------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (µ¥Ñ¡Ìâ) 1: At the 1908 Olympics in London the Marathon race was held on a very hot day.The race started at Windsor Castle,one of the homes of the Royal Family,so that the Royal children could see the runners leave.The race was planned to continue for 26 miles 385 yards (42,195 metres),now the accepted distance for this race,into Central London.Because of the great heat,however,many runners had to give up before they could finish the race.Towards the end,the large crowd waited with great excitement for the South African,Charles Hefferon,to come into the stadium first.They were surprised,however,when the 1st man to appear was the small Italian,Pietri Dorando.Dorando was by now extremely tired and weak and,as he was running round the stadium towards the finishing line,he fell to the groud,unable to continue.Doctors rushed to help him and he soon got to his feet and continued,with loud cheers from the crowd.As he came close to the line he had to be helped again, this time by a journalist,but finally he finished the race.He was not,of course,allowed to receive the gold because he had had help during the race.Afterwards, Dorando argued unsuccessfully that he had not asked for this help.But the medal was given to an American,Hayes,who had finished second.However, Dorando later received a special gold cup from Queen Alexandra for his courage. ÎÊÌ⣺Dorando later received a special gold cup because of his ( )A: top speedB: fair playC: great courageD: successful argumentÕýÈ·´ð°¸:(µ¥Ñ¡Ìâ) 2: Hemingway was born in 1899 in Oak Park,Illinois,a prosperous suburb of Chicago.His father,a physician,was an enthusiastic hunter and fisheman who taught his son to handle a rod and a gun.Hemingway's respect for these skills and his love of the open air run through his writing.He has tired to capture the point of view,actions,feelings,and speech of men who excel in the activities he admires.In school Hemingway was a good student,with a wide range of interests beyond the classroom.He was known as a boxer,a football player,a member of the swimming team,and manager of the track team.For 3 years he played in the school orchestra.But much of his activity was connected with words,which were to be his lifelong preoccupation.First as reporter,then as editor,he gained experience on the school paper,to which he contributed articles and stories.When Hemingway graduated from high school in 1917,World War I was still being fought.After a few months as a reporter on the Kansas City Star,he sailed for Europe in May,1918,as a volunteer ambulance driver and later transferred to the Italian infantry.Two weeks before his 19th birthday a leg wound------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ brought him close to death.War and death have been recurrent themes in Hemingway's writing.Of war he has said," I thought about Tolstoi and about what a great advantage an experience of war was to a writer.It was one of the major subjects and certainly one of the hardest to write truly of ... " ÎÊÌ⣺Hemingway thought that his experience of war was to him ( )A: the hardest subject to write aboutB: something very useful for writingC: something as terrible as deathD: like that of Tolstoi'sÕýÈ·´ð°¸:(µ¥Ñ¡Ìâ) 3: In the late 1920s my mother ran away from home to marry my father.Marriage,if not running away,was expected of 17-year-old girls.By the time she was 20,she had 2 children and was pregnant with a third.5 children later,I was born.And this is how I came to know my mother:she seemed a large,soft,loving-eyed woman who was rarely impatient in our home.Her quick,violent temper was on view only a few times a year,when she battled with the white landlord who had the misfortune to suggest to her that her children did not need to go to school.She made all the clothes we wore,even my brothers' overalls.She made all the towels and sheets we used. She spent the summers canning vegetables and fruits.She spent the winter evenings making quilts enough to cover all our beds.During the "working" day,she labored beside-not behind-my father in the fields.Her day began before sunup,and did not end until late at night.There was never a moment for her to sit down,undisturbed,to unravel her own private thoughts;never a time free from interruption-by work or the noisy inquiries of her many children.And yet,it is to my mother-and all our mothers who were not famous-that I went in search of the secret of what has fed that muzzled and often mutilated,but vibrant,creative spirit that the black woman has inherited,and that pops out in wild and unlikly places to this day. ÎÊÌ⣺It seems to the narrator that it would be really good if ( )A: the mother worked from sunup till nightB: the mother worked side by side with her husbandC: the mother made all things that the family neededD: the mother could have some time to think undisturbedÕýÈ·´ð°¸:(µ¥Ñ¡Ìâ) 4: Last December 22 a pickup truck slid on an icy bridge over the Elizabeth River near Portsmouth,and slammed into the guardrail,where workers were removing scaffolding from a paving project.The impact threw Cornell Taylor,43,more than 70 feet into the frigid water below.Nearby,Joseph G.Brisson,36,was in the wheelhouse------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ of his tugboat.He and his crew were talking about the upcoming holidays when suddenly their chatter was interrupted by an urgent voice:"Man down!"Brisson saw Taylor hit the water."He went down a few times and all I saw was a hand."Realizing there was no time to wait for rescue crews,Brisson took off his shoes and handed his wallet to a co-worker,then jumped feet-first into the 40-degree water.Swimming to Taylor,Brisson helped the disoriented man get his face above water."I told him I was not going to let him go,that if he went,I was going with him."The river current was freezing."I couldn't feel my legs,arms or hands,"Brisson said.He locked his legs around Taylor's waist and kept the injured man float and talking."I told him we were going to be all right,that we were both going to enjoy Christmas."Finally, after about 30 minutes in the water,the men were pulled to safety.Calling himself "a normal Joe,"Brisson says,"I have a family.I thought about that.But I thought about how life is very important,I couldn't let anything happen to him." ÎÊÌ⣺After Brisson saw Taylor fall into the river,he ( )A: waited for rescue crews firstB: couldn't be sure where the latter wasC: jumped into the cold water to save himD: asked a co-worker to jump firstÕýÈ·´ð°¸:(µ¥Ñ¡Ìâ) 5: The inventor of spectacles probably lived in the town of Paris, Italy, around 1286, and was almost certainly a craftsman working in glass. But nobody knows his name. We only know this much about him because Friar Giordane preached a sermon one Wednesday morning in February 1306 at a church in Florence. "It£§s not yet 20 years since there was found the art of making eye-glasses which make for good vision," said the Friar."One of the best arts and most necessary that the world has. So short a time is it since there was invented a new art that never existed. I have seen the man who first invented and created it, and I have talked to him." We know what Friar Giordane said because admirers copied his sermons down as he gave them. The inventor of spectacles apparently kept the method of making them to himself. Perhaps he thought this was the best way of getting money from his invention. But the idea soon got around. As early as 1300, craftsmen in Venice,the centre of Europe£§s glass industry, were making the new "disks for the eyes".Spectacles at first were only shaped for far-sighted people. Concave lenses, for short-sighted people, were not developed until the late 15th century. Spectacles allowed people to go on reading and studying long after bad eyesight would normally have forced them to give up.They were like a new pair of eyes. The inventor of such a valuable thing should be honored, everyone thought. But for------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ centuries no one had any idea who the inventor really was. So all kinds of candidates were put forward: Dutch, English, German, Italians from rival cities. A fake memorial was erected last century in a church in Florence to honor a man as the true inventor of spectacles-but he never even existed. ÎÊÌ⣺The first record of the spectacles is to be found in ( )A: newspapersB: church sermonsC: trade reportsD: praises of JordanÕýÈ·´ð°¸:(µ¥Ñ¡Ìâ) 6: Hemingway was born in 1899 in Oak Park,Illinois,a prosperous suburb of Chicago.His father,a physician,was an enthusiastic hunter and fisheman who taught his son to handle a rod and a gun.Hemingway's respect for these skills and his love of the open air run through his writing.He has tired to capture the point of view,actions,feelings,and speech of men who excel in the activities he admires.In school Hemingway was a good student,with a wide range of interests beyond the classroom.He was known as a boxer,a football player,a member of the swimming team,and manager of the track team.For 3 years he played in the school orchestra.But much of his activity was connected with words,which were to be his lifelong preoccupation.First as reporter,then as editor,he gained experience on the school paper,to which he contributed articles and stories.When Hemingway graduated from high school in 1917,World War I was still being fought.After a few months as a reporter on the Kansas City Star,he sailed for Europe in May,1918,as a volunteer ambulance driver and later transferred to the Italian infantry.Two weeks before his 19th birthday a leg wound brought him close to death.War and death have been recurrent themes in Hemingway's writing.Of war he has said," I thought about Tolstoi and about what a great advantage an experience of war was to a writer.It was one of the major subjects and certainly one of the hardest to write truly of ... " ÎÊÌ⣺a good title for the passage is ( )A: Hemingway's Interest in WritingB: The Subjects for Hemingway's WritingC: The Life of Young HemingwayD: Hemingway's Understanding of WarÕýÈ·´ð°¸:(µ¥Ñ¡Ìâ) 7: The inventor of spectacles probably lived in the town of Paris, Italy, around 1286, and was almost certainly a craftsman working in glass. But nobody knows his name. We only know this much about him because Friar Giordane preached a sermon one Wednesday morning in February 1306 at a church in Florence. "It£§s not yet 20 years since------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ there was found the art of making eye-glasses which make for good vision," said the Friar."One of the best arts and most necessary that the world has. So short a time is it since there was invented a new art that never existed. I have seen the man who first invented and created it, and I have talked to him." We know what Friar Giordane said because admirers copied his sermons down as he gave them. The inventor of spectacles apparently kept the method of making them to himself. Perhaps he thought this was the best way of getting money from his invention. But the idea soon got around. As early as 1300, craftsmen in Venice,the centre of Europe£§s glass industry, were making the new "disks for the eyes".Spectacles at first were only shaped for far-sighted people. Concave lenses, for short-sighted people, were not developed until the late 15th century. Spectacles allowed people to go on reading and studying long after bad eyesight would normally have forced them to give up.They were like a new pair of eyes. The inventor of such a valuable thing should be honored, everyone thought. But for centuries no one had any idea who the inventor really was. So all kinds of candidates were put forward: Dutch, English, German, Italians from rival cities. A fake memorial was erected last century in a church in Florence to honor a man as the true inventor of spectacles-but he never even existed. ÎÊÌ⣺The first spectalces were made for ( )A: any one who had an eye troubleB: the far-sightedC: the short-sightedD: both the far-sighted and the short-sightedÕýÈ·´ð°¸:(µ¥Ñ¡Ìâ) 8: Last December 22 a pickup truck slid on an icy bridge over the Elizabeth River near Portsmouth,and slammed into the guardrail,where workers were removing scaffolding from a paving project.The impact threw Cornell Taylor,43,more than 70 feet into the frigid water below.Nearby,Joseph G.Brisson,36,was in the wheelhouse of his tugboat.He and his crew were talking about the upcoming holidays when suddenly their chatter was interrupted by an urgent voice:"Man down!"Brisson saw Taylor hit the water."He went down a few times and all I saw was a hand."Realizing there was no time to wait for rescue crews,Brisson took off his shoes and handed his wallet to a co-worker,then jumped feet-first into the 40-degree water.Swimming to Taylor,Brisson helped the disoriented man get his face above water."I told him I was not going to let him go,that if he went,I was going with him."The river current was freezing."I couldn't feel my legs,arms or hands,"Brisson said.He locked his legs around Taylor's waist and kept the injured man float and talking."I told him we were going to be all right,that we were both going to enjoy Christmas."Finally, after about------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 30 minutes in the water,the men were pulled to safety.Calling himself "a normal Joe,"Brisson says,"I have a family.I thought about that.But I thought about how life is very important,I couldn't let anything happen to him." ÎÊÌ⣺By calling himself a normal Joe,Brisson means that ( )A: he is willing to sacrifice himself for othersB: he is a family manC: he is an ordinary manD: he knows the value of lifeÕýÈ·´ð°¸:(µ¥Ñ¡Ìâ) 9: On the 4th step down I slipped,fell,and was just barely able,with my right hand,to (check) my side.A: examineB: pushC: stopD: pullÕýÈ·´ð°¸:(µ¥Ñ¡Ìâ) 10: Although American civilization took over and replaced the frontier almost a century ago,the heritage of the frontier is still very much alive in the U.S.today.The idea of the frontier still stirs the emotions and imaginations of the American people.Americans continue to be fascinated by the frontier because it has been a particularly important force in shaping their national values.The frontier experience began when the first colonists settled on the east coast of the continent in the 1600s.It ended about 1890 when the last western lands were settled.The American frontier consisted of the relatively unsettled regions of the country.Here,both land and life were more rugged and primitive than in the more settled eastern part.As one frontier area was settled,people began moving farther west into the next unsettled area.By settling one frontier area after another,Americans moved across an entire continent,2,700 miles wide. ÎÊÌ⣺The frontier experience began ( )A: in the 16th centuryB: in the 17th centuryC: in the 18th centuryD: in the 19th centuryÕýÈ·´ð°¸:(µ¥Ñ¡Ìâ) 11: You don£§t have to set up a foundation or spend hours raising money to help the environment.Joey Gordon-Levitt,16,does his part by simply collecting his newspapers,plastic,and cans-and have them recycled."Everyone should recycle,"the teen star says.Singer and actor Better Midler goes a step further-She picks up other people£§s garbage.For example,Midler has helped remove truckloads of trash from------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Fort Tryon Park in New York City.Such simple efforts at trash collection and reduction are catching st year,the Environmental Protection Agency counted 7,500 recycling programs in the US. That£§s up from just 1,000 programs in 1988.Almost half of the country£§s population now lives in towns and cities with curbside recycling.So we£§re on the right track to reducing trash.But we still have a long way to go.In 1994, about 40% of paper products and plastic soda bottles produced in this country were recycled. But only 2% of food packaging was recovered!We also have to work on creating more demand for recycled material.You can help by checking labels-and buying products made from recovered paper, plastic,and metal.Recycling saves resources like water and trees,and cuts down on air pollution.So what are you waiting for?Get to work taking care of our "rock.""If we don£§t,we£§ll all have to move to Mars,"says Gordon-Levitt."The only problem is that we don£§t know how to do that yet!" ÎÊÌ⣺ What does Joey Gordon-Levitt do to help the environment?A: He raises money in the streetB: He drives a truck carrying trash awayC: He sells newspapersD: He collects used things that can be recycledÕýÈ·´ð°¸:(µ¥Ñ¡Ìâ) 12: For a few minutes he (tapped) the switch after each flash. A: touchedB: paintedC: pressedD: snappedÕýÈ·´ð°¸:(µ¥Ñ¡Ìâ) 13: Last December 22 a pickup truck slid on an icy bridge over the Elizabeth River near Portsmouth,and slammed into the guardrail,where workers were removing scaffolding from a paving project.The impact threw Cornell Taylor,43,more than 70 feet into the frigid water below.Nearby,Joseph G.Brisson,36,was in the wheelhouse of his tugboat.He and his crew were talking about the upcoming holidays when suddenly their chatter was interrupted by an urgent voice:"Man down!"Brisson saw Taylor hit the water."He went down a few times and all I saw was a hand."Realizing there was no time to wait for rescue crews,Brisson took off his shoes and handed his wallet to a co-worker,then jumped feet-first into the 40-degree water.Swimming to Taylor,Brisson helped the disoriented man get his face above water."I told him I was not going to let him go,that if he went,I was going with him."The river current was freezing."I couldn't feel my legs,arms or hands,"Brisson said.He locked his legs around Taylor's waist and kept the injured man float and talking."I told him we were going to be all------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ right,that we were both going to enjoy Christmas."Finally, after about 30 minutes in the water,the men were pulled to safety.Calling himself "a normal Joe,"Brisson says,"I have a family.I thought about that.But I thought about how life is very important,I couldn't let anything happen to him." ÎÊÌ⣺ What happened to Cornell Taylor?A: he was thrown to the guardrailB: he lost control of his truckC: he was removed from a paving projectD: he was thrown into the cold riverÕýÈ·´ð°¸:(µ¥Ñ¡Ìâ) 14: You don£§t have to set up a foundation or spend hours raising money to help the environment.Joey Gordon-Levitt,16,does his part by simply collecting his newspapers,plastic,and cans-and have them recycled."Everyone should recycle,"the teen star says.Singer and actor Better Midler goes a step further-She picks up other people£§s garbage.For example,Midler has helped remove truckloads of trash from Fort Tryon Park in New York City.Such simple efforts at trash collection and reduction are catching st year,the Environmental Protection Agency counted 7,500 recycling programs in the US. That£§s up from just 1,000 programs in 1988.Almost half of the country£§s population now lives in towns and cities with curbside recycling.So we£§re on the right track to reducing trash.But we still have a long way to go.In 1994, about 40% of paper products and plastic soda bottles produced in this country were recycled. But only 2% of food packaging was recovered!We also have to work on creating more demand for recycled material.You can help by checking labels-and buying products made from recovered paper, plastic,and metal.Recycling saves resources like water and trees,and cuts down on air pollution.So what are you waiting for?Get to work taking care of our "rock.""If we don£§t,we£§ll all have to move to Mars,"says Gordon-Levitt."The only problem is that we don£§t know how to do that yet!" ÎÊÌ⣺ In 1994, 40% of the paper products and plastic soda bottles produced in America were recycled.But ( ) of food packaging was recovered.A: noneB: only halfC: 20%D: 2%ÕýÈ·´ð°¸:(µ¥Ñ¡Ìâ) 15: In 1989,Melissa started Kids F.A.C.E.as an after-school club at her elementary school.The six-member group met each Monday to write letters and plan cleanup activities."We never thought it was anything more than a group of kids coming together so they could talk about the environment,"says Trish Poe,her mother.But then a letter from------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Milissa to the "Today" show got her club on television in 1990.When other kids heard about the club,they wrote asking how they could get involed.So Melissa,with the help of her mother,who today manages the Kids F.A.C.E.office as executive director,developed a membership book that instructed kids on environmental projects and how to start a club of their own."I felt like I had to write them all back at once because I didn't like what the president did to me.Because I didn't like being ignored...I didn't want the kids to have the same feeling,"says Melissa.Requests for information came from all over the nation.At first,Melissa's parents paid the postage and supply bills for the club,but soon expenses became too high.So the club found a sponsor,War-Mart Inc.,which began underwriting the bimonthly newsletter,Kids F.A.C.E.illustrated,which currently provides environmental updates,suggestions,and ideas to more than 2 million people world wide. ÎÊÌ⣺When Melissa was starting the club,she was ( )A: a school teacher working for the kidsB: a social worker taking care of children after schoolC: the parent of a kid at schoolD: a kid attending an elementary schoolÕýÈ·´ð°¸:(µ¥Ñ¡Ìâ) 16: In the (haze) I saw two of my trek mates.A: darknessB: lightC: thin mistD: heavy smogÕýÈ·´ð°¸:(µ¥Ñ¡Ìâ) 17: Most Americans think that ice cream is as American as baseball and applepie.But ice cream was known long before American was discovered.The Roman emperor Nero may have made a king of ice cream.He hired hundreds of men to bring snow and ice from the mountains.He used it to make cold drinks.Traveler Marco Polo brought back recipes for chilled and frozen milk from China.Hundreds of years later,ice cream reached England.It is said that King Charles I enjoyed that treat very much.There is a story that he bribed his cook to keep the recipe for ice cream a royal secret.Today ice cream is known throughout the world.Americans alone eat more than two billion quarts a year. ÎÊÌ⣺Marco Polo is known as ( )A: a Roman emperorB: the inventor of ice creamC: a royal cookD: a traveler to ChinaÕýÈ·´ð°¸:------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (µ¥Ñ¡Ìâ) 18: Two basic models of parental influence emerge from all this competition and variety,however.One, loosely based on Freudian ideas,has presented an image of the vulnerable child:children are sensitive beings,easily damaged not only by traumatic events and emotional stress,but also by overdoses of affection.The 2nd model is that of the behaviorists,whose intellectual ancestors,the empiricist philosophers,described the child's mind as a tabula rasa,or blank slate.The behaviorist model of child-rearing is based on the view that the child is malleable,and parents are therefore cast in the role of Pygmalions who can shape their children however they wish."Give me a dozen healthy infants,well-formed,and my own specified world to bring them up in,"wrote J.B.Watson,the father of modern behaviorism,"and I'll guarantee to take any one at random and train him to be any type of specialist I might-doctor,lawyer,artist,merchant,chief, and yes,even beggar man and thief!"The image of the vulnerable child calls for gentle parents who are sensitive to their child's inner-most thoughts and feelings in order to protect him from trauma.The image of the malleable child requires stem parents who coolly follow the dictates of their own explicit training procedures:only the early eradication of bad habits in eating,sleeping,crying,can fend off permanent maladjustments. ÎÊÌ⣺ According to the behaviorist model of child-rearing,parents ( )A: shouldn't give overdoses of affectionB: should know that children are sensitiveC: can train their children to be any type of people they likeD: should be gentle to their childrenÕýÈ·´ð°¸:(µ¥Ñ¡Ìâ) 19: "Another gray day,gray and gloomy,"she muttered,though really the rain was more than welcome after last year's (drought). A: lack of rainB: heavy stormC: strong windD: heavy snowÕýÈ·´ð°¸:(µ¥Ñ¡Ìâ) 20: The 12th lunar month in Chinese is called layue(the month to worship all the deities).The 8th day of the 12the lunar month is the Laba Festival.It is treated as the beginning of the Chinese holiday season.After the Laba Festival,people enter into the busy preparation for the Lunar New Year.The main activity of the Laba Festival is cooking and sharing the special laba gruel(laba-zhou).Most people believe it has a close relation to Sakyamuni,the Buddha.He left his comfortable home and set off in search of the final enlightenment.After days of travelling without rest,he collapsed near a river in northern India.He。
