下载文档原格式
Unit 2 Basics of Accounting Cycle会计循环概述教学目标:Master the identify transactions or events to be recorded. Understand the journalize transactions and events and posting from journals to ledger.教学内容：（1）identify transactions or events to be recorded（2）journalize transactions and events（3）posting from journals to ledger本节重点：identify transactions or events to be recorded本节难点：posting from journals to ledger计划学时：1学时授课形式：讲授与实例结合，适当布置作业授课班级：2009会计学本科授课地点：2105Key termsadjusted trial balance调整后试算平衡表A schedule indicating the balances in ledger accounts after end-of-period adjusting entries have been posted. The amounts shown in the adjusted trial balance are carried directly into financial statements. 期末用调整分录调整过金额的分类账余额的列表。
调整后试算表中的数字将直接进入财务报表。
adjusting entries调整分录Entries made at the accounting period for the purpose of recognizing revenue and expenses that are not properly measured as a result of journalizing transactions as they occur. 会计期间期末编制的一种分录。
cpa会计第二至第五章知识点表格总结Chapter 2: The Accounting Cycle- The accounting cycle refers to the process of recording financial transactions and producing financial statements.- Key steps in the accounting cycle include analyzing transactions, journalizing transactions, posting to the general ledger, preparing a trial balance, making adjusting entries, preparing an adjusted trial balance, preparing financial statements, and closing the books.- The accounting cycle ensures that transactions are recorded accurately and financial statements are prepared in a timely manner.Chapter 3: Accrual Accounting and Income Measurement- Accrual accounting records revenues and expenses when they are earned or incurred, regardless of when the cash is received or paid. - The revenue recognition principle states that revenues should be recorded when earned and realized or realizable.- The expense recognition (or matching) principle states that expenses should be recorded in the same period as the revenues they help generate.- Adjusting entries are made at the end of an accounting period to record accrued revenues, accrued expenses, prepaid expenses, and unearned revenues.- Adjusting entries ensure that financial statements accurately reflect the financial position and performance of a company. Chapter 4: Cash and Internal Controls- Cash includes currency, coins, checks, money orders, and directly withdrawable deposits.- Internal controls are procedures and policies implemented by acompany to safeguard its assets and ensure accurate financial reporting.- The key objectives of internal controls include safeguarding assets, ensuring the accuracy and reliability of financial records, promoting operational efficiency, and ensuring compliance with laws and regulations.- Segregation of duties is an important internal control measure that involves dividing key tasks and responsibilities among different individuals to prevent fraud or errors.- Cash receipts must be properly documented and deposited promptly, while cash payments should be made by check or electronic means to provide a clear audit trail.Chapter 5: Receivables and Revenue Recognition- Receivables are amounts owed to a company by its customers or individuals or entities that have borrowed money from the company.- Accounts receivable arise from credit sales and are recorded as assets on the balance sheet.- The allowance method is commonly used to account for uncollectible accounts receivable. It involves estimating and recording an allowance for uncollectible accounts based on past experience or industry norms.- Revenue recognition for merchandise sales typically occurs at the point of sale, while revenue recognition for services may occur over time or at the completion of the service.- Multiple deliverable arrangements require allocation of revenue to each individual component based on their relative fair value.。
会计循环Accounting cycleThe sequence of accounting procedures used to record， classify， and summarize accounting information is often termed the accounting cycle. The accounting cycle begins with the initial recording of business transactions and concludes with the preparation of formal financial statements summarizing the effects of these transactions upon the assets， liabilities， and owners‘ equity of the business. The term “cycle” indicates that these procedures must be repeated continuously to enable the business to prepare new， up-to-date financial statements at reasonable intervals. The accounting cycle consists of some specific steps as follows： 1. Analyze transactions and business documents 2. Journalize transactions 3. Post journal entries to accounts 4. Determine account balances and prepare a trial balance 5. Prepare a worksheet 6. Prepare financial statements 7. Journalize and post adjusting entries 8. Make closing entries 9. Prepare a post-closing trial balance 10. Make reversing entries Notice that step 1 to 3 occur continuously during the accounting period， step 4 to 9 occur only at the end of the accounting period， and step 10 occurs only at the start of the next accounting period. 会计记录、分类和总结会计记录的过程经常被称作会计循环。
