9.19.9.20江苏专转本英语五星级语法考点
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专升本英语语法重点汇总一、动词的时态1.一般现在时:表示经常性、习惯性的动作或状态。
2.现在进行时:表示正在进行的动作。
3.一般过去时:表示过去一些时间发生的动作或状态。
4.过去进行时:表示过去一些时间正在进行的动作。
5.现在完成时:表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响。
6.过去完成时:表示过去一些时间或动作发生之前已经完成的动作。
7.将来时:表示将来一些时间将要发生的动作或状态。
二、被动语态1.一般现在时的被动语态:主语是被动的执行者。
2.过去时的被动语态:主语是被动的执行者。
3.现在进行时的被动语态:主语是正在被动进行的动作。
4.一般过去时的被动语态:主语是被动的执行者。
5.过去进行时的被动语态:主语是被动的执行者。
6.现在完成时的被动语态:主语是已经被动完成的状态。
7.过去完成时的被动语态:主语是已经被动完成的状态。
三、动词的语态1.及物动词:必须与宾语结合使用的动词。
2.不及物动词:不需要与宾语结合使用的动词。
四、倒装句1.完全倒装:把助动词或情态动词放在主语前。
2.部分倒装:把助动词或情态动词放在谓语动词前。
五、情态动词1. can:表示能力、许可、可能。
2. could:表示过去的能力、许可、可能。
3. may:表示允许、可能。
4. might:表示过去可能。
5. must:表示推测、必须。
6. shall:表示将来的意愿。
7. should:表示建议、应该。
8. will:表示将来。
9. would:表示过去习惯、愿意。
六、名词1.可数名词:可以用来计数的名词。
2.不可数名词:不可以用来计数的名词。
3.特殊名词变复数形式。
4.特殊名词变单数形式。
七、形容词和副词1.形容词在句中的位置。
2.形容词比较级和最高级。
3.副词在句中的位置。
4.副词比较级和最高级。
五、代词1.主格代词:作为主语的代词。
2.宾格代词:作为宾语的代词。
3.物主代词:表示所属关系的代词。
4.反身代词:表示动作反过来作用于自己的代词。
专转本英语精华知识点1.have the ability to do能够做,有能力做…:He has the ability to make very good boat.enable sb to do使…能做…:Internet has enabled us to get information from all over the world.Be capable of能够做…:He is capable of drawing oil painting.be able to do能够做…He is able to read and write in English.2. absent 反义词:present be absent from…3. abroad国外,海外: live ~ go ~Many young people are eager to go abroad to study.4. access: 入口,途径;机会,权利。
Have access to sthCitizens in the town all have access to the books in the local(当地的)library.assess 估计5. absorb 吸收be absorbed in全神贯注于…All the students are absorbed in Professor’s lecture on China’s economy.6. accept接受receive收到(不一定接受),招待,款待She received a gift from him, but she didn’t accept it.7. by accident=by chance 偶然地on purpose 故意地8. according to 根据According to the article, environmental pollution has been taken under control.9. take… into account=take… into consideration 把…考虑在内I hope my teacher will take into account my illness when he grades our test paper.Account for 解释,说明…的原因/ on account of=because of10. accuse sb of sth = charge sb with(for) sth 指责… 做了…;指控… 犯了…He was accused of robbing the bank and sentenced ten years in jail.His mother charged him with being lazy.11. be accustomed to = be used to 习惯于后接sth或doing sthused to 过去有过去常常后接do sthbe used to do…被用来做Mr. Smith is not used/accustomed to driving on the right.He used to get up early while he was in the middle school.The wood is used to make tissue.12. achieve 获得,达到/ achieve one’s goalYou will achieve nothing if you waste your time this way.13. adapt=adjust to 适应~ adopt 收养;采用You should adapt to college life as soon as possible.He adjusted himself very quickly to the weather in the count ry.14. add to 增添add up to 总计达15. in addition(to)=besides 此外In order to master a foreign language, we should learn some grammar. In addition, we’d better learn some words.16. adequate=enough17. admit 承认/ be admitted into 被录取。
江苏省专转本英语考试语法重点大全一)倒装句谓语动词放在主语之前的这种语法现象称为倒装。
从倒装的形式来看,可分为全部倒装 (full inversion)和部分倒装(partial inversion)两种。
前者是指整个谓语置于主语之前,而后者仅是指助动词、情态动词或be 动词等功能置于主语之前。
一、全部倒装1 、句首为 there be, stand, lie, exist, remain, appear, seem, come等时,引出全部倒装。
There stands a stone bridge across the river.There stands an old pine tree on the summit of the mountain.2、句首为状语方位词或表示地点的介词短语:Then from the portable radio in the corner came the announcer’s voice.从角落里的便携式收音机里传来了播音员的声音。
At his side lay Eva Brown.在他的身旁躺着的是爱娃. 布劳恩。
3 、以 here, there, now, then等开头的句子,位于常用be, come, go, begin, follow等,引出倒装:There goes the bell.铃响了。
Here comes the bus.汽车来了。
Now come your turn.现在轮到你了。
但是,如主语是代词而不是名词时则不发生倒装。
4、在表示动作的简短句子里,为了生动,可把副词放于句首引出倒装。
Out rushed the dog from the gate.一条狗从大门里嗖地一声窜了出来。
Up went the rocket into the sky.火箭嗖地一声飞上了天空。
但: Away they went.5 、在表达祝愿的句子里:Long live the friendship between American and Chinese people!中美人民的友谊万岁!May you succeed!祝你成功!6 、在强调表语时Worst of all were the humiliations.最令人难以忍受的是羞辱。
专升本英语语法基础知识速记在专升本的英语考试中,语法是一个重要的部分。
掌握好语法基础知识,对于提高英语成绩、增强英语应用能力都有着至关重要的作用。
接下来,让我们一起快速了解一下专升本英语语法的基础知识。
一、词性(一)名词名词是表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称的词。
例如:“book (书)”“student(学生)”“city(城市)”等。
名词有可数和不可数之分,可数名词又有单数和复数形式。
1、可数名词变复数的规则:一般在词尾加 s,如:book books。
以 s,x,ch,sh 结尾的加 es,如:box boxes,watch watches。
以辅音字母+ y 结尾的,把 y 变 i 再加 es,如:city cities。
以 f 或 fe 结尾的,把 f 或 fe 变为 v 再加 es,如:leaf leaves,knife knives。
不规则变化,如:man men,child children 等。
(二)动词动词是表示动作或状态的词。
根据其在句子中的功能,可分为实义动词、系动词、助动词和情态动词。
1、实义动词及物动词:后面可以直接跟宾语,如:read a book(读书)。
不及物动词:后面不能直接跟宾语,若要跟宾语,需要加上相应的介词,如:look at the picture(看这张图片)。
2、系动词表示状态的:be(am/is/are/was/were)。
表示感官的:look,sound,smell,taste,feel。
表示变化的:become,get,turn,grow,go 等。
3、助动词帮助构成各种时态、语态和语气,如:do/does/did,have/has/had,will/would 等。
4、情态动词表示说话人的语气和态度,如:can/could,may/might,must,should,ought to 等。
(三)形容词形容词是用来修饰名词或代词,表示人或事物的性质、特征或状态的词。
专升本必考语法知识点总结语法在专升本考试中是一个非常重要的考察内容,它涉及到了语言的基本规则和结构,对于提高语言能力和语言运用能力有着很大的帮助。
下面就针对专升本必考的语法知识点进行总结,以帮助考生更好地备考。
一、名词名词是指代人、事物、地点、概念等的词语,它有单数和复数之分,还有不同的形式来表示所有格。
在专升本考试中,名词的用法是一个重点考察内容。
主要包括下面几个方面:1.名词的数名词有单数和复数之分,单数名词一般加-s或-es来表示复数,但也有一些特殊的名词复数形式,比如:child-children,man-men等。
2.名词的所有格名词的所有格分为主动所有格和客体所有格两种形式,主动所有格是指表示所属关系的名词本身发生变化来表示所有关系,比如:Tom's book,客体所有格则是在名词后面加上-apostrophe s 表示所属关系,比如:the book of the teacher。
3.名词的种类名词的种类包括普通名词、专有名词、抽象名词、集体名词等,不同的名词有着不同的用法和特点,考生需要在备考中对各种名词有着清晰的认识和理解。
二、代词代词是用来代替名词或名词短语的词语,它分为人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、疑问代词、关系代词等,代词的用法也是专升本考试的重要内容。
1.人称代词人称代词是用来代替人的名词或名词短语的词语,分为主格和宾格两种形式,比如:I、me、you、he、him、she、her、it、we、us、you、they、them等。
2.物主代词物主代词是用来表示所有关系的代词,分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词两种形式,比如:my、mine、your、yours、his、her、hers、its、our、ours、your、yours、their、theirs。
3.指示代词指示代词是用来指示一个具体的人或物的代词,分为近指示代词和远指示代词两种形式,比如:this、that、these、those。
江苏高中英语语法归纳总结英语语法是英语学习过程中一个重要的组成部分,它对于学生提高英语表达能力和理解能力有着至关重要的作用。
江苏高中英语课程中的语法知识点比较繁杂,需要系统地进行归纳总结。
本文将对江苏高中英语语法知识点进行归纳总结,帮助学生更好地掌握和运用这些知识。
一、词类1. 名词(Noun)名词是指表示人、事物、地点、想法等具体或抽象的名称。
名词可分为可数名词和不可数名词。
可数名词可有单数和复数形式,而不可数名词只有单数形式。
2. 代词(Pronoun)代词是用于代替名词的词语,可以省略重复的名词或表示指示、提问、指代等作用。
3. 形容词(Adjective)形容词用来描述名词的性质、特征或状态,常作定语或表语。
4. 副词(Adverb)副词用于修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或整个句子,可以表示时间、地点、方式、程度等。
动词是表示动作、状态、事件等的词语,它可以分为谓语动词和非谓语动词。
6. 介词(Preposition)介词用于表示名词与其他词之间的关系,常用于表达时间、地点、原因、目的等。
7. 连词(Conjunction)连词用于连接句子、短语或词语,可以表示并列、转折、因果、条件等关系。
8. 冠词(Article)冠词通常用于限定名词,指示名词的范围,有定冠词和不定冠词之分。
二、句子成分1. 主语(Subject)主语是句子中的核心成分,一般位于谓语动词之前,通常是名词或代词。
2. 谓语(Predicate)谓语是句子中表示主语动作或状态的核心成分,一般是动词或动词短语。
宾语是表示动作的承受者或对象,一般位于及物动词或介词后面。
4. 表语(Predicative)表语是用来说明主语的状态、性质或特征的成分,一般位于系动词之后。
5. 定语(Attribute)定语是用来修饰名词或代词的成分,一般位于名词之前。
6. 状语(Adverbial)状语是用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子的成分,用来表示时间、地点、方式、程度等。
专转本英语必备知识点专转本英语必备知识点一、词类1、名词:表示人、物或抽象概念的词。
例如:boy,class,friendship。
2、冠词:用在名词前,对其加以限定。
例如:a,an,the。
3、动词:表示动作或状态的词。
例如:run,walk,sleep。
4、形容词:用来修饰名词,表示其性质或特征的词。
例如:good,beautiful,interesting。
5、副词:用来修饰动词、形容词或其他副词的词。
例如:quickly,happily,very。
二、语法1、句子结构:英语句子由主语和谓语构成,可以进一步包含宾语、定语、状语等成分。
2、时态:英语中有16种基本时态,包括现在时、过去时、将来时等。
3、主谓一致:主语和谓语在数上要保持一致。
4、虚拟语气:用于表达假设、猜测、建议等语气。
5、非谓语动词:动词的非谓语形式,包括动词不定式、动名词和分词。
三、阅读理解1、阅读技巧:掌握快速阅读、寻读、略读等技巧。
2、文体分析:了解不同文体的特点,如说明文、议论文、记叙文等。
3、主题把握:通过阅读理解文章主题和大意。
4、细节理解:掌握提取文章细节信息的能力。
四、写作1、写作技巧:如段落结构、连贯性、清晰明确的观点等。
2、不同文体写作:掌握不同文体的写作技巧,如说明文、议论文、记叙文等。
3、语言表达:使用正确的语法、词汇和表达方式,避免中式英语。
4、写作规范:注意书写格式、标点符号等规范。
五、翻译1、词汇翻译:正确翻译词汇,了解一词多义和语境意义。
2、句子翻译:掌握句子结构、语法和语序,使译文通顺易懂。
3、段落翻译:把握段落大意和逻辑关系,做到整体翻译准确。
4、文化背景:了解英语国家的文化背景和习惯用法,提高翻译的准确性。
六、听力1、听力技巧:掌握听力考试的技巧,如预测内容、注意关键词等。
2、听力理解:通过听录音材料,理解其大意和具体细节。
3、听力记忆:在听的过程中,能够记住重要信息和逻辑关系。
4、听力题型:了解听力题的各种题型和解题方法。
专升本英语知识点总结关于专升本英语知识点总结一、非谓语动词To do 表示将要去做(主动语态)To be done 表示将要被(被动语态)Doing 正在做某事(主动语态)Being done 正在被(现在分词的被动)Done 做完某事(被动语态)Having done 做完某事(主动语态)Having been done 做完某事(被动语态)二、must的用法1、Must作情态动词:must +do 必须Must, mustn’t/ needn’t +主语?或者Mustn’t, must+主语?2、Must 表示推测时:Must+do 对现在情况推测“一定是“,反义部分用 Must 后面的动词Eg: he must be a teacher, isn’t he?Must 对过去肯定的推测, must have done “一定做过某事“如果句中有明确的过去时间,(yesterday/last week/month/year/night), 反义部分用 didnt + 主语?Eg: it must have rained last night, didnt it?如果句中没有明确的过去时间词,反义部分用 havent /hasnt+主语?it must have rained, hasnt it?专升本英语重点知识点Part 1——英语单词"X,Y,Z"篇1.Xmas n. 圣诞节2.xylitol n. 木糖醇3.X-RAY n.X射线4.xenidium n.胶合板5.xerocopy n. 复印件6.xerodermia n. 皮肤干燥症,干皮病7.xerography n. 静电复印术8.xeroma n. 干性眼炎,干眼病9.xenogeneic adj. 异种的,异基因的10.xenogenetic adj. 自然发生的11.xenon n. 氙(惰性气体,元素符号Xe)12.xenophobia n. 仇外,惧外者13.xeranthemum n.干鲜花卉14.yield vi.屈服15.yet adv.尚,还,仍然,已经16.young adj.年轻的,年幼的17.youngster n. 青春,年轻人18.yawn v. 打呵欠,张开, 裂开;n. 呵欠19.zone n.地区,区域20.zoo n.动物园Part 2——单项选择题名词及所有格:1. ________ mothers couldnt go to the meeting, because they have gone to Shanghai .A. Mary and PetersB. Mary and PeterC. Marys and PeterD. Marys and Peters2. Li Lei has been to __________ many times this month.A. her uncleB. her unclesC. her unclesD. aunts3. He is a success as a leader but he hasnt ________ in teaching.A. many experiencesB. much experienceC. an experienceD. a lot experience4. A classmate of _________ was here ten minutes ago.A. youB. yourC. your sisterD. your sisters5. A group of _________ are talking with two ___________.A. Frenchmen, GermansB. Germans ,FrenchmansC. Frenchmans , GermenD. Germen , Frenchmen答案 1-5 D B B D A学好英语最有效4个方法1、单词是基础记单词需要灵活,别死记,并且要多看它,把书上的单词归纳到自己的笔记本上,并附上词组,一举两得。
江苏省专转本英语考试语法重点大全一)倒装句谓语动词放在主语之前的这种语法现象称为倒装。
从倒装的形式来看,可分为全部倒装(full inversion)和部分倒装(partial inversion)两种。
前者是指整个谓语置于主语之前,而后者仅是指助动词、情态动词或be 动词等功能置于主语之前。
一、全部倒装1、句首为there be, stand, lie, exist, remain, appear, seem, come 等时,引出全部倒装。
There stands a stone bridge across the river.There stands an old pine tree on the summit of the mountain.2、句首为状语方位词或表示地点的介词短语:Then from the portable radio in the corner came the announcer’s voice.从角落里的便携式收音机里传来了播音员的声音。
At his side lay Eva Brown. 在他的身旁躺着的是爱娃.布劳恩。
3、以here, there, now, then等开头的句子,位于常用be, come, go, begin, follow 等,引出倒装:There goes the bell. 铃响了。
Here comes the bus. 汽车来了。
Now come your turn. 现在轮到你了。
但是,如主语是代词而不是名词时则不发生倒装。
4、在表示动作的简短句子里,为了生动,可把副词放于句首引出倒装。
Out rushed the dog from the gate. 一条狗从大门里嗖地一声窜了出来。
Up went the rocket into the sky. 火箭嗖地一声飞上了天空。
但:Away they went.5、在表达祝愿的句子里:Long live the friendship between American and Chinese people! 中美人民的友谊万岁!May you succeed! 祝你成功!6、在强调表语时Worst of all were the humiliations. 最令人难以忍受的是羞辱。
江苏省专转本英语考试语法重点大全一)倒装句谓语动词放在主语之前的这种语法现象称为倒装。
从倒装的形式来看,可分为全部倒装(full inversion)和部分倒装(partial inversion)两种。
前者是指整个谓语置于主语之前,而后者仅是指助动词、情态动词或be 动词等功能置于主语之前。
一、全部倒装1、句首为there be, stand, lie, exist, remain, appear, seem, come 等时,引出全部倒装。
There stands a stone bridge across the river.There stands an old pine tree on the summit of the mountain.2、句首为状语方位词或表示地点的介词短语:Then from the portable radio in the corner came the announcer’s voice.从角落里的便携式收音机里传来了播音员的声音。
At his side lay Eva Brown. 在他的身旁躺着的是爱娃.布劳恩。
3、以here, there, now, then等开头的句子,位于常用be, come, go, begin, follow 等,引出倒装:There goes the bell. 铃响了。
Here comes the bus. 汽车来了。
Now come your turn. 现在轮到你了。
但是,如主语是代词而不是名词时则不发生倒装。
4、在表示动作的简短句子里,为了生动,可把副词放于句首引出倒装。
Out rushed the dog from the gate. 一条狗从大门里嗖地一声窜了出来。
Up went the rocket into the sky. 火箭嗖地一声飞上了天空。
但:Away they went.5、在表达祝愿的句子里:Long live the friendship between American and Chinese people! 中美人民的友谊万岁!May you succeed! 祝你成功!6、在强调表语时Worst of all were the humiliations. 最令人难以忍受的是羞辱。
专升本语法知识点归纳整理专升本考试中的语法知识点是英语基础能力的重要组成部分,掌握好这些知识点对于提高考试成绩至关重要。
以下是对专升本语法知识点的归纳整理:开头:专升本考试的英语部分,语法是基础中的基础。
无论是阅读理解、完形填空还是写作,语法知识的正确运用都显得尤为重要。
以下是对专升本英语语法知识点的详细归纳。
名词:- 名词的单复数形式- 不可数名词- 名词的所有格形式动词:- 时态:一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在完成时等- 语态:主动语态与被动语态- 非谓语动词:动名词、不定式、分词形容词和副词:- 形容词和副词的比较级和最高级- 形容词和副词的用法- 形容词和副词的比较结构代词:- 人称代词、物主代词、反身代词- 指示代词、疑问代词、不定代词冠词:- 不定冠词和定冠词的使用- 冠词的省略介词:- 介词的用法- 介词短语的构成连词:- 并列连词和从属连词- 连词在句子中的作用数词:- 基数词和序数词- 数词在句子中的使用句子结构:- 简单句、并列句、复合句- 主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、补语非谓语动词的用法:- 动名词作主语、宾语等- 不定式作目的状语、结果状语等- 分词作定语、状语等时态的一致性:- 时态的一致性原则- 不同时态的转换被动语态的构成:- 被动语态的构成方法- 被动语态的使用场合倒装句和强调句:- 倒装句的构成和用法- 强调句的构成和用法结尾:通过上述对专升本英语语法知识点的归纳整理,考生们可以更有针对性地复习和准备考试。
语法是英语学习的基石,只有扎实掌握语法知识,才能在专升本考试中取得优异的成绩。
希望每位考生都能够通过努力,实现自己的学业目标。
结束语:最后,祝愿所有考生在专升本考试中取得理想的成绩,为自己的未来铺设坚实的基础。
知识要点:江苏高考英语语法专题复习知识点汇总一、冠词The Article冠词是一种虚词,放在名词的前面,帮助说明名词的含义。
冠词分不定冠词(The Indefinite Article)和定冠词(The definite Article)两种。
a (an) 是不定冠词,a 用在辅音之前:如a book, a man; an 用在元音之前,如:an old man, an hour, an interesting book 等。
the 是定冠词。
一、不定冠词的用法1、指人或事物的某一种类(泛指)。
这是不定冠词a (an)的基本用法。
如:She is a girl. I am a teacher. Please pass me an apple.2、指某人或某物,但不具体说明何人或何物。
如:He borrowed a story-book from the library.A Li is looking for you. 一位姓李的同志正在找你。
3、表示数量,有“一”的意思,但数的概念没有one 强烈。
如:I have a mouth, a nose and two eyes.4、用于某些固定词组中。
如:a bit, a few, a little, a lot of, a piece of, a cup of, a glass of, a pile of, a pair of, have a good time, for a while, for a long time 等。
5、用在抽象名词前,表具体的介绍——a + 抽象名词,起具体化的作用。
如:This little girl is a joy to her parents. 这女孩对她父母来说是一个乐趣。
It is a pleasure to talk with you. 跟您交谈真是一件愉快的事情。
It is an honour to me to attend the meeting. 参加这个会,对我来说是一种荣誉。
江苏省英语高考语法知识点作为江苏省高考英语科目中的一项重要内容,语法知识点在备考过程中扮演着至关重要的角色。
良好的语法运用能力不仅可以提高阅读理解和写作水平,还是学习外语的基石。
本文将从句子结构、时态、语态、虚拟语气和固定搭配五个方面,讲解江苏省英语高考的语法知识点。
一、句子结构句子结构是理解和运用语法知识的基础。
在英语句子结构中,我们常见的有简单句、复合句和并列复合句。
简单句由主语和谓语构成,表达一个完整的意思。
而复合句包含一个主句和一个或多个从句,从句可以是名词从句、形容词从句或副词从句。
并列复合句由两个或多个并列的简单句或从句构成,通过连接词连接。
例如,句子“Tom loves playing basketball.”是一个简单句。
复合句的例子有:“I don't know where he is.”这是一个包含名词从句的复合句。
另一个例子是:“She is so ti red that she cannot walk.”这是一个包含形容词从句的复合句。
而并列复合句的例子有:“He likes coffee, but I prefer tea.”这是由两个并列的简单句构成的句子。
二、时态时态是表达动作在时间上的位置的一种语法规则。
在英语中,常见的时态有一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、过去将来时等等。
例如,一般现在时用于表示客观事实、习惯性动作和科学真理。
例如:“I live in China.”表示的是一个现在的状态。
一般过去时用于表示过去发生的动作,例如:“I went to the park yesterday.”表示的是过去的一个动作。
一般将来时用于表示将来要发生的动作,例如:“I will go to Beijing next month.”表示的是将来要完成的动作。
三、语态语态表示动作的主动与被动关系。
在英语中,常见的语态有主动语态和被动语态。
江苏专转本英语语法总结与练习形容词、副词比较级一、等比句句型下面这种句型主要表示人或物的性质、特征等方面有某些近似或相等:主语+谓语+as+形容词/副词+as+比较对象We have accomplished as much in the past three years as would have been taken ten years in the past.句子中两个as作用不同, 前一个as是副词, 含“如此”的意思; 后一个as是连词, 表示“比”或“如同”的意义。
下面这种句型的意思是“不比…多”或“不少于…”:主语+谓语+no more/less+形容词/副词比较级+than+被比对象是表达“相等”或“近似”的一种说法。
例如:She is no less diligent than her class mates.二、比较级句型比较级句型用于表示两个人或事物之间的差别。
它包括两个方面: 一是优等比较, 即“甲胜于乙”; 一是次等比较, 即“甲不及乙”。
主+谓语+形容词/副词比较级+(名词)+被比对象或: 主语+谓语+more/less+形容词/副词+than+被比对象Facts speak louder than eloquence.The new edition of the dictionary is more expensive than the old one.“否定的同等级较”也用于表示两个人或事物之间的差别。
例如: John doesn't work so hard as Henry.[提示]在英语中习惯上修饰比较级的副词不多,主要有much,far,even,still表示“…得多”和“更…”的意思。
三、最高级句型最高级句型用于表示某一事物在一定范围内最突出或某一动作达到最高程度的句子。
一般要有一个表示范围的词组。
…the+形容词/副词最高级+(名词)+范围词1. Jane is the tallest girl in the department of public relations.2. Of all the students, Beth works hardest.注: 引导范围的介词, 如果为同一范畴用of, 如例2; 否则用in, 如例1。
虚拟语气;名词性从句;定语从句;非谓语动词;倒装语序(这五大项排名不分先后),一般直接考2分左右;下面还有时态与语态2分-1分,情态动词+have done 1分,主谓一致要考1分,强调句句型1分。
定语从句、名词性从句、非谓语动词的掌握不仅对于词汇结构直接考查有意义,而且更为重要的是对于阅读理解意义相当重大;有些语法知识比如虚拟语气、倒装、强调句句型、主谓一致、反义疑问句则主要对于词汇结构题直接考意义重大;有些语法知识诸如并列平行结构、状语从句、插入结构、it指代用法、比较结构则主要对于阅读理解有重大意义。
一.定语从句定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引起的,在句子中充当定语成分,来修饰名词、代词或句子。
定语从句一般放在它所修饰的名词或代词之后,这种名词或代词称为先行词。
The new points which the president stressed in his report are very important indeed.(定语从句、关系代词、先行词)That is the reason why I am not in favor of revising the plan.(定语从句、关系代副词、先行词)所有从句都是由连接词引出来的,定语从句的连接词被叫做关系代词、关系副词。
具体而言,有以下几种情况例句:1 One should not plant a garden that is too large for him to care for.(06阅读1)2 .Because of their frequent wars, many of their inventions were no more than improvements in the design of Greek weapons with which they were familiar.(06阅读2)3 There are a lot of women who will do the job as well as men.(06阅读2)Anyone who brought his sleeping bag and cooking equipment along could stay there for a very small quantity of money.(03月度2,P48).4 He saw the manager talking with somebody whom he didn’t know.5 Many people whose possessions were destroyed in natural disasters eventually considered their loss as a blessing.(06CET-6,12)6 As is often the case, the more you use your brain, the more active it will become.关系代词使用的几种特别规定:That 1)先行词是不定代词,常见有all, much, any, something, anything等;2)先行词被all, any, every, some,(a)few,(a)little修3)先行词被最高级、序数词、the only/next/same/very修饰时;4)先行词既包括人,又包括物时。
动词主要时态一般现在时 (am, is, are, do, does)1、表示现在经常或反复发生的动作或存在的状态,常和often, always, usually, sometimes, everyday 等时间状语连用;2、表示主语的特征、性格、能力等;3、表示客观事实或普遍真理;4、表示安排或计划好的将来要发生的动作;The plane takes off at 10 am。
5、在时间或条件状语中,表示将来的动作;When you see her just tell her that I am all right。
6、在某些文学作品的情节描写中,代替过去时,表示或用于引述书刊材料;The author says that the soldiers fight for freedom not for money。
一般过去时 (was, were, did)用于表示过去某时发生的动作或状态,常和表示过去的时间状语连用,如yesterday,last week,three years ago, in 1987, at the time , in July。
一般将来时主要用于表示将来发生的动作或情况在时间或条件状语中 ,一般不用将来时,而是用现在时代替将来时 。
I’ll let you know the result when I finish everything。
1、shall, will + 动词原型构成一般将来时;2、am (is , are) going to + 动词原型,表示近期打算去做的事情或可能要发生的事情;3、am (is , are) about to + 动词原型,表示即将发生的动作;4、am (is , are) to + 动词原型,表示必须或计划要进行的动作 You are to be here by 4 pm for collecting the shipment you ordered.过去将来时用于表示过去某一时间内,将要发生的动作或存在的状态was (were) going to +动词原型was (were) about to +动词原型was (were) to + 动词原型 表示过去某时间内计划、打算或一定要进行的动作现在进行时go, come , stay , leave , start 的现在进行时形式可以表示将来即将发生的动作He is coming to see you tomorrow。
非谓语动词1. ______________, I am afraid I can’t go with you.A. with so much work to doB. with so much work doingC. For so much work to doD. To do so much work2. with a large amount of work ______ the chief manager couldn’t spare time for a holiday.A. remained to doB. remaining to doC. remaine to doD. remaining to be done3. ______ too much to do, they have to keep themselves busy all day long.A. HavingB. HaveC. HadD. Being4. Professor Wang, _____for his informative lectures, was warmly received by his students.A. KnowingB. knownC. to be knownD. having Known5. _____David’s expression, we’d say he is not in a good mood today.A. to judge byB. judged byC. to be judged byD. judging by6. ____ from the hill top, the lake scenery is beyond description.A. seenB. SeeingC. To seeD. Having seen7. Many things ____impossible in the past are quite common today.A. consideringB. being consideredC. to be consideredD. considered8. there is much ___ can be done about the accidents____ from carelessness.A. which…aroseB. that….arisingC. which…arisenD. that….arise9. ___ more time, she would certainly have done it much better.A. GivenB. To be givenC. GivingD. To give10. ______, the next problem was how to make a good plan.A. Having made the decisionB. The decision having been madeC. has the decision been madeD. The decision has been made11. Everything ___ into consideration, the candidates ought to have another chance.A. is takenB. takenC. to be takenD. taking12. _____from heart trouble for years, Professor White has to take some medicine with him wherever he goes.A. sufferedB. SufferingC. having sufferedD. Being suffered13. The concert will be broadcasted live to a worldwide television audience______ thousand million.A. estimatingB. estimatedC. estimatesD. having estimated14. About half of the students expected there ______more reviewing classes before the final exams.A. isB. beingC. to beD. have been倒装1. Not until the game had began ______at the sports ground.A. had he arrivedB. would he have arrivedC. did he arriveD. should he have arrived2. No sooner _____ begun to speak than some noise arose from the audience.A. he hadB. had heC. he hasD. did he3. ________evidence that language-acquiring ability must be stimulated.A. It beingB. It isC. There isD. there being4. Although Anne is happy with her success, she wonders ____ will happen to her private life.A. thatB. whatC. itD. this5. So fast_____ that it is difficult for us to imagine its speed.A. light travelsB. travels lightC. do light travelD. does light travel6. Hardly ______ making the speech when the people stood up applauding.A. has the speaker finishedB. the speaker had finishedC. had the speaker finishedD. had finished the speaker7. Never before ____available for quick and easy access in so many different fields of study.A. so much free informationB. were so much free informationC. has so much free information beenD. so much free information has been8. Scarcely ______asleep when a knock at the door awakened her.A. had she fallenB. she had fallenC. did she fallD. she fell主谓一致1. Not only I but also Tom and Mary ____fond of collecting stamps.A. amB. willC. areD. have2. Air pollution, together with overpopulation, ____many problems in big cities today.A. are causingB. is causingC. are causedD. is caused3. Mary is one of the brightest students who_____ from New York University.A. graduatedB. have graduatedC. had graduatedD. has graduated4. He is the only one of the students who ______ a winner of scholarship for 3 years.A. isB. areC. have beenD. has been5. Neither the teacher nor her students ____ to attend the meeting by the headmaster.A. has been askedB. has askedC. have askedD. have been asked6. The atmosphere is as much a part of the earth as _ its soils and the water of its lakes and oceans.A. isB. hasC. areD. have情态动词1. John, you are so lazy. This job____ hours ago.A. should finishB. must have finishedC. could be finishingD. ought to have been finished2. She has no ideal of what the books is about. She _____ have read it very carefully.A. mustn’tB. can’tC. shouldn’tD. needn’t3. When we reached the station, the train had not arrived yet; so we____A. needed not to hurryB. needn’t have hurriedC. didn’t need to hurryD. had not needed to hurry4. Have you seen Mary today? No, I think she ____-away on her vocation.A. must beB. may have beenC. must have beenD. might have been5. The police think your brother John stole the diamond in the museum yesterday evening.Oh? But he stayed with me at home the whole evening; he ___the museum.A. must have been toB. needn’t have been toC. should have been toD. couldn’t have been to 虚拟语气1. I think I _____the movie we went to last night even more if I had read the book.A. would enjoyB. would have enjoyedC. will enjoyD. enjoyed2. If we had known that she had planned to arrive today, we ____ her at the bus station.A. will have metB. might meetC. had metD. might have met3. As soon as WW2 ended, Einstein urged that atomic energy ___ to peaceful use.A. is putB. be putC. would be putD. will be put4. It is suggested that smoking______ in public places.A. will not be allowedB. was not allowedC. not be allowedD. is not allowed5. You missed a golden opportunity. Yes, I ____ that job when it was offered.A. must have takenB. should have takenC. might takeD. ought to take6. Look at the terrible situation I am in now! if only I ____ your advice.A. followB. had followedC. would followD. have followed7. Tom has been most helpful to u s; in fact I don’t know what we_____without him.A. have doneB. will have doneC. had doneD. would have done8. ______ the rain, we should have had a pleasant trip to the countryside.A. Because ofB. Due toC. Thanks toD. But for9. Do not come tomorrow. I’d rather you ____ next weekend.A. will comeB. cameC. to comeD. had come定语从句1. She is pleased with what you have given her husband and _____ you have told him.A. thatB. whichC. all whatD. all that2. His success was due to _______ he had been working hard all the time.A. thatB. the fact whichC. the fact thatD. the fact what3. The two elements _____water is made up are the gases-oxygen and hydrogenA. thatB. whichC. of whichD. with which4. More and more people are beginning to learn English, ___ can partly explain the booming of language training centers in China.A. whichB. whatC. thatD. it5. There are two major problems linked with atomic power plants, ___the first concerns nuclear waste.A. of whichB. of the twoC. of themD. of the plants6. There is much ______can be done about the accidents ______from carelessness.A. which….aroseB. that….arisingC. which…arisenD. that…arise时态1. Do not disturb me. I ____ letters all morning and have written six so far.A. writeB. am writingC. was writingD. have been writing2. When a machine is ____, suitable materials must be chosen for its parts.A. buildingB. buildC. to buildD. to be build3. the passengers ___ out of the exit when we arrived at the airport.A. were just comingB. just cameC. are just comingD. just come4. When I saw the mess my paper was in, it was obvious that someone _____it.A. was readingB. would have readC. had been readingD. had read5. Professor Wu told us that by the end of the year he ___ here for 3 years.A. will have workedB. will have been workingC. would have been workingD. has been working6. He hopes that when he comes back in five years’ time all the old buildings _____down.A. will have been pulledB. will be pullingC. will have pulledD. will be pulled7. He ____ English for 8 years by the time he graduates from the university next year.A. will learnB. will be learningC. will have learntD. will have been learnt其它1. His salary as a bus driver is much higher that______.A. that of a teacherB. those of a teacherC. these of a teacherD. this of a teacher2. The fried fish we ate at the restaurant yesterday is marvelous. I’d like to have it again even if it costs ______.A. as twice muchB. twice as muchC. much as twiceD. as much twice3. Believe it or not, Matt earns ___his brother, who has a better position in a big company.A. much as twice asB. as twice much asC. twice as much asD. as much twice as4. Jean worked just so much _______.A. like what she was toldB. as she was told toC. as to what she tried to doD. like she was told to5. I though his speech would be interesting, but it turned out that the more he talked, _______.A. the more bored became IB. the more I became boredC. the more bored I becameD. I became the more bored6. The higher a rocket flies, _____air it meets,A. the fewerB. the littleC. the lessD. the much7. It is during his spare time ____Johnson has been studying a course in history.A. whenB. whichC. whatD. that8. It is only in the most difficult circumstances____ a man’s abilities are fully tested.A. whenB. thatC. whereD. so what9. There has been a great increase in retail sales, ______?A. does thereB. hasn’t thereC. isn’t thereD. isn’t it10. My grandfather has a pair of ________.A. Spanish leather black hootsB. black Spanish leather hootsC. Spanish black leather hootsD. leather Spanish black boots11. I do not think you can finish painting the fence alone in such a short time, _____?A. do IB. can youC. can’t youD. won’t you12. The reason why I came back is _____ she would have been very angry if I hadn’t.A. thatB. becauseC. forD. that because。