GCT语法大全
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语言知识部分讲课内容第一讲第一节时态第二节语态第二讲第一节虚拟语气第二节倒装第三讲第一节从句第二节强调第四讲第一节一致第二节非谓语动词第五讲第一节形容词、副词比较级第二节情态动词的一些特殊用法第六讲第一节词汇及其搭配第二节易混淆词辨析第七讲第一节构词法第二节练习第一讲第一节时态一、一般现在时一般现在时通常表示习惯动作、一般状态、客观规律和永恒真理。
如主语为第三人称单数,动词后需加s 或es。
He always gets up late on Sunday.He lives on a lonely island in the Pacific Ocean.The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.注意:在以as soon as, when, after 等引导的时间状语从句中,或以if, unless等引导的条件状语从句中,通常用一般现在时代替一般将来时。
I will ring you as soon as he comes back.You will succeed if you try your best.二、现在进行时现在进行时表示说话时正在进行的动作,也表示目前一段时间内正在进行的活动。
表示后一种情况时,动作不一定正在进行。
They are putting up the scaffolding.Steve is studying Chinese in Beijing.注意1.并非所有动词都有进行时,有些表示状态和感觉的动词通常无进行时,除非这类动词的词义发生变化。
这类动词有:be, love, hate, believe, think, feel, seem等。
2.现在进行时也可以表示将来的动作,它指按人们的计划、安排将要发生的动作或指即将开始的动作I am leaving for Beijing tomorrow.Imagine I am seeing the Mona Lisa3.现在进行时也可以用来给习惯性动作加上赞赏或讨厌等感情色彩。
GCT英语翻译整理Unit 11.频繁的战争以及缺少公路减缓了这一地区的发展。
(retard)Frequent wars and lack of roads retarded the development of this area.2.这一丑闻曝光使总统处于尴尬境地。
(exposure)The exposure of the scandal put the president in an awkward position.3.当今我们的首要任务是学习。
(priority)The top priority of our work nowadays is study.4.这个地区一连下了3天大雪。
(on end)It snowed heavily for three days on end in this area.5.那个水手签约参加去印度的航行。
(sign up)The sailor signed up for a voyage to India.6.这里有两个网球场供俱乐部正式会员使用。
(available)There are two tennis courts available for the regular members of the club.7.他们用努力工作来弥补时间上的损失。
(make up)They worked hard to make up the lost time.8.学校提供了大量培训阅读技巧的好材料。
(develop)The school provided a lot of good materials for developing the reading skills.Unit 21.政府决定暂停公务5天。
(suspend)The government decided that the public business was to be suspended for five days.2.其他学生很钦佩他理解力深刻。
GCT常考词组随机循序记忆版sure of /about 对...有信心, 确信come true 实现Rich in 富于keep one´s head 保持镇静bring into effect 实行; 使生效representative of 代表...的have in mind 想到; 记得; 打算take care of 照顾, 照料equal to 相等, 胜任keep in mind 记住give way 让路, 让步Lose one´s head 慌乱, 仓皇失措make sure 查明; 务必content with 满足于go ahead 开始, 进行conscious of 察觉到, 意识到had better 应该Help oneself 自用, 自取intent on 专心于absent from 不在, 缺席bound for 开往...get hold of 得到, 获得lose one´s temper 发脾气, 发怒favorable for 有帮助的do one´s best 尽力, 努力go into operation 生效, 实施Play a part(in) 起作用, 参于make up one´s mind 下决心, 打定主意get rid of 丢弃, 摆脱Take(a)delight in 以...为乐go wrong 出错, 出故障make way 让路, 让出地方considerate towards 体谅, 体贴make the best of 充分利用particular about 挑剔, 讲究Take the place of 代替, 取代keep pace (with) (与...)齐步前进Free of /from 未受...; 免费inferior to 级别低于, 不如cut short 中断, 打断come to one´s senses 醒悟; 苏醒consequent on 随之而来piece together 拼合contemporary with 与...同时代essential to/for 必不可少appropriate for/to 适当, 合适make the most of 充分利用make use of 使用, 利用make a /the difference 有影响,起作用guilty of 有...罪的independent of 不受...支配anxious about/for 忧虑, 担心prior to 在...之前Gain an advantage over 胜过, 优于let alone 更别提, 不打扰indignant with sb. 愤慨void of 没有, 缺乏subject to 受制于, 易于similar to 相似clever at 善于take turns 依次, 轮流expert at/in/on 善于ashamed of 羞愧, 害臊can not help 禁不住, 忍不住opposite to 在对面popular with 受...喜爱, 爱戴catch fire 着火; 烧着impatient of 无法容忍Pay attention to 注意parallel to 与...平等, 类似fit for 适于Bear in mind 记住Take part (in) 参加, 参于mad about/on 狂热迷恋invisible to 不可见的indifferent to 无兴趣, 不关心put to use 使用comparable to/with 可比较put into operation 实施; 使生效critical of 挑剔, 批评leave alone 不打扰, 不干预distinct from 种类(风格)不同fearful of 惧怕let go (of) 放, 松手apt at 聪明, 善于necessary to /for 必要的short of 缺少responsible for 负责, 是...原因close to 接近, 亲近skilled at /in 善于Sick of 厌恶, 厌倦Mad at/with sb. 生气, 愤怒mad with 因...发狂favorable to 支持, 赞成impatient for 急切, 渴望ignorant of 不知道impatient at sth. 不耐烦superior to 优于,级别高于sensible of 觉查到May as well 还不如, 不妨keep one´s word 守信用certain of /about 确信, 肯定think better of 经考虑改变对..的看法hungry for 渴望catch one´s breath 喘气,松口气;屏息liable to 易于set fire to 使燃烧, 点燃get the best of 战胜carry into effect 施行; 使生效doubtful of /about 怀疑east of 在...东面equivalent to 等于, 相当于lose heart 失去勇气, 丧失信心Next to 下一个, 其次clear of 没有, 不接触find fault (with) 找岔come into operation 施行, 实行, 生效angry with sb at/about sth 生气, 愤怒innocent of 无...罪,无辜catch sight of 看到, 发现see that 注意, 务必, 保证available to sb for sth 可用, 可供get together 会面, 装配uncertain of /about 不确知be friends with 与...友好had rather...than 宁愿...而不愿... familiar with sth 熟悉, 通晓take pains 努力, 尽力, 下苦功fatal to 致命的Give rise to 引起, 导致patient with 有耐心try one´s best 尽力, 努力Lose sight of 忘记, 忽略; 看不见Take into account 考虑contrary to 违反familiar to sb 为...所熟悉never mind 不要紧; 不用担心crazy about 热衷, 着迷take for granted 认为...理所当然catch one´s eye 引人注目make fun of 取笑, 嘲弄put into effect 实施; 使生效enjoy oneself 过得快活make sense 讲得通, 言之有理make one´s way 去, 前往fond of 喜欢relative to 与...有关cast light on/upon 阐明, 使了解bare of 几乎没有, 缺乏be about to do 刚要,即将keep on 爱好, 很喜欢could not help 禁不住, 忍不住free with 康慨, 大方peculiar to 独特的, 独有的see to it that 注意, 务必, 保证abundant in 富于put into practice 实施; 实行faithful to 忠实于learn by heart 记住, 背诵Take one´s time 不着急, 不着慌loyal to 忠于apt to 易于get the better of 战胜, 占上风sufficient for 足够的take effect 生效, 起作用take a chance 冒险, 投机careful of/about/with; 小心, 注意capable of 能够Take...for 把...认为是take advantage of 利用,趁...之机jealous of 嫉妒tired of 对...不在感兴趣take place 发生, 进行, 举行liable for 对...有责任bring into operation 实施; 使生效Lead the way 引路, 带路to throw light on 阐明, 使了解go into effect 施行, 实行, 生效make friends 交朋友had rather 宁愿aware of 意识到counter to 与...相反vital to 对...关系重大suspicious of 怀疑open to 不限制, 开放的curious about 好奇, 想知道suitable for/to 适合于have an advantage over 胜过, 优于applicable to 适用于alien to 与...相反typical of 是典型的, 特有的Take care 当心, 注意keep an eye on 留意, 照看approximate to 近似, 接近fall in love with 爱上have nothing to do with 和..毫无关系foreign to 非...所原有come into effect 生效; 实施Take charge 管理, 接管sensitive to 对...敏感about/in doing characteristic of 特有, 独特。
GCT词汇Anti反,抗anti-warauto自automobilebi双bicyclebio生命,生物biologyco col共同cooperatecoordinatecolleaguede除去,否定;离开decreasedeletedi dis无,不,相反disappeardischargediscountdiscouragediscoveren使成为enableencourageenforceenlargeentitleex前,向外exchangeexclaimexcludeextra外extraordinaryil ir不,非illegalim in进入impossible import invadeinter间,相互interact interviewkilo千kilogram kilometermid中midnight middaymini小minimummis误misunderstand mislead mono单一monopolymulti多multiple multiplynon非,不nonsensepost后于postgraduatepre先于prescribe prescriptionre再reactreactionrecallrecoverrecyclereformrefreshrepayrenewreplacereserveretreatsub下,次subsequent substitute subtract subwaysuper sur上,超supermarket surface surnametele远telegram telephone telescope televisiontrans横贯,转移transform transporttri三triangleun不,无uneasyunfortunately unfortunateunfairunforgettableunlikeunusualunder在。
AA,anart.一(个);任何一个;每,每一件abandonv.放弃;抛弃abilityn.能力,智能;才能,才干ablea.有能力的,能干的,显示出才华的able to inf. 能,会aboardad.在船(飞机,车)上,上船(飞机,车)prep.在(船,飞机,车)上,上(船,飞机,车)abortionn.流产,夭折aboutad.在周围,附近,到处;大约,差不多prep.关于,对于;在…周围,在…附近a.准备be about to+inf.即将aboveprep.在…上面,超过,高于a.上面的,上述的ad.在上面,以上above all首要,尤其abroadad.到国外,在国外;到处absencen.缺席,不在场;缺乏,没有absenta.(from)缺席,不在场;缺乏的漫不经心的absolutea.绝对的,完全的absorbv.吸收;吸收,使专心be absorbed in专心于abusen.滥用,虐待,辱骂;陋习,弊端V 滥用,虐待,辱骂academica.学院的;学术的acceptv.接受,认可;同意,认可acceptablea.可接受的acceptancen.接受,验收;承认,认可accessn.接近,进入;入口,通道,入口;接近(或进入)的方法have/gain access to可以获得accidentn.事故;意外的事,偶然的事by accident偶然accompanyv.陪同,伴随;为…伴奏accomplishv.完成according to按照,根据accountn.账(目,户);叙述,说明v.说明,解释account for说明(原因等)on account of因为,由于take …into account考虑accuratea.精确的,准确的accusev.(of)控告,谴责accustomeda.惯常的,习惯的be accustomed to习惯于achev.痛n.疼痛,酸痛achievev.完成;达到,达成,获得achievementn. 完成;达到, ,获得acidn.酸a.酸的acquirev.取得,获得;学到acren.英亩acrossprep.横过,穿过;在...对面,与...交叉ad.横过,穿过,横断;宽,阔actv.行动,做事;(on)起作用;表演n.行为,动作;(一)幕;法令,条例actionn.行动,行为;动作,活动;(on)作用activea.有活力的,活跃的,敏捷的,在活动中的activistn.积极分子,活动分子actorn.男演员actressn.女演员actuala.实际的,现实的ActuallyAd.事实上ad=advertisementn.广告adaptv.(to)(使)适应,适合;改编,改写addv.(to)加,增加;补充说,又说add up to合计,总计additionn.(增)加,加法;附加(物)in addition另外in addition to除...之外addressn.地址,通讯处,致词v.致函,写姓名地址;向...讲话adequatea.足够的,充分的,恰当的v.毗连,靠近adjustv.调节,调整,校正)administrationn.管理,经营;行政(机关,部门);政府admirev.钦佩,赞赏,羡慕admitv.让...进入,接纳;承认adoptv.采用,采纳,通过;收养adultn.成(年)人a.成年人的,已成熟的advancev.前进,进展;推进,促进;提出(建议等);提前n.前进,进展;预付,预支in advance提前,预先advanceda. 高级的,先进的,前进的advantagen.优点,长处,有利条件;利益,好处gain/have an advantage over胜过,优于take advantage of利用adventuren.冒险,冒险活动;奇遇advertisev.做广告advertisementn.广告advicen.劝告,忠告,(医生等的)意见advisablen.可取的,适当的advisev.劝告,忠告;建议;通知v.提倡,鼓吹aeroplane/airplanen.飞机aerospacen.太空,宇宙空间affairn.事,事情,事件affectv.影响;感动affectionn.爱,慈爱,感情;影响affordv.担负得起,买得起,花得起(时间);供给,给予afraida.(of)怕,害怕的;恐怕,担心的African.非洲Africana.非洲(人)的n.非洲人afterprep.在…以后,在...后面conj.在...后ad.以后,后来afternoonn.下午,午后againad.又,再(次),重新againstprep.对(着),逆;反对;违反;靠近,倚在;对比agen.年龄;时期,时代v.变老,老化agoad.以前,...前agonyn.苦恼,痛苦agreev.(to,with)同意,赞成;一致,适合agreementn.同意,一致;协定,协议agriculturen.农业aheadad.在前,向前,提前,前头ahead of在...前面,先于aidv.援助,救援,帮助n.援助,救护;助手,辅助物,辅助设备aimv.(at)目的在于,旨在;瞄准,针对n.目标,目的airn.空气,大气,天空;神气,架子v.使通风in the air在流行中,在传播中aircraftn.航空器,飞机airlinen.航线;航空公司airplanen.飞机airportn.机场,航空站alarmn.警报;惊恐,惊慌v.使惊恐,惊动,惊吓;向...报警alcoholn.酒精,乙醇alikea.相同的,想像的alivea.活着着;活跃的,热闹的alla.所有的,全部的pron.一切,全部ad.完全,都,十分above all首要,尤其after all终于,毕竟;虽然这样all but几乎,差一点;除...之外其余都all out全力以赴,竭尽全力all over遍及,到处all right行,可以;顺利,良好at all完全,根本in all总共,共计not at all一点也不allowv.允许,准许;承认;让...得到allow for考虑到allowancen.津贴,补助(费)make allowance(s) for考虑到,顾及;体谅,原谅almostad.几乎,差不多alonea.单独,独立,独一无二的ad.仅仅,只;单独地,独自leave/let...alone听其自然,不要去管let alone更不用说alongprep.沿着ad.向前along with与...一起aloudad.出声地,大声地alphabetn.字母表alreadyad.已,已经alsoad.也,同样;而且,还alterv.改变,变更althoughconj.尽管,虽然,即使altogetherad.完全,全部地;总共;总之aluminum/aluminiumn.铝alwaysad.永远,始终;总是,一直amazev.使惊奇,使惊愕,使惊叹amazinga.令人惊讶的,令人吃惊的,ambitionn.雄心,野心ambitiousa.有雄心的,野心勃勃的ambulancen.救护车American.美洲;美国Americana.美洲(人)的;美国(人)的n.美国人;美国人among(st)prep.在…之中,在...中间amountn.数量,总额v.(to)合计,总共达,等于amusev.逗...笑,给...以娱乐(消遣)analysisn.分析,分解analyze/analysev.分析,分解ancestorn.祖宗,祖先anchorn.锚v.抛锚,停泊ancienta.古代的,古老的andconj.和,与,而且;那么;接连,又angeln.天使angern.(愤)怒,气愤v.使发怒,激怒anglen.角;角度,方面,观点angrya.愤怒的;生气的;(风雨等)狂暴的animaln.动物,野兽,牲畜a.动物的,野兽的anklen.踝announcev.宣布,发表,通行;报告...的来到annoyv.使恼怒,使生气,打搅annuala.每年的,年度的n.年刊,年鉴anothera.另一,再一;别的,不同的pron.另一个,类似的一个one after another一个接一个one another互相answerv.回答,答复,响应;(for)负责,保证;(to)符合,适合n.回答,答复,答案antarctica.南极(区)的n.[the Antarctic]南极洲,南极(圈)antennan.天线anxietyn.挂念,焦虑,焦急,忧虑;渴望,热望anxiousa.(about)忧虑的,担心的,焦急的;渴望的anya.[否定,疑问,条件句中]什么,一些;任何的,任一的pron.无论哪个,无论哪些;一个,一些ad.稍,丝毫anybodypron.任何人,无论谁;重要人物anyhowad.不管怎样,无论如何;不论用何种办法anyone=anybodypron.任何人,无论谁anythingpron.无论什么事(物),一切;什么事(物),任何事(物)anything but除...以外任何事(物),根本不anyway=anyhowad.无论如何anywheread.在什么地方,无论哪里apart2ad.撇开;分开,分离;相距,相隔apart from除去apologyn.道歉,歉意,认错apparatusn.器械,设备,仪器,装置apparenta.(to)明显的,显而易见的;表面的,貌似的appealv.(to)呼吁,要求;对...有吸引力;申述,上诉n.(to)呼吁,要求;吸引力;申诉,上诉appearv.出现,显露;出场,问世;来到;好像是,仿佛appearancen.出现,出场,露面;外表,外貌,外观appetiten.食欲,胃口;欲望,爱好,要求applen.苹果(树)appliancen.用具,器具appliantn.申请者applicationn.请求,申请(书,表);应用,运用;施用,敷用applyv.(for)申请,请求;(to)适用,应用,运用appointv.任命,委任;约定,指定appointmentn.任命,委任;约定,指定appreciatev.感谢,感激;正确评价,欣赏,赏识approachv.靠近,接近,邻近n.方法,途径;探讨appropriatea.(to)适当的,恰如其分的approvaln.赞成,同意;认可,批准approvev.(of)赞成,满意,同意;批准,审定,通过approximatelyad.近似地,大约Apriln.四月Arabn.阿拉伯人a.阿拉伯的Arabiann.阿拉伯人a.阿拉伯(人)的archaeologyn.考古学architecturen.建筑(式样,风格);建筑学arctica.北极(区)的n.[the Arctic]北极,北极圈arean.面积;地区,区域;范围,领域arguev.争论,辩论;主张,论证;说服argumentn.争论,辨认;论据,论点arisev.出现,发生;(from)由…引起,由...产生arithmeticn.算术armn.(手)臂,臂状物;扶手,衣袖;[pl.][总称]武器,武装v.武装,装备armyn.军(队),陆军;大群aroundad.各处,到处;周围,在附近;大约prep.在...周围,在...附近,在...各地arousev.唤醒,唤起;激起,引起arrangev.整理,排列,布置;安排,筹备arrangementn.安排,准备工作;整理,布置arrestv./n.逮捕,拘留arrivaln.到来,到达;到达的人或物arrivev.到达,来到arrive at达到,得出arrown.箭;箭头(符号),箭状物artn.艺术,美术;技术,技艺;[pl.]文科,人文学科articlen.文章,论文;物品,商品;项目,条款;冠词artificiala.人工的,人造的;人为的,娇揉造作的artistn.艺术家,美术家artistica.艺术(家)的,美术(家)的asad.一样,同样conj.像...一样;由于;正当;以致;虽然,尽管prep.作为,如同ashn.灰(烬)ashameda.(of)羞耻,惭愧,害臊Asian.亚洲Asiana.亚洲(人)的n.亚洲人asidead.在旁边,到旁边aside from除...以外askv.(询)问;请求,要求;(邀)请,约请asleepa.睡着的aspectn.样子,外表,面貌;(问题等的)方面assemblev.集合,集会,会议;装配assemblyn.集合,集会,会议;装配assessv.估价,评价assetn. (pl.)资产,财产;有用的资源,宝贵的人/物;优点,益处assignv.分配,委派;指定(时间,地点等)assignmentn.分配,委派;任务,(课外)作业assistv.帮助,援助,协助assistantn.助手,助教a.辅助的,助理的associatev.(with)使联系,使联合;交往,结合n.合作人,伙伴,同事,同行a.副的associationn.协会,团体;联合,联系,交往;联想assumev.假装;假定,设想;采取,承担;呈现assurev.使确信,使放心;保证,担保astonishv.使惊讶,使吃惊astronautn.宇航员astronomyn.天文学atprep.[表示地点,位置,场合]在,于,到...处;[表示时刻,时节,年龄]在...时,当;[表示目标,方向]对着,向;[表示速度,价格等]以,在...方面athleten.运动员Atlantica.大西洋的n.[the Atlantic]大西洋atmospheren.大气(层);空气;气氛,环境;大气压(压力单位)atomn.原子;微粒,微量atomica.原子的,原子能的在职攻读硕士学位全国联考英语考试大纲词汇表第 3 页attachv.(to)缚上,系上,贴上;使依附,使隶属,使依恋attached to附属于,隶属于attackv./n.攻击,进攻,抨击;着手,开始n.(病)发作attemptv.尝试,试图n.(at)企图,努力attendv.出席,参加;(to)照顾,护理attentionn.注意(力),留心;立正pay attentin to注意attituden.(to,towards)态度,看法;姿势attorneyn.律师attractv.吸引,招引,引诱,引起(注意等) attractionn.吸引,吸引力attractivea.有吸引力的,引起兴趣的,动人的attributen.属性,品质,特征v.(to)把…归于;认为...是...所为auctionn.拍卖vt.拍卖audiencen.听众,观众,读者;谒见,会见audion./a.声音(的),听觉(的);音频(的),音响(的)Augustn.八月auntn.伯母,婶母,姑母,舅母,姨母Australian.澳大利亚,澳洲Australiana.澳洲的;澳大利亚(人)的n.澳大利亚人authorn.作者;创始人authorityn.权力,威信,权威;权威者,有权威性的典籍;[pl.]当局,官方auton.汽车automaticn.自动机构a.自动的,无意识的,机械的automobilen.汽车autumnn.秋(季)auxiliarya.辅助的,补助的availablea.可用的,可得到的;可以见到的,随时可来的avenue n.林荫道,大街;途径,手段averagen.平均(数)a.平均的;通常的,一般的avoidv.避免,回避,逃避awakea.醒着的,警觉的v.唤醒,唤起;醒,觉醒,醒悟到,认识到awardn.奖(品)v.授予,奖给awarea.(of)知道的,意识到的awayad.离开,远离;…去,...掉;不断...下去right away立即,马上awfula.极度的,极坏的,糟糕的;威严的,可怕的ad.十分,极度地awkwarda.笨拙的,不灵活的;棘手的,尴尬的;使用不便的ax/axen.斧(子)axisn.轴(线);构图中心线Bbabyn.婴儿,孩子bachelorn.单身汉;[亦作B-]学士(学位)backn.背(面),后面a.后面的ad.在后,向后;回,回复;以前v.后退;支持backgroundn.背景,经历backwarda.向后的,倒行的,落后的;迟钝的ad.(also backwards)向后,朝反方向bacterium([pl.]bacteria)n.细菌bagn.袋,包baggagen.行李balancev.称,(使)平衡n.天平,称;平衡,均衡;差额,结余,余款balln.球,球状物;舞会balloonn.气球bananan.香蕉bandn.条,带;乐队;波段;一群,一伙v.缚,绑扎bankn.岸,堤;银行,库v.存入银行bankern. 银行家bankrupta.破产的barn.条,杆,棒,棍,闩;酒吧,餐柜;栅,栏,障碍(物)v.闩上,阻拦,拦住,妨碍barbern.理发师barea.赤裸的,光秃的,空的;稀少的,仅有的v.露出,暴露bargainn.廉价货;交易,契约,合同v.议价,成交barkv.吠叫,咆哮n.吠声,狗叫声barreln.桶;枪管,炮管barriern.栅栏,屏障;障碍(物)basen.基础,底部;基地,根据地v.(on)把...基于,以...为根据baseballn.棒球basementn.建筑物的底部,地下室,地窖basica.基本的,基础的Basicallyad.基本地,根本地basinn.盆,脸盆;内海,盆地basisn.基础,根据on the basis of根据,在...的基础上basketn.篮(子),篓basketballn.篮球bathn.沐浴,洗澡;浴室(池,盆)v.(给...)洗澡batteryn.电池(组);炮兵连,炮组battlen.战役,战斗;斗争v.战斗,斗争,搏斗bev.(就)是,等于;(存)在;到达,来到,发生beachn.海滩,湖滩,河滩beamn.(横)梁,桁条;(光线的)束,柱v.微笑;发光4beann.豆;菜豆,蚕豆bearn.熊v.忍受,容忍;负担,负荷;结果实,生子女beardn.胡须beastn.兽,牲畜;凶残的人,举止粗鲁的人beatn.敲打,敲击声,节拍;(心脏等)跳动,搏动v.打,敲;打败,战胜;(心脏等)跳动,搏动beautifula.美(好)的beautyn.美(丽);美人,美丽的东西becauseconj.因为becomev.成为,变得;适宜,同...相称bedn.床(位);苗床,圃,花坛;河床,矿床,海底been.(蜜)蜂beefn.牛肉beern.啤酒beforeprep.在…以前;在...前面,当着...的面conj.在...之前ad.前面,从前,早些时候begv.乞求,乞讨;请求,恳求beggarn.乞丐,穷人beginv.开始beginningn.开始,开端behalfn.利益on behalf of代表,为了behavev.举止,举动,表现;运转,开动behavior/behaviourn.行为,举止;(机器的)特性behindprep.在…后面,落后于ad.在后,向后,落后beingn.生物,人;存在,生存beliefn.信仰,信条;相信,信念believev.(in)相信,信仰;认为bell n.钟,铃belongv.(to)属于,附属,隶属;应归入(类别,范畴等)beloveda./n.受爱戴的,敬爱的;爱人,被心爱的人belowprep.在...下面,在...以下ad.在下面,向下beltn.(皮)带,腰带;地带benchn.长凳,条凳;(工作)台,座bendv.(使)弯曲;屈从,屈服n.弯曲(处),曲折处beneathprep.在…下边,在...之下ad.在下方beneficiala.(to)有利的,有益的benefitn.利益,好处,恩惠v.有益于;(from,by)受益benta.弯曲的besideprep.在…旁边,在...附近;与...相比besidesprep.除...之外ad.而且,还有besta.最好的ad.最,最好(地)betv.赌,打赌n.打赌,赌注bettera.较好的,更好的ad.更好(地)v.改良,改善n.较佳者,较优者betweenprep.在(两者)之间ad.当中,中间beyondprep.在(或向)...的那边,远于;迟于;超出ad.在那边,在远处Biblen.圣经bicyclen.自行车bidv.祝愿;命令,吩咐;报价,投标n.出众,投标biga.大的,巨大的;重大的,重要的biken.自行车billn.账单;招贴,广告;单子,清单,(人员,职称等的)表;钞票billionnum./n.[美]十亿,[英]万亿bindv.捆,绑,包括,束缚biographyn.传记biologyn.生物学birdn.鸟,禽birthn.出生,分娩;出身,血统birthdayn. 生日biscuitn.饼干,点心bitn.一点,一片,一些bitev./n.咬,叮n.一口bittera.(有)苦(味)的;痛苦的,厉害的blacka.黑(色)的,黑暗的n.黑人,黑色blackboardn.黑板bladen. 刀刃,刀片;叶片;翼blamev.责备;怪,怨,把…归咎于n.责任,过错;责备blanka.空白的,空着的;失色的,无表情的n.空白;表格blanketn.毛毯,毯子blastn.一阵(风),一股(气流);爆炸冲击波;管乐器或汽笛声v.爆炸,爆破bleedv.出血,流血blinda.瞎的;盲目的v.使失明;蒙蔽n.百叶窗blockn.大块木料(或石料,金属);一排房屋,街区;阻塞v.阻塞,拦阻,封锁bloodn.血(液);血统,宗族,门第;血气,气质bloomn.花(朵);开花(期)v.开花blowv.吹(气),充气,打气;吹响(乐器,号角等),吹风;爆炸,爆裂在职攻读硕士学位全国联考英语考试大纲词汇表第 5 页n.打,殴打,一击,打击bluea.(天)蓝色的,青的;伤心的,沮丧的,忧郁的n.蓝色boardn.板,木板,纸板;全体委员,委员会,部门;伙食;船舷v.上船(车,飞机)on board在船(车,飞机)上boastv.(of,about)自夸,夸耀n.自夸,大话boatn.小船,艇bodyn.身体,躯体,本体;主体;尸体;物体;(一)群,批,堆boilv.(使)沸腾,煮(沸)bolda.大胆的,勇敢的;冒失的;黑体的,粗体的boltn.螺栓,(门,窗的)插销v.闩(门),关窗,拴住bombn.炸弹v.投弹于,轰炸bondn.结合(物),粘结(剂),联结;公债,债券,契约bonen.骨(骼)bookn.书(籍);卷,篇,册v.预定,订(票,房间等)boomv.迅速发展,兴旺;发出隆隆声bootn.(长统)靴boothn.电话亭,货摊bordern.边界,国界;边(沿)v.交界,与...接壤;接近borev.钻(孔),挖(洞),打眼,钻探;烦扰,使厌烦n.讨厌的人,麻烦事boringa.令人厌烦的n. 钻孔borna. 出生的;天生的,生来的n.(心)胸borrowvt. 借,借用bossn.工头,老板,上司v.指挥,支配,发号施令bothpron.二者,双方a.两,双both...and既...又...,两个都botherv.打扰,烦扰;烦恼,操心n.麻烦bottlen.瓶(子)v.装瓶bottomn.底(部);基础,根基;海底,湖底,河床boundv./n.跳(跃)a.被束缚的,理应...的,必定的,一定的;准备(或正在)到...去的,开往...的boundaryn.分界线,边界bowv./n.鞠躬,点头n.弓(形);蝴蝶结bowln.碗(状物),钵boxn.箱(子),盒(子);包厢v.拳击,打耳光boxingn. 拳击boyn.男孩;男服务员,男仆brainn.(大)脑,骨髓;[pl.]脑力,智能brakev./n.制动(器),闸,刹车branchn.(树)条,分支;分部,分店;(学科)分科,部门;支流,支脉,支线brandn.商标,标记,牌子v.使铭记;打火印,打烙印bravea.勇敢的breadn.面包breadthn.宽度,幅breakv.打破,折断,破碎;使中止,打断;破坏,违反n.打断,中止;休息时间breakdownn.垮,衰竭;损坏,故障,倒塌breakfastn.早饭,早餐v.吃早饭breastn.胸膛,乳房breathn.呼吸,气息breathev.呼吸,吸入breedv.(使)繁殖,生殖;产生,引起;教养,抚养,饲养n.品种,种类breezen.微风,和风brickn.砖(状物)briden.新娘bridgen.桥(梁)v.架桥,建桥briefa.简短的,简洁的v.简短介绍,简要汇报brighta.明亮的,辉煌的;聪明的,伶俐的;欢快的,美好的brillianta.光辉的,灿烂的;卓越的,有才华的bringv.带来,拿来;引起,导致Britisha.不列颠的;英国(人)的brittlea.易碎的,脆(弱)的broada.宽的,广阔的;广大的,广泛的;宽宏的,豁达的bronzen.青铜(色),青铜制品brothern.兄弟;同胞;教友brown.眉(毛);额browsev./n.浏览brownn./a.褐色(的),棕色(的)brushn.刷(子),毛刷;画笔v.刷,擦,掸,拂;擦过,掠过bubblen.泡,水泡,气泡v.冒泡,起泡,沸腾bucketn.水桶,吊桶budgetn.预算v.做预算buildv.造,建筑,建设,建立build up积累,堵塞;树立,逐步建立;增进,锻炼buildingn.建筑(物),房屋,大楼bulkn.体积,容积;主体,大批,大量,大块in bulk散装;大批,大量bulletn.子弹,枪弹bunchn.(一)簇,束,捆,串bundlen.捆,包,束burdenn.担子,负担,重担bureaun.署,局,司,处burnv.燃烧,烧毁,烧伤6n.烧伤,灼伤burn out烧掉burstv.爆裂,炸破;突然发生,突然发作n.突然破裂,爆发buryv.埋(葬),安葬;埋藏,遮盖busn.公共汽车trolley 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on请,来吧,跟着来,快点;开始,来临;进展,发展;出场,上演come out出版,刊出;出现,显露,长出;结果是,结局是;被解出come round/around来访,前来;苏醒,复原come through经历,脱险come to总计,达到;苏醒,复原come true实现,达到come up走近,上来;发生,被提出come up to达到,符合come up with提出,提供comfortn.舒适,安逸;安慰,慰问v.安慰,使舒适comfortablea.舒适的,自在的commandn.命令,指令;统帅,指挥(权);掌握,运用能力v.命令;指挥,统帅commandern.司令官,指挥官commentn.注释,评论,意见v.(on)注释,评论commercen.商业,贸易commerciala.商业的,商务的,贸易的commissionn.委员会;委任,委托(书),代办;佣金,手续费commitv.把...交托给,提交;犯(错误),干(坏事)committeen.委员会,全体委员commodity在职攻读硕士学位全国联考英语考试大纲词汇表第9 页n.商品,物品commona.普通的,平常的;(to)共同的,公共的in common共用,共有,共同communicatev.传达,传送;交流;通讯,通话communicationn.通讯,传达,传送,交流;[pl.]通讯系统;[pl.]交通(工具)communismn.共产主义communista.共产主义的communityn.同一地区的全体居民,社会,社区;共同体companionn.同伴,共事者;伴侣companyn.公司,商号;陪伴,同伴;宾客,客人;连(队),(一)群,(一)队,(一)伙keep company with与...交往,与...结伴comparablea.(with,to)可比较的,比得上的comparativea.比较的,相当的comparev.(with,to)比较,相比,对比;比作compare...to把...比作comparisonn.比较,对比,比喻,比拟by comparison比较起来compelv.强迫,迫使compensatev.(for)补偿,赔偿competev.比赛;竞争competenta.有能力的,胜任的competitionn.比赛;竞争competitorn.竞争者,敌手complainv.(about,of)抱怨;申诉complaintn.抱怨,诉苦;申诉;疾病completea.完全的,圆满的v.完成,结束,使完满complexa.复杂的;合成的,综合的n.联合体complicateda.错综复杂的,麻烦的,难解的complicationn.复杂,纠纷;并发症componentn.组成部分,成分,元件,部件a.组成的,合成的composev.组成,构成;(of)由...组成;创作(作曲,诗歌等)composern.作曲家;创作者compositionn.作品,作文,乐曲;写作,作曲;结构,组成,成分compoundn.混合物,化合物a.混合的,化合的,复合的comprehensiona.理解(力),领悟computern.计算机,电脑;计算者concealv.隐藏,隐瞒,隐蔽concentratev.(on)集中,专心;浓缩n.浓缩物concentrationn.专注,专心;集中;浓度conceptn.概念,观念,思想concernv.涉及,关系到v./n.关心,挂念n.(利害)关系as/so far as...be concerned就...来说be concened with关心,挂念,从事于concertn.音乐会,演奏会;一齐,一致concludev.结束,终止;断定,下结论;缔结,议定conclusionn.结束,终结;结论,推论in conclusion最后,总之concretea.具体的,有形的,实质性的n.混凝土v.用混凝土修筑,浇混凝土condemnv.谴责,指责;判刑,宣告有罪conditionn.状况,状态;[pl.]环境,形势,条件on condition that在...条件下conditionern.调节装置,空调conductn.行为,举动,品行v.引导,带领;处理,管理;指挥(乐队);传导,传(热,电等)conductionn.传导conductorn.领队,(乐队)指挥;(电车等的)售票员,列车员;导体,导线conferencen.会议,讨论会confidencen.(in)信任;信心,自信;秘密,机密confidentn.(of,in)确信的,自信的confirmv.使更坚固,使更坚定;(进一步)证实;确认,批准conflictn.战斗,斗争;抵触,冲突v.(with)抵触,冲突confusev.使混乱,混淆confusionn.混乱,混淆congratulatev.(on)祝贺,向...致贺词congratulationn.(on)祝贺,[pl.]祝贺词congressn.(代表)大会;[Congress](美国等国的)国会,议会connectv.(with)连接,连结connection/connexionn.联系,连接conquerv.征服,战胜,占领;克服,破除(坏习惯等)consciencen.良心,良知consciousa.(of)意识到的,自觉的;有意识的,神志清醒的conservevt..保存,保护,节约;守恒,不灭considerv.认为,把...看作;考虑,细想;体谅,照顾considerablea.相当大(或多)的,可观的;值得考虑的consideratea.考虑周到的,体谅的considerationn.需要考虑的事,理由;考虑,思考;体谅,照顾consistv.(in)在于,存在于;(of)由…组成,由...构成consequentadj.作为结果的,随之发生的constanta.经常的,不断的;坚定的,永恒的,忠实的n.常数,恒量n.成分,要素constructv.建设,建造,构造;创立consultv.与...商量,请教;查阅;(with)商量,商议consultantn.会诊医师,顾问医生;顾问consumev.消费,消费,耗尽consumern.消费者,用户contactv./n.(使)接触,联系,交往contain10。
GCT英语语法5道题 10%词汇5道题 10%阅读理解20题四篇文章 40%完形填空10题 20%会话技能10题 20%第一部分语法10%1. 时态题For后跟时间段和since后跟时间点就是现在完成时态的标志; By后跟一个将来时间点就是将来完成时态的标志。
一般现在时,一般过去时,现在进行时,将来完成时will have done2. 语态题及物动词和不及物动词的区别P43.虚拟语气题三种虚拟语气的形式:原形动词形式、提前一个时态形式和过去时形式。
与三种虚拟形式的特殊搭配规则条件句与主句的时态对应规则混合式虚拟语气形式条件句中省略if和替代if的规则例如suggest表示建议、命令、要求时,宾语从句的谓语动词一般省略should,直接跟原形动词;suggest表示显示时,时态视情况而定。
4. 复合句题注意引导从句的连接词,whether和if;that和what引导名词性从句的区别,what=the thing that;引导条件状语从句的从属连词providing that,provided,in that,now (that); In that 引导的从句对主句进行解释的说明,意思是“在….的方面,在于…..,因为”,Now (that)表示既然;一些疑问词在词尾加上ever后,也可引导让步状语从句相当于no matter+疑问词;So …that和such….that的区别:so后接形容词或副词,such后接名词;5. 非谓语动词搭配题P106. 倒装句题型P11具有否定意义的词或短语置于句首时,句子一般部分倒装。
这类词或短语包括:not,never,seldom,hardly,rarely,scarcely,by no means,under no circumstances,in no way,at no time等;as或though引导的让步状语从句常用倒装,一般一些形容词或副词等置于句首,例如:Wealthy as he is,I don’t envy him,only等表示程度或频率的副词置于句首时,句子一般倒装;no sooner…(than),hardly…(when)=as soon as,结构也要求助动词与主语位置颠倒。
GCT英语考试常用词组表A few 少许,一些 A great many /A good many许多,大量A great deal/ A good deal许多,大量 A little一些,少许;稍许,一点儿A lot/ a lot of /lots of大量,许多;相当 A number of许多About to即将Above all首先,尤其Accustomed to习惯于Add to增加,添加,补充Add up to总计,等于;意指After a while过了一会Agree on/upon同意Agree with与…意见一致After all毕竟,虽然这样Ahead of time提前Ahead of在…前,先于Aim at瞄准,针对;在,旨在All at once突然;同时,一起All of a sudden突然All out全力以赴All over到处,遍及All right行,可以;顺利,良好All round周围,处处All the same仍然,照样地And so forth等等And so on等等Apply to将…应用于;涂,抹Approve of赞赏,同意;批准,通过Around the clock/ Round the clock昼夜不断地,连续24小时地As a matter of fact实际情况,真相As a result由于,因此As a rule通常As far as /so far as只要;就…而言As for/as to至于;就…而言As if/as though好象,仿佛As long as /so long as只要,如果;既然As soon as一…就…As usual象往常一样,照例As well as既…又…,除…之外As well同样,也倒不如,不妨As…..as与…一样Ask for请求,要求At a loss困惑,不知所措At a time每次,一次At all costs无论如何,不惜,任何代价At all完全,根本At any rate无论如何,至少At best/at the best充其量,至多At first最初,首先At hand在手边,在附近At heart在内心,实质上At home在家,在国内;自在,自如At large总的,一般;在逃At last最终,终于At least最低限度At most/at the most最多,至多At once立刻,马上At present目前,现在At cost of以…为代价At the moment此刻At times有时At work在工作,忙于At worst/at the worst在最坏的情况下Back and forth来回,往返Back down/off放弃,让步,退却Back up支持,援助Based on以…为基础Be friends with对…友好,与交上朋友Be made up of由…组成/构成Because of由于,因为Before long不久以后Begin with从…开始Benefit from收益于…Both…. And …. 既…又…Break away (from) 脱离,逃跑Break down分解,瓦解Break in强行进入,闯入;打断,插嘴Break into闯入Break out突然发生,爆发Break throught突破Break up打碎,拆散bring about使发生bring forward将…提前;提议bring out使出现,使显明bring up抚养,教育;提出问题build up增长;积累;增强burn out烧掉burn up烧尽by accident/by chance偶然,碰巧by all means一定,务必by and by不久以后,将来by far…得多by h and用手by heart牢记,凭记忆by itself单独地,独自地by means of用,凭借by mistake错误地by the way顺便提一下,另外by turns轮流,交替地by way of通过…方式Call for要求,需要call off取消call on/upon访问,拜访;号召,呼吁call up召集,动员;打电话can not help禁不住,忍不住care for照管,关心;喜欢,意欲carry on继续,坚持下去;从事,经营carry out执行,贯彻catch fire着火,烧着catch up with追上,赶上Check in办理登记手续Check up/(up) on校对,检验,检查Check out结帐后离开;检验,核查come about发生,产生Clear up解释,澄清;(天气)变晴come aross偶遇,碰到;发生效果come off成功,奏效come on请,来吧,快点come out出版,刊出;传出,显出,长出;结果是,结局是come round/around来访,前来;苏醒,复原come through经历,脱险come to苏醒,复苏come true实现,达到come up出现compare…to把…比做consist in在于,存在consist of由…构成,由…组成contribute to为…出力/贡献convince….of使信服correspond to相当于,对应,符合count up把…相加cross out删去,取消cut back削减,减少cut down削减,减少,降低cut in插嘴,打断cut off切掉,剪去,删去under control被控制住under the circumstances在这种情况下,情况既然如此under way进行中up to date时兴的up to一直到;等于;从事于,忙于use up用光,花完Wait on伺候warm up变热What about(对于)…怎么样wear down磨损,损耗;使疲劳what if如果…将会怎样;即使…又有什么要紧Whether or是…还是…,不管…还是…wipe out消灭,毁灭Work at/on从事work out解决,算出;设计出,制定出Work up引起,激起;逐渐向上,向上爬worry about担心Would rather宁愿,宁可get across解释清楚,使人了解get along (with)相处;有进展,有起色get away (from)逃脱,离开get hold of抓住,掌握get in收获;到达,进站get off下车,从…下来;离开,动身,开始get on (with)继续做;上车;在…方面取的进展get out of逃避,改掉get over克服,(从病中)恢复过来get rid of摆脱,除去get through结束,完成;接通电话get together集会,聚会get up起床,起立give away泄露,暴露,出卖give back送还,恢复give in投降,让步,认输give off发出,放出give out分发,分派give rise to引起,造成give up放弃,辞去;投降,屈服give way to让位于,被…代替go about从事,干;闲逛go after追逐,追求go ahead开始;前进,领先go along with陪同前往,随行go around/round足够分配go by经过,放过,过去go for竭力想取得;喜爱,支持,拥护go in for从事,致力于,追求,沉迷于go into研究,讨论,调查,审查go off爆炸,被发射;离去,走调go on (with)继续,持续go on the stage当演员go out熄灭go over浏览,读一遍;检查;复习;重说(读,看)go through完成,做完;检查,审查,搜查go with陪同前往;与…一致,与…调和go without没有,缺乏,将就;无需,没有…也行good for有效,适用,胜任watch out(for)戒备,提防had better最好还是,应该hand down传下来,传给,往下递hand in交上,递交hand in hand手拉手;联合,连在一起hand on传下来,依次传递hand out分发,发给hand over交出,移交,让给hang about闲荡,徘徊,逗留hang on to紧握住;坚持下去hang on紧抓不放hang up挂断(电话)have back要回,收回have on穿着,戴着have to do with与…有关have to/have got to不得不,必须have…..in mind牢记…head for朝…走去heart and soul全心全意help oneself自取所需(食物等)hold out坚持,不屈服hold on握住不放hold up举起,支撑,承载;阻挡,使停止here and there到处,处处hold back踌躇,退缩不前hold on to紧紧抓住hurry up使赶快;迅速完成how about…如何,…怎么样in a hurry匆忙,立即in a moment一会儿in a sense从某种意义上说in a word总而言之in addition (to)除…之外,加之in advance提前,预先in all总共,共计in any case总之,无论如何in brief简单地说in case of假如,万一in case假如,以防in charge (of)负责,管理in common共用,共有in danger在危险中,垂危in debt欠债,欠情in detail详细地in difficulty/~ties处境困难in effect实际上,事实上in fact实际上,事实上in favo(u)r of赞成,支持有利于in front of在…前面,面对in future今后,从今以后in half成两半in hono(u)r of向…表敬意,为庆祝,为纪念in general通常,一般来说in no time立即,马上in one’s way/in the way妨碍,阻碍in order that以便in order to以便,为了in order整齐,秩序井然in other words换句话说,也就是说in particular特别,尤其;详细地in person亲自in place在适当的位置in place of代替in practice实际上,在实践中in public公众地in question在考虑中,在议论中的in return(for)作为回报,作为报答in secret秘密地,私下地in short简言之,总之in sight被见到,在望in spite of尽管,不顾,虽然in tears流着泪,含泪,哭in the end最后,终于in the face of面对in the first place起初,首先in the future将来in the least一点,丝毫in the world究竟,到底in time及时地,适时地in turn依次,轮流insist on/upon坚持,坚持认为instead of代替interfere in/with妨碍,阻碍,干扰,干涉if only要是…就keep back阻止,阻挡;隐瞒,保留keep down控制,压制,镇压;压低,放低(声音)keep house管理家务keep in touch保持联系keep off不接近,避开keep on继续,保持keep one’s word守信用keep out of躲开,置身…之外keep track通晓事态,注意动向keep up with跟上,不落后keep up继续,坚持;保持,维持keep…in mind记住…knock down撞倒,击倒knock out打昏,淘汰laugh at讥笑,嘲笑lay down放下,拟订;铺设lay off(临时)解雇;休息lay out安排,布置,设计;摆开,陈列,展示lead the way带路,引路lead to通向;导致,引起learn…by heart牢记…leave alone听其自然,不要去管leave behind落后;把…留下;忘带leave out省略,遗漏let alone听其自然,不要去管;更不用说 let down放下,降低;使失望let go放开,松手let in让…进入,放…进来let off放(炮,烟火),开枪let out放出,发出;放大(衣服)line up排队,使排成一行live on/by靠…生活,以…为食live through度过,经受住live up to无愧于,不辜负look after照顾,关心,照料look at看,注视look back回顾,回头看look down upon看不起look for寻找,寻求look forward to盼望,期盼look in顺便看望,顺便;访问look into窥视,调查,过问look on旁观,观看look out注意,警惕look over检查,查看,调查look through浏览,温习look up to尊敬,敬仰look up查找,查阅,寻找,查出lose heart丧失勇气,失去信心make a difference有影响,很重要make for走向,冲向make friends交朋友,友好相处make fun of取笑,嘲弄make one’s way前进,行进make sense讲得通,言之有理make out开列,书写;看出,辨认出;理解,了解make sure查明,弄确实make the most of充分利用make up for补偿,弥补make up拼凑,组成,构成;编造(故事,谎言等)make up one’s mind决定,下决心make use of利用make way开路,让路mix up混合,混淆,搞糊涂more or less或多或少,多少有点keep back阻止,阻挡;隐瞒,保留keep down控制,压制,镇压;压低,放低(声音)keep house管理家务keep in touch保持联系keep off不接近,避开keep on继续,保持keep one’s word守信用keep out of躲开,置身…之外keep track通晓事态,注意动向keep up with跟上,不落后keep up继续,坚持;保持,维持keep…in mind记住…knock down撞倒,击倒knock out打昏,淘汰laugh at讥笑,嘲笑lay down放下,拟订;铺设lay off(临时)解雇;休息lay out安排,布置,设计;摆开,陈列,展示lead the way带路,引路lead to通向;导致,引起learn…by heart牢记…leave alone听其自然,不要去管leave behind落后;把…留下;忘带leave out省略,遗漏let alone听其自然,不要去管;更不用说 let down放下,降低;使失望let go放开,松手let in让…进入,放…进来let off放(炮,烟火),开枪let out放出,发出;放大(衣服)line up排队,使排成一行live on/by靠…生活,以…为食live through度过,经受住live up to无愧于,不辜负look after照顾,关心,照料look at看,注视look back回顾,回头看look down upon看不起look for寻找,寻求look forward to盼望,期盼look in顺便看望,顺便;访问look into窥视,调查,过问look on旁观,观看look out注意,警惕look over检查,查看,调查look through浏览,温习look up to尊敬,敬仰look up查找,查阅,寻找,查出lose heart丧失勇气,失去信心make a difference有影响,很重要make for走向,冲向make friends交朋友,友好相处make fun of取笑,嘲弄make one’s way前进,行进make sense讲得通,言之有理make out开列,书写;看出,辨认出;理解,了解make sure查明,弄确实make the most of充分利用make up for补偿,弥补make up拼凑,组成,构成;编造(故事,谎言等)make up one’s mind决定,下决心make use of利用make way开路,让路mix up混合,混淆,搞糊涂more or less或多或少,多少有点neither…nor…既不…也不…never mind不要紧,没关系no doubt无疑,必定no longer不再,已不no matter…无论,不管…no more不再no sooner…than…一…就…no wonder难怪,怪不得not as/so…as…不如…那样…not only…but(also)…不仅…而且…now that既然of course自然,当然,无疑off and on断断续续,不时地off duty下班on behalf of代表…on board在船(飞机)上on business因公,因事on duty值班,当班on earth究竟,到底on foot步行on fire烧着on hand在手边,临近on one’s own独自,靠自己on purpose故意,有意on sale上市,出售;减价,贱卖on schedule按预定时间on the average平均,一般说来on the contrary相反,反之on the one hand…on the other hand…一方面…,另一方面…on the road在旅途中on the spot当场,在现场on the whole总的来说on time准时on top of在…之上once in a while偶而,有时once more再一次,又一次once upon a time从前once after another一个接一个One another互相or else否则,要不然or so大约,左右out of在…外,离开,从…里;出于,由于;缺乏,没有out of breath喘不过气来,上气不接下气out of control失去控制out of danger脱离危险out of date过时的,陈旧的out of doors在户外out of order发生故障,失调out of place不适当的,不得其所的out of practice久不练习,荒疏out of sight看不见,在视野以外out of the question不可能的,办不到的out of touch失去联系out of work失业owing to由于,因为pass away去世,逝世pass out失去知觉,昏倒pay attention to注意pay back偿还,回报pick out选出,挑选pick up拣起,拾起;(车船等)中途搭(人)/带(货);增加play with以…为消遣,玩弄point out指出,指明pull down拉倒,拆毁pull out拔出,抽出,取出pull up使停下put across解释清楚,说明put aside储存,保留put away把…收起来,放好put down记下,写下put forward提出put off推迟,拖延put on穿上,戴上;上演;增加(体重) put out熄灭,消灭,灭(灯);生产,出版,发布put up with容忍,忍受put up举起,升起,提(价);为…提供食宿;建造,搭起,支起;张贴quite a little相当多,不少quite a few还不少,有相当数目rather than而不,不顾refer to查阅,提到,谈到rely on依靠;信赖remind sb. of使想起,提起;提醒result from起因于result in导致ring up打电话rub out擦掉,拭去run across偶然遇到run down撞倒,撞沉run for竞选run into偶然遇到,撞见,碰撞run out(of)用光,耗尽run over浏览,匆匆复习run through匆匆地看see (to it) that负责,照料,注意,留心see about调查,查询see into调查,检查see off给…送行see through看穿,识破seek after/for搜寻,寻找,寻觅send for派人请,召唤;索取send in呈报,提交,送来serve as担任;起…作用set about开始,着手set aside宣布无效;驳回,废止set back推迟,延缓,阻碍set fire to使燃烧,点燃set off动身,出发;使爆炸,使爆发;引起set out动身,出发,开始;制定,打算settle down定居,过安定的生活set up建立,设立,树立;资助,使自立,扶持show in领入show off炫耀,卖弄show up使显现,使醒目shut down关闭shut out排除shut up住口;关上全部门窗sick of厌烦side by side肩并肩,一个挨一个sit up迟睡,熬夜slow down放慢速度so far迄今为止so that以便,为的是;结果是,以致so…as to…如此…以至于…,如此…以便so…that…如此…以至于…sooner or later迟早,早晚speak of谈到speak out大声说speed up使加速stand by站在旁边,袖手旁观;站在一起,stand for代替,代表,意味着支持,帮助stand out突出,显眼stand up for为…辩护,维护stand up to勇敢的面对,坚决抵抗stand up站起,竖起step by step逐步step down让位,下台step in插入,介入Step up提高,加快,加紧Stick to坚持,忠于,信守Substitute for替代;取代,代替Such as象…那样的,诸如,例如Such that那样的…以至Sum up总结,概括Take advantage of乘…之机,利用Take after与…相象Take apart拆开Take care留心;保重Take charge负责,看管Take care of照顾,照料;承当,处理,负责Take delight in以…为乐Take down记下,写下Take effect生效,见效Take ….for granted想当然,认为…理所当然Take for认为,以为Take in接受,容纳;领会,理解;欺骗Take off拿走,脱下;起飞Take on呈现,具有,装出;接纳,接受;承担,从事take one’s time不急不忙,从容进行take over接管,接收take part(in)参加,参与take place发生,进行take the place of代替take turns轮流take up占去,占据;开始从事;拿起talk back顶嘴talk into说服talk over商量,讨论thanks to由于,多亏that is就是说,即the moment that一…就…think better of改变注意,重新考虑think of想到,想起think over仔细考虑think of as把…认为是…throw away扔掉,抛弃throw up呕吐touch on关系到,涉及try on试穿try out实验try one’s best尽力turn down调低,关小turn in交出,上缴;转身进入,拐入turn into使变成turn off关,关闭turn on打开,拧开turn over翻过来,翻倒turn out生产,制造;驱逐,使离开;证明是,结果是turn to转向;求助于turn up出现,发生Take a chance冒险一试take pains尽力,煞费苦心。
gct英语语法讲解这里对GCT英语的语法进行了详细的讲解,简单易懂。
下面是小编给大家整理的gct英语语法,供大家参阅!gct英语语法:动词动词的基本分类have; do; be(1)助动词will would ;may might; can could; must; need; shall should;ought to; dare注意:特殊情态动词:would rather, would sooner; would (just) as soon; had better, had sooner; can not but; may (just) as well.情态动词在虚拟语气中的含义及其用法。
(2)实意动词及物动词:transitive verb可以直接跟宾语,且必须有宾语。
We reached the railway station at noon.I believe that the committee will consider our suggestion.Our suggestion will be considered by the committee.不及物动词:intransitive verb有宾语,需搭桥。
We arrived at the railway station at noon.Listen to me.无宾语,亦可以。
Birds fly. The sun rises.动词的基本时态、语态的构成形式及其用法;一般现在时(主谓一致):现在进行时:现在完成时(重点):某一个动作的完成对现在会产生影响用现在完成时,他不表示具体的时间一般将来时:将来进行时;将来完成时一般过去时:过去进行时;过去完成时(重点):过去的过去是过去完成时注意:现在进行时表示将来:一般现在时表示将来:主动语态:被动语态:非谓语动词的构成及其用法形式:To do (to have done; to be done; to be doing; to have been doing)Doing (having done; being done; having been doing)否定在having前加notDonegct英语语法形容词副词形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的构成及其用法;1.as+adj/adv+as或not so(as)+adj/adv+as.句型。
GCT英语语法二:定语从句定语从句关联词:(1)关系代词:that,which,who,whom,whose(2)关系副词:when,where,why(一)关系代词:2种作用:(1)作为关系词:连接主句和从句(2)作为代词:充当从句中的主语、宾语和定语指人:who(主格,宾格),whom(宾格)指物:which(主格、宾格)指人和物:that(主格、宾格),whose(所有格)1、who和whom的区别(1)who:既可以充当主语,也可以充当宾语;whom:只能充当宾语E.g.He is the man(先行词)who wants to see you.(先行词在从句中充当主语)He is the man whom you wanted to talk to.(先行词在从句中充当talk to的宾语)He is the best man who you can find can repair the car within an hour.(先行词在第一重从句中充当find的宾语,在第二重从句中充当主语)(2)介词+whomE.g. He is the man whom you just talked to.——He is the man to whom you just talked.He is the man on whom you can rely.——He is the man whom you can rely on.注:这里的talk和rely均为不及物动词(vi.),所以当这些词后面要加宾语时,必须加上介词:vi.+prep.+宾语2、That和which的区别That:既可以指人也可以指物;which:只能指物(1)只能够用that的情况:①先行词被序数词、最高级修饰This is the worst movie that I've ever seen.This is the second city that I travelled last year.②先行词为不定代词:all,little,everything,nothing,ever,anything etcYou should tell us all that you knew about the accident.We haven't got much that we can offer you.I've explained everything that I can tell you.③先行词中有the one,the only,the veryI mean the one that you talked about just now.Mike is the only one that got full marks in our class.This is the very pen that I've lost.④先行词中同时有人和物Do you know the things and persons that they were talking about.The bicycle and its rider that ran over an old man were taken to the police station.(2)只能够用which的情况:①非限定性定语从句中必须用whichHis speech , which bored everyone, went on and on.Shanghai, which lies in the east of China, is a beautiful and modern city.②介词+whichThis is the book of which I'm speaking. Speak of sth;speak in+语言;speak to sbThis is the book to which I referred. Refer to sth③先行词为句子时,可以用which/asWater consists of hydrogen and oxygen, which(as)is known to all.He was awarded a gold medal, which the whole family considered as a great honor.As had been expected, he won the first prize in the speech contest..Which和as的区别:Which:既可充当主语,也可充当宾语,但不可以位于句首As:只可充当主语,可以位于句首<as的用法>①先行词中有the same,或such时,用asHe uses the same dictionary as I do.We had such fruit as you've never seen.②固定搭配的短语:As is known to the world(all),As is mentioned above,3、Whose的用法(作定语,既可以指人也可以指物)指人:She is the girl whose mother is the headmaster of our school.指物:He went into the house whose door is red.当whose指物时:whose+n.=the+n.+of+whichHe went into the house,the door of which is red.That is the book whose cover is red.=That is the book,the cover of which is red.(二)关系副词:why,when,where2种作用:(1)作为关系词:连接主句和从句(2)作为副词:充当从句中的状语1、Why=for which先行词为the reason句型:the reason (why+结果)is (that +原因)——定语从句——表语从句E.g.1 The reason why he failed the final exam is that he did not study hard.E.g.2 I do not know the reason why/for which he did such a stupid thing.2、When和where=介词+which(1)when:when=on/at/in+whichOn+具体的某一天;at+具体的点时间;in+一段较长的时间(年、月、季节等)At dawn黎明;in the morning;at noon;in the afternoon;at dusk傍晚;in the evening;at night E.g.1. I'll never forget the day when/on which we first met.the year in whichthe summer in whichthe moment at whichthe Monday morning on whichthe dusk at whichE.g.2 Tell me the exact time when/at which he is to arrive in Beijing.Be about to do sth:表示将来时(2)where:where=in/at+whichIn+大地方(城市、国家、大洲等);at+小地方(hospital,park,office etc)E.g. I'll never forget the city where /in which we first met.the office/the station at whichThe farm on which*on the farm 在农场(固定搭配)3、Which & when / whereE.g.1 I'll never forget the city which we visited last night.先行词虽然表示地点,但是在从句中充当visit的宾语,故用which the days which we spent together.先行词虽然表示时间,但是在从句中充当spend的宾语,故用which *花费:spend的用法:sb spend time/money on sth/(in) doing sthtake的用法:It takes sb time/money to do sth.E.g.2 I don't know the room where he lives.which he lives in.in which he lives.E.g.3 That is the day when he was born.which he was born on.on which he was born.。
英语语法知识复习第一节.名词1.可数名词2.不可数名词常用不可数名词advice, bread, clothing, damage, equipment, fruit, furniture, glass, homework, idea, information, jewelry, knowledge, luggage, machinery, mail, news, oil, paper, population, progress, soap, traffic 等。
3.表示名词数量的修饰语:Expressing QuantityU-noun C-nounHow much…?How many…?all all / everymost mostmuch manya great deal of a large number ofan amount of a great number ofa large (great) quantity of a large (great) quantity ofa lot of a lot oflots of lots ofsome some / severala little a fewless fewerlittle fewno / none no / nonenot…any not…any不可数名词还可以用: a piece of news, pieces of information, a bottle of wine a sheet of paper, a set of furniture, a large sum of money等。
4.可数名词的规则、不规则复数形式:1 ) 不规则形式:(1)词尾–is 改为–es, crisis → crises, basis → basesAnalysis →analyses, diagnosis → diagnoses(2) 词尾–um 改为–a datum → data, medium → media(3) 词尾–on 改为–a phenomenon → phenomena2)复数形式也表示单数意义:means suburbs species3) 单数形式也表示复数意义spacecraft, aircraft, sheep, fish4) 单复数同形意义不同:statistics统计学(单数),统计数字(复数)5) 单复数形式不同,意义不同:damage 损害,毁坏damages 赔偿费,custom 习俗customs 海关,interest 兴趣,利息interests 利益,利害关系5.复合名词的复数形式;brothers-in-law passers-by men-of-war(军舰) editors-in-chiefgo-betweens grow-ups forget-me-nots(勿忘草) hold-alls(手提包)6. 名词的所有格应注意:1) 有生命名词的所有格一般加“-‘s”复数加“ ’”My father’s book boys’ toys2) 表示共同所有时,在最后的名词后加“-‘s”,表示分别说有时各自加“-‘s”Smith and Mary’s sa vings Tom’s and Bill’s savings3) 复合名词的所有格在最后加“-‘s”The editor-in-chief’s office4) 表示时间,价值,重量,距离,国家,城市,交通工具,教会教堂等的名词的所有格也用“-‘s”a month’s salary ten miles’ dista nce第二节代词----- 代词的数与格代词是代替名词的词,按照其不同的含义和作用可作如下分类:单数复数第一人称第二人称第三人称第一人称第二人称第三人称人称代词主格I you He,she,it we you they宾格me you him,her,it us you them物主代词形容词性my your his,her,its our your their 名词性mine yours his,hers,its ours yours theirs反身代词myselfyourself himself,herself,itselfourselvesyourselvesthemselves指示代词this,that these,those单数复数第一人称第二人称第三人称第一人称第二人称第三人称相互代词宾格each other,one another所有格each others,one another’s不定代词可数each,one,many,(a)few,both,another,either,either不可数much,(a)little可数,不可数all,some,none,such,any,other复合不定代词anybody,anyone,anything,somebody,someone,something,nobody,nothing,everybody,everyone,everything疑问代词who,whom,whose,which,what连接代词who,whoever,whom,whomever,whose,whosever,which,whichever,what,whatever关系代词who,whom,whose,which,that,as代词用法中应注意:1.代词要与所指代的名词一致。
例如;1)Each cigarette a person smokes does some harm,and eventually he may get a serious disease from its effect.2)“Where is the nurse?” “She is in the operating room.”3)Australia is not rich in oil, and she mainly imports it.4)Australia is one of the five continents, but it is much smaller than the other four.5)Look at the yacht! She is almost touching the waves with the sail.6)It’s a lovely baby. Is it a boy or a girl?7)The aircraft moved slowly forward… She became airborne… and she rose clean as a swallow.8)When Kinuli had become a big lioness, she had to be returned to the zoo, as it was dangerous to keep her at home any longer.9)You can take the horse to the water, but you cannot make him drink.10) “Do you like your car?” “Oh, she has never let me down yet.”2.不定代词用法应注意:1)anyone, anybody, everyone, everybody, nobody, no one, somebody, someone, whoever, a person等,代词在比较正式的表达中主格用he,宾格用him,所有格用his,但在非正式文体或口语中也有用they。
考试应采用正规用法。
例如:★Anyone who wants to go abroad must get his visa at the embassy.2)one的指代作用one 表示泛指的单数,复数为ones。
Ones 必须与形容词连用。
如果替代的名词前无形容词,只可以用some,any,而不用ones。
另外指代one的代词用he或one 均可。
例如:★When one goes shopping on Sundays, he (one) will find the stores crowded.★I can’t find my hat. I think I must buy one.★I don’t like black shoes, please show me the white ones.★“Have you bought any apples?” “Yes, I’ve bought some.还有one 用于特指时,可用this/that,these/those,the来限定,this/that,the one 代替“the + 单数可数名词” ,the ones代替“these/those,the + 复数可数名词”★Even if they are on sale,these refrigerators are equal in price to the ones,if not more expensive than,at the other stores.3)that的指代作用(1)that和it表示特指。
that与所指代名词为同类,但不是同一个,而it所指代的名词为同一个。
★The hat you bought is bigger than that I‘ve bought.★I can‘t find my hat。
I don‘t know where I put it.(2)that 指代不可数名词或“the + 单数可数名词” 例如:★No bread eaten by man is so sweet as that earned by his own labor。
★Conversation calls for a willingness to alternate the role of speaker with that of listener,and it calls for occasional “digestive pauses” by both。
4)no one 与nonenone可与of 短语连用,既可指代人也可指代物,而no one只能单独使用,只指代人。
none 作主语时,谓语动词用单复数均可,而no one作主语谓语动词只能用单数。
The old man was left alone with no one to look after him.None of the passengers were (was) aware of the danger.He wanted some more coffee but none was left.5) one, another, the otherone… the other (只有两个)some… the others (三个以上)one… another, anothersome… others, others用法:泛指另一个用another。