2019牛津上海版高三高考英语口试综合训练题语文

2019年上海高考语文卷（附答案）一、积累应用 10分1.按要求填空.（5分）（1）士不可以不弘毅，______________.《〈论语〉七则》（2）______________，尽西风，季鹰归未？(辛弃疾《水龙吟·________》（3）《琵琶行》中,“______________，______________”两句形象地写出了琵琶声的轻快与冷涩.2。

按要求选择。

（5分）（1）学校举办诗词大赛，为激励选手，需张贴标语，以下内容合适的一项是（）。

A。

俱怀逸兴壮思飞,欲上青天揽明月。

B。

花径不曾缘客扫，蓬门今始为君开。

C。

三十功名尘与土，八千里路云和月.D。

羽扇纶巾,谈笑间，樯橹灰飞烟灭。

（2)将下列编号的语句依次填入语段空白处,语意连贯的一项是（）。

任何一幅画，都有一个最佳的观赏距离。

______________,______________，______________，距离太近，美感就会减弱甚至消失.①隔着一定的距离才能见着美②距离本身能美化事物③更为准确地说A.③①②B.②①③C。

②③① D.①②③二、阅读70分（一）阅读下文,完成第3—7题。

（16分)记忆与写作①我们一旦将“经验"区分为经历和对经历的体验，记忆在写作中究竟扮演何种角色,就不难理解了。

经历是无法即时描述的，更无法使之客观化.我们所经历的事实，绝大部分转瞬即逝.我们无法做到一边经历某件事，一边将它书写出来。

因此我们也可以这样说，作家所描述的经历无一例外都是记忆中的经历。

②很多研究者都注意到了经历与写作之间的“时间距离”,将这种距离的作用极端化和简单化。

看来也没什么道理。

有一种说法，作家将个人的经历在记忆中保存得越久,写作将会越客观,就如同封在坛子里的酒，时间越长，其味道越醇正。

如果情况果真如此，每位作家想必都应该在弥留之际才开始自己的创作。

不过这样的说法也提醒我们，将刚刚经历的事件立刻表达出来，的确更容易受到社会意识以及作家个人的偏见、习惯、写作目的的影响。

2019年上海秋季高考语文试卷一、积累与应用（10分）1.填空题（5分）（1）此地有崇山峻岭，茂林修竹，又有清流激湍，映带左右。

（王羲之《兰亭集序》）（2）遥岑远目，献愁供恨，玉簪螺髻。

选自辛弃疾的《水龙吟·登健康赏心亭》（3）柳永《雨霖铃》中，“多情自古伤离别，更那堪，冷落清秋节”两句，直抒胸臆，感情深厚；陆游《书愤》中，也有直抒胸臆的一联是：“早岁那知世事艰，中原北望气如山”。

2.按要求选择。

（5分）（1）小明做事马虎，他想写一句话来警醒自己，以下句子合适的一项是（ C ）（2分）。

A. 愚者千虑，必有一得。

B.一屋不扫，何以扫天下？C. 患生于所忽，祸起于细微。

D. 勿以恶小而为之，勿以善小而不为。

（2）填入下面语段空白处的词句，最恰当的一项是（A）（3分）吴人的祖先很会唱歌，这是人所共知的。

，而且被民间文艺工作者收集保存。

可是吴地的舞蹈呢？我们祖先的那种伴有呜呜歌声的舞蹈哪里去了呢？A. 吴歌、白茅山歌从古到今都有人会唱。

B. 吴歌、白茅山歌有人从古到今都会唱。

C. 有人从古到今都会唱吴歌、白茅山歌。

D. 从古到今有人都会唱吴歌、白茅山歌。

二、阅读（70分）（一）阅读下文，完成3-7题（16分）常识与理论①依据我们的常识，桌面是光滑的，物理学的理论却告诉我们，桌子是由原子组成。

原子之间有间隙，桌面其实坑坑洼洼。

很多人疑惑：理论和常识冤家碰头时，我们是该相信理论还是该坚守常识？②其实，理论和常识很难笼统地拿来比较。

因为平时说的“常识”一词，所称的内容十分繁杂。

鲸鱼是一种鱼，这份常识保存在“鲸鱼”这个词里，但鲸鱼是哺乳动物，这也是大家都知道的常识。

太阳东升西落是常识，而地球围着太阳转也是常识。

为了区分，我们把“鲸鱼是哺乳动物”“地球围着太阳转”这一类常识称做“科学常识”。

本文要讨论的常识，是指来自日常经验的常识而非科学常识。

“常识”这个词也不能指称错误的东西，错误与否不以科学为标准，而以日常经验为标准，一旦发现某些原本相信的东西不符合日常经验，我们也就不再称之为“常识”。

【高考试卷】2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语（上海卷）及答案》2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语（上海卷）第Ⅰ卷（共105分）I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. A basketball player. B. A laundry worker.C. A window washer.D. A rock climber2. A. She is not hungry. B. She wants to cook.C. She is not tired.D. She wants to dine out.3. A. Promising. B. Isolated C. Crowded. D. Modern4. A. To a stationery shop. B. T o a gymnasium.C. To a paint store.D. To a news stand.5. A. The man can see a different view. B. The food is not tasty enough.C. The man cannot afford the food.D. The food is worth the price.6. A. She reads different kinds of books. B. She also finds the book difficult to read.C. She is impressed by the characters.D. She knows well how to remember names.7. A. The man will go to the post office. B. The post office is closed for the day.C. The woman is expecting the newspaper.D. The delivery boy has been dismissed.8. A. She is not sure if she can join them. B. She will skip the class to see the film.C. She will ask the professor for leave.D. She does not want to see a film.9. A. Fashion designing is a booming business. B. School learning is a must for fashion designers.C. He hopes to attend a good fashion school.D. The woman should become a fashion designer.10. A. Few people drive within the speed limit. B. Drivers usually obey traffic rules.C. The speed limit is really reasonable.D. The police stop most drivers for speeding Section BDirections: In section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once.When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. A book publisher. B. A company manager.C. A magazine editor.D. A school principal.12. A. Some training experience. B. A happy family.C. Russian assistants' help.D. A good memory.13. A. Lynn’s devotion to the family. B. Lynn’s busy and successful life.C. Lynn’s great performance at work.D. Lynn’s efficiency in conducting programs. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Economic questions. B. Routine questions.C. Academic questions.D. Challenging questions.15. A. Work experience. B. Educational qualifications.C. Problem-solving abilities.D. Information-gathering abilities.16. A. Features of different types of interview. B. Skills in asking interview questions.C. Changes in three interview models.D. Suggestions for different job interviews. Section CDirections: In section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.An Interview with David, a Skateboarding (滑板运动) LoverII. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.25. —I’m looking for a nearby place for my holiday. Any good ideas?— How about the Moon Lake? It is ________ easy reach of the city.A. byB. beyondC. withinD. from26. Those who smoke heavily should remind ________ of health, the bad smell and the feelings of otherpeople.A. theirsB. themC. themselvesD. oneself27. Bob called to tell his mother that he couldn’t enter the house, for he ________ his key at school.A. had leftB. would leaveC. was leavingD. has left28. It’s a ________ clock, made of brass and dating from the nineteenth century.A. charming French smallB. French small charmingC. small French charmingD. charming small French29. The school board is made up of parents who ________ to make decisions about school affairs.A. had been electedB. had electedC. have been electedD. have elected30. They promised to develop a software package by the end of this year, ________ they might have.A. however difficultB. how difficultC. whatever difficultyD. what difficulty31. The judges gave no hint of what they thought, so I left the room really ________.A. to be worriedB. to worryC. having worriedD. worried32. The students are looking forward to having an opportunity ________ society for real-life experience.A. exploreB. to exploreC. exploringD. explored33. I have no idea ________ the cell phone isn’t working, so could you fix it for me?A. whatB. whyC. ifD. which34. Young people may risk ________ deaf if they are exposed to very loud music every day.A. to goB. to have goneC. goingD. having gone35. Sophia got an e-mail ________ her credit card account number.A. asking forB. ask forC. asked forD. having asked for36. I cannot hear the professor clearly as there is too much noise ________ I am sitting.A. beforeB. untilC. unlessD. where37. ________ at the photos, illustrations, title and headings and you can guess what the reading is about.A. To lookB. LookingC. Having lookedD. Look38. An ecosystem consists of the living and nonliving things in an area ________ interact with one another.A. thatB. whereC. whoD. what39. Among the crises that face humans ________ the lack of natural resources.A. isB. areC. is thereD. are there40. Some people care much about their appearance and always ask if they look fine in ________ they arewearing.A. thatB. whatC. howD. whichSection BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.As infants, we can recognize our mothers within hours of birth. In fact, we can recognize the41 o f our mother’s face well before we can recognize her body shape. It’s 42 how the brain can carry out such a function at such a young age, especially since we don’t learn to walk and talk until we are over a year old. By the time we are adults, we have the ability to distinguish around 100,000 faces. How can we remember so many faces when many of us find it difficult to 43 such a simple thing as a phone number? The exact process is not yet fully understood, but research around the world has begun to define the specific areas of the brain and processes 44 for facial recognition.Researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology believe that they have succeeded in 45 a specific area of the brain called the fusiform face area (FFA), which is used only for facial recognition. This means that recognition of familiar objects such as our clothes or cars, is from 46 in the brain. Researchers also have found that the brain needs to see the whole face for recognition to take place. It had been 47 thought that we only needed to see certain facial features. Meanwhile, research at University College London has found that facial recognition is not a single process, but 48 involves three steps. The first step appears to be an analysis of the physical features of a pers on’s face, which is similar to how we scan the bar codes of our groceries. In the next step, the brain decides whether the face weare looking at is already known or unknown to us. And finally, the brain furnishes the information we have collected about the person whose face we are looking at. This complex 49 is done in a split second so that we can behave quickly when reacting to certain situations.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Over the past few decades, more and more countries have opened up the markets, increasingly transforming the world economy into one free-flowing global market. The question is：Is economic globalization 50 for all?According to the World Bank, one of its chief supporters, economic globalization has helped reduce 51 in a large number of developing countries. It quotes one study that shows increased wealth 52 to improved education and longer life in twenty-four developing countries as a result of integration (融合) of local economies into the world economy. Home to some three billion people, these twenty-four countries have seen incomes 53 at an average rate of fivepercent—compared to two percent in developed countries.Those who 54 globalization claim that economies in developing countries will benefit from new opportunities for small and home-based businesses. 55 , small farmers in Brazil who produce nuts that would originally have sold only in 56 open-air markets can now promote their goods worldwide by the Internet.Critics take a different view, believing that economicglobalization is actually 57 the gap between the rich and poor. A study carried out by the U.N.-sponsored World Commission on the Social Dimension of Globalization shows that only a few developing countries have actually 58 from integration into the world economy and that the poor, the uneducated, unskilled workers, and native peoples have been left behind. 59 , they maintain that globalization may eventually threaten emerging businesses. For example, Indian craftsmen who currently seem to benefit from globalization because they are able to 60 their products may soon face fierce competition that could pot them out of 61 . When large-scale manufacturers start to produce the same goods, or when superstores like Wal-Mart move in, these small businesses will not be able to 62 and will be crowded out.One thing is certain about globalization—there is no 63 . Advances in technology combined with more open policies have already created an interconnected world. The 64 now is finding a way to create a kind of globalization that works for the benefit of all.50. A. possible B. smooth C. good D. easy51. A. crime B. poverty C. conflict D. population52. A. contributing B. responding C. turning D. owing53. A. remain B. drop C. shift D. increase54. A. doubt B. define C. advocate D. ignore55. A. In addition B. For instance C. In other words D. All in all56. A. mature B. new C. local D. foreign57. A. finding B. exploring C. bridging D. widening58. A. suffered B. profited C. learned D. withdrawn59. A. Furthermore B. Therefore C. However D. Otherwise60. A. consume B. deliver C. export D. advertise61. A. trouble B. business C. power D. mind62. A. keep up B. come in C. go around D. help out63. A. taking off B. getting along C. holding out D. turning back64. A. agreement B. prediction C. outcome D. challengeSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.AFor some people, music is no fun at all. About four percent of the population is what scientists call “amusic.” People who are amusic are born without the ability to recognize or reproduce musical notes (音调). Amusic people often cannot tell the difference between two songs. Amusics can only hear the difference between two notes if they are very far apart on the musical scale.As a result, songs sound like noise to an amusic. Many amusics compare the sound of music to pieces of metal hitting each other. Life can be hard for amusics. Their inability to enjoy music set them apart from others. It can be difficult for other people to identify with their condition. In fact, most people cannot begin to grasp what it feels like to be amusic. Just going to a restaurant or a shopping mall can be uncomfortable or even painful. That is why many amusics intentionally stay away from places where there is music. However, this can result in withdrawal and social isolation. “I used to hate parties,” says Margaret, a seventy-year-old woman who only recently discovered that she was amusic. By studying people like Margaret,scientists are finally learning how to identify this unusual condition.Scientists say that the brains of amusics are different from the brains of people who can appreciate music. The difference is complex, and it doesn’t involve defective hearing. Amusics can understand other nonmusical sounds well. They also have no problems understanding ordinary speech. Scientist s compare amusics to people who just can’t see certain colors.Many amusics are happy when their condition is finally diagnosed (诊断). For years, Margaret felt embarrassed about her problem with music. Now she knows that she is not alone. There is a name f or her condition. That makes it easier for her to explain. “When people invite me to a concert, I just say, ‘No thanks, I’m amusic,’” says Margaret. “I just wish I had learned to say that when I was seventeen and not seventy.”65. Which of the following is true of amusics?A. Listening to music is far from enjoyable for them.B. They love places where they are likely to hear music.C. They can easily tell two different songs apart.D. Their situation is well understood by musicians.66. According to paragraph 3, a person with “defective hearing” is prob ably one who __________.A. dislikes listening to speechesB. can hear anything nonmusicalC. has a hearing problemD. lacks a complex hearing system67. In the last paragraph, Margaret expressed her wish that __________.A. her problem with music had been diagnosed earlierB. she were seventeen years old rather than seventyC. her problem could be easily explainedD. she were able to meet other amusics68. What is the passage mainly concerned with?A. Amusics’ strange behaviours.B. Some people’s inability to enjoy music.C. Musical talent and brain structure.D. Identification and treatment of amusics.C. the product installationD. a mechanic’s transportation71. Which of the following is true according to the warranty?A. Consequential damages are excluded across America.B. A product damaged in a natural disaster is covered by the warranty.C. A faulty cabinet due to rust can be replaced free in the second year.D. Free repair is available for a product used improperly in the first year.CA team of engineers at Harvard University has been inspired by Nature to create the first robotic fly. The mechanical fly has become a platform for a series of new high-tech integrated systems. Designed to do what a fly does naturally, the tiny machine is the size of a fat housefly. Its mini wings allow it to stay in the air and perform controlled flight tasks.“It’s extremely important for us to think about this as a whole system and not just the sum of a bunch of individual components (元件),” said Robert Wood, the Har vard engineering professor who has been working on the robotic fly project for over a decade. A few years ago, his team got the go-ahead to start piecing together the components. “The added difficulty with a project like this is that actually none of those components are off the shelf and so we have to develop them all on our own,” he said.They engineered a series of systems to start and drive the robotic fly. “The seemingly simple system which just moves the wings has a number of interdependencies on the individual components, each of which individually has to perform well, but then has to be matched well to everything it’s connected to,” said Wood. The flight device was built into a set of power, computation, sensing and control systems. Wood says the success of the project proves that the flying robot with these tiny components can be built and manufactured.While this first robotic flyer is linked to a small, off-board power source, the goal is eventually to equip it with a built-in power source, so that it might someday perform data-gatheringwork at rescue sites, in farmers’ fields or on the battlefield. “Basically it should be able to take off, land and fly around,” he said.Wood says the design offers a new way to study flight mechanics and control at insect-scale. Yet, the power, sensing and computation technologies on board could have much broader applications. “You can start thinking about using them to answer open scientific questions, you know, to study biology in ways that would be difficult with the animals, but using these robotsinstead,” he said. “So there are a lot of technologies and open interesting scientific questions that are really what drives us on a day to day basis.”72. The difficulty the team of engineers met with while making the robotic fly was that __________.A. they had no model in their mindB. they did not have sufficient timeC. they had no ready-made componentsD. they could not assemble the components73. It can be inferred from paragraphs 3 and 4 that the robotic fly __________.A. consists of a flight device and a control systemB. can just fly in limited areas at the present timeC. can collect information from many sourcesD. has been put into wide application74. Which of the following can be learned from the passage?A. The robotic flyer is designed to learn about insects.B. Animals are not allowed in biological experiments.C. There used to be few ways to study how insects fly.D. Wood’s design can replace animals in some experiments.75. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A. Father of Robotic FlyB. Inspiration from Engineering ScienceC. Robotic Fly Imitates Real Life InsectD. Harvard Breaks Through in Insect Study Section CDirections:Read the following text and choose the most suitable heading from A—F for each paragraph. There is one extra heading which you do not need.76.The use of health supplements such as multivitamin tablets has increased greatly in the westernworld. People take these supplements because advertising suggests that they prevent a range of medical conditions from developing. However, there is concern that people are consuming。

浦信教育用心教育2019上海高考语文试卷一积累应用10分1.按要求填空。

（5分）（1）士不可以不弘毅，________________。

《〈论语〉七则》（2）________________，尽西风，季鹰归未？（辛弃疾《水龙吟·_________》（3）《琵琶行》中，“________________，________________”两句形象地写出了琵琶声的轻快与冷涩。

2.按要求选择。

（5分）（1）学校举办诗词大赛，为激励选手，需张贴标语，以下内容合适的一项是（）。

A.俱怀逸兴壮思飞，欲上青天揽明月。

B.花径不曾缘客扫，蓬门今始为君开。

C.三十功名尘与土，八千里路云和月。

D.羽扇纶巾，谈笑间，樯橹灰飞烟灭。

（2）将下列编号的语句依次填入语段空白处，语意连贯的一项是（）。

任何一幅画，都有一个最佳的观赏距离。

________________，________________，________________，距离太近，美感就会减弱甚至消失。

①隔着一定的距离才能见着美②距离本身能美化事物③更为准确地说A.③①②B.②①③C.②③①D.①②③二阅读70分（一）阅读下文，完成第3—7题。

（16分）记忆与写作①我们一旦将“经验”区分为经历和对经历的体验，记忆在写作中究竟扮演何种角色，就不难理解了。

经历是无法即时描述的，更无法使之客观化。

我们所经历的事实，绝大部分转瞬即逝。

我们无法做到一边经历某件事，一边将它书写出来。

因此我们也可以这样说，作家所描述的经历无一例外都是记忆中的经历。

②很多研究者都注意到了经历与写作之间的“时间距离”，将这种距离的作用极端化和简单化。

看来也没什么道理。

有一种说法，作家将个人的经历在记忆中保存得越久，写作将会越客观，就如同封在坛子里的酒，时间越长，其味道越醇正。

如果情况果真如此，每位作家想必都应该在弥留之际才开始自己的创作。

不过这样的说法也提醒我们，将刚刚经历的事件立刻表达出来，的确更容易受到社会意识以及作家个人的偏见、习惯、写作目的的影响。

2019年上海秋季高考语文试卷及参考答案一积累应用10分1．按要求填空。

（5分）（1）此地有崇山峻岭，___________，又有清流激湍，映带左右。

（王羲之《兰亭集序》）（2）___________，献愁供恨，玉簪螺髻。

（辛弃疾《___________·登建康赏心亭》）（3）柳永《雨霖铃》中“多情自古伤离别，更那堪冷落清秋节”两句，直抒胸臆，感情深厚；陆游《书愤》中也有直抒胸臆一联是“________________，__________________”。

2．按要求选择。

（5分）（1）小明做事马虎，他想写一句话来警醒自己，以下句子合适的一项是（）。

（2分）A．愚者千虑，必有一得。

B．一屋不扫，何以扫天下？C．患生于所忽，祸起于细微。

D．勿以恶小而为之，勿以善小而不为。

（2）填入下面语段空白处的词句，最恰当的一项是（）。

（3分）吴人的祖先很会唱歌，这是人所共知的。

_________________，而且被民间文艺工作者收集保存。

可是吴地的舞蹈呢？我们祖先的那种伴有呜呜歌声的舞蹈哪里去了呢？A．吴歌、白茅山歌从古到今都有人会唱B．吴歌、白茅山歌有人从古到今都会唱C．有人从古到今都会唱吴歌、白茅山歌D．从古到今都有人会唱吴歌、白茅山歌二阅读70分(一)阅读下文，完成第3－7题。

（16分）常识和理论①依据我们的常识，桌面是光滑的，物理学的理论却告诉我们，桌子由原子组成，原子之间有空隙，桌面其实坑坑洼洼。

很多人疑惑：理论和常识冤家碰头时，我们是该相信理论还是该坚守常识呢？②其实，理论和常识很难笼统地拿来比较。

因为平时说的“常识”一词，所称的内容十分繁杂。

鲸鱼是一种鱼，这份常识保存在“鲸鱼”这个词里，但鲸鱼是哺乳动物，这也是大家都知道的常识。

太阳东升西落是常识，而地球围着太阳转也是常识。

为了区分，我们把“鲸鱼是哺乳动物”“地球围着太阳转”这一类常识称作“科学常识”。

本文要讨论的常识，是指来自日常经验的常识而非科学常识。

2019年上海秋季高考语文卷一积累应用（10分）1.填空（5分）（1）子曰：“君子固穷；。

”（《论语·卫灵公》）（1分）（2）寻寻觅觅；冷冷清清；。

（李清照《》）（2分）（3）《梦游天姥吟留别》中“；”两句描写梦中的声音；震动林泉；使人心惊胆战。

（2分）2.按要求选择（5分）（1）下列选项中；各句使用不恰当的一项是（）。

（2分）A、老吴七十学画；今天开画展；朋友发来短信：“莫道桑榆晚；为霞尚满天。

”B、沈教授为人真挚；安然奉教数十年；深受学生爱戴；可谓“桃李不言；下自成蹊。

”C、王老师备课总是深入而又全面；她知道“以其昏昏；使人昭昭”是不可能的。

D、小赵的论文缺乏独到的见解；他的导师给他写评语说：“言之无文；行之不远。

”（2）将下列编号的语句依次填入语段空白处；语意连贯的一项是（）（3分）艺术家可以活在艺术史中；；；；；艺术可以保持对于时代的冷漠；从而彰显艺术的自主性品格。

①艺术的独立性不是说艺术可以断绝与时代的关系②他们生活在社会历史之中③但更为普遍真实的是④而是说一种抵抗方式A、③①④②B、③②①④C、②①④③D、②③①④二、阅读 70分（一）阅读下文；完成第 3—7 题。

（16分）喜怒哀乐的经济逻辑熊秉元①十八世起的哲学家休谟说：“理智乃情感之奴。

”也是说；人是情感、情绪的动物。

②哲学家大多认为；喜怒哀乐；爱恨情仇是驾驭人的原始力量；理智不是居于支配和奴役的地位；人的境况．．；还真是可悲可悯。

③然而；法国人类学家列堆·斯特劳斯提醒世人：原始都落里看来古怪甚至是荒诞不经的仪式举措；背后其实都是有逻辑的。

这位大师的见解；相当程度上改变了学界和世人对原始部落的认知。

④既然原始部落那些古怪的仪式举措可以用新的方法得到解释；那么；情感、情绪是不是也可以用新的眼光得到新的、不同的解读呢？⑤我们先从简单的例子说起；如果人真的是情感的动物；那么一旦受到处部环境的刺激；就应不加控制地将情感表达出来；可是；被师长责备时；有多少人会回嘴或怒目以对？对于上司或面试的主考官；有多少人会直接宣泄心中不满的情绪？大概不多；除非打定“此处不留人”的主意！可见；人并非情感的动物。

2019年普通高等院校招生考试上海卷语文试卷一积累应用 10分1.按要求填空。

（5分）（1）士不可以不弘毅，______________。

《〈论语〉七则》（2）______________，尽西风，季鹰归未？（辛弃疾《水龙吟·________》（3）《琵琶行》中，“______________，______________”两句形象地写出了琵琶声的轻快与冷涩。

2.按要求选择。

（5分）（1）学校举办诗词大赛，为激励选手，需张贴标语，以下内容合适的一项是（）。

A.俱怀逸兴壮思飞，欲上青天揽明月。

B.花径不曾缘客扫，蓬门今始为君开。

C.三十功名尘与土，八千里路云和月。

D.羽扇纶巾，谈笑间，樯橹灰飞烟灭。

（2）将下列编号的语句依次填入语段空白处，语意连贯的一项是（）。

任何一幅画，都有一个最佳的观赏距离。

___________，_________，__________，距离太近，美感就会减弱甚至消失。

①隔着一定的距离才能见着美②距离本身能美化事物③更为准确地说A.③①②B.②①③C.②③①D.①②③二阅读70分（一）阅读下文，完成第3—7题。

（16分）记忆与写作①我们一旦将“经验”区分为经历和对经历的体验，记忆在写作中究竟扮演何种角色，就不难理解了。

经历是无法即时描述的，更无法使之客观化。

我们所经历的事实，绝大部分转瞬即逝。

我们无法做到一边经历某件事，一边将它书写出来。

因此我们也可以这样说，作家所描述的经历无一例外都是记忆中的经历。

②很多研究者都注意到了经历与写作之间的“时间距离”，将这种距离的作用极端化和简单化。

看来也没什么道理。

有一种说法，作家将个人的经历在记忆中保存得越久，写作将会越客观，就如同封在坛子里的酒，时间越长，其味道越醇正。

如果情况果真如此，每位作家想必都应该在弥留之际才开始自己的创作。

不过这样的说法也提醒我们，将刚刚经历的事件立刻表达出来，的确更容易受到社会意识以及作家个人的偏见、习惯、写作目的的影响。

2019 年高考试题 - 英语（上海卷）解析版注意事项：认真阅读理解，结合历年的真题，总结经验，查找不足！重在审题，多思考，多理解！无论是单选、多选还是论述题，最重要的就是看清题意。

在论述题中，问题大多具有委婉性，尤其是历年真题部分，在给考生较大发挥空间的同时也大大增加了考试难度。

考生要认真阅读题目中提供的有限材料，明确考察要点，最大限度的挖掘材料中的有效信息，建议考生答题时用笔将重点勾画出来，方便反复细读。

只有经过仔细推敲，揣摩命题老师的意图，积极联想知识点，分析答题角度，才能够将考点锁定，明确题意。

I.ListeningComprehensionSectionADirections: InsectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Atthee ndofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationandthe questionwillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,rea dthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestio nyouhaveheard.1.W:Canyoudescribewhatyoudo?M:Iwashofficebuildingwindows.Igohighupinthebaskettoreachthewindows.Q:Whatistheman'sjob?A.Abasketballplayer.B.Alaundryworker.C.Awindowwasher.D.Arockclimber【答案】 C.Awindowwasher.【解析】这是一道事实细节题。

2019年上海高考英语试题(精校版) 1 普通高等学校招生全国统一考试上海英语试卷II. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions : After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. In the presence of animals A professor of public health at UCLA says that pet ownership might provide a new form of health care. As far back as the 1790s, the elderly at a senior citizens’ home in England 21 (encourage) to spend time with farm animals. This would help patients ’ mental state more than the cruel therapies 22_______ (use) on the mentally ill at the time. In recent years, scientists have finally begun to find proofs 23 contact with animals to increase a sick person’s chance of survival and ha ve shown 24 (lower) heart rate, calm upset children, and get people to start a conversation. Scientists Scientists think think think t t hat hat animals’animals’companionship companionship is is is beneficial beneficial beneficial 25 25 animals animals are are are accepting accepting accepting and and attentive, and they don’t cri ticize or give orders. Animals have the unique ability to be more social. For example, visitors to nursing homes get get more social responses more social responses f rom from patients patients when they when they come with animal companions. Not only do people seem 26 (anxious) when animals are nearby, but they may also live longer. Studies show that a year 27 heart surgery, survival rates for heart patients were higher for those with pets in their homes than those without pets. Elderly people with pets make fewer fewer trips trips trips to to to doctors doctors doctors than than than those those those without without without animal animal animal companions, companions, companions, possibly possibly possibly because because because animals animals animals relieve relieve loneliness. Staying with animals is believed to create a peaceful state of mind, 28 (result) in a favorable environment for everyone. Research Research confirms confirms confirms that that that the the the findings findings findings concerning concerning concerning senior senior senior citizens citizens citizens can can can be be be applied applied applied to to to restless restless children. They are more easy-going when there are animals around, with 29 company they tend to calm down more easily. They involve 30 in playing with animals and the presence of animals conforms them greatly. Section B Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. suspected B. fortunately C. invasions D. inevitable E. accustomed F. unreliable G. features H. acknowledged I. inclusion J. transferred K. instantly The The iPhone iPhone iPhone X, X, X, Apple’s Apple’s Apple’s new new new s s mart mart phone, phone, phone, is is is equipped equipped equipped with with with facial facial facial recognition. recognition. recognition. 31 31 , , its its scanner can unlock the system. It requires no buttons to be pressed, being always ready to read your face. Android users can expect similar 32 as well. For the millions of people who will soon depend on facial recognition to check their email, send a text or make a call, it will be quick, easy and pretty “cool cool”” to use. However, as we grow 33 to the technology, we cannot become numb to the problems that come with it. Facial recognition is already used everywhere. In China, police use the technology to identify people who jaywalk (乱穿马路). In the United State, more than half of all adults are in a facial recognition database that can be used for criminal investigation. Governments, however, are not the only users of facial recognition. Retailers (零售商) use the technology in their stores to identify 34 shoplifters. One social media app in Russia allows strangers to find out who you are just by taking a photo of you. However, However, different different different users users users of of of facial facial facial recognition recognition recognition produce produce produce different different different levels levels levels of of of accuracy. accuracy. accuracy. Camera Camera distance, lighting, facial pose all affect the accuracy. Officials at the New York Police Department, for example, have 35 at least five misidentifications by their facial recognition system. If the iPhone’iPhone’s new system is similarly 36 s new system is similarly 36 , no one will consider it to be acceptable security for our personal information. 37 , it probably won’t be. But for many of the systems elsewhere, mistakes and 38 of privacy might be unavoidable. As the smart phone of choice for many users, the iPhone’s 39 s 39 of facial recognition may encourage consumers to accept the technology elsewhere. However, even as we choose to explore the convenience facial recognition might offer, we should also be suspicious of the many ways it can be used. Facial recognition may well be 40 . Its risks need not be! III. Reading Comprehension (45%) Section A Directions : For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Famous people often say that the key to becoming both happy and successful is t o “do what you love.” But mastering a skill, even one t hat you deeply love, 41 a huge amount of dull work. Anyone Anyone who who who want want want to to to master master master a a a skill skill skill must must must run run run through through through the the the cycle cycle cycle of of of practice, practice, 42 feedback, modification, modification, and and and increasing increasing increasing improvement improvement improvement again, again, again, again again again and and and again. again. again. Some Some Some people people people seem seem seem able able able to to concentrate concentrate on on on practicing practicing practicing an an an activity activity activity like like like this this this for for for years years years and and and take take take pleasure pleasure pleasure in in in their their their gradual gradual improvement. improvement. Y et Y et others others others find find find this this this kind kind kind of of of focused, focused, focused, time-intensive time-intensive time-intensive work work work to to to be be 43 or or boring. boring. Why? The The difference difference difference may may may turn turn turn on on on the the the ability ability ability to to to enter enter enter into into into a a a state state state of of of “f “f “flow,low,low,”” the the feeling feeling feeling of of of being being completely 44 in what you are doing. Whether you call it being “in the zone,” or something else, a flow state is a special experience. Since Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi developed the 45 of flow in the 1970’s, it has been a mainstay of positive-psychology research. Flow states can happen in the course of any activity, and they are most common when a task has well-defined goals and is at a(n) 46 skill level, and where the individual is able to 47 their performance to clear and immediate feedback. Csikszentmihalyi Csikszentmihalyi suggested suggested suggested that that that those those those who who who most most 48 entered entered into into into flow flow flow states states states had had had an an “auto “autotelic telic telic personality personality personality ((自带目的性人格)” a a disposition disposition disposition to to to seek seek seek out out out challenges challenges challenges and and and get get get into into into a a state state of of of flow. flow. flow. While While While those those those without without without such such such a a a personality personality personality see see see difficulties, difficulties, difficulties, autotelic autotelic autotelic individuals individuals individuals see see opportunities to build skills. Autotelic individuals are receptive and open to new challenges. They are are also also 49 and and have have have low low low levels levels levels of of of self-centeredness. self-centeredness. self-centeredness. Such Such Such people, people, people, with with with their their their capacity capacity capacity for for “disinterested int e re ere erest” have a great st” have a great 50 over others in developing their innate abilities. Fortunately Fortunately for for for those those those of of of us us us who who who aren’t aren’t 51 blessed blessed with with with an an an autotelic autotelic autotelic personalily, personalily, personalily, there there there is is evidence that flow states can can be be 52 by environmental factors. 53 , , the the the learning learning framework prescribed by Montessori schools seems to encourage flow states. While there isn’t (yet) a pill that can turn mundane practice into a thrilling activity for anyone, it t (yet) a pill that can turn mundane practice into a thrilling activity for anyone, it is is heartening heartening heartening that that that we we we seem, seem, seem, at at at least least least to to to some some 54 , , to to to be be be able able able to to to nudge nudge nudge ourselves ourselves ourselves toward toward toward flow flow states. states. By By By giving giving giving ourselves ourselves ourselves unstructured, unstructured, unstructured, open-ended open-ended open-ended time, time, time, minimal minimal 55 , , and and and a a a task task task set set set at at at a a moderate level of difficulty, we may be able to love what we’re doing while we put in the hard work practicing the things we loving doing. 41. A. inquires B. requires C. acquires D. gains 42. A. preventable B. maintainable C. sustainable D. critical 43. A. frustrating B. encouraging C. concerning D. instructing 44. A. improved B. indicated C. involved D. inspired 45. A. concept B. receipt C. reception D. condition 46. A. alternative B. appropriate C. approximate D. sufficient 47. A. make B. adopt C. adapt D. adjust 48. A. fully B. really C. readily D. accidentally 49. A. generous B. persistent C. courageous D. resistant 50. A. addict B. advance C. advantage D. admire 51. A. necessarily B. obviously C. gradually D. occasionally 52. A. forbidden B. functioned C. fastened D. facilitated 53. A. In particular B. For example C. In conclusion D.In comparison 54. A. intention B. degree C. purpose D. extension 55. A. temptation B. charming C. attractions D. distractions Section B Directions : Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read. (A) The adaptation of books to the big screen is nothing new to our society. Books have become well-respected tools for creating a better Hollywood. However, films should be just as respected for their ability to create better writers. The main skill films help writers develop is attention to progress. Most directors and screenwriters know that the majority of people are not willing to sit through a five-hour film. Thus, every scene must have a purpose. This is a vital objective to keep in mind when writing a novel or short story. With most writing courses placing emphasis on literary techniques, it is easy to become more invested in diction than with actually moving the plot forward. Films remind the writer that while a novel ought to have some degree of literary complexity, the goal at the end of each chapter, page, or sentence is simple: keep the story moving. Films not only help writers develop a plot, but also also help help help writers writers writers develop develop develop specific specific specific moments moments moments within within within their their their stories. stories. stories. Although Although Although writing writing writing a a a means means means of of expression, not all things are easy to express in writing, especially facial expressions and emotions. Films Films allow allow allow writers writers writers to to to study study study the the the bodily bodily bodily and and and emotional emotional emotional actions actions actions that that that make make make characters characters characters read read read more more realistically and make stories more tempting. Lastly, Lastly, sometimes sometimes sometimes it it it takes takes takes a a a film film film to to to bring bring bring about about about a a a story story story idea idea idea in in in the the the first first first place. place. place. Stop Stop Stop using using using a a horribly specific or extremely uninteresting prompt. A pleasing theme or aesthetic can be enough to inspire a character or setting. As writers, whether fiction or independent, our works often arise from the things we see around us or the things we wish we could see. Nonetheless, our works also arise from from the the the visuals visuals visuals that that that have have have been been been created created created for for for us. us. us. As As As literature literature literature continues continues continues to to to enter enter enter the the the film film film industry, industry, perhaps we should make use of film techniques in our literature. 56. 56. Reminded by films, a writer can move the plot forward by Reminded by films, a writer can move the plot forward by . A. keeping in mind that every word should mean something. B. providing a description of as many details as possible. C. paying attention to further enhancing literary complexity. D. choosing the perfect word to go with his/her thought. 57. According to the postage, films help writers develop in many aspects except . A. getting an improved expressiveness B. focusing on keeping the story moving. C. complicating their thinking and life. D. bringing in inspiration for new works. 58. The word “prompt prompt”” (paragraph 4) probably means . A. a reason to write. B. a topic to start from. C. an excuse to put off working. D. an element to attract relationship. 59. Which of the following statement s best represents the author’s thoughts in this passage?A. book writers are the ones promoting the growth of the film industry. B. directors and screenwriters are more respected than fiction writers. C. writers should spend more time on wording rather than on other things. D. filmmaking technique could help book writers to improve themselves. (B) American Airlines Date of Issue: 233 JAN 10 Ping Luo: Thank Thank you you you for for for choosing choosing choosing American American American Airlines/American Airlines/American Airlines/American Eagle, Eagle, Eagle, a a a member member member of of of the the the one one one world world TMAlliance. Below is your journey plan for the ticket(s) purchased. Please print and keep possession of this document for use throughout your trip. Record locator: HPMDLH You may check in and obtain your boarding pass for U.S. domestic electronic tickets within 24 hours of your flight time online at AA. Come by using / checkin or at a Self-Service Check-In Check-In machine machine machine at at at the the the airport. airport. airport. For For For faster faster faster check-in check-in check-in at at at the the the airport, airport, airport, scan scan scan the the the barcode barcode barcode at at at any any any AA AA Self-Service machine. Effective Effective February February February 1, 1, 1, American American American Airlines Airlines Airlines will will will be be be cashless cashless cashless onboard onboard onboard all all all flights. flights. flights. For For For in-flight in-flight purchases, purchases, we we we will will will accept accept accept Citi Citi ○R /A /A Advantage Advantage ○R MasterCard ○Rand and other other other major major major credit credit credit or or or debit debit cards cards only. only. only. Cashless Cashless Cashless cabins cabins cabins will will will not not not be be be implemented implemented implemented onboard onboard onboard American American American Eagle Eagle Eagle and and and American American Connection flights … only cash will continue to be accepted onboard those flights. eTicket Carrier Flight number Departing Arriving Booking Code City Date & time City Time American Airlines 4290 NASHVILLE SUN, 31 JAN 11:05 AM CHICAGO OHARE 12:40 PM Q OPERATED BY AMERICAN EAGLE Ping Luo Economy Seats 9C Food for Purchase American Airline 4131 CHICAGO OHARE SUN 31 JAN 2:40 TM MADISON 3:25 PM Q OPERATED BY AMERICAN EAGLE Ping Luo Economy Seats 17C Food for Purchase 60. 60. The above document serves as _______. The above document serves as _______. A. evidence of booked tickets. B. explanations of check-in policies. C. a reminder of airline regulations. D. an airline ticket and its confirmation. 61. During his journey, Ping Luo will . A. fly non-stop to his destination. B. arrive in Chicago in the late afternoon of the same day. C. have to stay at CHICAGO OHARE airport for two hours. D. reach his final destination on the next day. 62. 62. According to the document, in order to check in at the airport faster, a passenger may According to the document, in order to check in at the airport faster, a passenger may . A. arrive at the airport far ahead of time. B. choose the seat in advance. C. use a self-service machine. D. contact the record locator online. (C) There There are are are classes classes classes for for for the the the mothers mothers mothers of of of babies, babies, babies, but but but there there there’s ’s ’s no no no helping helping helping with with with your your your mum mum mum and and and dad dadgrowing old. Old people’s wards are hell for old people. G eriatric wards are bedlam and bonkers. A toothless woman screaming when left alone, a cry that reaches the high hospital ceiling. A woman effing and blinding — the polite curtain will not protect her from the indignity of a happy change. A woman who lives the same moment in repeat, dressed up for going home in a bright red, over the dressing grown, asking for the key to her house, sa ying over and over: “Am I going home today?”And though my mum, by the time she was released, knew that her life was charmed compared with the lives of t he world’s refugees. It seems to me as if the plight (困境) of old people, while not as as horrible horrible horrible as as as the the the plight plight plight of of of refugees, refugees, refugees, shares shares shares some some some of of of the the the horror. horror. horror. Just Just Just as as as we we we live live live in in in a a a society society society that that hasn’hasn’t caught up with technology, the kind of moral choices it gives people, we also live in a world t caught up with technology, the kind of moral choices it gives people, we also live in a world t hat hat hasn’t hasn’t hasn’t kept kept kept up up up with with with its its its ageing ageing ageing population. population. population. We We We have have have the the the advances advances advances in in in medical medical medical science science science and and technology technology that that that have have have kept kept kept people people people alive alive alive longer, longer, longer, but but but not not not the the the advances advances advances in in in how how how to to to treat treat treat our our our ageing ageing population. Society is lagging behind the old, failing and falling. There There are are are certain certain certain small small small but but but piercing piercing piercing similarities similarities similarities between between between the the the treatment treatment treatment of of of the the the old old old and and and the the treatment of refugees. The old are often displaced from their homes, moved out against their will; decisions are often made for them that they have no say over. Often, they are treated as fools or halfwits, crowded t ogether in one place, given clothes that don’t belong to them, treated as a fallen tribe, incapable of any individuality. Nobody imagined my mother was a secretary of the Scottish peace peace movement, movement, movement, a a a primary primary primary teacher, teacher, teacher, a a a lifelong lifelong lifelong socialist, socialist, socialist, a a a witty witty witty woman. woman. woman. Out Out Out of of of hospital, hospital, hospital, my my 85-year-old 85-year-old mum mum mum said: said: said: “going “going “going into into into hospital hospital hospital at at at my my my age age age puts puts puts years years years on on on you. you. you. God God God save save save from from from old old people’s wards. You never think of yourself as old. You look across t he ward and think, am I like t hat?”63. The treatment of the old is compared of that of the refugees in order to . A. prove they have a lot in common B. show the terrible status of the old C. display their similarities and differences D. indicate that old people have to leave their home 64. What can be interred from the passage? A. Refugees lead a better life than old male patients. B. Old people are ill-treated due to their loss of individuality. C. T he author’s mom is capable of teaching and being a socialist in the meanwhile. s mom is capable of teaching and being a socialist in the meanwhile. D. T he treatment of the ageing population doesn’t develop as science advances.65. T he author’s mom felt that life in the hospital s mom felt that life in the hospital . A. made her much older. B. created her a mature woman. C. enable her to look back at life. D. let her full of gratitude to children. 66. The passage mainly discussed . A. the life of refugees and old people. B. social responsibility to old women. C. improper treatment of old people. D. preparing for ageing parents. Section C Directions : Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can he used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. A. Clear solutions already exist for reducing greenhouse gas emissions. B. Despite this, how our dietary choices affect climate change is often underestimated. C. Food, especially livestock, also lakes up a lot of room D. In developed countries, vegetarianism would bring all sorts of environmental and health benefits. E. No matter how much their carnivorous friends might deny it, vegetarians have a point: cutting out meat delivers multiple benefits. F. Though a relatively small increase in agricultural land, this would more than make up for the loss of meat. What would happen if the world suddenly went vegetarian? People become vegetarians for a variety of reasons. Some do it to make animal suffering, others because they want to pursue a healthier lifestyle. Still others are fans of sustainability or wish to reduce reduce greenhouse greenhouse greenhouse gas gas gas emissions. emissions. 67 And And the the the more more more who who who make make make the the the switch, switch, switch, the the the more more more those those perks would manifest on a global scale. Jarvis and other experts at Colombia’s Inte rnational Centre for Tropical Agriculture carried out researches to see what might happen if meat dropped off the planet’s m enu overnight. menu overnight. First they examined climate change. Food production accounts for one-quarter to one-third of all greenhouse greenhouse gas gas gas emissions emissions emissions from from from human human human activities activities activities worldwide, worldwide, worldwide, and and and the the the worst worst worst of of of responsibility responsibility responsibility for for those numbers falls to the livestock industry. 68 In the US, for example, an average family of four emits more greenhouse gases because of the meat they eat than from driving two cars but it is cars, not steaks, that regularly come up in discussions about global warming. 69 Of Of the the the world’s world’s world’s approximately approximately approximately 12 12 12 billion billion billion acres acres acres of of of agricul agricul agricultural tural tural land, land, land, 68% 68% 68% is is is used used used for for livestock. Should we all go vegetarian, ideally we would give at least 80% of that pastureland (牧场) to to the the the restoration restoration restoration of of of grasslands grasslands grasslands and and and forests, forests, forests, which which which would would would capture capture capture carbon carbon carbon and and and further further further alleviate alleviate climate change. The remaining 10 to 20% of former pastureland could be used for growing more crops to fill gaps in the food supply. 70 That That’s because one’s because one -third of the land currently used for crops is -third of the land currently used for crops is dedicated to producing food for livestock not for humans. Summary Writing: Directions : Read Read the the the following following following passage. passage. passage. Summarize Summarize Summarize the the the main main main idea idea idea and and and the the the main main main point(s) point(s) point(s) of of of the the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Learning by Rote in the Digital Age Rote Rote learning learning learning has has has become become become seen seen seen as as as an an an outdated outdated outdated method method method of of of teaching. teaching. teaching. The The The dictionary dictionary dictionary defines defines learning ‘by rote’ a s : ‘from memory, without thought of the meaning: in a mechanical way’.The The decline decline decline of of of rote rote rote learning learning learning has has has been been been quickened quickened quickened by by by technology. technology. technology. No No No one one one needs needs needs to to to memorize memorize friends’ phone numbers or email addresses because such data is conv eniently stored and accessible electronically. And why remember when and where World War Two broke out when you can find the answer on the Internet in about 6 seconds? But now there are voices for a need to return to rote learning. In fact, memorizing key data is essential to learning any skill. Doctoring requires knowledge of medicine medicine and and and lawyering lawyering lawyering requires requires requires knowledge knowledge knowledge of of of cases cases cases and and and laws. laws. laws. Of Of Of course, course, course, being being being able able able to to to recall recall things will not further your understanding of those things, but without memorizing these foundation elements, you cannot progress to a deeper understanding of a subject. While the Internet and computers have weakened the need for us 10 remember things, it may well be that mobile learning can help bring this style of learning back to life by making it more convenient and more fun. Drilling yourself with flashcards or by repetition is usually hard and boring work, which is why most most people people people need need need their their their multiplication multiplication multiplication tables tables tables to to to be be be drilled drilled drilled into into into them them them by by by teachers teachers teachers or or or parents. parents. parents. Rote Rote learning learning without without without a a a willing willing willing third third third party party party can can can be be be a a a battle battle battle of of of discipline discipline discipline and and and motivation. motivation. motivation. But But But mobile mobile learning learning can can can make make make those those those flashcards flashcards flashcards and and and drills drills drills more more more appropriate appropriate appropriate to to to individual individual individual study; study; study; our our our digital digital devices can challenge and inform us at the same time and also keep us motivated, whether through game-like structures or recording our progress. Once you’ve acquired the e ssentials of a subject by rote learning, you will find it easier to go deeper in the application of knowledge which is important. V . Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets . 1. 李雷宁愿受罚也不愿说谎。