形容词比较级与最高级
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形容词的比较级和最高级
比较级/最高级变化规则:
1、规则变化:
(1) 单音节和部分双音节形容词和副词,在原级的后面加上er,est构成比较级和最高级。
情况 构成方法 原级 比较级 最高级
一般情况 加-er或—est new
long newer
longer newest
longest
以不发音e 结尾的词 加—r或—st fine
late finer
later finest
latest
以“辅音+y”
结尾的词 变y为i再加-er
或—est early
happy earlier
happier earliest
happiest
重读闭音节 先双写辅音字母,再加-er或-est hot
thin hotter
thinner hottest
thinnest
(2) 两个音节或两个以上的音节的,在原级前加more / most。
原级 比较级 最高级
useful(有用的) more useful most useful
difficult(困难的) more difficult most difficult
delicious (美味的) more delicious most delicious
2、不规则变化 (两好两坏两多一少一老一远)
原级 比较级 最高级
good好的
better更好的 best最好的
well好;(身体)好的,
bad,badly糟糕的,糟糕地 worse更糟糕的,更糟糕地;(身体)更不舒服的 worst最糟糕的,最糟糕地;(身体)最不舒服的 ill(身体)不舒服的
many许多的(可数) more更多的;更 most最多的;最 much许多的(不可数);非常
little少的 less更少的 least最少的
far远的;远地 farther更远的;更远地 farthest最远的;最远地
further进一步的(地) furthest最深刻的(地)
(1) 形容词older/elder和oldest/eldest的用法区别:
区别:elder与eldest主要用于表明长幼关系,通常用于人,只做定语不做表语,也不与than连用。
This is my eldest son. 这是我的大儿子。
His elder brother works in a clothing factory. 他哥哥在一家服装厂工作。
(2) 形容词farther/further和farthest/furthest的用法区别:
a) 表示距离时,四个词都可用。
I can throw much farther/further than you。 我可以比你扔得更远。
What's the farthest/furthest distance you've ever run? 你跑过最远的距离是多少?
b) 如果用于引申义,表“更进一步”、“更多”、“此外”等义,只能用further.如: We'll
further discuss it。 我们会进一步讨论它.
形容词原级用法
1)A+ 谓语+ as+ adj/adv 原级+ as + B :表示“A和B一样…… ”
eg: Tom is as tall as Bob。/ He does his homework as carefully as Tom.
A+ 谓语+(倍数)+ as+ adj/adv 原级+ as + B :表示“A是B的几倍…… "
This apple is threes times as big as that one. 这个苹果是那个苹果的三倍。
A+ 谓语否定形式(not)+ as(so)+ adj/adv 原级+ as + B 表示“A不如B……"
否定形式可用比较级进行句型转换。
Tom is not as/so tall as Bob.= Bob is taller than Tom.
2)as soon as possible\ as soon as you can:尽可能地快;
as well as和…一样好\ 也,又
比较级用法
1) …比较级+ than…; eg: A horse is heavier than a sheep.
Which/who is +(the)比较级,A or B?;eg: Which is the older, Tom or Bob?
倍数+比较级+ than… eg: This apple is threes times bigger than that one.
2) 比较级 and 比较级(单音节词) 表示越来越……
more and more +原级(多音节词)
eg: The tree grows taller and taller。
Our environment is becoming more and more beautiful with our hard work。
3)The+ 比较级……,the +比较级……:表示“越……越……”
eg: The more money you make,the more you spend。
4)比较级 前可用much、even、far、a bit、a little 等来修饰;
原级 前可用very、too、so、enough、rather、quite等修饰.
The girl is much more beautiful.
The boy is much taller. (切记不能用more来修饰比较级,more本身的构成多音节形容词的比较级)
The book is quite cheap.
5)“the+比较级+of the two"表示“两者中比较…”
如:He is the cleverer of the two boys.
6) “比任何一个都…” “形容词的比较级+than any other+单数名词”(范围内)
可以与最高级进行互换
“形容词的比较级+ than any+单数名词”(范围外)
如: He is taller than any other boy in his class=He is the tallest boy……
China is larger than any country in Africa。 中国比非洲的任何一个国家都大.
最高级用法
1)the + 最高级+ 由of/ in构成的表示范围的介词短语 在…最…
I am the tallest of all the students in my class。
2)one of the +最高级+名词复数 最…之一
Beijing is one of the biggest cities in China。
3)the+序数词+最高级:表示某个范围内在第几位
The Yellow River is the second longest river in China。
注:形容词的最高级前面一般要加定冠词the,但当形容词最高级前有物主代词、名词所有格等修饰词时,则不用定冠词the.
This is my busiest day. 这是我最忙的一天.
课堂练习
写出以下形容词与副词的比较级与最高级
nice-_______-_______; thick-_______-_______;
small-_______-_______; fine-_______-_______;
hot-_______-_______; heavy-_______-_______;
slowly-_______-_______; carefully-_______-_______;
far-_______-_______; little-_______-_______
beautiful-_________-_________ careful-_______-_______
选择题
1. Don’t worry, sir。 I’m sure I can run _________ to catch up with them。
A。 slowly enough B. enough slowly C. fast enough D. enough fast
2. The text is very easy for you。 There are ________ new words in it。
A. a few B。 a little C。 few D. little
3. It’s such an ________ film that all the students are ______ in it。 A. interesting; interested B. interested; interesting
C. interesting; interesting D. interested; interested
4。 Most of the people in Guangdong are getting ________。
A。 more and more rich B. more rich and more rich
C。 richer and richer D。 richer and richest
5Which lesson is _______, this one or that one?
A. difficult B。 much difficult C. more difficult D. the most difficult
6。 . ”A ______ accident happened at 7:30 a。m." said the policeman _______.
A。 serious, serious B。 seriously, seriously C. seriously, serious D。 serious,
seriously
7。 In our city, it is ______ in July, but it is even _______ in August。
A。 hotter; hottest B. hot; hot C. hotter; hot D。 hot; hotter
8。 India has the second _______ population in the world.