职称英语理工类阅读原文版模拟第3篇1

职称英语理工类B级阅读理解真题及答案(第三篇)第4部分：阅读理解（第31——45题，每题3分，共45分）下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。

请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个选项。

第三篇Can You Hear This?When something creates a sound wave in a room or anauditorium, listeners hear the sound wave directly from the source. They alsohear the reflections as the sound bounces off thewalls. floor, and ceiling. These are called the reflected wave or reverberant(反射)sound, which can be heard evenafter the sound is no longer coming from the source.The reverberation time of an auditorium isdetermined by the volume or interior size of the auditorium. It is alsodetermined by how well or how poorly the walls, ceiling, floor, and contents ofthe room (including the people) absorb sound. There is no ideal reverberation time,because each use of an auditorium calls for different reverberation. Speechneeds to be understood clearly; therefore rooms used for talking must have ashort reverberation time. The full-sound performance of music such ad Wagneroperas or Mahler symphonies should have a long reverberation time. The light,rapid musical passages of Bach or Mozart need a reverberation time somewherebetween.Acoustic problems often are caused by poorauditorium design. Smooth, curved reflecting surfaces create large reflections.Parallel (平行的）wallsreflect sound back and forth, creating a rapid, repetitive pulsing rge pillars (柱）and comerscan cause acoustic shadows as the sound waves try to pass around the object.Some of theseproblems can be solved by using absorbers and reflectors tochange the reverberation time of a room. For example, hanging large reflectors,called clouds, over the performers will allow some sound frequencies to reflectand others to pass to achieve a pleasing mixture of sound.41 This passage is mainly aboutA. Sound waves and their effects.B. the types of music orchestras play.C. walls of an auditorium.D.the design of an auditorium.答案：D42. Wagner operas and Mahler symphonieswith full-sound effect haveA. a short reverberation time.B. an intermediate reverberation time.C. no reverberation time.D. along reverberation time.答案：D43. This passage suggests that a goodauditorium shouldA. get rid of all reflections.B. not have absorbers.C.achieve a pleasing mixture of soundD. have smooth surfaces.答案：C44. Large pillars and corners mayA. make sound rich and full.B. be cures for sound problems.C.be sources of sound problems.D. function as effectively as clouds.答案：C45. The word” acoustic” in thelast paragraph has something to do withA. performanceB.soundC. audienceD. weather答案：B。

Shark Attack!小心鲨鱼！Craig Rogers was sitting on his surfboard, 克雷格?罗杰斯正坐在他的冲浪板上,scanning the distance for his next wave，估算着下一波浪离他还有多远，when his board suddenly stopped moving. 就在这时冲浪板不动了。

He looked down and was terrified to see a great white shark biting the front of his board. 他低头向水下看，惊悚的一幕出现了：一条大白鲨正在撕咬冲浪板的前端。

“I could have touched its eye with my elbow,”says Craig.“我的肘部可能都已经碰到了它的眼睛”，克雷格谈道。

The shark had surfaced so quietly that he hadn't heard a thing.原来，这条鲨鱼悄悄地浮上了水面，完全没让克雷格听到。

In his horror and confusion，he waved his arms and accidentally cut two of his fingers on the shark's teeth. 克雷格惊慌害怕，手足无措，但是偶然之间他被鲨鱼咬掉了两支手指，He then slid off the opposite side of his surfboard into the water.然后随着滑板翻了个个儿，他也掉进水里。

Then, with Craig in the water and blood flowing from his fingers，the five-meter-long shark simply swam away, disappearing into the water below.就在那时，处于水中的克雷格两支手指鲜血直流，但这条五米长的鲨鱼却径直游开，消失在深海之中。

2021年职称英语理工类考试模拟试题3阅读理解在 1940 中者，年轻的野心勃勃的二重唱露丝和 Elliot 处理的人，的拥有了一家制造木制的画架的公司。

它在 1945 年是露丝和 Elliot 处理的人结合他们的亲近朋友哈洛德 Mattson 建立一家会被以曾经被产生的最出名而且最成功的娃娃闻名的公司了。

这一家公司会叫做 Mattel，马特为 Mattson 、和 EL 为 Elliot。

在 1950 中者中的，当拜访瑞士的时候，露丝处理的人购买了一个德国 Lilli 娃娃。

Lilli 是在 1955 年首先被做的一个像样子、漂亮流行娃娃。

她在西德时事通讯中的一个出名卡通人物之后本来被形成，建立。

Lilli 是会激发设计芭比娃娃的露丝处理的人的娃娃。

藉由在Mattel 的她的技术人员和工程师的帮忙，芭比出生。

露丝然后雇用了莎蕾特詹森，一个流行设计者，产生芭比的衣橱。

它在 1958 年是芭比的专利者被获得了。

她，这会是不像任何一个流行娃娃时间。

她会长久地被切断之手足，像样子、美丽、和只有 11.5 寸高。

露丝和 Elliot 会在他们自己的女儿，芭比之后命名他们的新流行娃娃。

在 1959 年，芭比娃娃会前往纽约玩具表演而且受到玩具买主的凉爽接待。

芭比数年以来已经遭遇许多变化而且已经设法在发型、化妆和衣服中赶上现在的趋势。

她对供玩耍的市场介绍以来，她是流行的历史的反映。

芭比有一个全世界的诉愿，而且年轻、旧的搜集家拥有要花费的时间和与他们的娃娃一起做的记忆。

1. 当露丝和 Elliot 处理的人年轻，他们有强壮的欲望一)去上学。

B)照相片。

C)制造框架。

D)变得高度成功。

2. 谁拥有了 Mattel?一) Mattson。

B) Elliot。

C)哈洛德 Mattson 和 Elliot 处理的人。

D)哈洛德 Mattson 露丝和 Ellion 处理的人。

3. 它能被从第二个段落推论出 Lilli 在被形成了之后了一)建立。

职称英语教材（理工类）阅读理解第1-5篇WORD第一篇Ford Abandons Electric Vehicles第二篇（新增）World Crude Oil Production May Peak a Decade Earlier Than Some Predict第三篇Citizen Scientists第四篇Motoring Technology第五篇Late-Night Drinking第六篇（新增）Weaving with Light第七篇Sugar Power for Cell Phones第八篇Eiffel Is an Eyeful第九篇Egypt Felled by Famine第十篇Young Female Chimps Outlearn Their Brothers第一篇Ford Abandons Electric VehiclesThe Ford motor company's1 abandonment of electric cars effectively signals the end of the road for the technology, analysts say.General Motors2 and Honda3 ceased production of battery-powered cars in 1999，to focus on fuel cell4 and hybrid electric gasoline engines5，which are more attractive to the consumer. Ford has now announced it will do the same.Three years ago，the company introduced the Think City two-seater car and a golf cart called the THINK, or Think Neighbor6. It hoped to sell 5,000 cars each year and 10,000 carts. But a lack of demand means only about 1,000 of the cars have been produced, and less than 1，700 carts have been sold so far in 2002."The bottom line is7 we don't believe that this is the future of environment transport for the mass market," Tim Holmes of Ford Europe said on Friday. "We feel we have given electric our best shot8. ”The Think City has a range of only about 53 miles and up to a six-hour battery recharge time. General Motors' EVI electric vehicle also had a limited range, of about 100 miles.The very expensive batteries also mean electric cars cost much more than petrol-powered alternatives. An electric Toyota9 RA V4 EV vehicle costs over $42,000 in the US, compared with just $17,000 for the petrol version. Toyota and Nissan10 are now the only major auto manufacturers to produce electric vehicles."There is a feeling that battery electric has been given its chance. Ford now has to move on with its hybrid program11, and that is what we will be judging them on, ”Roger Higman，a senior transport campaigner at UK Friends of the Earth, told the Environment News Service.Hybrid cars introduced by Toyota and Honda in the past few years have sold well. Hybrid engines offer greater mileage than petrol-only engines, and the batteries recharge themselves. Ford says it thinks such vehicles will help it meet planned new guidelines12 on vehicle emissions13 in the US. However, it is not yet clear exactly what those guidelines will permit. In June, General Motors and Daimler Chrysler14 won a court injunction, delaying by two years Californian legislation requiring car-makers to offer 100,000 zero-emission and other low-emission vehicles in the stateby 2003. Car manufacturers hope the legislation will be rewritten to allow for more low-emission, rather than zero-emission, vehicles.词汇：hybrid /'haibrid/ n.杂种，混合物；adj.杂种mileage /'mailids/ n.英里数，英里里程的；混合的injunction/iidsAgkJ^n/n.命令；指令注释：1. The Ford motor company：福特汽车公司。

2020年职称英语《理工类》模拟试题及答案(3)词汇选项(第1～15题，每题1分，共15分)下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与划线部分意义最相近的词或短语。

答案一律涂在答题卡相对应的位置上。

1 Native American artwork and artifacts have been enthusiastically collected and studied abroad for a number of years.A eagerlyB periodicallyC thoroughlyD systematically2 Manufacturers spend millions of dollars on advertising to entice people to buy their products.A entertainB encounterC temptD force3 Enamel, the hardest substance in a human being's body, covers the entire crown of the tooth.A wholeB inseparableC superficialD main4 The Industrial Revolution marked the beginning of an epoch of exodus from rural areas to cities.A episodeB periodC migrationD story5 All gases and most liquids and solids expand when heated, but they do not expand equally.A simultaneouslyB randomlyC accuratelyD uniformly6 Pendulums are used to regulate motion in some scientific equipments.A laboratoriesB measurementsC apparatusesD experiments7 More than 89 of the buildings in Annapolis, Maryland, were erected before the Revolutionary War.A plannedB leveledC enlargedD constructed8 The North American desert, a vast belt of inhospitable terrain, stretches erratically down the western side of the continent.A endlesslyB irregularlyC ominouslyD longitudinally9 Scientists, who are now aware of how nautiluses regulate their buoyancy, have been able to dispel erroneous ideas about these creatures.A misconceptionsB misdemeanorsC misgivingsD misdirections10 George Washington Carver was esteemed for his contributions in the fields of botany and chemistry.A respectedB compensatedC criticizedD overlooked11 The five classic foot positions in ballet are the basis for the ethereal grace of the ballet dancer's art.A balancedB traditionalC disciplinedD delicate12 Molly Brown was labeled "unsinkable" after she helped to evacuate passengers from the ill-fated ship the Titanic.A anticipateB comfortC removeD shelter13 The painter Les Quinones, whose graffiti art has been exhibited in New York galleries, has also painted outdoor murals in various Manhattan neighborhoods.A soldB shownC keptD praised14 City dwellers are exhilarated by country air.A amazedB fannedC humbledD stimulated15 Today in the United States, adult educationfacilities face rising demand created by expanding leisure time.A relaxingB structuredC increasingD unused第一部分：1 A2 C3 A4 B5 D6 C7 D8 B9 A 10 A 11 D 12 C 13 B 14 D 15 C阅读判断(第16～22题，每题1分，共7分)阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。

职称英语完型填空原文（理工C）特别说明：原文来自教材阅读理解第三篇第三篇：Citizen ScientistsUnderstanding how nature responds to climate change will require monitoring key life cycle1 events —flowering, the appearance of leaves, the first frog calls of the spring — all around the world. But ecologists can’t be everywhere so they’re turning to non-scientists, sometimes called citizen scientists, for help.Climate scientists are not present everywhere. Because there are so many places in the world and not enough scientists to obs erve all of them, they’re asking for your help in observing signs of climate change across the world. The citizen scientist movement encourages ordinary people to observe a very specific research interest — birds, trees, flowers budding, etc. — and send their observations to a giant database to be observed by professional scientists. This helps a small number of scientists track a large amount of data that they would never be able to gather on their own. Much like citizen journalists helping large publications cover a hyper-local beat2, citizen scientists are ready for the conditions where they live. All that’s needed to become one is a few minutes each day or each week to gather data and send it3 in.A group of scientists and educators launched an organization last year called the National Phenology4Network. “Phenology” is what scientists call the study of the timing of events in nature.One of the group’s first efforts relies on scientists and non-scientists alike to collect data about plant flowering and leafing every year. The program, called Project Bud Burst, collects life cycle data on a variety of common plants from across the United States. People participating in the project — which is open to everyone — record theirobservations on the Project Bud Burst website.“People don’t have to be plant experts — they just have to look around and see what’s in their neighborhood,” says Jennifer Schwartz, an education consultant with the project. “As we collect this data, we’ll be able to make an est imate of how plants and communities5 of plants and animals will respond as the climate changes.”词汇：frog / fr朂/ n.蛙ecologist / ,i:’k氂夀搂鈀樂猂琀/ n.生态学家bud / b搂/ v.发芽，萌芽;n.芽，花蕾database / ’de琂夀戂攀樀猂/ n.数据库professional / pr( )’fe夂渂夀氂/ adj.专业的，职业的;n.职业选手，专业人员phenology / f’n氂夀搂鈀樂/ n.物候学neighbor(u)rhood n.近邻;邻近地区注释：1.life cycle：生命周期，即生物发展过程的系列变化。

职称英语阅读（三）理工类PASSAGE 8American SportsThe United States is a sports-loving nation. Sports in America take a variety of forms; organized petitive struggles, which draw huge crowds to cheer their favorite team to victory; athletic games, played for recreation anywhere sufficient space is found; and hunting and fishing. Most sports are seasonal, so that what is happening insports depends upon the time of year. Some sports arecalled spectator sports, as the number of spectatorsgreatly exceeds the number playing in the game.Baseball is the most popular sport in the US. It is played throughout the spring and summer, and professional baseball teams play well into the fall. Although no other game is exactly like baseball, perhaps the one most nearly like it is the English game of cricket.Football is the most popular sport in the fall. The game originated as a college sport more than 75 years ago.It is still played by almost every college and universityin the country, and the football stadiums of some of the largest universities seat as many as 80,000 people. The game is not the same as European football or soer. In American football there are 11 players on each team, andthey are dressed in padded uniforms and helmets because the game is rough and injuries are likely to our.Basketball is the winter sport in American schools and college. Like football, basketball originated in the US and is not popular in other countries. Many Americans prefer it to football because it is played indoors throughout the winter and because it is a faster game. It is a very popular game with high schools, and in more than 20 states, state-wide high school matches are held yearly.Other spectator sports include wrestling, boxing, and horse racing. Although horse-racing fans call themselves sportsmen, the auracy of term is questionable, as only the jockeys who ride the horses in the races can be considered athletes. The so-called sportsmen。

2020年职称英语《理工类》阅读理解模拟题(第三套) Britain’s Solo SailorEllen MacArthur started sailing when she was eight，going out on sailing trips with her aunt.She loved it so much that she saved her money for three years to buy her first small sailing boat.When she was 18，she sailed alone around Britain and won the“Young Sailor of the Year”award.But Ellen really became famous in 2001.Aged only 24，she was one of the only two women who en-tered the Vendee Globe round the world solo race，which lasts l00 days.Despite many problems，she came second in the race out of 24 competitors and she was given a very warm welcome when she returned.Ambition and determination have always been a big part of Ellen’s personality.When she was youn-ger，she lived in a kind of hut(棚屋)for three years while she was trying to get sponsorship to compete in a transatlantic race.Then she took a one-way ticket to France，bought a tiny seven meter Class Mini yacht(游艇)，slept under it while she was repairing it，and then she raced it 4，000 kilometres across the Atlanticin 1997，alone for 33 days.Ellen has had to learn many things，because sailing single—handed means that she has to be her own captain，electrician，sailmaker，engineer，doctor，journalist，cameraman and cook.She also has to be very fit，and because of the dangers of sleeping for long periods of time she’s in the middle of the ocean，she has trained herself to sleep for about 20 minutes at a time.And she needs courage.Once，in the middle of the ocean，she had to climb the mast(桅杆)of a boat to repair the sails—at four o’clock in the mornin9.with l00kph winds blowing around her.It took her many hours to make the repairs;Ellen says：“I was exhausted when I came down.It’s hard to describe how it feels to be up there.It’s liketrying to hold onto a big pole，which for me is just too big to get my arms around，with someone kicking you all the time and trying to shake you off”.But in her diary，Ellen also describes moments which make it all worthwhile(值得的)：“A beautiful sunrise started the day，with black clouds slowly lit by the bright yellow sun.I have a very strong feeling of pleasure，being out here on the ocean and having the chance to live this.I just feel lucky to be here”.。

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