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文献翻译

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欧洲能源密集型产业的ORC余热回收：能源和温室气体减排F.坎帕纳，米比安奇，L. Branchini，A.德帕斯卡尔，A. Peretto，M.巴雷西，A.费米，北罗塞蒂，R.韦斯科沃（DIN博洛尼亚大学的Viale德尔复兴运动2，40136意大利博洛尼亚Turboden Srl公司，经由西奈拉，10，意大利布雷西亚）（文章信息文章历史：2013年2月9日收到论文2013年7月16日接受论文）关键词：有机朗肯循环（ORC）余热回收水泥钢玻璃石油和天然气能源审计摘要：有机朗肯循环（ORC）是能源密集型工业生产过程余热回收的重要技术。

本文代表了ORC的单位，在欧洲Unionn可以安装在水泥，钢铁，玻璃，石油和天然气行业的基础上的准确的方法与在投产或在建实际工厂中的27个国家的第一个全面的估计。

节约能源的评估，取决于每年的二氧化碳排放量和电费开支减少，工作的小时数也会被考虑到。

这项研究，在能源密集型产业热回收的欧洲研究项目的框架内开展，考虑在发现的最方便的情况下，每年的热能高达约20,000GWH可被回收，760万吨二氧化碳可以通过ORC技术的研究和最有前途的工业部门的应用程序而被保存。

由Ó2013 Elsevier公司保留所有权利。

介绍：许多关于有机朗肯循环（ORC ）技术的研究已经交付了几十年，但只是在最近几年成为不同的工业企业的感兴趣的东西以及被广泛应用。

一个审查提供的数据显示，这主要是由于不同的因素，如：ORC技术升级，能源价格的上涨，更严格的环保和能源效率的政策，如欧洲'' '' 20-20-20气候和能源方案，一次能源的定义目标消费和温室气体（GHG）reduction.For ORC技术与他人之间的比较——那就是斯特林发动机，热电，微Rakine周期和倒布雷顿循环。

该研究强调，ORC是表现最好的技术，利用热源在200-400 ℃，温度热回收和发电显然，如果与传统的和先进的发电厂技术相比，ORC转换效率是有限的（较大的调理周期的热- 电效率，ORC系统通常可达到的值高达20％左右），但在一个潜在的低/中温余热回收的比较，是应该被量化的。

船用发动机尾气余热回收装置设计外文文献翻译、中英文翻译、外文翻译

船用发动机尾气余热回收装置设计外文文献翻译、中英文翻译、外文翻译
译文标题 原文标题 作 者
船用发动机尾气余热回收装置设计 Design of marine engine exhaust heat recovery device JahedulIslamChowdhury 译 名 埃尔祖鲁姆 国 籍 土耳其
原文出处
Ataturk University, Faculty of 面，国外微电子发电机的理论具有代表性的是普 林斯顿大学，南加州大学和密歇根大学。美国的研究成果大多集中在日本的废热 使用研究的军事，航空航天，实践和高科技方面，已经应用了热电发电机组。 我 国现阶段状况：热电是可逆的，热电发电和半导体冷却是热电现象的两个方面， 相互可逆。 一般是 PN 结，假设温差可以用来发电，若是电源，可以在一端使用 冷。半导体制冷和使用具有一定的程度，已经有商业设施和发售，然而温差发电, 这几乎是一个空白。这是因为我国在军事高科技研发能力相对落后。现阶段随着 何种学术互补，我国许多学者对外接触相干技术，在以后的发展中，这种情况一 定会逐渐改善。 余热发电的前提是利用余热发生器，他是将热电材料产生的热电效应转化为 电流。包括塞贝克效应，珀耳帖效应和汤姆森效应。这三个因素与开尔文关系： 有关，如图所示：
而且维修不方便，方形热电发电器不但具有较高的热利用率，并且后期用于制造方 便，维修简单所以最后采用方形热电发电器。 下面我以简图的形式来介绍一下方形热电发电器电偶臂的具体组成：
共 21 页
第 4 页
三、余热发电器设计
发电机组主要有热盖基板， 导流板和电臂三部分。 当电臂端部之间的温差， P， N 结两种不同的热电材料会产生 Seebeck（Seebeck）效应，所以电路中有电流。
PN 电动臂式热电发电机在通风管与水管之间， PN 热电偶热电发电机有电绝缘 热套，引流铜和 PN 电臂，热盖 95％的氧化铝陶瓷， 导电层材料为铜板，焊料层为 75％和 95％的锡和导电银塑料和高温银浆。 电臂材料为 Bi2Se3，热电发电机电臂横 截面尺寸为 3mm×3mm，高 16.4mm，电臂对对 199 对。 从以往的理论分析可以看 出，热电材料的选择赛贝克越高，质量越好。

天然气二段转化流程中余热的回收方法

天然气二段转化流程中余热的回收方法

天然气二段转化流程中余热的回收方法In the process of natural gas two-stage conversion, the recovery methods for waste heat play a vital role in improving energy efficiency and reducing environmental impact.天然气二段转化的过程中，余热的回收方法对于提高能源效率和减少环境影响具有重要作用。

One of the most common methods to recover waste heat in the natural gas two-stage conversion process is through heat exchangers. Heat exchangers are devices that facilitate the transfer of thermal energy between two fluids at different temperatures. In this case, the high-temperature flue gases generated during the combustion of natural gas can be used to heat up a separate fluid, such as water or oil, which can then be utilized for various purposes like preheating air or water in the system.在天然气二段转化的过程中，最常见的余热回收方法之一是通过热交换器。

热交换器是一种能够促进两种不同温度流体之间传递热能的设备。

在这种情况下，天然气燃烧产生的高温烟气可以用于加热另外一个流体，比如水或者油，这样就可以被利用于系统中预热空气或水等多种目的。

废热利用英文文献

废热利用英文文献
63
Waste Heat Recovery
Jerry T. Zolkowski, PE CEM Demand Side Energy Engineer/Manager Shaw Industries
ABSTRACT Investments in waste heat recovery provide a very attractive payback. This article covers cases implemented over the past four years among Shaw’s 50 manufacturing plants. Heat sources tapped are air compressors, waste water, boiler stack gasses, and boiler blow down. The destination for the heat is process water heating and boiler make-up water heating. Heat exchangers only have been used, no heat pumps. ABOUT SHAW AND PROCESSES Shaw Industries is the country’s largest carpet producer and second largest flooring supplier, with $5 billion in annual sales. It is vertically integrated from fiber extrusion through distribution. The company has over 50 manufacturing plants, including hardwood production, wood laminate, nylon production from caprolactam, fiber extrusion, fiber processing, carpet production, and one nylon recycling plant. The facilities using waste heat recovery are extrusion plants, yarn processing plants, and carpet mills with dyeing. All of these facilities have steam plants operating at 120 psi saturated steam. Typically there is little or no condensate return due to the requirement for live steam in most processes, yarn heat setting and carpet steamers in particular. High volumes (e.g. 250 gpm) of warm rinse water are required for dyeing. Cold boiler make-up water and high blow down rates were the norm just a few years ago. In addition, rinse water was heated only through the use of steam or more recently direct-fire gas. Company wide in 2004, working waste heat recovery devices consisted of four blowdown heat exchangers, two economizers, and one undersized waste water heat exchanger.

低温余热回收技术简介(英文版)

低温余热回收技术简介(英文版)

• Heat Pump
A s's vapor-compression refrigeration cycle 1) condenser 2) expansion valve 3) Evaporator 4) Compressor
• Heat Pipe
Characteristic o Heat pipes contain no mechanical moving parts and typically require no maintenance, though non-condensable gases that diffuse through the pipe's walls, resulting from breakdown of the working fluid or as impurities extant in the material, may eventually reduce the pipe's effectiveness at transferring heat. o The advantage of heat pipes over many other heat-dissipation mechanisms is their great efficiency in transferring heat. o The wide temperature range over which they are effective, because the boiling point of working fluids depends on the absolute pressure inside the pipe.
• Heat Pump
Characteristic o A heat pump uses a small amount of external power to accomplish the work of transferring energy from the heat source to the heat sink. o The term coefficient of performance (COP) is used to describe the ratio of useful heat movement per work input. o The COP for heat pumps range from 3.2 to 4.5 for air source heat pumps to 4.2 to 5.2 for ground source heat pumps, whereas an electrical resistance heater has a COP of 1.0. That is, one joule of electrical energy will cause a resistance heater to produce only one joule of useful heat, while under ideal conditions, one joule of electrical energy can cause a heat pump to move three or four joules of heat from a cooler place to a warmer place. Note that an air source heat pump is more efficient in hotter climates than cooler ones, so when the weather is much warmer the unit will perform with a higher COP (as it has a smaller temperature gap to bridge). When there is a wide temperature differential between the hot and cold reservoirs, the COP is lower (worse). In extreme cold weather the COP will go down to 1.0.

2018年全球余热发电市场研究报告目录—英文版

2018年全球余热发电市场研究报告目录—英文版

2018年全球余热发电市场研究报告目录—英文版Published by QYResearchMar. 2018Global Waste Heat to Power Market Research Report 2018Hard Copy: 2900 USDPDF Copy (single user): 2900 USDEnterprise wide License: 5800 USDPages: 143Tables and Figures: 162Published Date: Feb 2018Publisher: QYR Energy Research CenterSummaryThis report studies the Waste Heat to Power market status and outlook of global and major regions, from angles of manufacturers, regions, product types and end industries; this report analyzes the top manufacturers in global and major regions, and splits the Waste Heat to Power market by product type and applications/end industries.The major players in global Waste Heat to Power market includeSiemensGEABBAmec Foster WheelerOrmatMHIExergyElectraThermDürr CyplanGETECCNBMDaLian EastE-RationalGeographically, this report is segmented into several key Regions, with Capacity, consumption, revenue, market share and growth rate of Waste Heat to Power in these regions, from 2012 to 2022 (forecast), coveringEuropeNorth AmericaChinaJapanRoWOn the basis of product, the Waste Heat to Power market is primarily split intoSteam Rankine CycleOrganic Rankine CyclesKalina CycleOn the basis on the end users/applications, this report coversChemical IndustryMetal ManufacturingOil and GasOthersTable of Contents1 Waste Heat to Power Market Overview (1)1.1 Product Overview and Scope of Waste Heat to Power (1)1.2 Waste Heat to Power Segment by Types (Product Category) (2)1.2.1 Global Waste Heat to Power Capacity Market Share Comparison by Types(2012-2022) (2)1.2.2 Global Waste Heat to Power Capacity Market Share (%) by Types in 2016 (3)1.3 Global Waste Heat to Power Segment by Applications (4)1.3.1 Global Waste Heat to Power Consumption Market Share by Applications(2012-2022) (4)1.3.2 Metal Manufacturing (5)1.3.3 Chemical Industry (6)1.3.4 Oil and Gas (6)1.4 Global Waste Heat to Power Market by Regions (2012-2022) (7)1.4.1 Global Waste Heat to Power Market Share Comparison by Regions (2012-2022) .. 71.4.2 North America Waste Heat to Power Status and Prospect (2012-2022) (8)1.4.3 China Waste Heat to Power Status and Prospect (2012-2022) (9)1.4.4 Europe Waste Heat to Power Status and Prospect (2012-2022) (10)1.4.5 Japan Waste Heat to Power Status and Prospect (2012-2022) (11)1.5 Global Waste Heat to Power Market Size (2012-2022) (12)1.5.1 Global Waste Heat to Power Revenue Status and Outlook (2012-2022) (12)1.5.2 Global Waste Heat to Power Capacity (MW) Status and Outlook (2012-2022) (13)2 Global Waste Heat to Power Market Competition by Manufacturers (14)2.1 Global Waste Heat to Power Capacity and Share by Manufacturers (2016-2017) (14)2.2 Global Waste Heat to Power Revenue and Share by Manufacturers (2016-2017) (16)2.3 Global Waste Heat to Power Gross Margin by Manufacturers (2016-2017) (18)2.4 Manufacturers Waste Heat to Power Headquarter (20)2.5 Waste Heat to Power Market Competitive Situation and Trends (21)2.5.1 Waste Heat to Power Market Concentration Rate (21)2.5.2 Waste Heat to Power Market Share (%) of Top 3 and Top 5 Manufacturers (22)3 Global Waste Heat to Power Capacity by Regions (2012-2017) (24)3.1 Global Waste Heat to Power Capacity (MW) and Market Share (%) by Regions (2012-2017) (24)3.2 Global Waste Heat to Power Revenue and Market Share (%) by Regions (2012-2017) .. 263.3 Global Waste Heat to Power Capacity, Revenue, and Gross Margin (2012-2017) (28)3.4 North America Waste Heat to Power Capacity (2012-2017) (29)3.4.1 North America Waste Heat to Power Capacity (MW) and Growth Rate (%)(2012-2017) (29)3.4.2 North America Waste Heat to Power Capacity (MW), Revenue (M USD), andGross Margin (%) (2012-2017) (29)3.5 Europe Waste Heat to Power Capacity (2012-2017) (30)3.5.1 Europe Waste Heat to Power Capacity (MW) and Growth Rate (%) (2012-2017) 303.5.2 Europe Waste Heat to Power Capacity (MW), Revenue (M USD), and Gross。

纺织业余热回收利用研究进展

纺织业余热回收利用研究进展
许文强;肖鑫;刘洋
【期刊名称】《上海节能》
【年(卷),期】2024()4
【摘要】我国是纺织业大国,纺织业能耗占比达国家制造业能耗的4%,在“双碳”政策下,纺织业的节能减排迫在眉睫。

通过介绍纺织业的各加工工序,进而阐明纺织业的余热主要产生于工艺过程中产生的废水、废气中。

针对纺织余热的分布情况,对国内外学者在纺织业余热回收的研究进行总结,如换热器回收余热、热泵回收余热、利用有机朗肯循环(organic rankine cycle, ORC)回收余热、利用废水生物质进行热电联产等,介绍了相关余热回收技术的特点与应用案例,总结了各案例的回收期与效率。

结合目前纺织余热回收现状,着眼于未来余热回收技术,介绍并分析了如热电技术的先进热回收方式,以期在未来能有更高效的热回收技术应用于纺织业。

因纺织业余热回收系统化偏低,紧接着介绍了关于纺织余热集成分析的夹点技术,通过建立热回收网络,余热回收可达到更好的效果。

最后,对纺织余热回收利用研究进展做了总结与展望。

【总页数】11页(P609-619)
【作者】许文强;肖鑫;刘洋
【作者单位】东华大学环境学院;上海市节能技术服务有限公司
【正文语种】中文
【中图分类】F42
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2.纺织印染行业余热回收利用现状及研究进展
3.推进服务平台建设开展热资源共享上海余热利用促进服务中心、上海余热（能）回收利用产业联盟开展调研工作
4.炼油企业低温余热回收利用的研究进展
5.上置式烧结余热锅炉在环冷机余热回收利用实践
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地源热泵 电厂余热利用 文献翻译

辅助喷射式泵真空水淡化系统在电厂余热利用中的分析摘要随着日益膨胀的人口和快速增长的工业化，人们对于淡水尤其是饮用水有着更大的需求量，这就使得自然资源的使用变得更加受限制。

鉴于上述情况，各种水淡化系统是在对可再生能源开发利用的推动下不断发展的，比如说太阳能、海洋能、地热能和余热能。

真空水淡化是一种从咸水的蒸发和后续凝结过程中提取淡水的技术，这种水淡化技术包括这些过程：泵对咸水的增压，利用喷射式泵制造和维持真空，利用电厂余热比如凝汽器排水对咸水进行减压蒸发。

这篇文章是对目前应用的真空水淡化系统进行分析。

通过质量应用分析，动量和能量平衡存在与各组成成分之中，控制方程是从分析之中得出来的，这些方程通过建立模拟实验进行解答。

进行模拟实验的理论证实是从文献中的实验数据里得出来的，这项研究需要在不同的运行参数条件下才能进行，比如蒸发温度、冷凝温度、蒸发流量、冷凝流量和室内压力。

随着冷凝温度的降低和蒸发温度的升高，系统中获得的淡水产量增加，另外，室内压力的降低也会使淡水产量升高。

关键词：水淡化，喷射式泵，真空，海水1.简介当今世界已经逐渐意识到淡水资源的匮乏。

世界上有超过50个国家的缺水问题已经发展为一种危急的状况。

世界人口的突增会使这一局面更加糟糕。

为了克服这一问题，新节能路线已经在社会允许的消费标准内建立了可行的生产饮用水的方案。

对于现行的水淡化技术的技术经济评估表明了先进的水淡化系统对于降低投资额和维护费用是很有必要的。

干燥地区日趋发展的工业化不仅是对水消耗量持续的增长，也是对淡化海水耗用新能源的需求。

对于这种状况，一些单位正尝试回收余热用于工业生产，其他坐落在海岸线的单位可能会通过利用太阳能淡化海水来获得水资源，尽管其成本很高。

将海水转化为饮用水是一个集中耗能的过程，这只有在热能资源相对充足的情况下才是切实可行的，例如空气资源，地热资源或者是工业余热。

从能量角度来看，辅助式喷射泵真空水淡化系统在利用余热方面确实能与热力发电厂联系起来，而且这样还较为便宜和切实可行。

余热回收用热管及热管式换热器的研究

加热设备
《工业加热》 36 卷 2007 年第 4 期 第
余热回收用热管及热管式换热器的研究
董其伍，王
（郑州大学
丹，刘敏珊
郑州 450002）
化学工程学院，河南
摘要：简要介绍了热管及热管式换热器的工作原理，热管式换热器在工业余热回收中的应用, 以及热管式换热器运行过程中防止积 灰和低温腐蚀等问题的有效措施。 关键词：热管；热管式换热器；余热回收 中图分类号：TK172.4 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1002-1639 2007） （ 04-0037-04
能源是发展国民经济的重要物质基础，是人类赖以 生存的必要条件，能源的开发和利用程度直接影响着国 民经济的发展和人民物质文化生活水平的提高，余热回 收是合理利用能源、节约能源、提高能源利用率等方面 不可忽视的问题。热管是一种具有高效传热性能的元件， 它可利用很小的截面积远距离传输大量热量而无需外加 动力。 热管式换热器具有输热能力大、 均温性能优良、传 热方向可逆、热流密度可变、适应环境能力较强、阻力 损失较小等优点，所以热管式换热器能较大限度的回收 利用低品位余热。
参考文献： [1] 潘天明.现代感应加热装置 [M].北京： 冶金工业出版社， 1996. [2] 戴育航. IGBT 中频变频装置及其在感应加热领域中的应用 [J]. 工业加热，2002，31 1） 33-36. （ : [3] 何熙文，徐承深，孙 翱. Intel 8xC196MC/ MD 高档单片 机原理及应用设计 [M]. 大连：大连理工大学出版社，1995. [4] 李 宏. 电力电子器件设备用器件与集成电路应用指南 [M]. 北京：机械工业出版社，2001.
2.5
热管式换热器在石油化工企业中的应用
安庆石化炼油厂减压炉于 1995 年运用热管式空气预

水泥厂低温废气余热回收方案及新型换热器的研究


Academic Degree Applied for： Master of Engineering Speciality： Affiliation： Date of Defence ：
Degree-Conferring-Institution： Harbin Institute of Technology
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哈尔滨工业大学工学硕士学位论文
Abstract
This issue is based on plenty of low- temperature waste gases’ measured data, which is measured in the import and export of waste heat boilers of a domestic cement factory NSP cement production lines. By this data we made some research on the characteristics and heat recovery potential of the low-temperature waste gases. The results of the research show that the waste gases has some characteristics, such as low-temperature, big dust density, strong corrosion rate, large total flow, etc. In the waste- heat- recovery estimation of the lowtemperature waste gases, we hypothesis that in the heat exchange equipment the AQC waste gases’ temperature fell from 110 ℃ to 60℃ , and the SP waste gases’ temperature fell from 160 ℃ to 80 ℃. As the total flow of the cement factory ’s 2 ×2500t/d cement production lines is 316094Nm3 /h, the total recovery heat is 15.8MW. We take coal combustion heat value for 29306kJ/kg, so the recovery heat is equivalent to 17000 tons coal. So, the research of waste- heat-recovery from low-temperature waste gases has very important meaning to carry out energy saving and increase cement enterprise economic benefits in the cement industry. According to the characteristics of low-temperature waste gases, we made several recovery plans in accordance with different operation conditions of heat power generation turbine. Then we made some research on the heat exchange equipment that is applied to the waste- heat-recovery of low- temperature waste gases. The survey results show that the heat exchange and dust removal are usually two separate devices, and two devices have some problems, as having too many links, occupying a large area, managing tedious etc. According to the present situation of the heat transmission equipment, this issue developed a new heat pipe heat exchanger, and made numerical si mulation by the software of FLUENT. This new type heat exchanger not only has high thermal efficiency, but also has certain dedusting ability, its internal heat pipe adopting spiral finned tube form, the flue gases side and water side are circular runner. This kind of unique internal structure made the dust particles in the flue gases easy to deposit on the surface of spiral finned tube and inwall, and in the
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This is the author’s final peer reviewed version of the item published as:
Crawford, R.H., Treloar, Graham J., Fuller, Robert and Bazilian, M. 2006-12, Life-cycle energy analysis of building integrated photovoltaic systems (BiPVs) with heat recovery unit, Renewable and sustainable energy reviews, vol. 10, no. 6, pp. 559-575.
1. Introduction Energy consumption in Australia is steadily increasing, as a result of population growth and increasing standard of living [1]. This trend is producing an increasing demand on our dwindling resources and on
2
Traditionally, operational energy has been the focus of many studies dealing with life-cycle energy. This may be partly due to conceptual failure in quantifying the life-cycle energy requirements of products through underestimating the possible importance of embodied energy. Although the operational energy consumption of buildings accounts for the highest proportion of the total energy consumed in the lifecycle of a building, there is still a considerable amount of energy that is consumed in the other phases of a building’s life. One of the most significant of these phases; incorporating the extraction and processing of raw materials, manufacturing of building materials and products and construction of the building; includes the embodied energy of the building and its fittings and finishes, but this varies significantly between building design, materials, systems and products. Embodied energy is particularly important due to the complexity of the supply chain. This complexity means that the supply chain has to be modeled for each product and process upstream to the raw materials. 2.1. Embodied energy The embodied energy of an entire building, or a building material or product in a building, comprises of indirect and direct energy. Indirect energy is used to create the inputs of goods and services to the main process, whereas direct energy is the energy used for the main process (Figure 1). The accuracy and extent of an embodied energy analysis is dependent on which of the three main methods is chosen: process analysis, I-O analysis or hybrid analysis [5].
a
School of Architecture and Buildin Australia
b
Sustainable Energy Authority of Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
_____________________________________________________________________________________ Abstract Building integrated photovoltaic (BiPV) systems generate electricity, but also heat, which is typically wasted and also reduces the efficiency of generation. A heat recovery unit can be combined with a BiPV system to take advantage of this waste heat, thus providing cogeneration. Two different PV cell types were combined with a heat recovery unit and analysed in terms of their life-cycle energy consumption to determine the energy payback period. A net energy analysis of these PV systems has previously been performed, but recent improvements in the data used for this study allow for a more comprehensive assessment of the combined energy used throughout the entire life-cycle of these systems to be performed. Energy payback periods of between 4 and 16.5 years were found, depending on the BiPV system. The energy embodied in PV systems is significant, emphasised here due to the innovative use of national average input-output (I-O) data to fill gaps in traditional life-cycle inventories i.e. hybrid analysis. These findings provide an insight into the net energy savings that are possible with a welldesigned and managed BiPV system. Keywords: Life-cycle energy analysis, building integrated photovoltaics, embodied energy, hybrid analysis _____________________________________________________________________________________
* Corresponding author. Tel.: +613 5227 8300; fax: +613 5227 8303. E-mail address: robertc@.au.
the environment [2]. In 1994-95 the operation of residential and commercial buildings in Australia accounted for around 20% of energy consumption [1]. The use of photovoltaics (PVs) is one approach that may assist in the minimisation of fossil fuel consumption. The electrical output from PVs is produced by the sun and is considered ‘free’ in environmental terms. However, they are mostly manufactured using fossil fuel intensive materials and processes. The energy consumed in the manufacture of PVs, commonly referred to as embodied energy, includes the energy for assembly and the energy embodied in the input of goods and services to the manufacturing process, including transportation in all mining and manufacturing phases [3]. The operation of PVs also produces thermal energy, primarily behind the PVs as a result of the generation of the electrical energy. A PV system has been designed to collect this (usually wasted) thermal energy, which is then used to heat the building when required. The extent to which PV systems can save energy can be shown through a life-cycle energy analysis. This method determines the time it takes for annual operational savings to overtake the energy embodied in a particular product, such as PVs, i.e. the ‘energy payback period’. Previous studies have shown that the energy embodied in PV systems may be quite significant, depending on which embodied energy analysis method is used [4]. The extent of this significance has an impact on the amount of time required to pay this energy back. This paper presents the results of a life-cycle energy analysis of a BiPV system with a heat recovery unit using a newly developed hybrid embodied energy analysis method, considering recent improvements to this method, providing a more comprehensive analysis than has previously been possible. 2. Background For traditional energy sources, the energy consumed at the point of use is lower than the energy required to supply this energy to the consumer, due to conversion and transmission losses and the energy embodied in the fuels and derivatives. The energy used by the consumer is known as delivered energy, while the base form of energy required is known as primary energy. For most renewable energy sources, such as BiPVs, the energy supplied requires no fossil fuels, and thus disconnects an entire sector of the economy and environment related to the production and distribution of power [5].