NSF93 中英对照
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美国全国卫生基金会(National Sanitation Foundation简称NSF)成立于1944年,是一个独立的,不以营利为目的的非政府组织。
NSF专致于公共卫生、安全、环境保护领域的标准制订、产品测试和认证服务工作,是公共卫生与安全领域的权威机构。
每年有数以百万计消费品、商业和工业产品被印上NSF的标识,多年来被消费者、行内人士和生产制造单位所信赖。
NSF 的宗旨在于制订公共卫生以及服务、研究与教育环境方面的管理规划并加以实施。
作为一个可靠的中立组织,NSF为政府,产业界以及广大消费者提供解决有关公众健康与环境问题的服务。
NSF的技术资源包括测试设备和分析的化学和微生物学实验室。
NSF的专业人士包括有公众健康、食品安全、水质质量和环境等方面有着广泛经验的工程师、化学家、毒理学家、公共卫生学家和计算机科学家。
NSF 签发的认证被美国国家标准协会(ANSI) 和加拿大标准委员会(SCC)所承认。
NSF作为中立的第三方对美国以及国际标准的认证资格得到包括美国国家标准研究院(ANSI)、美国职业安全与健康行署、加拿大国家标准委员会等13个国家或行业权威组织的批准与认证。
NSF是世界卫生组织(WHO)在食品安全与饮用水安全与处理方面的指定合作中心。
经过NSF的检测并达到NSF标准的产品,被授权可以使用NSF标志,因此凡经授权印有NSF标志的产品意味着该产品在如下方面得到确认:1、可以达到该产品说明书中标注的祛除杂质的能力;2、组成该产品的材料不会在处理水的过程中向水中添加污染成份;3、符合设计与生产工艺要求;4、产品不存在结构与功能性缺陷;5、产品的广告、样本资料及标识所示的认证标准是真实准确的。
NSF认证系统对行内人士、消费者和生产制造单位意义重大。
由NSF这个公众及政府一致认可的可信、客观和独立的第三方监控机构,已经测试而且查证检定产品遵从特定的标准,这代表着有该标识的产品是经过严格测试而且是对消费者有保证的。
MEMORANDUM OF AGREEMENT日期:以下称卖方,同意出售以下称买方,同意购买船名:船级社:建造时间:建造地:船旗国:登记港口:呼号:总吨/净吨注册号此合同的船舶遵循以下条款:定义“银行工作日或工作日或商业工作日”是指在(国家)银行营业的日期和第一条所订立的买船所使用货币的国家,以及第五条所订立的船舶准备就绪通知书的地方,和第八条所订立银行交割的地点。
“书面”系指有卖方或买方公司抬头的挂号信,电传,电报或其他方式的现代通讯方式。
“船级社”或“船级”是第4行所指明的船级社。
1.购船价格2.定金为确保本合同的正确执行,自买卖双方在传真中草签本合同之日或第十七条款中的先决条件取消后起的三个银行工作日内,买方将购船款的10%作为定金支付到卖方所指定的xx银行(地址省略)的联合帐户内。
该定金将保留在上述银行的买卖双方的联名账户中,收到双方联名的书面指示后才会放款。
由此定金而产生的利息,应归入买方。
因保持和建立联合帐户而产生的任何银行费用则由买卖双方平均分担。
3.付款方式上述买船价款,不扣除银行费用,须在交船时支付给在船舶根据本合同条款在各个方面实际备妥并且按照第5条就绪通知书递交后,购船款及其他款项应在不迟于3个银行工作日内,无任何银行费用地递交到卖方指定之银行帐户用来交换为注册中国籍所需要的合理的交船文件。
4.验船a)*买方已检查并接受船舶的船级记录。
买方已在___(日期)在___(地点)对船舶进行检查。
买方根据该检查已接受船舶,那么船舶买卖关系即告确立,这仅限于此合同的条款。
b)*买方有权检查该船的船级记录,并在___(时间)内宣布是否予以接受,卖方应在____(地方)为买方安排船舶检查。
买方保证检验不应给船舶造成不合理的延误。
如果买方造成了此种延误,则应补偿卖方因此遭受的损失。
在检验期间,船舶的轮机日志和甲板航海日志应提供给买方查阅。
在进行了漂浮检验之后如果船舶被接受,即卖方在买方完成检验后的72小时内收到书面或电传通知,本交易即为确定和无条件的,仅受本合同条款约束。
呼吸机说明书的中英文对照表Volume Control 容量控制,简称VC基础通气模式之一,预设潮气量,呼吸频率,通气效率保证,气道压力可变IPPV Intermittent Positive Pressure Ventilation 间歇气道正压通气Drager产的呼吸机上的叫法,其实就是容量控制通气Pressure Control 压力控制,简称PC基础通气模式之一,预设吸气压力,呼吸频率,气道压力固定,潮气量可变A/C Assist/ Control 辅助/控制通气基础通气模式之一,允许患者自主触发辅助通气,目前的呼吸机上的容量控制和压力控制通气都有A/C的含义SIMV Synchronized Intermittent Mandatory Ventilation 同步间歇指令通气混合模式,同步给予强制或辅助通气,间歇期允许患者自主呼吸或触发支持通气PSV Pressure Support Ventilation 压力支持通气支持模式,所有呼吸均由患者触发,呼吸机给予正压支持ASB Assisted Spontaneous Breathing 辅助自主呼吸Drager呼吸机上的叫法,其实就是PSVBIPAP Biphasic Positive Airway Pressure 双水平气道正压Drager呼吸机首创模式,两个气道正压周期性转换,产生潮气量,同时允许患者在两个压力水平上自主呼吸BiPAP Bilevel Positive Airway Pressure 双相气道正压伟康无创呼吸机专有模式,吸气相和呼气相交替切换两个压力水平,无创通气模式注:目前对于BIPAP和BiPAP的中文译名存在一定混乱,这里采用Drager呼吸机说明书上的说法,可能有的文献命名方法完全相反,个人感觉搞清楚两者的区别比纠缠名字更有意义APRV Airway Pressure Release Ventilation 气道压力释放通气BIPAP的一种形式,低压相时间特别短,欧洲也把APRV与BIPAP通用CPAP Continuous Positive Airway Pressure 持续气道正压自主呼吸模式,呼吸机只给予一个持续的正压,患者自主完成呼吸过程PRVC Pressure Regulated Volume Control 压力调节容量控制双重控制模式,MAQUET Servo呼吸机首创,预设潮气量,呼吸机自动调节吸气压力,保证以最低的压力输送预设潮气量APV Adaptive Pressure Ventilation 适应性压力通气Hamilton呼吸机上的叫法,与PRVC相似VTPC Volume Target Pressure Control 容量目标压力通气Newport呼吸机上的叫法,与PRVC相似VAPS Volume Assured Pressure Support 容量保障压力支持鸟牌呼吸机上的双控模式,在一次呼吸内,如果指定时间内未输送完预设潮气量,即转为压力支持直至潮气量完成Paug 压力扩增熊牌呼吸机上的双控模式,与VAPS相似VSV Volume Support Ventilation 容量支持通气双重控制模式,与PRVC 不同处在于所有的呼吸必须由患者自己触发MMV Minute Mandatory Ventilation 分钟指令通气预设目标分钟通气量,当实际通气量不足时呼吸机给予指令通气,保证达到预设通气量目标ASV Adaptive Support Ventilation 适应性支持通气闭合环通气模式,呼吸机自动调节支持水平,使得患者处在预设的“理想通气范围”内PAV Proportional Assist Ventilation 成比例辅助通气PB以及Stephanie呼吸机上的一种模式,呼吸机监测气道阻力和顺应性变化,间接判断患者吸气努力大小,并成比例的给予通气辅助PPS Proportional Pressure Support 成比例压力支持Drager呼吸机上的特有模式,与PAV相似accumulator贮气箱(装置)adap ter接合器,接口adjusting tap 调节柄air inlet filter空气输入滤过器airway p ressure 呼吸道压alarm indicator报警显示alveolar p ressure肺泡内压amp lifier增幅唇apnea呼吸暂停apnea indicator呼吸暂停显示装置assembly装置、组合assist/controlmode,A /C辅助/控制通气back - up ventilation备用通气bacterial filter细菌滤过器bag 囊ballon valve球囊式活瓣bellows风箱bleed regulator排气调节器blower鼓风机calibration校准、定标chamber腔check valve 单向阀compensator代偿装置comp ressor压缩器、压缩装置continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP)持续呼吸道正压continuous flow持续气流control knob调节炳cooling fan冷却扇corrugated hose螺纹管、呼吸管道crossover soleniod交通电磁阀delay dial 廷迟设定demand flow按需气流demand valve按需供气阀diaphragm 隔膜digital amp lifer数字型增幅器drive system驱动系统electrical switch电子开关electrodynamic valve电动阀exhaled gas呼出气exhalation time呼出时间exhalation valve呼出阀exhaust valve气体排出活瓣(阀)exp ired minute volume呼气分钟通气量feed back servocontrol反馈伺服控制filling solenoid 充气电磁阀(气流开关)filter滤过器flap valve平行阀flow control valve流量控制(调节)阀flowrate流速flow transducer流量传感器flow trigger流量触发(器)flush knob冲洗按键gas outlet气体出口gas samp ing pump 气体采样泵gas supp ly气体供应generated p ressure驱动压SPONT = CPAPPSV = CPAP + 吸气压力支持(举例来说,CPAP=5cm H2O,那么患者在吸气和呼气的时候,气道内的压力都是5cm H2O;PSV模式下,如果PS=5,PEEP=5cm H2O,那么在呼气相的时候气道内的压力为5cm H2O,吸气相的时候气道内的压力为10cm H2O,也就是患者在吸气的时候得到了5cm H2O的压力支持。
细菌生化鉴定目录(中英文对照)VITEK 2 GN鉴定卡成分目录孔号缩写英文名称中文名称2APPA Ala-Phe-Pro-ARYLAMIDASE丙氨酸-苯丙氨酸-脯氨酸芳胺酶3ADO ADONITOL侧金盏花醇4PyrA L-Pyrrolydonyl-ARYLAMIDASE吡咯烷基芳胺酶5lARL L-ARABITOL L-阿拉伯醇7dCEL D-CELLOBIOSE D-纤维二糖9BGAL BETA-GALACTOSIDASEβ-半乳糖苷酶10H2S H2S PRODUCTION H2S产生11BNAG BETA-N-ACETYL-GLUCOSAMINIDASEβ-N-乙酰葡萄糖苷酶12AGLTp Glutamyl Arylamidase pNA谷氨酰芳胺酶13dGLU D-GLUCOSE D-葡萄糖14GGT GAMMA-GLUTAMYL-TRANSFERASEγ-谷氨酰转移酶15OFF FERMENTATION/ GLUCOSE葡萄糖发酵17BGLU BETA-GLUCOSIDASEβ-葡萄糖苷酶18dMAL D-MALTOSE D-麦芽糖19dMAN D-MANNITOL D-甘露醇20dMNE D-MANNOSE D-甘露糖21BXYL BETA-XYLOSIDASEβ-木糖苷酶22BAlap BETA-Alanine arylamidase pNAβ-丙氨酸芳胺酶23ProA L-Proline ARYLAMIDASE L-脯氨酸芳胺酶26LIP LIPASE脂酶27PLE PALATINOSE古老糖29TyrA Tyrosine ARYLAMIDASE酪氨酸芳胺酶31URE UREASE尿素酶32dSOR D-SORBITOL D-山梨醇33SAC SACCHAROSE/SUCROSE蔗糖34dTAG D-TAGATOSE D-塔格糖35dTRE D-TREHALOSE D-海藻糖36CIT CITRATE(SODIUM)柠檬酸盐(钠)37MNT MALONATE丙二酸盐395KG5-KETO-D-GLUCONATE5-酮-葡萄糖苷40lLATk L-LACTATE alkalinisation乳酸盐产碱41AGLU ALPHA-GLUCOSIDASEα-葡萄糖42SUCT SUCCINATE alkalinisation琥珀酸盐产碱43NAGA Beta-N-ACETYL-GALACTOSAMINIDASE N-乙酰-β-半乳糖氨酶44AGAL ALPHA-GALACTOSIDASEα-半乳糖苷酶45PHOS PHOSPHATASE磷酸酶46GlyA Glycine ARYLAMIDASE氨基乙酸芳胺酶47ODC ORNITHINE DECARBOXYLASE鸟氨酸脱羧酶48LDC LYSINE DECARBOXYLASE赖氨酸脱羧酶520DEC DECARBOXYLASE BASE脱羧酶阴性控制53lHISa L-HISTIDINE assimilation组氨酸同化56CMT COURMARATE COURMARATE57BGUR BETA-GLUCORONIDASEβ-葡萄糖苷酸酶58O129R O/129 RESISTANCE (comp.vibrio.)O/129耐受59GGAA Glu-Gly-Arg-ARYLAMIDASE谷氨酸-甘氨酸-精氨酸芳胺酶61lMLTa L-MALATE assimilation L-苹果酸盐同化62ELLM ELLMAN ELLMAN64lLATa L-LACTATE assimilation L-乳酸盐同化孔号缩写英文名称中文名称3LysA L-Lysine-ARYLAMIDASE L-赖氨酸芳胺酶4lMLTa L-MALATE assimilation L-苹果酸同化5LeuA Leucine-ARYLAMIDASE亮氨酸芳胺酶7ARG ARGININE GP精氨酸GP10ERYa ERYTHRITOL assimilation赤藻糖醇同化12GLYLa GLYCEROL assimilation丙三醇同化13TyrA Tyrosine ARYLAMIDASE酪氨酸芳胺酶14BNAG BETA-N-ACETYL-GLUCOSAMINIDASEβ-N-乙酰葡萄糖胺酶15ARBa ARBUTINE assimilation杨梅酸同化18AMYa AMYGADLINE assimilation苦杏仁苷同化19dGALa D-GALACTOSE assimilationα-半乳糖同化20GENa GENTIOBIOSE assimilation龙胆二糖同化21dGLUa D-GLUCOSE assimilation D-葡萄糖同化23LACa LACTOSE assimilation乳糖同化24MadGa METHYL-A-D-GLUCOPYRANOSIDE assimilation甲基葡萄糖甙同化26dCELa D-CELLOBIOSE assimilation D-纤维二糖同化27GGT GAMMA-GLUTAMYL-TRANSFERASEγ-谷氨酰转移酶28dMALa D-MALTOSE assimilation D-麦芽糖同化29dRAFa D-RAFFINOSE assimilation D-棉子糖同化30NAGA1PNP-N-acetyl-BD-galactosaminidase1PNP-N-乙酰-BD-半乳糖氨酶32dMNEa D-MANNOSE assimilation D-甘露糖同化33dMELa D-MELIBIOSE assimilation D-蜜二糖同化34dMLZa D-MELEZITOSE assimilation D-松三糖同化38lSBEa L-SORBOSE assimilation D-山梨糖同化39lRHAa L-RHAMNOSE assimilation L-鼠李糖同化40XLTa XYLITOL assimilation木糖醇同化42dSORa D-SORBITOL assimilation D-山梨醇同化44SACa SACCHAROSE/SUCROSE assimilation蔗糖同化45URE UREASE尿素酶46AGLU ALPHA-GLUCOSIDASEα-葡萄糖苷酶47dTURa D-TURANOSE assimilation D-羽红糖同化48dTREa D-TREHALOSE assimilation D-海藻糖同化49NO3a NITRATE assimilation硝酸盐同化51lARAa L-ARABINOSE assimilation L-阿拉伯糖同化52dGATa D-GALACTURONATE assimilation D-半乳糖醛同化53ESC ESCULIN hydrolyse七叶灵水解54lGLTa L-GLUTAMATE assimilation L-谷氨酸盐同化55dXYLa D-XYLOSE assimilation木糖同化56LATa DL-LACTATE assimilation DL-乳酸盐同化58ACEa ACETATE assimilation醋酸盐同化59CITa CITRATE(SODIUM) assimilation柠檬酸盐同化60GRTas GLUCURONATE assimilation葡糖醛酸同化61lPROa L-PROLINE assimilation L-脯氨酸同化622Kga2-KETO-D-GLUCONATE assimilation2-酮基-葡萄糖酸盐同化63NAGa N-ACETYL-GLUCOSAMINE assimilation N-乙酰-氨基葡萄糖同化64dGNTa D-GLUCONATE assimilation D-葡萄糖酸盐同化缩写英文名称中文名称dGAL D-GALACTOSE D-半乳糖BGALi BETA-GALACTOPYR ANOSIDASE Indoxylβ-半乳糖吡喃苷酶吲哚酚LeuA Leucine ARYLAMIDASE亮氨酸芳胺酶AARA ALPHA-ARABINOSIDASE阿拉伯糖苷酶ELLM ELLMAN ELLMANAGALi5-Bromo-4-chloro-3-indoxyl-alpha-galactoside5-溴-4-氯-3-羟基吲哚-a-半乳糖苷PheA Phenylalanine ARYLAMIDASE苯丙氨酸芳胺酶BMAN BETA-MANNOSIDASE b-甘露糖苷酶ProA L-Proline ARYLAMIDASE L-脯氨酸芳胺酶ARG ARGININE GP精氨酸GPPyrA L-Pyrrolydonyl-ARYLAMIDASE吡咯烷基芳胺酶PVATE PYRUVATE丙酮酸盐dCEL D-CELLOBIOSE D-纤维二糖MTE MALTOTRIOSE麦芽三糖TyrA Tyrosine ARYLAMIDASE酪氨酸芳胺酶ESC ESCULIN hydrolyse七叶灵水解酶APPA Ala-Phe-Pro ARYLAMIDASE丙氨酸-苯丙氨酸-脯氨酸芳胺酶BdFUC BETA-D-FUCOSIDASE b-D-岩藻糖苷酶dGLU D-GLUCOSE D-葡萄糖BNAGi5-Bromo-4-chloro-3-indoxyl-beta-N-acetyl-glucosamide5-溴-4-氯-3-羟基吲哚-b-N-乙酰-葡糖胺dMNE D-MANNOSE D-甘露糖AMANi5-Bromo-4-chloro-3-indoxyl-alpha-mannoside5-溴-4-氯-3-羟基吲哚-a-甘露糖苷dMAL D-MALTOSE D-麦芽糖AlFUC ALPHA-L-FUCOSIDASE a-岩藻糖苷酶SAC SACCHAROSE/SUCROSE蔗糖PHOS PHOSPHATASE磷酸酶ARB ARBUTIN杨梅酸lARA L-ARABINOSE L-阿拉伯糖NAG N-ACETYL-D-GLUCOSAMINE N-乙酰-D-葡萄糖胺dRIB2d-Ribose2d-核糖2BGLUi5-Bromo-4-chloro-3-indoxyl-beta-glucoside5-溴-4-氯-3-羟基吲哚-苯基磷酸盐-b-葡糖苷OPS Phenylphosphonate苯基磷酸盐URE UREASE尿素酶AARAF ALPHA-L-ARABINOFUR ANOSIDASE a-L-阿拉伯糖苷酶BGURi5-Bromo-4-chloro-3-indoxyl-beta-glucuronide5-溴-4-氯-3-羟基吲哚-b-葡萄糖苷酸dXYL D-XYLOSE D-木糖VITEK 2 BCL鉴定卡成分目录缩写中文名称缩写中文名称BXYLβ-木糖苷酶dMAN D-甘露醇LysA L-赖氨酸芳胺酶dMNE D-甘露糖AspA L-天冬氨酸芳胺酶dMLZ D-松三糖LeuA亮氨酸芳胺酶NAG N-乙酰-D-葡萄糖氨PheA苯丙氨酸芳胺酶PLE古老糖ProA脯氨酸芳胺酶IRHA L-鼠李糖BGALβ-半乳糖苷酶BGLUβ-葡萄糖苷酶PyrA吡咯烷基芳胺酶BMANβ-甘露糖苷酶AGALα-半乳糖苷酶PHC磷酰基维生素B AlaA 丙氨酸芳胺酶PVATE丙酮酸盐TyrA酪氨酸芳胺酶AGLUα-葡萄糖苷酶BNAG N-乙酰-β-D-葡萄糖氨酶dTAG D-塔格糖APPA丙氨酸-苯丙氨酸-脯氨酸芳胺dTRE D-海藻糖酶CDEX CYCLODEXTRINE INU菊粉dGAL D-半乳糖dGLU D-葡萄糖GLYG糖元dRIB D-核糖INO肌醇PSCNa腐胺同化MdG甲基葡萄糖甙酸化NaCI6.5%6.5%氯化钠生长ELLM ELLMAN KAN卡那霉素耐受MdX甲基-D-木糖苷OLD竹桃霉素耐受AMANα-甘露糖苷酶ESC七叶灵水解MTE麦芽三糖TTZ多粘菌素B耐药GlyA氨基酸芳胺酶POLYB_R多粘菌素B耐受担子basidium半担子hemibasidium隔担子heterobasidium无隔担子holobasidium有隔担子phragmobasidium内生担子endobasidium原担子protobasidium上担子epibasidium下担子hypobasidium同担子homobasidium担子果basidiocarp担子体basidiophore配子gamete原配子progamete雄配子androgamete雄核发育androgenesis同形配子isogamete异形配子heterogamete游动配子zoogamete多核配子coenogamete配子囊gametangium配子母细胞gametocyte同形配子囊isogametangium 原配子囊progametangium 小孢子囊sporangiole微包囊microcyst足细胞foot cell脚胞foot cell固着器holdfast附着枝hyphopodium吸盘sucker锁状细胞Clamp cell锁状联合clamp connection 偶核细胞zeugite卵球oosphere卵质ooplasm孢原质sporoplasm卵配子oogamete卵孢子oospore球状胞sphaerocyst子囊腔locule子囊盘apothecium子囊座ascostroma缝裂壳hysterothecium 下子座hypostroma包被peridium子座stroma壳心centrum拟包被pseudoperidium 无融合生殖apomixes同宗配合homothallism准性生殖parasexuality异宗配合heterothallism同配生殖isogamy异配生殖heterogamy无配生殖apogamy配囊交配gametangial copulation 交配型mating type 全型holomorph夏孢子期uredostage冬孢子堆teleutosorus, telium夏孢子堆uredinium子囊孢子形成ascosporulation孢子形成sporulation细菌bacteria薄壁[细]菌类gracilicutes硬壁[细]菌类fermicutes疵壁[细]菌类mendosicutes无壁[细]菌类tenericutes柔膜细菌mollicutes真细菌eubacteria暗细菌scotobacteria无氧光细菌anoxyphotobacteria生氧光细菌oxyphotobacteria放线菌actinomycetes螺[旋]菌spirilla粘细菌slime bacteria鞘细菌sheathed bacteria柄细菌caulobacteria弧菌vibrio根瘤细菌root nodule bacteria硫酸盐还原菌sulfate reducting bacteria 硫细菌sulfur bacteria 铁细菌Iron bacteria紫色无硫细菌purple nonsulfur bacteria 产甲烷菌methanogen 硝化细菌nitrobacteria反硝化细菌denitrifying bacteria固氮细菌nitrogen fixing bacteria 甲基营养菌methylotrophic bacteria 产乙酸菌acetogen同型[产]乙酸细菌homoacetogenic bacteria光合作用细菌photosynthetic bacteria产氢产乙酸细菌hydrogen-producing acetogenic bacteria 同型发酵乳酸菌homofermentative lactic bacteria异型发酵乳酸菌heterofermentative lactic bacteria产氢菌hydrogenogens产气菌aerogen不产气菌anaerogen发光细菌luminous bacteria产色细菌Chromogenic bacteria化能异养菌Chemoheterotrophic bacteria化能自养菌chemoautotrophic bacteria光能异养菌Photoheterotrophic bacteria光能自养菌Photoautotrophic bacteria化能有机营养菌chemoorganotrophic bacteria 化能无机营养菌Chemolithotrophic bacteria 光能有机营养菌Photoorganotrophic bacteria 光能无机营养菌Photolithotrophic bacteria有机营养菌Organotrophic bacteria。
NYPE'93(中文对照)租约代号:“NYPE 93”波罗的海国际航运公会推荐美国国家船舶经纪人与代理人协会联合会定期租船合同纽约土产交易所格式美国船舶经纪人与代理人协会发行1913年11月6日制定,经1921年10月20日,1931年8月6日,1946年10月3日,1981年6月12日,1993年9月14日修订本租船合同于-—-——--—-—-年———-———-月—---————日由下述-———---—-———船舶的所有人-—--—--—-与承租人————--—----签订。
船舶说明船名:——--—--—--—;船旗:-—-—-—---————;于——-—--—--——-年建造;登记港-—-----—-;登记号—--—-——-;船舶在—-—--———-入级,船级为———--—-——;按夏季干舷高度,船舶海水吃水为---—-——-—,载重量(货物和燃料,包括不超过——-—---—-——长吨*/公吨*的淡水和物料)为-——---——-—-长吨*/公吨*;散装容积为-——--—-—-—-——-立方英尺;包装容积为——-—--—————-—--立方英尺;船舶吨位为-——-—-————总吨/总登记吨;在良好天气条件下,风力达到包括最大风力蒲福—-———----—级,船舶满载航行时船速大约--—---—-———节,消耗大约-—--—-———-—长吨*/公吨*的—--————-(燃油).*适当地删除。
1.租期上述出租人同意出租,上述承租人同意租用上述船舶,从交船时起算,租期为—-—--——,并在下述航行区域内使用船舶.2.交船船舶在————-—-—(地点)置于承租人控制之下。
在交船时,船舶应作好接受货物的准备,货舱须打扫干净,船体紧密,坚实,牢固,并在各个方面适合于普通货物的运输。
船舶应装备有压载水舱,同时具有启动所有装货设备的足够的动力。
出租人应在—--—----—天之前向承租人递交预计交付船舶的日期的通知。
COUNCIL DIRECTIVE 93/42/EECof 14 June 19931993 年 6 月 14 日理事会第 93/42/EEC 号指令concerning medical devices关于医疗器械更改历史记录:z M1 Directive 98/79/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of L 331 1 7.12.199827 October 1998z M2 Directive 2000/70/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of L 313 22 13.12.200016 November 2000z M3 Directive 2001/104/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council L 6 50 10.1.2002of 7 December 2001z M4 Regulation (EC) No 1882/2003 of the European Parliament and of the L 284 1 31.10.2003 Council of 29 September 2003z M5 Directive 2007/47/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of L 247 21 21.9.20075 September 2007THE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES,欧洲共同体理事会Having regard to the Treaty establishing the European Economic Community, and in particular Article 100a thereof,依据欧洲经济体所制订的罗马条约, 特别是第 100a 条规定Having regard to the proposal from the Commission依据执委会的建议案In cooperation with the European Parliament配合欧洲议会Having regard to the opinion of the Economic and Social Committee,依据经济暨社会委员会的意见Whereas measures should be adopted in the context of the internal market; whereas the internal market is an area without internal frontiers in which the free movement of goods, persons, services and capital is ensured;鉴于内部市场的完成应采取一些措施; 鉴于内部市场是一无内部疆界的区域, 区域内的货物, 人员, 服务及资金应可自由流通Whereas the content and scope of the laws, regulations and administrative provisions in force in the Member States with regard to the safety, health protection and performance characteristics of medical devices are different; whereas the certification and inspection procedures for such devices differ from one Member State to another; whereas such disparities constitute barriers to trade within the Community;鉴于各会员国间现存有关医疗器械的安全, 对健康的保护及使用特性方面的法律, 法规及行政命令的内容与范围不尽相同; 鉴于各会员国对此器械的验证及检验程序也不相同; 鉴于前述的分歧将阻碍共同体内的贸易活动;Whereas the national provisions for the safety and health protection of patients, users and, where appropriate, other persons, with regard to the use of medical devices should be harmonized in order to guarantee the free movement of such devices within the internal markert;鉴于医疗器械的使用对病患, 使用者, 甚至其他人有关安全及健康保护的相关国家规定应加以调和, 以保证此类器械在内部市场能自由流通;Whereas the harmonized provisions must be distinguished from the measures adopted by the Member States to manage the funding of public health and sickness insurance schemes relating directly or indirectly to such devices; whereas, therefore, the provisions do not affect the ability of the Member States to implement the abovementioned measures provided Community law is complied with;鉴于调和的规定必然与各会员国采取的部分措施有所不同, 这些措施是为筹措公共健康与疾病保险计划的基金, 且直接或间接与医疗器械有关; 鉴于共同体若与上述措施相符, 则这些规定并不影响会员国落实上述措施的能力;Whereas medical devices should provide patients, users and third parties with a high level of protection and attain the performance levels attributed to them by the manufacturer; whereas, therefore, the maintenance or improvementof the level of protection attained in the Member States is one of the essential objectives of this Directive;鉴于医疗器械应提供病患, 使用者及第三者高度的保护, 且应该达到厂商所要求的性能水准; 鉴于维持或改进各会员国对病患等保护的程度乃本指令目的的一;Whereas certain medical devices are intended to administer medicinal products within the meaning of CouncilDirective 65/65/EEC of 26 January 1965 on the approximation of provisions laid down by law, regulation or administrative action relating to proprietary medicinal products; whereas, in such cases, the placing on the market of the medical device as a general rule is governed by the present Directive and the placing on the market of the medicinal product is governed by Directive 65/65/EEC; whereas if, however, such a device is placed on the market in such a way that the device and the medicinal product form a single integral unit which is intended exclusively for use in the given combination and which is not reusable, that single-unit product shall be governed by Directive 65/65/EEC; whereas a distinction must be drawn between the abovementioned devices and medical devices incorporating, inter alia, substances which, if used separately, may be considered to be a medicinal substance within the meaning of Directive 65/65/EEC; whereas in such cases, if the substances incorporated in the medical devices are liable to act upon the body with action ancillary to that of the device, the placing of the devices on the market is governed by this Directive; whereas, in this context, the safety, quality and usefulness of the substances must be verified by analogy with the appropriate methods specified in Council Directive75/318/EEC of 20 May 1975 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to analyticalpharmaco-toxicological and clinical standards and protocols in respect of the testing of proprietary medicinal products;鉴于部分医疗器械是符合 1965 年 1 月 26 日理事会第 65/65/EEC 号指令, 与专卖医药产品有关的法律, 法规或管理行为所订的实施规定, 鉴于医疗器械的上市基本上由本指令规范, 但医疗产品的上市则受 65/65/EEC 号指令规范; 鉴于若有某种器械须与其他医疗产品组成一完整的产品而上市销售, 使用, 且无法二次使用时, 则该组合产品应受65/65/EEC号指令规范; 鉴于前述的医疗器械和包含医疗物质且该物质单独使用时符合 65/65/EEC 号指令规定的医疗器械应加以区别; 鉴于前述包含于医疗器械的医疗物质若对人体产生作用以辅助医疗器械的作用时, 则该医疗器械的上市应由本指令规范; 鉴于1975 年 5 月 20 日 75/318/EEC 号理事会指令[制定各会员国在测试专利医疗产品方面有关分析药物毒性和临床的标准及调查书的法律调和], 医疗物质的安全, 品质及效用在前述情况下则须依该指令明定的适当方法加以证实;Whereas the essential requirements and other requirements set out in the Annexes to this Directive, including any reference to ‘minimizing’ or ‘reducing’ risk must be interpreted and applied in such a way as to take account of technology and practice existing at the time of design and of technical and economical considerations compatible with a high level of protection of health and safety;鉴于本指令附录所订的基本要求及其他要求, 包括[最低]或[降低]危险部分的应用, 应考虑设计当时的科技及实施情形,并在符合健康和安全高度保护的原则下考虑技术及经济的因素;Whereas, in accordance with the principles set out in the Council resolution of 7 May 1985 concerning a new approach to technical harmonization and standardization, rules regarding the design and manufacture of medical devices must be confined to the provisions required to meet the essential requirements; whereas, because they are essential, such requirements should replace the corresponding national provisions;鉴于为符合 1985 年 5 月 7 日理事会决议中有关技术调和与标准化新方针所订定的原则, 有关医疗器械的设计及执照应遵守相关条款以符合基本要求; 鉴于这些要求属基本要求, 所以应取代对应的国家规定;whereas the essential requirements should be applied with discretion to take account of the technological level existing at the time of design and of technical and economic considerations compatible with a high level of protection of health and safety;鉴于基本要求的落实应谨慎考虑设计当时的科技水准, 并在符合健康和安全高度保护的原则下考虑技术及经济的因素;Whereas Council Directive 90/385/EEC of 20 June 1990 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to active implantable medical devices is the first case of application of the new approach to the field of medical devices; whereas in the interest of uniform Community rules applicable to all medical devices, this Directive is based largely on the provisions of Directive 90/385/EEC; whereas for the same reasons Directive 90/385/EEC must be amended to insert the general provisions laid down in this Directive;鉴于 1990 年 6 月 20 日通过的 90/385/EEC 号[各会员国有关主动植入式医疗器械法律调和] 的理事会指令是第一个应用在医疗器械方面的新方法指令; 鉴于为使共同体规定适用于所有的医疗器械, 本指令基本上是以 90/385/EEC 号指令的条款为依据; 鉴于 90/385/EEC 号指令,因此也必须增加本指令所列的一般条款的部分;Whereas the electromagnetic compatibility aspects form an integral part of the safety of medical devices; whereas this Directive should contain specific rules on this subject with regard to Council Directive 89/336/EEC of 3 May 1989 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to electromagnetic compatibility;鉴于医疗器械的电磁相容性是整个产品安全的一部分; 鉴于本指令因此须包括 1989 年 5 月 3 日 89/336/EEC 号[各会员国有关电磁相容性法律调和]的理事会指令中所制订的特定规定;Whereas this Directive should include requirements regarding the design and manufacture of devices emitting ionizing radiation; whereas this Directive does not affect the authorization required by Council Directive 80/836/Euratom of 15 July 1980 amending the Directives laying down the basic safety standards for the health protection of the general public and workers against the dangers of ionizing radiation, nor application of Council Directive 84/466/Euratom of 3 September 1984 laying down basic measures for the radiation protection of persons undergoing medical examination or treatment; whereas Council Directive 89/391/EEC of 12 June 1989 on the introduction of measures to encourage improvements in the safety and health of workers at work and the specific directives on the same subject should continue to apply;鉴于本指令应包含释放电离辐射医疗器械设计及制造的相关要求;鉴于本指令不影响 1980年7月15日80/836/Euratom理事会指令所需要的授权, 该指令目的在修订为保护大众及工作人员健康, 防止电离辐射危险而制订基本安全标准的其他指令; 本指令亦不影响 1984 年 9 月 3 日 84/466/Euratom 号[制订保护人员在医疗检查或治疗中不受辐射影响的基本方法] 理事会指令的适用; 鉴于 1989 年 6 月 12 日 89/391/EEC 号理事会指令[鼓励改善工作场所中工人的安全与健康]及其他相关主题的指令应持续适用;Whereas, in order to demonstrate conformity with the essential requirements and to enable conformity to be verified, it is desirable to have harmonized European standards to protect against the risks associated with the design, manufacture and packaging of medical devices; whereas such harmonized European standards are drawn up by private-law bodies and should retain their status as non-mandatory texts; whereas, to this end, the European Committee for Standardization (CEN) and the European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization (Cenelec) are recognized as the competent bodies for the adoption of harmonized standards in accordance with the general guidelines on cooperation between the Commission and these two bodies signed on 13 November 1984;鉴于为证明符合基本要求并使该符合性得以落实, 有必要建立调和的欧洲标准, 以避免医疗器械在设计, 制造及包装上所可能带来的危险, 鉴于调和的欧洲标准由私人立法机构制订, 而且应维持自愿性质; 鉴于欧洲标准化委员会(CEN) 及欧洲电工标准化委员会(CENELEC) 被认为是制订调和标准有能力的团体(competent bodies),而此标准符合 1984 年 11 月 13 日执委会与上述两团体所签订的合作纲要为基础的一般指导原则;Whereas, for the purpose of this Directive, a harmonized standard is a technical specification (European standard or harmonization document) adopted, on a mandate from the Commission, by either or both of these bodies in accordance with Council Directive 83/189/EEC of 28 March 1983 laying down a procedure for the provision of information in the field of technical standards and regulations, and pursuant to the abovementioned general guidelines; whereas with regard to possible amendment of the harmonized standards, the Commission should be assisted by the Committee set up pursuant to Directive 83/189/EEC; whereas the measures to be taken must be defined in line with procedure I, as laid down in Council Decision 87/373/EEC; whereas, for specific fields, what already exists in the form of European Pharmacopoeia monographs should be incorporated within the framework of this Directive; whereas, therefore, several European Pharmacopoeia monographs may be considered equal to the abovementioned harmonized standards;鉴于为达本指令目的, 调和标准是前述机构接获理事会命令后, 依理事会 1983 年 3 月 28 日通过的 83/189/EEC 号指令[有关制订技术标准及法规资讯提供的程序]而采纳的技术规范(欧洲标准或调和文件, 符合前述一般纲要的规定 ; 鉴于调和标准的修正有赖于 83/189/EE 号指令建立的委员会的协助; 鉴于应采取的措施须依照理事会 87/378/EEC 号指令程序一的规定; 鉴于特殊领域中现存的欧洲药典专题论文应纳入本指令的架构中; 因此数篇欧洲药典专题论文将视其与前述调和标准有着同等的效力;Whereas, in Decision 90/683/EEC of 13 December 1990 concerning the modules for the various phases of the conformity assessment procedures which are intended to be used in the technical harmonization directives, the Council has laid down harmonized conformity assessment procedures; whereas the application of these modules to medical devices enables the responsibility of manufacturers and notified bodies to be determined during conformity assessment procedures on the basis of the type of devices concerned; whereas the details added to these modules are justified by the nature of the verification required for medical devices;鉴于理事会在1990 年 12 月 13 日通过的90/683/EEC号[有关技术调和指令适用的符合评鉴程序各阶段模式]决定中制定调和的符合评鉴程序; 鉴于这些模式于医疗器械的应用,可以依相关器械的型式决定制造商及公告机构在符合评鉴程序中应负的责任; 鉴于医疗器械的证明有必要在模式里增加细节的规定;Whereas it is necessary, essentially for the purpose of the conformity assessment procedures, to group the devices into four product classes; whereas the classification rules are based on the vulnerability of the human body taking account of the potential risks associated with the technical design and manufacture of the devices; whereas the conformity assessment procedures for Class I devices can be carried out, as a general rule, under the sole responsibility of the manufacturers in view of the low level of vulnerability associated with these products; whereas, for Class IIa devices, the intervention of a notified body should be compulsory at the production stage; whereas, for devices falling within Classes IIb and III which constitute a high risk potential, inspection by a notified body is required with regard to the design and manufacture of the devices; whereas Class III is set aside for the most critical devices for which explicit prior authorization with regard to conformity is required for them to be placed on the market;鉴于为达到符合评鉴的目的有必要将医疗器械分为四类; 鉴于分类是以考虑器械的技术设计及制造对易受伤的人体可能带来的危险程度为原则; 鉴于第 I 类医疗器械对人体可能产生的伤害较轻微,其符合性评鉴程序大致可由制造商完全负责执行; 鉴于对第 II(a)类医疗器械而言, 在生产阶段时公告机构的介入应属强制性质; 鉴于属于第 II(b)类及第 III 类的医疗器械对人体具有较高的潜在危险,因此在器械的设计及制造阶段必须有公告机构的检验;鉴于第III类的器械皆为较特别的器械, 其一致性需在上市的前获得明确授权;Whereas in cases where the conformity of the devices can be assessed under the responsibility of the manufacturer the competent authorities must be able, particularly in emergencies, to contact a person responsible for placing the device on the market and established in the Community, whether the manufacturer or another person established in the Community and designated by the manufacturer for the purpose;鉴于器械的一致性如能由制造商负责评鉴, 相关主管机关, 特别是紧急状况时, 应能联络到一位设于共同体内负责将器械在市场上销售的人员, 该人员可以是制造商本人或其他设于共同体内经制造商授权的人员;Whereas medical devices should, as a general rule, bear the CE mark to indicate their conformity with the provisions of this Directive to enable them to move freely within the Community and to be put into service in accordance with their intended purpose;鉴于医疗器械应附加 CE 标志, 表示其符合本指令的条款, 而得以在共同体市场上自由流通并依其设计的目的使用;Whereas, in the fight against AIDS and in the light of the conclusions of the Council adopted on 16 May 1989 regarding future activities on AIDS prevention and control at Community level, medical devices used for protection against the HIV virus must afford a high level of protection; whereas the design and manufacture of such products should be verified by a notified body;鉴于为抵抗爱滋病, 并顾及理事会于1989 年 5 月 16 日采纳有关共同体层次未来防止暨控制爱滋病相关活动的结论, 用于防止 HIV 病毒感染的医疗器械应提供人体高度的保护; 此类产品的设计及制造应由公告机构的证实;Whereas the classification rules generally enable medical devices to be appropriately classified; whereas, in view of the diverse nature of the devices and technological progress in this field, steps must be taken to include amongst the implementing powers conferred on the Commission the decisions to be taken with regard to the proper classification or reclassification of the devices or, where appropriate, the adjustment of the classification rules themselves;whereas since these issues are closely connected with the protection of health, it is appropriate that these decisions should come under procedure IIIa, as provided for in Directive 87/373/EEC;鉴于前述的分类原则大多可以适当地将医疗器械分类; 鉴于医疗器械性质及相关领域技术进步的性质各异, 因此必须采取一些措施以决定授予执委会的执行权力及有关器械的分类或再分类, 或者于适当时调整分类的原则; 鉴于上述的问题与人员健康的保护有着密切的关联, 因此这些决议应依照 87/373/EEC 号指令程序 IIIa 规定;Whereas the confirmation of complicance with the essential requirements may mean that clinical investigations have to be carried out under the responsibility of the manufacturer; whereas, for the purpose of carrying out the clinical investigations, appropriate means have to be specified for the protection of public health and public order;鉴于制造商有责任执行临床调查以证明其医疗器械符合安全要求; 因此为保证大众健康及秩序应明订执行临床调查的适当方法;Whereas the protection of health and the associated controls may be made more effective by means of medical device vigilance systems which are integrated at Community level;鉴于健康的保护及相关的管制方法以在共同体层次上建立一个医疗装置警戒系统为最有效;Whereas this Directive covers the medical devices referred to in Council Directive 76/764/EEC of 27 July 1976 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States on clinical mercury-in-glass, maximum reading thermometers; whereas the abovementioned Directive must therefore be repealed; whereas for the same reasons Council Directive 84/539/EEC on 17 September 1984 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to electro- medical equipment used in human or veterinary medicine must be amended,鉴于理事会于 1976 年 7 月 27 日通过 76/764/EEC 号[有关各会员国水银玻璃最高温度计法律调和] 的指令中所提及的医疗器械亦受本指令规范; 前述指令因此必须撤销;基于同样原因, 理事会 1984 年 9 月 17 日通过的 84/539/EEC 号指令[有关各会员国人类或动物医疗使用的电动医疗器械法律调和],HAS ADOPTED THIS DlRECTIVE:爰制订本指令:Article 1第 1 条Definitions, scope定义, 范围1. This Directive shall apply to medical devices and their accessories. For the purposes of this Directive, accessories shall be treated as medical devices in their own right. Both medical devices and accessories shall hereinafter be termed devices.本指令适用于医疗器械及其附属物. 附属物在本指令的适用范围内亦视其为医疗器械. 两者以下皆称器械.2. For the purposes of this Directive, the following definitions shall apply:为本指令的目地, 下列定义适用于:(a) ►M5‘medical device’ means any instrument, apparatus, appliance, software, material or other article, whether used alone or in combination, including the software intended by its manufacturer to be used specifically for diagnostic and/or therapeutic purposes and necessary for its proper application, intended by the manufacturer to be used for human beings for the purpose of:[医疗器械] 是指制造商预定用于人体以下目的的任何仪器、装置、器具、材料或其他物品,无论它们是单独使用还是组合使用,包括製造商預定的用於人體診斷和/或治療目的的軟體及為其正常使用所需的軟體:- diagnosis, prevention, monitoring, treatment or alleviation of disease,诊断, 预防, 追踪, 治疗或减轻疾病,- diagnosis, monitoring, treatment, alleviation of or compensation for an injury or handicap,诊断, 追踪, 治疗或修整伤处或残障部位,- investigation, replacement or modification of the anatomy or of a physiological process,解剖或生理过程中的检查, 换置或修正,- control of conception,生育控制,and which does not achieve its principal intended action in or on the human body by pharmacological,immunological or metabolic means, but which may be assisted in its function by such means;这些器械不可借药性, 免疫力或新陈代谢的方法在人体内达到其主要设计的目的, 但可用这些器械辅助其功能者;(b) ‘accessory’ means an article which whilst not being a device is intended specifically by its manufacturer to beused together with a device to enable it to be used in accordance with the use of the device intended by the manufacturer of the device;[附属物]是指本身不可独立使用的物品, 制造商设计附属件的目地是配合其他器械合并使用, 使该器械得以依其设计目地发生功用;(c) ‘device used for in vitro diagnosis’ means any device which is a reagent, reagent product, kit, instrument, equipment or system, whether used alone or in combination, intended by the manufacturer to be used in vitro forthe examination of samples derived from the human body with a view to providing information on thephysiological state, state of health or disease, or congenital abnormality thereof;[体外诊断用器械] 是指任何自成单位或与其他物件组合的任何试剂, 试剂品, 套装用具, 仪器, 设备或系统形态的器械. 这种器械是制造商设计作为检查人体组织标本用的器械, 以期能够提供有关其生理状况, 健康或生病或任何先天不正常等讯息;▼M1‘in vitro diagnostic medical device’ means any medical device which is a reagent, reagent product, calibrator, control material, kit, instrument, apparatus, equipment or system, whether used alone or in combination, intended by the manufacturer to be used in vitro for the examination of specimens, including blood and tissue donations, derived from the human body, solely or principally for the purpose of providing information:[体外诊断用器械] 是指任何试剂、校正物质、对照物质、检测仪器、装置、设备或系统的医疗器械,无论是单独或合并使用,由制造商指定其用途为用于体外检验采自人体的样本,例如受捐得到的血液,组织等,单独或主要用以提供以下相关信息者:—concerning a physiological or pathological state, or人体的生理或病理状态—concerning a congenital abnormality, or先天性畸形—to determine the safety and compatibility with potential recipients, or确定是否与潜在的受体相融合。
NYPE'93(中文对照)租约代号:“NYPE 93”波罗的海国际航运公会推荐美国国家船舶经纪人与代理人协会联合会定期租船合同纽约土产交易所格式美国船舶经纪人与代理人协会发行1913年11月6日制定,经1921年10月20日,1931年8月6日,1946年10月3日,1981年6月12日,1993年9月14日修订本租船合同于-----------年--------月--------日由下述------------船舶的所有人---------与承租人-----------签订。
船舶说明船名:-----------;船旗:-------------;于------------年建造;登记港---------;登记号--------;船舶在---------入级,船级为---------;按夏季干舷高度,船舶海水吃水为---------,载重量(货物和燃料,包括不超过-----------长吨*/公吨*的淡水和物料)为-----------长吨*/公吨*;散装容积为--------------立方英尺;包装容积为---------------立方英尺;船舶吨位为----------总吨/总登记吨;在良好天气条件下,风力达到包括最大风力蒲福----------级,船舶满载航行时船速大约-----------节,消耗大约-----------长吨*/公吨*的--------(燃油)。
*适当地删除。
1.租期上述出租人同意出租,上述承租人同意租用上述船舶,从交船时起算,租期为-------,并在下述航行区域内使用船舶。
2.交船船舶在--------(地点)置于承租人控制之下。
在交船时,船舶应作好接受货物的准备,货舱须打扫干净,船体紧密,坚实,牢固,并在各个方面适合于普通货物的运输。
船舶应装备有压载水舱,同时具有启动所有装货设备的足够的动力。
出租人应在---------天之前向承租人递交预计交付船舶的日期的通知。
NSF(National Sanitation Foundation)是一个美国非营利组织,致力于制定和推动一系列与公共健康和安全相关的标准。
NSF标准涵盖了多个领域,包括食品安全、饮用水质量、环境保护、建筑材料、医疗器械等。
以下是一些常见的NSF标准:
NSF/ANSI食品安全标准:
NSF/ANSI 61:饮用水系统组件的卫生要求。
NSF/ANSI 42:水处理设备的水质要求。
NSF/ANSI 51:食品设备材料的卫生要求。
NSF环境标准:
NSF P151:污水处理系统评估和验证。
NSF 140:绿色建筑材料评估标准。
NSF医疗器械标准:
NSF/ANSI 49:生物安全柜的设计、建造和性能标准。
NSF/ANSI 55:紫外线水处理系统的性能要求。
NSF认证和注册:
NSF认证是基于特定标准的第三方认证,证明产品或系统符合相关的健康和安全标准。
NSF注册通常涉及食品、水处理和其他领域的企业,是NSF认证的一种形式。
企业通过符合NSF标准,可以获得NSF认证,这有助于提升产品的市场竞争力,因为消费者通常认为NSF认证是对产品质量和安全性的保证。
在特定领域,如食品服务、水处理、医疗器械等,符合NSF标准也可能是法规和法律要求的一部分。
检测参数中英文对照表中文名称英文名称缩写脂肪Fat F非脂乳固体SNF S密度Density D乳糖Lactose L灰分(固形物)Solid SOL 蛋白质Proteins P含水量Added Water W 样品温度e T冰点Freez Point FP 酸碱度PH PH 电导率Conductivity C目录一、仪器配件 (3)二、功能和工作原理 (3)三、技术参数 (3)四、仪器结构 (4)五、注意事项 (6)六、检测操作说明 (6)七、清洗操作说明 (9)八、数值的修正 (9)九、常见的故障与排除方法 (12)一、仪器配件:编号描述数量1牛奶分析仪主机1台2PH探头1个3PH支架1个4电源1套5碱性清洗剂100g(蓝色袋子)1袋6酸性清洗剂100g(红色袋子)1袋7样品容器2个8操作手册1本9操作软件(选配)1张二、功能和工作原理本牛奶分析仪在挤奶、收奶、加工奶的过程中,可以快速检测牛奶里的脂肪、非脂乳固体、蛋白质、密度、乳糖、灰分、含水量、温度、冰点、酸碱度、电导率的含量。
本牛奶分析仪采用超声波工作原理。
三、技术参数1、工作模式第一种工作模式:检测牛奶第二种工作模式:检测羊奶第三种工作模式:检测超高温奶第四种工作模式:清洗模式2、检测范围及精度:脂肪:0.01%~25%, ±0.1%非脂乳固体:3%~15% ,±0.15%密度:1015~1040kg/m3,±0.3kg/m3蛋白质:2%~7%,±0.15%乳糖:0.01%~6%,±0.2%含水量:0%~70%,±3.0%样品温度:1℃~40℃,±1%冰点:-0.4℃~0.7℃,±0.001%灰分(固形物):0.4%~1.5%,±0.05%PH:0~14,±0.05电导率:2~14ms/cm,±0.05其中PH和电导率为可选项目3、工作环境空气温度:10~40℃湿度:30~80%电源:220V(110V)4、仪器重量尺寸240/220/100mm, 3.0kg5、持续工作时间不间断的6、每次检测样品体积25ml四、仪器结构图一:前视图1、柄(可选)2、显示屏3、向下按钮4、向上按钮5、PH探头(可选)6、PH支架(可选)7、功能键8、样品杯9、废样排出管10、吸管11、杯托架图二、后视图1、PH支架(可选)2、PH探头(可选)3、手柄(可选)4、PH计接口(可选)5、串口打印机接口(可选)6、串行RS232接口7、串行打印机电源接口8、12V电源输入接口9、电源开关10、电源适配器图三、接线示意五、注意事项1、仔细阅读操作使用说明书2、本仪器需要接地线,3、将仪器放置在一个安全的地方避免摔坏4、清洗仪器表面的时候,一定要先将仪器关机,拔掉电源,保持断电!5、请勿私自拆开仪器6、液态物质检测时要小心,要按操作说明安全操作六、检测操作说明1、将仪器放在通风的工作环境,请勿放在过热的地方。
nsf各标准介绍-回复什么是NSF(Reader Note: NSF是美国的非营利组织,旨在制定和推动公共健康和环境保护标准)?NSF International是一个独立的第三方非营利组织,为公共健康和安全提供全球性的保障。
NSF制定和推动一系列的标准,以确保产品的质量、安全和可持续性。
这些标准广泛应用于食品、饮用水、医疗器械、消费品和建筑材料等领域。
本文将重点介绍NSF制定的一些常见标准。
1. NSF/ANSI 42和53: 这两个标准分别适用于水处理设备和过滤器。
NSF/ANSI 42标准规定了过滤器是否能有效去除水中的颗粒物和污染物,以提供更清洁的饮用水。
而NSF/ANSI 53标准则进一步要求过滤器能去除更多的有害物质,如铅、汞和化学物质。
2. NSF/ANSI 61: 这个标准适用于饮用水系统组件。
它评估了这些组件对水质的影响,包括是否存在有害化学物质是否会被释放出来。
符合该标准的产品能提供更安全、更健康的饮用水。
3. NSF/ANSI 372: 这个标准用于衡量饮用水系统中铅的含量。
它规定了材料中铅的含量不得超过某个特定的限制水平,以确保饮用水的安全性。
4. NSF/ANSI 51: 这个标准适用于食品设备和材料,旨在确保它们与食品接触时不会释放有害化学物质。
符合该标准的产品可以放心使用,不会对食品的安全性产生负面影响。
5. NSF P473: 这个标准用于评估水处理设备和化学品的可持续性。
它考虑了产品的生命周期环境影响,包括资源利用、能源消耗和废物产生等因素。
符合该标准的产品能够在保护环境的同时提供卓越的性能。
以上只是NSF制定标准的一小部分示例,而实际上NSF制定的标准还包括了许多其他领域,如食品安全、化妆品、药品、建筑材料和医疗器械等等。
通过遵守这些标准,制造商和供应商能够为消费者提供更安全、更可靠的产品。
那么,NSF制定这些标准的具体过程是怎样的呢?首先,NSF组织成立一个标准开发小组,由来自制造商、消费者、政府和学术界等各个利益相关方组成。
Dated(日期):hereinafter called the Sellers, have agreed to sell, and 1 以下称卖方,同意出售hereinafter called the Buyers, have agreed to buy 2 以下称买方,同意购买Name(船名): 3 Classification Society/Class: 4 船级社Built: By: 5 建造时间建造地Flag: Place of Registration: 6 船旗国登记港口Call Sign: GRT/NRT: 7 呼号总吨 / 净吨Registered Number: 8 注册号hereinafter called the Vessel on the following terms and conditions: 9 此合同的船舶遵循以下条款Definitions 定义10"Banking days" are days on which banks are open both in the country of the currency 11 stipulated for the Purchase Price in Clause 1 and in the place of closing stipulated in Clause 8. 12“银行工作日或工作日或商业工作日”是指在(国家)银行营业的日期和第一条所订立的买船所使用货币的国家,以及第五条所订立的船舶准备就绪通知书的地方,和第八条所订立银行交割的地点。
"In writing" or "Written" means a letter handed over from the Sellers to the Buyers or vice versa, 13 a registered letter, telex, telefax or other modern form of written communication. 14“书面”系指有卖方或买方公司抬头的挂号信,电传,电报或其他方式的现代通讯方式。
"Classification Society" or "Class" means the Society referred to in line 4. 15 “船级社”或“船级”是第4行所指明的船级社。
1. Purchase Price 16购船价格:---USD (美元)2.Deposit 定金17As security of the correct fulfillment of this Agreement the Buyer shall pay a deposit of 10% 18 (ten per cent) of the Purchase Price within banking days from the date of this 19 Agreement. This deposit shall be placed with 20and held by them in a joint account for the Sellers and the Buyers, to be released in accordance 21 with joint written instructions of the Sellers and the Buyers. Interest, if any, to be credited to the 22 Buyers. Any fee charged for holding the said deposit shall be borne equally by the Sellers and the 23 Buyers. 24 为确保本合同的正确执行,自买卖双方在传真中草签本合同之日或第十七条款中的先决条件取消后起的三个银行工作日内,买方将购船款的10%作为定金支付到卖方所指定的xx银行(地址省略)的联合帐户内。
该定金将保留在上述银行的买卖双方的联名账户中,收到双方联名的书面指示后才会放款。
由此定金而产生的利息,应归入买方。
因保持和建立联合帐户而产生的任何银行费用则由买卖双方平均分担。
3. Payment付款方式25The said Purchase Price shall be paid in full free of bank charges to 26on delivery of the Vessel, but not later than 3 banking days after the Vessel is in every respect 27 physically ready for delivery in accordance with the terms and conditions of this Agreement and 28 Notice of Readiness has been given in accordance with Clause 5.29上述买船价款,不扣除银行费用,须在交船时支付给在船舶根据本合同条款在各个方面实际备妥并且按照第5条就绪通知书递交后,购船款及其他款项应在不迟于3个银行工作日内,无任何银行费用地递交到卖方指定之银行帐户用来交换为注册中国籍所需要的合理的交船文件。
4. Inspections 验船30a)* The Buyers have inspected and accepted the Vessel’s classification rec ords. The Buyers 31 have also inspected the Vessel at/in on 32 and have accepted the Vessel following this inspection and the sale is outright and definite, 33 subject only to the terms and conditions of this Agreement. 34买方已检查并接受船舶的船级记录。
买方已在___(日期)在___(地点)对船舶进行检查。
买方根据该检查已接受船舶,那么船舶买卖关系即告确立,这仅限于此合同的条款。
b)* The Buyers shall have the right to inspect the Vessel’s classification records and declare 35whether same are accepted or not within 36The Sellers shall provide for inspection of the Vessel at/in 37The Buyers shall undertake the inspection without undue delay to the Vessel. Should the 38 Buyers cause undue delay they shall compensate the Sellers for the losses thereby incurred. 39 The Buyers shall inspect the Vessel without opening up and without cost to the Sellers. 40 During the inspection, the Vessel’s deck and engine log books shall be made available for41 examination by the Buyers. If the Vessel is accepted after such inspection, the sale shall 42 become outright and definite, subject only to the terms and conditions of this Agreement, 43 provided the Sellers receive written notice of acceptance from the Buyers within 72 hours 44 after completion of such inspection. 45 Should notice of acceptance of the Vessel’s classification records and of the Vessel not be46received by the Sellers as aforesaid, the deposit together with interest earned shall be 47 released immediately to the Buyers, whereafter this Agreement shall be null and void. 48* 4a) and 4b) are alternatives; delete whichever is not applicable. In the absence of deletions, 49 alternative 4a) to apply. 50买方有权检查该船的船级记录,并在___(时间)内宣布是否予以接受,卖方应在____(地方)为买方安排船舶检查。
买方保证检验不应给船舶造成不合理的延误。
如果买方造成了此种延误,则应补偿卖方因此遭受的损失。
在检验期间,船舶的轮机日志和甲板航海日志应提供给买方查阅。
在进行了漂浮检验之后如果船舶被接受,即卖方在买方完成检验后的72小时内收到书面或电传通知,本交易即为确定和无条件的,仅受本合同条款约束。
如果卖方在上述规定的时间内没有收到买方船舶的船级记录和接受船舶的通知,押金立即退还买方,该合同随即归于无效。
4a)和4b)二选一;删除不用的。
如果未作删除,则视为选用4a)。
5. Notices, Time and Place of Delivery 交船地点和时间51a) The Sellers shall keep the Buyers well informed of the Vessel’s itinerary and shall52provide the Buyers with , , and days notice of the estimated time of arrival at the 53 intended place of drydocking/underwater inspection/delivery. When the Vessel is at the place 54 of delivery and in every respect physically ready for delivery in accordance with this 55 Agreement, the Sellers shall give the Buyers a written Notice of Readiness for delivery. 56 卖方将随时报告买方船舶的行程及预计的交接船地点及时间,并给买方/ / 和天之预计交船通知及按照卖船的条件及约束发出3/2/1天的确切交船通知。