等于分运动位移的矢量和B.合运动的时间等于分运动时间之和C.合运动的速度一定大于其中一个分运动的速度D.合运动的速度方向与合运动的位移方向相同3.关于功的概念，下述说法中正确的是（）A．物体受力越大，做功越多B．物体受力越大，移动距离越大，做功越多C．功是标量D．由于功有正负，所以功是矢量4．关于地球同步通讯卫星，下列说法正确的是（）A．它一定在赤道上空运行B．各国发射的这种卫星轨道半径不一样C．它运行的线速度一定大于第一宇宙速度D．它运行的线速度介于第一和第二宇宙速度之间5．要使两物体间的万有引力减小到原来的，下列办法中可采用的是（）A．使两物体的质量都减到原来的，距离不变B．使两物体的质量都减到原来的，距离不变C．使两物体的距离增为原来的4倍，质量不变D．使两物体的质量和距离都减为原来的6．关于匀速圆周运动的物体的线速度、角速度、周期的关系，下面说法中正确的是（）A.角速度大的周期一定小B.线速度大的角速度一定大C.线速度大的周期一定小D.角速度大的半径一定小7．下列说法不正确的是（）A. 曲线运动可能是匀变速运动B. 曲线运动的速度方向一定是时刻变化的C. 曲线运动一定是变速运动D. 曲线运动的速度的大小一定是时刻变化的8．如图所示，汽车以速度V通过一半圆形拱桥的顶点时，关于汽车受力的说法正确的是（）A. 汽车受重力、支持力、向心力B. 汽车受重力、支持力、牵引力、摩擦力、向心力C. 汽车的向心力是重力D. 汽车的重力和支持力的合力是向心力9. 关于平抛运动，下列说法中不正确的是（）A、平抛运动是匀变速运动B、做平抛运动的物体，水平分位移至只与初速度有关C、平抛运动可以分解为水平的匀速直线运动和竖直方向的自由落体运动；D、平抛运动物体在空中运动的时间只与抛出点离地面高度有关。

2019-2020学年深圳科学高中高三英语下学期期末考试试题及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ABritain's brilliant bridges have supported trade, brought communities together andare always the mostexciting part of the journey. These must-see bridges are now tourist attractions in their own right.Clifton Suspension Bridge, BristolDescribed byits legendary engineer Isambard Kingdom Brunel as “my first love, my darling", it was originally designed for horse-drawn traffic. Now, more than four million vehicles a year cross the 1,352ft-long toll（通行费）bridge over the Avon Gorge. The £ 1 toll for every journey pays for its maintenance. The history of the bridge, dating back to 1864, is kept alive through a programme of tours, events and exhibitions.Infinity Bridge, Stockton-On-TeesA pedestrian（行人）and cycle footbridge across the River Tees, its working title was the North Shore Footbridge, before it was given its grander name when opened in 2009. It is particularly incredible at night. The arches（拱形）of the bridge are also lit white and, on calm nights, their reflection in the water appears as an infinity（无穷大）symbol, thus inspiring the name which was chosen by the public.Tower Bridge, LondonAn engineering wonder built from thousands of tons of Portland stone and steel, it took construction workers eight years to complete. More than 120 years old, it's a popular tourist attraction, as well as a functional bridge. Visitors can take in the views over the capital, experience seeing London life through the Glass Floor, and visit the Victorian Engine Rooms.Iron Bridge, ShropshireOpened in 1781 , this is the first arch bridge in the world made out of cast iron. Recognised as one of the great symbols of the industrial revolution, it transformed the craft of bridge building and was a crucial factor in the development of the iron trade in Shropshire.1. Which bridge has the longest history?A. Clifton Suspension Bridge.B. Infinity Bridge.C. Tower Bridge.D. Iron Bridge.2. What can we know about Infinity Bridge?A. It was originally meant for pedestrains.B. The public give it two names.C. Ifs well worth visiting at night.D. Its arch is bigger than any other bridge's.3. What makes Clifton Suspension Bridge different from the other bridges introduced?A. It charges drivers for each passing.B. It offers walkers a good view at night.C. It was made from thousands of stones.D. It's a symbol of the industrial revolution.BYu Chenrui, 29, is a maker of automata (机关人偶) in Chengdu, Sichuan province. Automata are built to look like humans or animals and give the illusion (错觉) of being able to move on their own, “The art form amazes me, becauseit combines various skills, from storytelling to mechanics, and the pieces are built with a sense of humor,” Yu says. His creations have caught the attention of well-known artists and his fancy pieces of art have attracted collectors worldwide.Interested in handcrafts as a boy, Yu first encountered automata designed by Japanese artist Kazuaki at an exhibition in 2015 when he studied at the Communication University of China inBeijing. “It was like meeting a like-minded friend, ” Yu says, recalling the moment. As an art and design major, he began to learn the craft by himself and, with the support of his tutor, he kept studying and examining automata in school.When he graduated in 2016, Yu landed a job at an advertising agency inBeijing. He stayed on at the company for three years because, at that time, he was not sure that he could make a living out of his hobby. While working as a designer Yu kept exploring and advancing his skills in wood carving and mechanics. Eventually, despite the job’s good salary, it was not enough to make up for not following his true passion. Finally, in 2018, Yu quit his job and returned toChengduto open his automata workshop.To keep himself occupied while running his workshop, he planted blueberries, raspberries and cherries. He watered, weeded and added fertilizer (肥料) every day. “Daily routines helped me calm down and inspire my creativity, which resulted in an automaton called To Observe the Autumn,” Yu says.Over time, Yu’s reputation grew and his business flourished (兴旺). Many of Yu’s creations are built with a dash of wisdom, a sprinkle of humor and are inspired by observations of real life. Yu knows that there are many more creative ideas waiting to be expressed. “It feels quite good to be fully devoted to automata creation and I am still searching for myself.”4. What can we learn from the first paragraph?A. Yu is equipped with various skills.B. Yu is a person full of sense of humor.C. Yu is now gaining recognition worldwide.D. Yu is following the latest trend in handcraft.5. Why did Yu quit his job inBeijing?A. He couldn't make a living out of it.B. He wanted to pursue his own dream.C. He missed his family inChengdu.D. He thought he had a lot experience.6. According to Yu, what contributes to his creativity as an automata artist?A. The fruits he grows.B. Success of his business.C. His devotion to the job.D. Observation from daily life.7. Which of the following can best describe Yu’s story?A. There is no end to learning.B. Great hopes make great man.C. Actions speak louder than words.D. Experience is the mother of wisdom.CWhen I was 9, we packed up our home in Los Angeles and arrived atHeathrow, London on a gray January morning. Everyone in the family settled quickly into the city except me. Without my beloved beaches and endless blue—sky days, I felt at a loss and out of place. Until I made a discovery.Southbank, at an eastern bend in the Thames, is the center of British skateboarding, where the continuous crashing of skateboards left your head ringing .I loved it. I soon made friends with the local skaters. We spoke our own language. And my favorite: Safe. Safe meant cool. It meant hello. It meant don't worry about it. Once, when trying a certain trick on the beam（横杆）, I fell onto the stones, damaging a nerve in my hand, and Toby came over, helping me up: Safe, man. Safe. A few minutes later, when I landed the trick, my friends beat their boards loud, shouting: “Safe! Safe! Safe!” And that's what mattered—landing tricks, being a good skater.When I was 15, my family moved to Washington. I tried skateboarding there, but the locals were far less welcoming. Within a couple of years, I'd given it up.When I returned to London in 2004, I found myself wandering down to Southbank, spending hours there. I've traveled back several times since, most recently this past spring. The day was cold but clear: tourists and Londoners stopped to watch theskaters. Weaving（穿梭）among the kids who rushed by on their boards, I found my way to the beam. Then a rail—thin teenager, in a baggy white T—shirt, skidded（滑）up to the beam. He sat next to me. He seemed not to notice the man next to him. But soon I caughta few of his glances. “I was a localhere 20 years ago,” I told him. Then, slowly, he began to nod his head. “Safe, man. Safe.”“Yeah,” I said. “Safe.”8. What can we learn about the author soon after he moved to London?A. He felt disappointed.B. He gave up his hobby.C. He liked the weather there.D. He had disagreements with his family.9. What do the underlined words “Safe! Safe! Safe!” probably mean?A. Be careful!B. Well done!C. No way!D. Don't worry!10. Why did the author like to spend time in Southbank when he returned to London?A. To join the skateboarding.B. To make new friends.C. To learn more tricks.D. To relive his childhood days11. What message does the author seem to convey in the text?A. Children should learn a second language.B. Sport is necessary for children's health.C. Children need a sense of belongingD. Seeing the world is a must for children.DWhy do you check social media? Is it to keep up with everything that your friends and family are doing? Is it to find new trendy spots to eat?Regardless of the reason, you may find yourself with different degrees of envy or discomfort after a quick look at your phone. Then you might be suffering from a phenomenon known as “Fear of Missing Out (FOMO). ”While the phenomenon of FOMO can be traced back for centuries, it had never been the issue as it is today, causing widespread discussion and research. This rise in checking social media is naturally connected to the increasing leading position that social media holds over our lives. Every time someone opens their WeChat Moments, Facebook, Twitter... etc. , they are bombarded with the highlight reels of other peoples' lives. A sunny beach, delicious-looking food, a super cute kitten-they are all uplifting photos, yet they're very likely to bring about more unhappiness than joy. You see, the first thought to come out of your mind may be “Wow, that's so cool/delicious/cute”, but then it takes a hard U-turn. You're thinking: “I wish I were there” or “my life is so boring compared to his/hers.” The more you see, the more likely you are to have these negative feelings.What's worse is the habit many people have of turning to social media in search of happiness when they are feeling down, not realizing that they are just going to end up in a negative cycle of endless disappointment.Montesquieu once said: “If one only wished to be happy, this could be easily accomplished; but we wish to be happier than other people, and this is always difficult, for we believe others to be happier than they are.”FOMO will go hand in hand with dissatisfaction and envy. Appreciate what you already have, because someone else out there in the world would gladly give everything to be you.12. What is the purpose of the questions in paragraph 1?A. To introduce the topic of the passage.B. To explain the function of FOMO.C. To describe the features of FOMO.D. To give the reasons for checking social media.13. How might people feel seeing other's perfect life through social media?A. Joyful.B. Admiring.C. Comfortable.D. Envious.14. What can we conclude from Montesquieu's words in paragraph 3?A. We could turn to social media for happiness.B. We couldn't realise our dream without hard work.C. We couldn't harvest happiness through comparison.D. We could live better than others by showing ourselves online.15. What is the author's attitude towards FOMO?A. Indifferent.B. Objective.C. Doubtful.D. Hopeful.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2019-2020学年深圳科学高中高三英语下学期期末试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项APersonal Time Off(PTO)is something my wife and I created after having kids. We learned that，over time，a full life can leave little time for personal rest and for reflection，hanging out with friends，or just being“off. ”So，after a number of years，we make a change. If I can persuade you to take your own PTO，then these might help.■Schedule itFirst of all，one of our favorite family sayings is“schedule it. ”Sounds easy enough，but life gets complicated managing full-time work and full-time family. Put yourPTO time on the calendar and you make it a real thing.■Be flexible and strictIf you can schedule PTO at the same time each week，then all the better. Because our calendar can get rather full，flexibility in scheduling becomes a necessity. But being strict in actually taking the time each week is more important. Skipping it once makes it easier to skip again.■Take enough timeMy typical PTO lasts a couple of hours or longer. Sometimes it might be half the day depending on what I’m doing. The goal is to spend enough time away to1et your shoulders drop.■Do what you want to doRemember，PTO time is about personal time to do what you want to do，not what you have to do. PTO time is about relaxation. Grab a friend and get a beer. Work can wait until tomorrow.1.What can be the first step to take the PTO?A.Persuade the family.B.Have a personal rest.C.Ask friends for advice.D.Make a time plan.2.What does the underlined part“let your shoulders drop”probably mean?A.Get you more focused.B.Have you feel relaxed.C.Shake your shoulders often.D.Make you feel more stressed.3.What does the text mainly talk about?A.Tips on how to take your time offB.Skills to manage work and familyC.Advice on how to free yourselfD.Ways of scheduling your workBNextdoor，an online social network for neighbors，says it has attracted $60 million from early backers of technology giants，Google，Amazon and Facebook.The new investment，1ed by venture firm Kleiner Perkins Caufield & Byers and investment firm Tiger Global Management，values Nextdoor at more than $500 million，said a personfamiliar with the matter.Nextdoor members make Facebook-style postings，giving or seeking recommendations for services such as babysitters and yard maintenance or local retailers and restaurants. They also post about community issues such as parking，crimeand safety，or items for sale or loan.The investment sum emphasizes the appeal of businesses that can tap into the growing use of mobile devices，as well as social networking Perhaps the best current example is Twitter，which is preparing for an initial public offering that values the company at up to about $11 billion.“We’re all spending more time with our screens，more engaged，but I think data shows we’re less connected，”said John Doerr of Kleiner Perkins，mentioning his own experience of knowing few of his neighbors. Nextdoor，with its ability to introduce neighbors to each other，helps people regain the sense of connection，he said.Early next year，Nextdoor plans to expand to Canada，followed by Great Britain，Australia，and South Africa，chief executive NiravTolia said. While Nextdoor has not yet have made any profit after two years of operations，Tolia said he is not worried.“If we look at the great companies at this stage，none of them started to monetize this early in their evolution. ”Tolia said. “It’s all about getting the product right. ”Eventually，Nextdoor plans to tap into local advertising，he said.Nextdoor is currently used in 22，527 neighborhoods across the United States，up from 5，694 a year ago. Including the latest funding round，it has raised just over $100 million.4. What attitude do the early backers of technology grant hold towards Nextdoor?A. They doubt its value.B. They think poorly of it.C. They are in favor of it.D. They are worried about it.5. What is mainly discussed about Nextdoor in Paragraph 3?A. Its members.B. Its service.C. Its value.D. Its location.6. What is the author’s purpose of mentioning Twitter in Paragraph 4?A. To support his viewpoint.B. To post an advertisement.C. To introduce a network.D. To makea public offer.7. How does Nirav Tolia feel about the future of Nextdoor?A. Curious.B. Upset.C. Cautious.D. Optimistic.CA smiling panda and a walking Chinese lantern will be the mascots of the 2022 Winter Olympics and Paralympics (残奥会）in Beijing .The mascots were known to the public on Sept.17, 2019 at a ceremony inBeijing. Beijing Mayor Chen Jining described them as adorable, unique , and exquisite (精致的）。

2019～2020学年第二学期线上检测高一年级《生物》试题卷一、选择题（每题2 分，共30 个题）1.除病毒外，一切生物生长、发育、繁殖的基础是A．无丝分裂B．有丝分裂C．减数分裂D．细胞分裂2.下图是某同学实验时拍摄的洋葱根尖分生区细胞分裂图，①〜⑤表示不同的细胞分裂时期。

下列叙述正确的是A．①时期整个细胞的DNA 与染色体数量之比等于1B．②时期染色体的着丝点都排列在细胞中央的细胞板上C．细胞周期中各时期的顺序是⑤→④→②→①→③D．④时期细胞内两组中心粒发出纺锤丝构成纺锤体3.图中表示生物体内的有关体细胞的一些生命现象。

下列说法中错误的是( ) A．图中①过程表示细B ．图中⑤过程表示细胞生长C．图中②过程发生的根本原因是基因的选择性表达D．图中③④⑤过程表示一个完整的细胞周期4.动物细胞与高等植物细胞有丝分裂过程的差异可以体现在( ) A．动物细胞由细胞两极发出纺锤丝B．动物细胞分裂末期，细胞膜在赤道板处向内凹陷C．高等植物细胞由中心体发出星状射线形成纺锤体D．高等植物细胞分裂末期，由赤道板直接形成新的细胞壁5. 细胞的分化、衰老和凋亡是普遍存在的生命现象。

下列有关叙述正确的是( )A．人体的衰老等同于细胞的衰老B．人的早期胚胎有尾，尾部细胞随着发育逐渐凋亡C．细胞癌变是细胞高度分化的结果D．皮肤上的“老年斑”是细胞凋亡的产物6. 如图1、图2 表示同一人体内的两种细胞，这两种细胞( )A．组成元素种类相差很大B．C 含量一定相等C．蛋白质的种类和含量相同D．组成染色体的成分均是DNA 和蛋白质7. a 和b 属于同一动物体内的两个细胞，通过对其核内DNA 分子含量的测定，发现a 细胞中DNA 含量是b 细胞的两倍，最可能的解释是（）A. a 是正常体细胞，b 是处于减数第一次分裂结束时的细胞B. a 是处于有丝分裂后期的细胞，b 是处于有丝分裂前期的细胞C. a 是处于有丝分裂前期的细胞，b 是处于减数第一次分裂后期的细胞D. a 处于有丝分裂中心体倍增时，b 处于次级性母细胞中染色体移向两极时8.下列是关于细胞有丝分裂过程中细胞内变化的叙述，能正确表示一个细胞周期内分裂过程的顺序是( )①染色体数目倍增②出现放射状排列的细丝③形成姐妹染色单体④着丝点排列在一个平面上A．②→③→①→④B．②→④→③→①C．③→②→④→①D．②→③→④→①.9. 下图表示细胞有丝分裂过程中，核内DNA 含量变化的是10. 下列关于同源染色体与四分体的叙述正确的是( )A．两条染色体复制后形成一个四分体B．一对同源染色体就是一个四分体C．同源染色体联会后形成四分体D．X 染色体和Y 染色体不是同源染色体11. 下列关于精子和卵细胞形成过程的叙述，不正确的是( )A．相同数量的精原细胞和卵原细胞经减数分裂所产生的生殖细胞数量之比为4∶1B．精子和卵细胞形成过程中都出现染色体复制、同源染色体联会和分离现象C．精子形成过程中染色体的行为变化和核DNA 的数量变化与卵细胞完全相同D．精子和卵细胞的形成均需要经过变形12. 下列关于受精卵中的物质或结构的叙述，正确的是( )A．受精卵中的线粒体一半来自精子，一半来自卵细胞B．受精卵中的DNA 分子一半来自精子，一半来自卵细胞C．受精卵中的染色体一半来自精子，一半来自卵细胞D．受精卵中的RNA 分子一半来自精子，一半来自卵细胞13．如图是部分同学在“建立减数分裂中染色体变化的模型”实验中制作的细胞分裂的模型，其中错误的是( )14. 如图所示为某动物卵原细胞中染色体的组成情况，该卵原细胞经减数分裂产生3 个极体和1 个卵细胞，其中一个极体的染色体组成是1、3，则卵细胞中染色体组成是( )A．2、4 B．1、3C．1、3 或2、4 D．1、4 或2、315. 如图①～⑥为细胞分裂模式图。

2020年深圳科学高中高三英语二模试题及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ASome of the world’s most talented musicians have played concerts atLincolnCenter. On September 10, the center hosted a unique class of star musicians: kids and teens. The young players are part of the World Peace Orchestra, or WPO. The group held its first Music for Peace concert inNew York City, with 134 students from more than 60 countries taking part. Musicians were chosen from all over the world.The World Peace Orchestra began in 2013. The nonprofit group brings kids together using the common language of music. To be considered for the orchestra, students first had to be recommended by their teachers and then audition online for a group of judges. Once chosen, professional musicians and teachers then worked with the players to improve their skills.Some of the young musicians played classical instruments, such as violins and flutes. Others played instruments unique to their home country. For example, Amold Mugo, 16, fromKenya, played an instrument called the djembe. The drum is originally fromWest Africa. Mugo said he was shocked when he learned he was chosen for the orchestra. “I can’t express how I felt. I was rolling on the floor. It’s a once in a lifetime opportunity,” he said.Adomas Hendrixson, 13, fromLithuania, played piano for the WPO. Before theNew York Cityperformance, Hendrixson talked about what he hoped to take away from the event. “Fun and joy-- people smiling and clapping,” he said.“This is one of the only times in your life this could happen and I'm very excited.”Mugo says his favorite part of the WPO is making new friends from around the world. “I hope when I go home, I just take a little bit of every friend that I made here-- Brazil, Portugal, Queens,” Mugo said, “I hope that I take part of their culture home with me so I understand them more.”1. Who is most likely to have played for the WPO according to this passage?A. Li Ming, 16, a student fromChina.B. Daniel, 44, a judge fromAmerica.C. Edward, 21, a clerk fromAustralia.D. Catherine, 32, a teacher fromEngland.2. We can learn from the last paragraph that Mugo ________.A.performed best for the WPO.B. has learned some foreign culture.C. was eager to be chosen for a second time.D. received a great award for his performance.3. What would be the best title for this passage?A. Kids were good at playing music.B. Mugo liked making foreign friends.C. Concerts were played atLincolncentre.D. Young musicians played for peace.BSummer heat can be dangerous, and heat leads to tragedy far toooften. According to kidsandcars, org, an average of 37 young children per year die of car heat in the US, when they are accidentally left in a hot vehicle.For Bishop Curry, a fifth grader from Mckinney, Texas, one such incident hit close to home. A six-month-old baby from his neighborhood died after hours in a hot car. After hearing about her death, Curry decided that something needed to be done. Young Curry, who turned 11 this year, has always had a knack for inventing things, and he drew up a sketch (草图) of a device he called “Oasis.”The device would attach to carseats and watch the temperature inside the car. If it reached a certain temperature in the car, and the device sensed a child in the carseat, it would begin to circulate cool air. Curry alsodesigns the device using GPS and Wi-Fi technology, which would alarm the child’s parents and, if there was no response from them, the police.Curry’s father believes that the invention has potential. “The cool thing about Bishop’s thinking is none of this technology is new,” he said. “We feel like the way he’s thinking and combining all these technologies will get to production faster.” His father even introduced the device to Toyota, where he works as an engineer. The company was so impressed that they sent Curry and his father to a car safety conference in Michigan.In January, Curry’s father launched a campaign for the invention. They hope to raise money to finalize the patent, build models, and find a manufacturer. Their goal was $20,000, but so many people believed in Oasis’ potential that they have raised more than twice that — over $46,000.Curry’s father remembers the first time he saw his son’s sketch. “I was so proud of him for thinking of a solution,” he said. “We always just complain about things and rarely offer solutions.”4. What inspired Curry to invent Oasis?A. His narrow escape from death after being locked in a car.B. His knowledge of many children’s death because of car heat.C. The death of his neighbor’s baby after being left in a hot car.D. The injury of 37 children in his school in a car accident.5. What would Oasis do if it was hot in a car with a child?A. It would inform the parents or even the police.B. It would pump out the hot air in the car.C. It would sound the alarm attached to the car.D. It would get the window open to save the child.6. What does Curry’s father think is cool about Curry’s invention?A. It used some of the most advanced technology.B. It simply combined technologies that existed.C. It could accelerate production of new technology.D. It is the most advanced among similar products.7. Why did Curry’s father start a campaign to raise money?A. To conduct experiments to test the invention.B. To get other children devoted to inventions.C. To support a charity of medical aid for children.D. To get the patent and bring it to production.CWho is a genius? This question has greatly interested humankind for centuries.Let's state clearly: Einstein was a genius. His face is almost the international symbol for genius. But we want to go beyond one man and explore the nature of genius itself. Why is it that some people are so much more intelligent or creative than the rest of us? And who are they?In the sciences and arts, those praised as geniuses were most often white men, of European origin. Perhaps this is not a surprise. It's said that history is written by the victors, and those victors set the standards for admission to the genius club. When contributions were made by geniuses outside the club—women, or people of a different color1 or belief—they were unacknowledged and rejected by others.A study recently published bySciencefound that as young as age six, girls are less likely than boys to say that members of their gender(性别)are “really, really smart.” Even worse, the study found thatgirls act on that belief: Around age six they start to avoid activities said to be for children who are “really, really smart.” Can our planetafford to have any great thinkers become discouraged and give up? It doesn't take a genius to know the answer: ly not.Here's the good news. In a wired world with constant global communication, we're all positioned to see flashes of genius wherever they appear. And the more we look, the more we will see that social factors(因素)like gender, race, and class do not determine the appearance of genius. As a writer says, future geniuses come from those with “intelligence, creativity, perseverance(毅力), and simple good fortune, who are able to change the world.”8. What does the author think of victors' standards for joining the genius club?A. They're unfair.B. They're conservative.C. They're objective.D. They're strict.9. What can we infer about girls from the study inScience?A. They think themselves smart.B. They look up to great thinkers.C. They see gender differences earlier than boys.D. They are likely to be influenced by social beliefs10. Why are more geniuses known to the public?A. Improved global communication.B. Less discrimination against women.C. Acceptance of victors' concepts.D. Changes in people's social positions.11. What is the best title for the text?A. Geniuses Think AlikeB. Genius Takes Many FormsC. Genius and IntelligenceD. Genius and LuckDAs a 51-year-old first-aid responder since 1984, Jeffrey never knows what type of situation he might walk into, or who he'll meet along the wayTen years into the job, Jeffrey received a call that reported that a man in his early 30s had fallen down in the Mall of America. When Jeffrey and his partner arrived at the scene, they found the young male face down on the ground. He had gone unconscious, making weak attempts to breathe. His wife stood beside him holding their small son in horror. They quickly rushed to calm the man to keep him under control and offer necessary first aid.After Jeffrey dropped the patient off at the neighboring hospital, he thought about the man and his family for a long time.Jeffrey thought he had experienced everything under the sun until one random visit to Office Max three years ago, where he met a man repeatedly walking back and forth while staring at him. As it turned out, the man was the patient he had saved 20 years earlier."You gave me 20 years more than I ever thought I'd have," the man said. He thanked Jeffrey repeatedly and told him he had someone he wanted him to meet. He stepped around the corner and reappeared with a 20-something-year-old man. Jeffrey instantly knew that it was the son he had seen standing by his mother all those years ago"That day changed my life," Jeffrey said. "Before that, everything was about work…When I talk to my beginner-training class, I tell them you never know the effect you can have on someone's life."12. What did Jeffrey do with the young man?A. He cured the man at the scene.B. He took care of the man's wife and son.C. He only sent the man to hospital.D. He did what was needed13. What did Jeffrey think of the encounter with the man at Office Max?A. It was a common routine.B. It was troublesomeC. It was unbelievableD. It was a dangerous situation.14. Why was the man thankful to Jeffrey?A. Jeffrey helped bring up his little sonB. Jeffrey donated to support his family.C. Jeffrey's help gave him the present happy life.D. Jeffrey's kindness taught his son to be a new doctor.15. How did the meeting change Jeffrey's life?A. He was rewarded with much moneyB. He changed his attitude to his job.C. He got a promotion to be a team leader.D. He took up teaching work to train newcomers.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2019-2020学年深圳科学高中高三英语二模试卷及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AWashington D.C. SightseeingWith the information below, you’re not missing anything in D.C.! Click Here to find the perfect hotel for your stay as well.The Old Town Trolley TourIt offers something for the whole family. Not only will it give them something fun to do, but it will give them a history lesson. This tour will last about three hours and it’s proper for people of all ages.African American History TourBe sure to take this tour because African Americans have had an important role in the making of our country. Take this historical four-hour tour, where you will visit some important sites including Museum of African American History and Culture.Comedy Walks Washington D.C.This is a great experience allowing you to enjoy the capital in a new way. The walking tour lasts for about one hour and thirty minutes, which takes place in less than a mile journey from the starting place.D.C. Twilight TourCheck out the D.C. Twilight Tour for a unique view of some of the most famous sites! What makes this two-hour guided tour truly unique is that you can view many wonderful sites at night time!1.Which tour is recommended to a tourist who is fond of hiking?A.The Old Town Trolley TourB.African American History Touredy Walks WashingtonD.C. D.D.C. Twilight Tour2.Which tour lasts longest?A.The Old Town Trolley TourB.African American History Touredy Walks WashingtonD.C. D.D.C. Twilight Tour3.Where will you read this text most likely?A.In a guidebook.B.In a magazine.C.In a newspaper.D.On the Internet.BIt was the first day of spring here but it didn't feel like it. The COVID-19 epidemic (流行病) was sweeping the globe and everywhere there were feelings of fear and loneliness. “Social Distancing” had become the new norm. Here the schools had been closed, the restaurant dining rooms had been shut, and people had been told to work from home whenever they could. Even the sheltered workshop where my oldest son worked had been closed until further notice. People had made a run on the stores and large areas of the shelves were bare. On the news the numbers of the sick and dead continued to rise. It felt like there was a weight on the souls of everyone in the world.My family were staying at home as much as possible and as I looked out of my window I wondered how long this crisis would last. It was then, however, that I saw something that lifted that weight off of my soul, made me smile, and made my heart feel happy again. On the street below my house there was an old friend of mine from high school who was a teacher there. With him was my younger son's former aide from the high school as well. They were delivering the school lunches door to door to the hungry children who were stuck at home. Watching them made me think of something everyone's childhood television neighbor, Mr. Roger's once said: "In the bad times, always look for the helpers."I have no doubt that this crisis will pass as all the crisis before. But it is our choice on whether it brings out the best in us or the worst in us. Let it bring out the best in you. Use it to strengthen your faith. Use it to free yourself from fear. Use it to grow kinder, more giving, and more loving. Become a helper to all those in need and you will be a happy person today and all the days to come.4. Why didn't the author like the first day of spring?A. He had to work at home instead of at office.B. There wasn't social distance between each other.C. There was an epidemic everywhere in the world.D. His own company had been closed for a long time.5. How did people feel in the face of the epidemic?A. Disappointed.B. TenseC. Confident.D. Cheerful.6. What made the author happy?A. Seeing someone delivering lunches from door to door.B. Talking with his old friend in the street.C. Watching a childhood television at home.D. Staying together with his family.7. What do Mr. Roger's words actually mean?A. It's not necessary for us to find helpers in bad times.B. In good times we needn't do much to help others.C. We should ask more people to help us in bad times.D. We are supposed to help each other in bad times.CIn recent years, with the development of technology, it is common to see robots into our homes in the form of toys and vacuums (吸尘器) without question. Children’s toys that rely on robotics for both entertainment and education are becoming more popular and more easily accessible. Robot vacuums, too, are so popular that the Roomba has even earned itself a name in popular television.A selection of other household wares can be purchased and owned for a reasonable cost, but they all look and perform like vacuums. Our domestic helpers are currently designed to vacuuming, mopping, sweeping and mowing.Of course the best known of these is the Roomba, but there is actually some competition amongst the autonomous vacuum manufacturers. Roomba, made by iRobot, now comes in several designs and has been through many versions of improvements. The basic model is just about $400, but there’s a more attractive version, complete with a wireless command center to control the robot from anywhere in the home. Samsung also has a vacuum, called the Smart Tango, which makes increased improvements on the Roomba by including brushes for cleaning corners. It’s possible that some of the less well-known vacuums might be even more exciting, like the Neato Robotics XV that takes on a square shape to better clean corners. Incremental (增值的) improvements are what drive the home robot industry.Now that domestic robots are becoming more popular, the near future should be exciting. If we are going to welcome robots into our lives and our homes, we should expect them to work for it, and work hard. It’s the dawn of the robot revolution, whether we like it or not, and it would be great to see that technology put to use in more innovative(创新的) ways.8. What does Roomba in the passage mean?A. A man’s name who has bought a domestic robot.B. A name of a big company who makes robots.C. A type of vacuum whose name is Roomba.D. A place where people can buy proper robots.9. The Smart Tango is different from other types in that ________.A. it has a wireless command centerB. it has brushes for cleaning cornersC. it is more famous and excitingD. it is driven without electricity10. What can we infer according to the last paragraph?A. Domestic robots will free us from housework.B. Domestic robots will become cheaper and cheaper.C. Domestic robots have brought environmental revolution.D. Domestic robots takes the lead in science and technology.11. What does the author intend to tell in the passage?A. Domestic robots are closely related to our daily life.B. It is interesting to see domestic robots at home.C. Domestic robots are too expensive for most people.D. It is convenient to buy a domestic robot.DMost people around the world are right-handed. This also seems to be true in history. In 1799, scientists studied works of art made at different times from 1,500 B.C. to the 1950s. Most of the people shown in these works are right-handed, so the scientists guessed that right-handedness has always been common through history. Today, only about 10% to 15% of the world’s population is left-handed.Why are there more right-handed people than left-handed ones? Scientists now know that a person’s two hands each have their own jobs. For most people, the left hand is used to find things or hold things. The right hand is used to work with things. This is because of the different work of the two sides of the brain. The right side of the brain, which makes a person’s hands and eyes work together, controls the left hand. The left-side of the brain, which controls the right hand, is the centre for thinking and doing problems. These findings show that more artists should be left-handed, and studies have found that left-handedness is twice as common among artists as among people in other jobs.No one really knows what makes a person become right-handed instead of left-handed. Scientists have found that almost 40% of the people become left-handed because their main brain is damaged when they are born. However, this doesn’t happen to everyone, so scientists guess there must be another reason why people become left-handed. One idea is that people usually get right-handed from their parents. If a person does not receive the gene(基因) for right-handedness, he / she may become either right-handed or left-handed according to thechance and the people they work or live with.Though right-handedness is more common than left-handedness, people no longer think left-handed people are strange or unusual. A long time ago, left-handed children were made to use their right hands like other children, but today they don’t have to.12. After studying works of art made at different times in history, the scientists found _______.A. the art began from 1,500B.C.B. the works of art ended in the 1950sC. most people shown in the works of art are right-handedD. most people shown in the works of art are left-handed13. What is the left hand for most people used to do?A. It’s used to find or hold things.B. It’s used to work with things.C. It’s used to make a person’s eyes work together.D. It’s the centre for thinking and doing problems.14. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?A. No one really knows what makes a person become right-handed.B. Left-handedness is cleverer than right-handedness.C. Today children are not made to use their right hands only.D. Scientists think there must be some reason why people become left-handed.15. The best title for this passage is _______.A. Scientists’ New InventionsB. Left-handed PeopleC. Which HandD. Different Brains, Different Hands第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2019-2020学年深圳科学高中高三英语下学期期末试题及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AIn September, something terrible happened on the west coast ofTasmania,Australia. As many as 380 pilot whales became stranded(搁浅) in shallow water there and later died. This might have beenAustralia’s largest stranding event on record, the BBC reported.But this large amount of whale stranding is not uncommon. For centuries, it has happened all over the world and has puzzled scientists. Scientists say the cause is often unknown. But they have offered many different explanations.Some say the whales chase small fish for food and end up in shallow water because they are not paying attention to where they are going.Others think the stranding has something to do with Earth’s geomagnetic field (地磁场). They say that a geomagnetic compass in whales’ brains controls their position. Unusual changes in Earth’s magnetic field can affect the whales’ compasses and send them in the wrong direction.Another explanation suggests that stranding is caused by the close relationships that whales have. Pilot whales travel in large groups. One lead whale might mistakenly lead the whole group to shallow water. “And if one gets into trouble, the others will not leave,” said Sheryl Gibney, a leading biologist fromNew Zealand. “Some will come in and try to help, they get trapped on the beach, then more will come.”The whales are trapped by mistake or out of sympathy(同情). Once they get stranded, they will likely die. According to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of theUS, less than 10 percent of all stranded whales survive.1. What do we know about the stranding inAustralia?A. It happened on theeast coast ofAustralia.B. It caused the death of over 300 pilot whales.C. It is commonly seen in September each year.D. It was the largest stranding event in the world.2. According to Gibney, the pilot whales are the animals that________.A. are kind to each otherB. are easy to lose directionC. are too huge to float in the seaD.are silly to follow the leading whale3. What is the story mainly about?A. How human activity has affected whales.B. What might cause whale strandings.C. How whales find their direction while traveling.D. What scientists are doing to save stranded whales.BMost children who have suffered from ADHD still have it as teens. During teen years, especially as the hormonal changes of teenagers are going on and the demands of school and extra-curricular activities are increasing, ADHD may get worse.Because of problems with getting unfocused and poor concentration, many teens with ADHD have problems in school. Grades may fall, especially if the teen is not getting ADHD treatment. It’s not uncommon for teens with ADHD to forget their homework, lose textbooks, and become bored with their daily class work. Teens may become inattentive or extremely attentive, not waiting for their turn before blurting out answers. They may cut in on their teacher and classmates. Teens with ADHD may also befidgetyand find it hard to sit still in class.Often, teens with ADHD are so busy focusing on other things that they forget about the task at hand. This can be seen especially with homework and athletic skills and in relationships with their schoolmates. This lack of attention to what they’re doing often leads to bad grades on tests and being passed over for sports teams, after-school activities, and learning teams. Kids with ADHD can be targets for bullying, too. But, not all children with ADHD have trouble getting along with others. If your child does, you can take measures to help improve their social skills and relationships.ADHD affects all parts of a teenager’s life. As a parent you should discover your teen’s troubles as early as possible. The earlier your child’s troubles are discovered, the more successful the following steps can be.4. What does the author plan to do in paragraph 1?A. To list the types of ADHD.B. To introduce the main topic.C. To show the author’s opinion.D. To explain the causes of ADHD.5. What does the underlined word “fidgety” probably mean in paragraph 2?A. Clever.B. Noisy.C. Restless.D. Lazy.6. What is the text mainly about?A. Ways to deal with ADHD.B. Effects of ADHD on teens.C. Teens’ school performances.D. Demands of school work.7. What may the following paragraph talk about?A. How parents can help a teen with ADHD.B. The importance of healthy peer relationships.C. How many children are suffering from ADHD. D. Different opinions about treating ADHD in teens.CPreventing heart disease is a topic I think about all the time, given my family history of heart disease. So last summer, I travelled toBolivia.The natives, called the Tsimane, were reported to have the healthiest hearts in the world. I wanted to learn what they could teach me about preventing heart disease.Getting to the Tsimane wasn't easy. They lived in small family groups of about 60 people along river banks. We finally found one of the villages at sunset. That night, we set up our tents in the middle of the village. Thatched huts surrounded us, with no electricity or modem conveniences.At first, I thought they mainly got their calorics from meat. However, I found food such as rice and com made up nearly 70% of their diet. The food was not processed, lacking added sugars or salts.During my stay there, I went hunting and fishing with the men and played soccer with the kids. I found the Tsimane were standing or walking nearly all of their waking hours. Men spent lots of time tracking animals. Fanning and gathering, mostly done by children and women, were all-day affairs.I also got a clear idea of how they rested. As soon as the sun went down, people returned to their huts and went to sleep. And with the call of the cock in the morning, another day began.The lifespan of the Tsimane is actually much shorter than those living in theUS. Various factors, like animal attacks and infections, bring down the lifespan. But up until the day they die, they are often very healthy. While heart disease kills thousands of Americans every year and costs nearly a billion dollars a day, the Tsimane remind us that wealth doesn't necessarily buy health.8. Why does the author pay so much attention to preventing heart disease?A. He dreams of becoming a doctor.B. He wants to teach others about the topic.C. His family members encourage him to do so.D. He was born with a high risk of heart disease.9. Which factors did the author mainly focus on in his research?A. Housing, food and cooperation.B. Diet, activity and rest.C. Physical work, social life and lifespan.D. Group size, family history and consumption10. What was the Tsimane 's sleep-wake cycle mainly based on?A. Natural sound.B. Routine activity.C. Animal behaviour.D. Natural light.11. What might the author advise us to do after his travels inBolivia?A. Take in less sugar and salt.B. Stand less and walk more.C. Eat white meat instead of red meat.D. Live in the middle of the community.DI was in the second year of my Ph. D. program when a colleague asked what I would do if I had an extra hour every day. Without much consideration, I said I would use it to help others. The question kept coming to my mind. Like many graduate students, I was overwhelmed (难以承受的) with research, teaching, coursework, and some attempt at a personal life. Still, I asked myself, "Do I really need a 25th hour to help other people-or do I need to make better use of the 24 hours I have?"I needed something to help me return to my old self. After that conversation with my colleague, I googled (谷歌搜索) “volunteer opportunities near me”. A local organization that drives people to stores or appointments was looking for volunteers. Having grown up in a rural village where everyone knew oneanother and my grandparents were always close by, I thought serving senior citizens in my new hometown might be just what I needed.A short time later, I started to volunteer for an organization that provides transportation for senior citizens and people with disabilities. To my surprise, adding this activity to my busy life was just what I needed to calm the confusion I was feeling as a first-generation international graduate student.I started to volunteer about 3 hours every weekend, the time I otherwise would have wasted oversleeping or scrolling (滚屏) through social media. Sharing stories with my riders was much more rewarding. What they told me about their lives helped me realize that in every corner of the world, humans are connected with the languageof emotions. And seeing how eager my riders were to spend time out and about inspired me to think about how to spend my time, which used to slip away. My previously overwhelming schedule began to feel manageable.I'm proud of who I have become, and I continue to reflect on how I'm using the most valuable thing in life: my time.12. Why did the author ask himself the question in Paragraph 1?A. He wanted to return to normal life.B. He was busy but wanted to help others.C. He couldn't bear too much school work.D. He couldn't answer his colleague's question.13. How did the author find the volunteer job?A. A colleague recommended it.B. A local organization offered it.C. He got it from his grandparents.D. He got it by surfing on the Internet.14. What made the author feel his volunteer job was worth doing?A. Communicating with his riders.B. Improving his language learning.C. Meeting his grandparents often.D. Realizing his previous dream.15. How did volunteering influence the author?A. It helped himbecome confident and efficient.B. He found a good way to live a free and quiet life.C. He realized he had wasted too much time pursuing his Ph.D.D. It inspired him to spare more time to accompany his grandparents.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2019-2020学年深圳科学高中高三英语下学期期末考试试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AAshish, the 48-year-old surgeon encourages others to do the same through Bloodline, a nonprofit association he founded in 2017. Besides this, he donates blood regularly.According to Ashish, who has been a doctor at a United Family Healthcare hospital in Shanghai since 2007, Bloodline is aimed at creating a blood bank that can help the community as well as individuals with rare blood types who face an urgent need for blood.“My father, a doctor who specialized in treating chest infections, only charged those who could afford the medical treatment. For those who couldn’t pay, he never mentioned money and instead gave them the drugs for free.” he says.During his growing up years, Ashish was also exposed to social services, helping collect food and money for a local children’s hospital.Ashish first donated blood when he was 18. After arriving in China in 2003, Ashish learned mandarin at Fudan University in Shanghai before becoming a graduate student in general surgery at Shanghai Huashan Hospital. Here, he continued participating in blood donation drives as his way of giving back to society. In 2011, he became a volunteer at the Shanghai Blood Center where he helped raise public awareness about blood donations.The idea of setting up an online community for this cause came in 2013 as he believed that there should be a group of expats who get together voluntarily to work with patients and organize regular gatherings to raise public awareness. In 2017, this community was officially registered as Bloodline.“Our organization currently has a presence in 14 cities, including Beijing, Dalian, and Guangzhou. It’s often a small group of people in each city but they can help a great deal.” says Ashish, who holds the roles of ambassador and director of the foreign volunteers group at the Shanghai Blood Center.Ashish has also emphasize the importance of raising awareness of their causes in children, noting that people from the younger generations are more receptive to the idea of donating blood. Bloodline is currently planning to launch a junior club within the organization where youth will get to tour blood donation centers, witness how the blood is dealt, who the end users are, and the difference that they can make to the lives of those in need of blood.“We come from different countries and have different skin color1 s, but the blood streaming through our bodies is the same. When there is a need to roll up sleeves and save lives, we will step forward bravely.” he says.1. The goal of Bloodline is to ________.A. set up a blood bank that can help the communityB. raise money for the charityC. assist children in local hospitalsD. help poor people reduce their financial burden2. What can we infer about Ashish through the whole passage? He ________.A. benefited from blood donation himselfB. got his medical degree in FuDan UniversityC. got the idea of founding Bloodline from his fatherD. helped collect food and money for a local children’s hospital3. What message does the passage convey to us?A. Giving is receivingB. Hard work leads to success.C. One needs to return the favor.D. Love is without boundaries.BIt is a question people have been asking for ages. Is there a way to turn back the aging process?For centuries, people have been looking for a “fountain of youth”. The idea is that if you find a magical fountain, and drink from its waters, you will not age.Researchers in New York did not find an actual fountain of youth, but they may have found a way to turn back the aging process. It appears the answer may be hidden right between your eyes, in an area called the hypothalamus (下丘脑). The hypothalamus is part of your brain. It controls important activities within the body.Researchers at New York’s Albert Einstein College of Medicine found that hypothalamus neural (神经的) stem cells also influence how fast aging takes place in the body.What are stem cells(干细胞)? They are simple cells that can develop into specialized cells, like blood or skin cells. Stem cells can also repair damaged tissues and organs.Dongsheng Cai is a professor at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine. He was the lead researcher in a study on aging in mice. He and his team reported their findings in the journal Nature, Cai explained when hypothalamus function is in decline, particularly the loss of hypothalamus stem cells, and this protection against the aging development is lost. it eventually leads to aging.Using this information, the researchers began trying to activate, or energize, the hypothalamus laboratory mice. They did this by injecting the animals with stem cells, Later, the researchers examined tissues and tested for changes in behavior. They looked for changes in the strength and coordination (协调) of the animals muscles. They also studied the social behavior and cognitive ability of the mice. The researchers say the results show that the treatment slowed aging in the animals, Cai says injecting middle-aged mice with stem cells from younger mice helped the older animals live longer.But these results were just from studying mice in a laboratory. If the mice can live longer, does that mean people could have longer lives? The next step is to see if the anti-aging effects also work in.4. In Paragraph 2 a “fountain of youth” is mentioned to ________.A. introduce the main topicB. show a hidden secret.C. describe scientists researchD. recommend a way to stay young5. Aging takes place in the body when _______.A. stem cells develop into specialized cellsB. there are important activities within the bodyC. hypothalamus neural stem cells fail to protect against agingD. the hypothalamus fails to repair damaged tissues and organs6. What do we know about the researchers at Albert Einstein College of Medicine from the text?A. They did experiments to see how stem cells work.B. They studied mice to find their connection with humans.C. They have found a possible way to slow the aging progress.D. They have found no changes in mice s behavior during the experiment7. What will the researchers probably do next?A. They will help some animals live longer.B. They will announce the fountain of youth doesn’t existC. They will develop products to help people live a longer life immediatelyD. They will do research to see if what they have found in mice will apply to humans.CContrary to the long-held belief that plants in the natural world are always in competition, new research hasfound that in severe environments adult plants help smaller ones and grow well as a result.The research, led by Dr Rocio, studied adult and seedling (幼苗)plants in the ecological desert in the south-east of Spain. Dr Rocio said, “If you're a seedling in a poor land — the top of a mountain or a sand hill, for example-and you’re lucky enough to end up underneath a big plant, your chances of survival are certainly better than if you landed somewhere on your own. What we have found, which was surprising, is an established large plant, called a ‘nurse’, protects a seedling; it also produces more flowers than the same plants of similar large size growing on their own.”Other benefits of nurse-seedling partnerships include that more variety of plants growing together can have a positive effect on the environment. For example, vegetation areas with nurse plants with more flowers might be able to attract higher numbers of pollinators(传粉者)in an area, in turn supporting insect and soil life and even provide a greater range of different fruit types for birds and other animals.“The biggest winner for this system of nursing a plant is biodiversity(生物多样性),” Dr Rocio said. “The more biodiversean area, the greater number of species of plants, insect life, mammals and birds, and the better the chances of long-term healthy functioning of the environment and ecosystems. ” This system is win-win for adult and seedling plants in unfavorable environments.The research is of value to those who manage and protect plants in tough environments. Most home gardeners and farmers plan to ensure their soil and conditions are the best they can be for plant growth, but the findings might be of value to those who garden in bare places.8. What is a common understanding of plants?A. They can help each other.B. They can survive ill conditions.C. They compete with each other.D. They grow well on their own.9. What will happen to seedling plants if they grow under adult plants?A. They will produce more flowers.B. They will die owing to competition.C. They will make adult plants larger.D. They will get support from adult plants.10. What is the effect of the nurse-seedling partnership?A. It leads to unfavorable environments.B. It produces long-term healthy chances.C. It attracts higher and larger pollinators.D It provides a more variety of plant types.11. Who will benefit from the new research?A. People studying organic farming.B. People protecting plants on sand hills.C. People wanting to change biodiversity.D. People keeping more animals on the farm.DWhen I was a boy, there was but one permanent ambition among my comrades in our village on the west bank of Mississippi River. That was, to be a steamboat man. We had temporary ambitions of other sorts, but they were only temporary.My father was a justice of the peace, and I supposed he possessed the power of life and death over all men and could hang anybody that offended him. This was distinction enough for me as a general thing；butthe desire to be a steamboat man kept intruding, nevertheless. One of our boys in town, who went away and was not heard of for-a long time, turned up as apprentice engineer on a steamboat. This thing shook the bottom out of all my Sunday—school teachings. That boy was notoriously worldly, and I was just the opposite. There was nothing generous about this fellow in his greatness. He would always manage to have a rusty nail to scrub while his boat stopped at our town, and he would sit on the inside guard and scrub it, where we could all see him. And wherever his boat was laid up he would come home and show off in the town in his blackest and greasiest clothes, so that nobody could help remembering that he was a steamboat man; and he used all sorts of steamboat technical terms in his talk, as if he were so used to them that he forgot common people could not understand them.This creature's career could produce but one result, and it was speedily followed. Boy after boy managed to get on the river. Despite many choices, pilot was the grandest position of all. The pilot, even in those days of trivial wages, had a princely salary—from 150—250 dollars a month, and no board payment.But our parents would not let us and our worry was the next year would find us hunting for jobs with low pay again. So by and by I ran away. I said I never would come home again till I was a pilot and could come in glory.12. Why does the writer mention his father's job in Paragraph 2?A. To show that his father was in power.B. To show that his father is cruel.C. To emphasize the job he prefers.D. To emphasize his love for his father.13. Which of the following can best conclude the writer's attitude toward the boy?A. He thought the boy was material but pitiful.B. He thought the boy was annoying but still envied him.C. He thought the boy was shallow but knowledgeable.D. He thought the boy was disrespectful but still liked him.14. Which of the following statements is Not True?A. The boy talked in a way to make others feel jealous.B. The boy's experience made other boys follow suit.C. The pilot's salary was ly high but without meals covered.D. The writer was ambitious to make his childhood dream come true.15. What rhetorical method does the underlined sentence have?A. Simile.B. Personification.C. Parallelism.D. Irony.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2019-2020学年第二学期高一网课质量检测试卷高一化学考试范围：必修二前三章试卷分值：100分考试时间：75分钟一、单选题（本大题共20小题，共60.0分）1.已知周期表中短周期的一部分如图所示，若a原子最外层电子数比次外层电子数少3，下列说法中不正确的是()A. 原子半径大小顺序是c>b>d>aB. d的氢化物比a的氢化物稳定C. a和d的原子结合可以形成带3个负电荷的阴离子D. a、b、c最高价氧化物对应水化物的酸性强弱关系是c>b>a2.今年是门捷列夫发现元素周期律150周年。

下表是元素周期表的一部分，W、X、Y、Z为短周期主族元素，W与X的最高化合价之和为8。

下列说法错误的是A. 原子半径：W<XB. 常温常压下，Y单质为固态C. 气态氢化物热稳定性：Z<WD. X的最高价氧化物的水化物是强碱3.下列说法错误的是()A. 11H、12H、H+和H2是氢元素的四种不同粒子B. 2040Ca和2042Ca、石墨和金刚石均为同位素C. 11H和12H是不同的核素D. 12C和 14C互为同位素，物理性质不同，但化学性质几乎完全相同4.下列有关化学键的说法中正确的是()A. 碘晶体升华和冰熔化时都涉及化学键的变化B. 氯化钠熔化或氯化氢溶于水时都要破坏化学键C. 离子化合物中可能含有共价键，共价化合物中可能含有离子键D. 氯化铵受热变成气体，冷却后又成晶体，此过程中化学键没有发生变化5.下列说法正确的是()①在水中氢、氧原子间均以化学键相结合②金属和非金属化合形成离子键③离子键是阳离子，阴离子的相互吸引④两个非金属原子间不可能形成离子键⑤非金属原子间不可能形成离子键⑥离子化合物可能含有共价键⑦共价化合物中可能有离子键A. ①②③B. ②④⑤C. ④⑥D.①②③④⑤⑥6.下列关于化学能与其他能量相互转化的说法错误的是()A. 化学反应中能量变化的主要原因是化学键的断裂与生成B. 化石燃料是不可再生能源，燃烧时将化学能转变为热能C. C(石墨，s)=C(金刚石，s)吸热反应，说明石墨比金刚石稳定D. 如图所示的反应为吸热反应7.一定温度下，向容积为2L的密闭容器中通入两种气体发生化学反应，反应中各物质的物质的量变化如图所示。

Evaluation Only. Created with Aspose.Words. Copyright 2003-2016 Aspose Pty Ltd.2019~2020学年第二学期第一次线上检测高一年级《语文》试题卷(时间： 150 分钟满分： 150 分一、现代文阅读(34 分)(一)论述类文本阅读(本题共3小题，9分)阅读下面材料，完成1~3题。

①经济与道德并非风马牛不相及，两者有着十分密切的关系。

近年来在经济领域出现的食品问题、医药问题、工程问题等都说明，发展经济不能忽视道德的作用，一旦道德出现问题，经济的发展将会受到严重影响，甚至会形成灾难性的后果。

②古今中外的学者对经济的理解和把握可谓是观点纷呈，但是，不管从哪个角度理解经济，他们都不同程度地认同，经济不只是投入、产出、效益等纯物质和物质活动的现象和概念，人的主观因素客观上是不可忽视的经济要素。

事实上，经济是人的经济，是人际关系之经济，经济活动一定内含着作为经济人的应该和人际利益交往活动的应该，离开了人、人际关系之应该的认识和把握，就难以真正认识经济。

③马克思在撰写鸿篇巨制《资本论》的过程中，通过对资本主义条位下的商品内在特质和矛盾的分析，揭示出了商品内部的两个对立的经济主体，即工人阶级和资产阶级及其不可调和的矛盾，进而由此展开对资本主义矛盾运动的探索和揭示，提出了“异化劳动”理论和资本主义必然会为社会主义所代替的科学论断。

这是经典的阶级分析法，也是阶级道德分析方法。

这就是说，唯有弄清楚资本主义经济条件下的阶级、阶级关系乃至阶级利益关系中的应该与不应该，才有可能更深入地剖析资本主义的剥削与被剥削的商品经济的本质和资本主义发展的基本规律。

这说明，经济现象均可以进行道德评价，有经济必有道德问题存在着，要真正认识和把握一定社会的经济和经济现象，道德视角不可或缺。

④经济发展速度决定于生产力的发展水平，大凡有先进的生产力，一定有快速发展的经济。

2019-2020学年深圳科学高中高三生物下学期期末试卷及答案一、选择题：本题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分。

每小题只有一个选项符合题目要求。

1. 科学家通过“重新编程”小鼠胰岛α细胞（分泌胰高血糖素）和δ细胞（分泌生长抑素），使其能够持续产生胰岛素，并将其移植到糖尿病小鼠体内，从而实现血糖的正常调控。

下列叙述正确的是A. 胰岛素能促进肝糖原的分解使血糖降低B. 胰高血糖素能促进肌糖原分解使血糖升高C. 编程前的小鼠α细胞内不含有胰岛素基因D. δ细胞分泌胰岛素会受到血糖浓度的调节2. 为探究酵母菌的呼吸方式，在连通CO2和O2传感器的100mL锥形瓶中，加入40mL活化酵母菌和60mL 葡萄糖培养液，密封后在最适温度下培养。

培养液中O2和CO2相对含量变化见下图。

有关分析错误的是（）A.t1→t2，酵母菌的有氧呼吸速率不断下降B.t3时，培养液中葡萄糖的消耗速率比t1时快C.若降低10℃培养，O2相对含量达到稳定所需时间会缩短D.实验后的培养液滤液加入适量酸性重铬酸钾溶液后变成灰绿色3. 生长素及其类似物能够调节植物的生长发育。

下列相关叙述错误的是（）A.棉花栽培过程中去除顶芽可促进侧芽生长，提高棉花产量B.给果树适宜喷施适量的NAA有利于保果，提高果实产量C.用适宜浓度的IAA处理未受粉番茄雌蕊，可得到大量正常的番茄种子D.带有芽和幼叶的柳条扦插时容易生根，是因为芽和幼叶均能产生IAA4. 图表示植物在不同的光照下生长的状况，其中哪一组的植物长得最差（）A. B. C. D.5. 下列四图代表生物体内的四种化合物，有关叙述错误的是（）A.图甲为某种氨基酸，X、Y中可能同时含有—NH2B.图丁为磷脂分子，在构成细胞膜的磷脂双分子层中头部朝向外侧，尾与尾相对C.若图丙所示分子为二糖，动物和植物体内均可能含有二糖D.图乙所示物质一定为DNA分子的基本单位6. 下列关于生命系统的结构层次的说法，正确的是( )A.生命系统中各生物体均具有多种组织和系统B.病毒没有细胞结构，故它的生命活动与细胞无关C.蛋白质、核酸不属于生命系统的结构层次D.生命系统层层相依，各生物具有相同的组成、结构和功能7. 分布有乙酰胆碱受体的神经元称为胆碱能敏感神经元，它普遍存在于神经系统中，参与学习与记忆等调节活动。

2019-2020学年深圳科学高中高三生物下学期期末考试试卷及答案一、选择题：本题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分。

每小题只有一个选项符合题目要求。

1. 膜上蛋白质的结构与其功能相适应，如膜上的通道蛋白和载体蛋白都具有转运功能，下面相关叙述错误的是（）A. 人鼠细胞融合实验，荧光标记的膜蛋白是作为参照物B. 胆固醇进入膜内不需要蛋白质的协助C. 细胞膜上的水通道可主动捕获水分子，将其运输到胞内或胞外D. 通道蛋白和载体蛋白的转运一般具有特异性2. 现有丙氨酸、丝氨酸和天门冬氨酸（结构式如图）各若干，则由这些氨基酸(种类不限)脱水缩合所形成环状三肽，能形成的肽键数、含有的氨基、羧基的数目是A.2、1、2B.3、0、0～3C.3、O、1～4D.2、1、不确定3. 下列说法正确的是（）A. 属于ZW型性别决定类型的生物，ZW个体为雄性，ZZ个体为雌性B. 一个男子把X染色体上的某一突变基因传给他外孙女的概率为0C. 女孩是红绿色盲基因携带者，则该红绿色盲基因可能来自她的父亲或母亲D. 男性秃顶比女性常见，秃顶的性状与性别有关，属于伴性遗传4. 用某种酶进行下列三组实验，有关实验的结果如图所示，下列说法正确的是（）A.通过实验可以证明该种酶活性最大时的条件是30℃、pH＝7B.三组实验能够证明酶具有专一性、温和性C.本实验研究的酶有麦芽糖酶和蔗糖酶D.pH＝5或温度为20℃条件下酶活性下降的原因相同5. 如图中的a、b、c、d分别代表人体内的四种大分子化合物，下列有关说法不正确的是()A. 分子c的种类61种，只含三个碱基，分子量比b小得多B.b、c、d的合成离不开化合物a，这四种大分子化合物的主要合成场所相同C.b、c、d三种化合物能同时存在于同一个细胞器中D.a、b彻底水解后可得到四种不同的化合物，四种相同的化合物6. 根据所学知识判断，下列说法正确的是(注：为不透光的锡箔帽和套)()A.若探究胚芽鞘感光部位，应设置℃℃进行对照B.若探究植物产生向光性的外因，应设置℃℃进行对照C.若探究植物产生向光性的内因，应设置℃℃进行对照D.图中弯曲生长的是℃℃℃7. 当环境温度达到40℃时，人体散热的有效途径是（）A. 传导B. 对流C. 辐射D. 出汗8. 下列有关免疫及相关内容的说法正确的有（）℃巨噬细胞能参与非特异性免疫和特异性免疫，在特异性免疫中能特异性识别抗原℃病毒抗原和细胞因子均可参与B细胞活化的过程℃结核分枝杆菌为胞内寄生菌，机体依赖细胞免疫使之失去藏身之所℃预防肺结核的疫苗含有能与结核分枝杆菌特异性结合的抗体℃机体一接触过敏原就会立即发生过敏反应A.二项B.三项C.四项D.五项9. 伞藻结构可分为“帽”、“柄”和“假根”3部分。

2019-2020学年深圳科学高中高三生物下学期期中考试试卷及参考答案一、选择题：本题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分。

每小题只有一个选项符合题目要求。

1. 生物体生命活动的主要承担者、遗传信息的携带者、细胞中含量最多的化合物依次是（）A.核酸、蛋白质、糖类B.蛋白质、核酸、无机盐C.蛋白质、核酸、水D.蛋白质、核酸、蛋白质2. 用普通光学显微镜观察组织时，以下叙述正确的是（）A.用10倍物镜观察组织时镜头与玻片的距离比用40倍物镜观察时近B.若载玻片上有d，则视野中呈现pC.换上高倍物镜后视野调节的越亮越好D.若将玻片标本向右移动，一污点不动，则污点可能在反光镜上3. “红柿摘下未熟，每篮用木瓜三枚放入，得气即熟，并无涩味”，这是宋朝苏轼《植物粗谈·果品》中记录的一种方法。

此文中“气”及其功能是（）A. “气”指的是CO2，作用是使柿成熟B. “气”指的是赤霉素，作用是去除柿的涩味C. “气”指的是乙烯，作用是促进果实成熟D. “气”指的是生长素，作用是促使子房发育为成熟的果实4. 艾滋病（AIDS）是由人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）引起的，该病毒是逆转录病毒，它能精确地识别并侵入CD4+T细胞（辅助性T细胞），逐渐使免疫系统瘫痪、功能瓦解，最终使患者死于严重感染或恶性肿瘤。

下列有关HIV叙述错误的是（）A.HIV能识别CD4+T细胞膜上的特异性受体并与之结合B.HIV患者最终由于其免疫防御功能下降而死于恶性肿瘤C.使用抗逆转录病毒联合疗法可阻止HIV在人体内的繁殖D.切断性接触传播、血液传播和母婴传播等是预防AIDS的有效措施5. 下列关于流动镶嵌模型的叙述错误的是（）A.蛋白质分子以镶、嵌入、贯穿的方式存在于磷脂双分子层B.细胞膜的流动性强弱是不变的，即使温度发生变化C.胞吞胞吐、质壁分离及复原的过程都能体现细胞膜具有流动性D.流动镶嵌模型中，细胞膜两侧的蛋白质并非均匀分布6. 将一个细胞中的磷脂成分全部抽提出来，并将它在空气和水界面上铺成单分子层，结果发现这个单分子层的表面积相当于原来细胞膜表面积的两倍。