知识点
动词词义的辨析
动词辨义主要指：1、形状相同的动词之间辨义。如：lie, lay; hanged, hung; rise, raise; sit, seat等。2、意义相近的动词之间辨义。如：borrow, lend; speak, say, talk; hope, wish等。3、动词与其它词形相近、意义相似的词的辨义。如：advise, advice; cost, worth; pass, past 等。4、意义不同，但容易混淆的动词的辨义。如：explain, say; discover, invent, uncover; find, find out等。5、某些常用动词的习惯用法的辨义。如：ask, give, call, make, find, get, keep, want, see, hear等。6、某些常用动词短语的辨义。如：give in, give up, turn on, turn off, turn down, turn up等。
（一）易混动词
1.
2. Rise和raise：rise是不及物动词，其过去式是rose，过去分词是risen，而raise是及物动词，是规则动词。
3．hear与listen to：hear侧重点是听到，听见什么，而listen to是侧重于听的倾向，但hear用于无意中的听见，而listen to却用于集中注意力的听。
4．see, watch和look：see用作看电影，剧目；watch则用作看电视比赛，而watch还有在旁观看之意。如：Are you going to play or only watch? look一般用作不及物动词，只是当盯着某人看时用作及物动词，如：The little boy looked me in the face.（小男孩直盯着我的脸。）
5、wind和wound：wind意为蜿蜒而行，其过去式与过去分词都是wound，而动词原形wound意为伤害，其过去式、过去分词都是wounded。
6、hang的用法：hang有两个意思：一为悬挂，是不规则动词，过去式、过去分词都是hung；二为绞刑，是规则动词，其过去式、过去分词都是hanged。
7、hear的过去分词born与borne：bear作为出生讲有两个过去分词born，borne。只有当be+born…短语后没有by介词短语时，才可用born。如:He was born in Shanghai. 而作它用时要用borne。如：She has borne five children. 但如果作忍受讲，则一律用borne。
8、sit与seat：seat为及物动词时是作容纳讲，sit只是表示一动作。seat如果表示就座时要用be seated。如：They were seated at their desks. 或用seat oneself, 比如:I seated myself in the armchair.
9、borrow, lend与keep：借入英文中用borrow，借出用lend，但这两个词都是截止性动词或瞬间动词，不能用于长时间的动作，所以我能借多久应用keep。
10、win与beat：win作胜、赢讲时其后应接，a game, an argument, a battle, a prize, a contest, a race, a bet，但不能接人，如果接人则有另外的含意。如:I have won him. 即我
已说服他了，我赢得他的好感。而beat是及物动词为击败、胜过讲，直接接人、队。11、steal与rob：steal为偷。rob为抢，其用法不同。steal其后接物+from+某人、某地，而rob其后接人+of+抢的物品。
12、fit与suit：fit与suit均可作合适讲，但英文中却用在不同的地方。如fit用于尺寸大小的合适，而suit则多用于颜色式样的合适。
13、take, bring 与fetch：英文中拿三个词，即拿来，拿去，去取然后回来(即双程)。所以拿来，带来是bring，拿去带走是take，而去取回来是fetch。
14、shut与close：shut与close有时是可以互换的，但有些地方则不可这样做。如:在正式场合多用close，而在命令，态度粗暴的场合则用shut。如:Shut your mouth!(闭嘴)；又如:Shut up. 在指铁路、公路交通关闭或停止使用的场合，则要用close。
15、answer与reply：作为回答讲answer是及物动词，如作不及物动词，则意义不同，如answer for，意为向某人或向某事负责。而reply作回答讲是不及物动词，后跟宾语时，要加上to。
16、reach，arrive与get to：reach当到达讲是及物动词，而当延伸和拿得到、拿不到时讲，则是不及物动词。作到达讲时还有get to, arrive(at/in)。
17、cost，spend与take：英文中花费有三个词cost, spend, take，但各有不同用法。cost作“花费”讲，主语不能是人，而spend的主语不能是物。如: she spent all his money on stamps.而take作花费讲时，可用人也可用物做主语。更多的用法是用形式主语it，如It takes me three hours to finish this work.
18、lost, gone与missing：作补足语时意为丢失、不见了，可以用lost, gone，但要用miss时则不能用missed, 而要用missing.
19、have on, wear, put on及dress：作穿衣服讲的动词分为状态和动作两种。have on 与wear作穿着状态讲;但have on不用进行时态，而wear则常要用进行时态。put on是动作，但dress既可用作状态，又可用作穿衣动作，但用作状态时要用其过去分词作形容词如:He was dressed in a b1ue suit作动作讲时，其后不要接衣物而要接反身代词或表示人、物的名词，如：I dress my children in the morning every day.
20、begin与start
begin与Start 均可作开始讲，并无多少区别，同样可接不定式或动名词，但在下面的场合多要用Start：1)机器的开动发动；2)旅途的开始。如: We shou1d have to start early because there was a lot traffic in the street。
21、allow 与permit
allow与permit其后直接接动作时要用动名词，如接人后再接动词则要用不定式，所以用在被动语态时一定要用不定式。如：People are not allowed to spit.
22、find与found
find找到的过去式和过去分词都是found，而found是动词“建立”的原形，其过去式和过去分词是founded，founded，如：The People’s Republic of China was founded in 1949.
23、speak, say, talk 与tell
英文中讲有4个词，speak, say, talk, tell，但其中speak, talk多用作不及物动词，但speak后加语言名词时则用作及物动词，如：Please speak English。而say与tell是及物动词，其中tell常用作接双宾语，如：Tell me a story。但也有些特定的习惯用法，如：在
作讲实话，讲谎言，表示时间常用单宾语而不能换其它词，如：My watch was broken. It couldn’t tell time correctly。在书信、便条、海报上写着英文应为It said …。在作辨别不同讲时是tell，如：Can you tell me the difference between the two？而讲别人好坏话时用speak，如：The father always speaks well of his son.。
24、excuse me 与sorry
excuse me用于来打拢对方前以提醒对方注意的提示语，而sorry则表达因作了某事向对方道歉。
25、care for 与care to do
care for其后要接不定式时则要省去for或换用名词，如：Would you care for a cup of tea？但care for作照顾讲时与look after相同。
26、与名词易混的动词有：advise(v.), advice (n.); accept(v.), except(prep.); pass(v.), past(prep.); bathe(v.), bath(n.); breathe(v.), breath(n.); choose(v.), choice(n.); succeed(v.), success(n.);
27、意义相近的动词：ring摇铃，打铃，电话铃响，strike专指敲钟，打几点，撞击；suggest提出实验性或推测性的建议，advice表示对经验不足人的一种忠告；look由视觉得出的印象，seem暗示一定根据的判定，appear外表印象而实际或结果并非如此；stay 停留，逗留，remain遗物，某物被取走一部分后剩余部分；discover（发现）找到早已存在但未被人所了解的东西，invent（发明）研制出不存在的东西；remember记忆起以前经历或知道的事，remind提醒某人做某事。
28、动词 + 副词 + 介词：catch up with, look forward to, come up with, keep up with, go in for, look down on, get on with …
29、动词+ 介词to的词组有：come to, stick to, object to, agree to, turn to, attend to, belong to, devote to, reply to …
30、与in相结合的动词有：give in, hand in, bring in, drop in, succeed in, take in, check in, engage in, fill in, trade in …
（二）动词短语
1、根据动词短语的不同特点，掌握其运用规律。
(I)动词+副词(不及物)
Harry turned up after the party when everyone had left. 晚会后，人们都已离去，哈里出现了。
(2)动词+副词(及物)
Please turn every light in the house off. 请把房子里的每一盏灯都关掉。
注意：①如果宾语较长，就应避免把副词同动词分开。如：She turned off all the lights which had been left on. 她关掉了所有还在亮着的灯。②如果宾语是人称代词，只能放在动词和副词之间。如：She gave them away. 她送掉了它们。
(3)动词+介词(及物)
I'm looking for my glasses. 我在找我的眼镜。
注意：①当它跟宾语时，不能把介词放在宾语后面。②动词短语可以放在句子或从句末尾。如：She's got more work than she can cope with. 她的工作多得使她应付不了。
(4)动词+副词+介词
I look forward to seeing you soon. 我盼望不久就见到你。
注：“动词+介词”、“动词+名词+副词”、“动词+副词+介词”，这三种搭配都是及物的，如变成被动语态，不可漏掉介词。In this way both grain and vegetable can be well looked after. (不能漏掉after) 这样一来，粮食和蔬菜都能兼顾了。
2、熟悉同一动词和不同介词或副词、不同的动词和同一介词或同一副词搭配在意义上的差异。
(1)同一动词和不同介词搭配时，意义上的差异。如：①hear from收到…的来信，hear of听说。②look after照料，look at看，look for寻找。
(2)同一动词和不同副词搭配时，意义上的差异。如：①ring back回电话, ring off挂断电话, ring up打电话②put away放好, put on穿，上演, put up挂起，举起。
(3)不同动词和同一介词搭配时，在意义上的差异。如：look for寻找, call for去取(某物)，去接(某人), ask for请求, wait for等候, send for派人去叫。
(4)不同动词和同一副词搭配时，在意义上的差异。如：①break out发生，爆炸, carry out进行，开展, go out熄灭, hand out分发, let out放出, look out当心, sell out卖完, set out出发, take out取出, work out算出。②break down出毛病, come down落下来, get down下车, take down取下, write down写下。
句子
冠词：
1. Birds of a feather flock together.
2. What a heavy rain !
3. Please give me a coffee.
4. The dictionary is a great help to me.
5. He has a good knowledge of mathematics.
6. A Mr. Wang is waiting for you.
7. When I sat down, a fifth man rose to speak.
8. This is a most troublesome case.
9. The rich are not always happier than the poor.
10. Eggs are sold by the dozen.
11. Tom is the Newton of the age.
12. His father hit him on the head.
13. She caught me by the arm.
14. The compass was invented in China.
15. The Smiths love watching football matches.
16. He sat at the table, pen in hand.
17. Professor though/as he is, he is very modest.
18. We have elected Tom monitor of our class.
19. It is a world of wonders, a world where anything can happen.
20. It is said that Mary is a university student from a European country.
代词：
1. The chairman thought it necessary to invite Professor Smith.
2. I prefer a flat in Beijing to one in Perth, because I want to live near my Mom’s.
3. The air in the countryside is much fresher than that in the city.
4. No progress was made in the trade talk as neither side would accept the
conditions of the other.
5. I like it in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright.
6. I got the story from Tom and some other people.
7. These computers are at least equal in price to, if not cheaper than, the ones at
the other companies.
8. Why me? John is sitting there doing nothing.
9. I’m not quite myself today.
10. The train is late, so you have to wait another two hours.
练习
1. I can hardly ____ the difference between the two words.
A. point
B. speak
C. say
D. tell
2. I ____ you will write me back soon.
A. wish
B. hope
C. want
D. need
3. I asked him to ____ me a few minutes so that I could have a word with him.
A. spend
B. spare
C. save
D. share
4. Father will not ____ us to touch anything in his room when he is away.
A. have
B. let
C. agree
D. allow
5. I learned to ____ a bicycle as a small boy.
A. ride
B. drive
C. operate
D. run
6. I can ____ you to the railway station in my car.
A. send
B. pick
C. ride
D. take
7. If no one ____ the phone at home, ring me at work.
A. answers
B. returns
C. replies
D. receives
8.1 don't know the restaurant, but it's____ to be quite a good one.
A. said
B. told
C. spoken
D. talked
9. These boxes are too heavy for your mother, you'd better____ them for her.
A. bring
B. carry
C. take
D. fetch
10. There was a fight in the street yesterday. Three people were seriously ____.
A. hurt
B. killed
C. broken
D. cut
11. Careless driving ____ a lot of highway accidents.
A. affects
B. gives
C. causes
D. results
12. I've ____my umbrella in the office and I'll have to fetch it.
A. forgot
B. left
C. remained
D. lost
13 .The doctor says a few days' rest in a quiet place will ____ you a lot of good.
A. make
B.do
C. give
D. get
14. His heart ____ fast when the teacher asked him a difficult question.
A. beat
B. hit
C. jumped
D. ran
15. The cooking chicken ____ very good.
A. smells
B. feels
C. sounds
D. tastes
16. Most children stay at home until they ____ school age.
A. get
B. come
C. reach
D. arrive
17. A single mistake here could ____ you your life.
A. pay
B. take
C. spend
D. cost
18. The boy works hard. I___ him to succeed in the exam.
A. like
B. expect
C. think
D. need
19. We ____ each other the best of luck in the examination.
A. hoped
B. wanted
C. expected
D. wished
20. I'm afraid Mr. Brown isn't in. Would you like to____ a message?
A. give
B. leave
C. carry
D. take
21. Do you know the girl ____ a red coat?
A. dressed in
B. had on
C. wore
D. put on
22. The assistant suggested Mary ____ the blue skirt.
A. buying
B. bought
C. to buy
D. could buy
23. Our teacher suggested Wang Lin ____ to America for further study.
A. should send
B. would be sent
C. sending
D.be sent
24. Old Mr. Jackson insisted ____ to the Friendship Hospital.
A. on being sent
B. to send
C. on sending
D. being sent
25. The father insisted that their son Tom ____ clever enough to study music.
A. be
B. should be
C. was
D. would be
26. I ____ the television set for 1,500 Yuan.
A. bought
B. paid
C. cost
D. spent
27. I ____ play football than basketball.
A. would rather
B. had better
C. like better
D. prefer
28. - What are you doing? - I'm looking____ the children. They should be back for lunch now.
A. after
B.at
C. for
D. up
29. The sports meet will be ____ till next week because of the bad weather.
A. put off
B. put away
C. put up
D. put down
30. I really don't want to go to the party, but I don't see how I can ____ it.
A. get back from
B. get out of
C. get away
D. get off
31. Readers can ____ quite well without knowing the exact meaning of each word.
A. get over
B. get in C; get along D. get through
32. Many foreigners ____ the Great Wall as the World's Seventh Wonder.
A. look at
B. look for
C. look around
D. look on
33.1 can' t hear clearly. Please ____ the radio ____ a little.
A. tum; on
B. tum; off
C. tum; down
D. tum; up
34. Thirty people were expected, but only twenty - four ____.
A. turned in
B. turned up
C. turned to
D. turn up
35. The child is running a high fever. We must____ a doctor at once.
A. send in
B. send out
C. send for
D. send up
36. I'm going to a pop concert with Tom. He'll ____ me at eight and we'll go there together.
A. call for
B. call in
C. call on
D. call up
37. It is often easier to make plans than it is to ____.
A. carry on them
B. carry out them
C. carry them on
D. carry them out
38. Your composition must be ____ after class.
A. handed to
B. handed out
C. handed in
D. handed over
39. A new school was ____ in the village last year.
A. held up
B. set up
C. sent up
D. brought up
40. - When did the plane ____? -At 2 o'clock.
A. take off'
B. take up
C. take away
D. take place
41. ____! There's danger ahead.
A. Look at
B. Look up
C. Look on
D. Look out
42. Let's____ to clean the house. It's too dirty.
A. set about
B. set out
C. set off
D. set down
43. I used to ____ my teacher when I was in Beijing.
A. call in
B. call at
C. call for
D. call on
44. He ____ from his family and settled down in America.
A. broke away
B. broke out
C. broke up
D. broke in
45. He had to ____ his father's business after his death, though he didn't really want to continue it.
A. carry out
B. pick up
C. set up
D. carry on
46. The robbers had no trouble in ____ the bank, but when they came out, the police were waiting for them. A. breaking out B. breaking into C. breaking up
D. breaking away from
47. Autumn is coming. The farmers are busy____ the crops in the fields.
A. moving in
B. sharing in
C. handing in
D. getting in
48. All the students ____ their holidays to take part in planting trees.
A. gave out
B. gave in
C. gave up
D. gave away
49. He was always the last to leave in order to clean up the workroom and ____ the tools.
A. put away
B. take away
C. push aside
D. look after
50.____ this article and tell me what you think of it.
A. Look up
B. Look on
C. Look into
D. Look through
1~5 DBBDA 6~10 CAABA 11~15 CBBAA 16~20 CDBDB 21~25 AADAC
26~30 AACAB 31~35 CDCBC 36~40 ADCBA 41~45 DBDAD 46~50 BDCAD
动词练习(含答案) 一、单项选择动词 1．Whenever I feel lonely or upset, I always do some reading, which _________ me well. A．serves B．suits C．favors D．motivates 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】 考查动词辨析。句意：每当我感到孤独或沮丧时，我总是读些书，这对我很有好处。A. serves对某人有用；B. suits适合；C. favors 支持；D. motivates 激励。serve sb“对某人有用”符合句意。故A选项正确。 2．All the doctors in the hospital insisted that he ____ badly wounded and that he ____ at once. A．should be; be operated on B．were; must be operated on C．be; was operated on D．was; be operated on 【答案】D 【解析】 试题分析：考查insist的用法。句意：医院里所有的医生都认为他受伤很严重，要求他立即动手术。insist作“坚决要求做某事”讲时，要用虚拟语气；当“坚持说，坚持陈述某事实”解时，用陈述语气。 考点 : 考查insist的用法 3．If you ever aren’t sure whether you have bought the very best smartphone, just _________ “good enough.” A．make for B．settle for C．answer for D．account for 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 考查动词词组。A. make for有助于；B. settle for勉强同意；C. answer for对---负责；D. account for对---作出解释。句意：如果你曾经不确定是否买过最好的智能手机，就满足于“足够好”。故选B。 4．Restaurants in every corner of Mianyang not only provide job opportunities but ____lots of taxes as well. A．bring in B．bring about C．result in D．result from 【答案】A
英语词义辨析100组 动词 1. abandon desert discard quit abandon: 放弃，丢弃，抛弃。指因为外界的压力或影响完全放弃，因迫不得已而放弃，如: abandon obligation 放弃任务。 desert: 抛弃，舍弃，指某人或某物在困境中“被抛弃”。如: desert the baby after giving birth 生下婴儿后将其抛弃。 discard: 丢弃，抛弃（老朋友或旧物）。如:discard one’s old friends 抛弃老朋友。 quit: 离开，退出，突然放弃。指主动放弃或离开。如: quit one’s job 辞职。 2. abolish cancel remove eliminate abolish: 废除，强调对法律或旧习惯的废除。如: abolish slavery 废除奴隶制。 cancel: 取消，强调对原定的会议、计划、安排等取消。如: cancel the meeting 取消会议。 remove: 出去，撤去。强调位臵的移动或从远处消失。如: remove the stain from clothes 清除衣服上的污渍。 eliminate: 除去，剔除，淘汰。强调使彻底消失。如: eliminate sb. From competition 把某人淘汰出局，eliminate poverty 消除贫困 3. abuse curse condemn criticize abuse: 谩骂，辱骂；滥用，虐待。指出口恶言骂人。 curse: 诅咒，咒骂。表示愤怒或嫉恨。 condemn: 谴责，强调由于不良行为或过失而受到强烈谴责。用于正式、严肃的场合。 criticize: 批评某人，强调指出某人的错误或不足之处。 4. accelerate speed hasten quicken accelerate: 加速，既可指使物体加快速度运动，也可指使事情进程加快。如：accelerate the economic growth 加快经济增长的速度。 speed: 加速，指事物快速运动。 hasten: 赶快，催促。指急忙地做某事。 quicken: 加快。指富有生机地将动作在更短的时间内完成。 5. accumulate assemble collect gather accumulate: 积累，积聚。指有规则地、逐渐地=不断地大量积聚（知识、财富等）。如：accumulate wealth 积聚财富。
高考英语语法复习动词词义辨析 动词是是各类考试的重点，高考试题中，单项填空、完形填空和改错等三项题型中，动词辨义的比重较大，并逐年增加。动词辨义主要指：1、形状相同的动词之间辨义。如：lie, lay; hanged, hung; rise, raise; sit, seat等。2、意义相近的动词之间辨义。如：borrow, lend; speak, say, talk; hope, wish等。3、动词与其它词形相近、意义相似的词的辨义。如：advise, advice; cost, worth; pass, past 等。4、意义不同，但容易混淆的动词的辨义。如：explain, say; discover, invent, uncover; find, find out等。5、某些常用动词的习惯用法的辨义。如：ask, give, call, make, find, get, keep, want, see, hear等。6、某些常用动词短语的辨义。如：give in, give up, turn on, turn off, turn down, turn up等。 （一）易混动词 2、rise和raise：rise是不及物动词，其过去式是rose，过去分词是risen，而raise 是及物动词，是规则动词。 3、hear与listen to：hear侧重点是听到，听见什么，而listen to是侧重于听的倾向，但hear用于无意中的听见，而listen to却用于集中注意力的听。 4、see, watch和look：see用作看电影，剧目；watch则用作看电视比赛，而watch还有在旁观看之意。如：Are you going to play or only watch?；look一般用作不及物动词，只是当盯着某人看时用作及物动词，如：The little boy looked me in the face.（小男孩直盯着我的脸。） 5、wind和wound：wind意为蜿蜒而行，其过去式与过去分词都是wound，而动词原形wound 意为伤害，其过去式、过去分词都是wounded。 6、hang的用法：hang有两个意思：一为悬挂，是不规则动词，过去式、过去分词都是hung；二为绞刑，是规则动词，其过去式、过去分词都是hanged。 7、hear的过去分词born与borne：bear作为出生讲有两个过去分词born，borne。只有当be+born…短语后没有by介词短语时，才可用born。如:He was born in Shanghai. 而作它用时要用borne。如：She has borne five children. 但如果作忍受讲，则一律用borne。 8、sit与seat：seat为及物动词时是作容纳讲，sit只是表示一动作。seat如果表示就座时要用be seated。如：They were seated at their desks. 或用seat oneself, 比如:I seated myself in the armchair. 9、borrow, lend与keep：借入英文中用borrow，借出用lend，但这两个词都是截止性动词或瞬间动词，不能用于长时间的动作，所以我能借多久应用keep。 10、win与beat：win作胜、赢讲时其后应接，a game, an argument, a battle, a prize, a contest, a race, a bet，但不能接人，如果接人则有另外的含意。如:I have won him. 即我已说服他了，我赢得他的好感。而beat是及物动词为击败、胜过讲，直接接人、队。 11、steal与rob：steal为偷。rob为抢，其用法不同。steal其后接物+from+某人、某地，而rob其后接人+of+抢的物品。 12、fit与suit：fit与suit均可作合适讲，但英文中却用在不同的地方。如fit用于尺寸大小的合适，而suit则多用于颜色式样的合适。 13、take, bring 与fetch：英文中拿三个词，即拿来，拿去，去取然后回来(即双程)。所以拿来，带来是bring，拿去带走是take，而去取回来是fetch。 14、shut与close：shut与close有时是可以互换的，但有些地方则不可这样做。如:在
2019 年中考英语真题--- 形容词和副词词义辨析（一） 1. 【2019 ? 福建省】More and more people have realized that clear water and green mountains are as as mountains of gold a and silver. A. central B. special C. valuable 2. 【2019 ?兰州 市】How ___ it rained yesterday! We had to cancel our football match. A heavily B. light C. heavy D. lightly 3.【2019 ?安徽 省】—The 5G technology can help doctors treat patients who are hundreds of kilometers away. —It's really __ A. secret B. direct C. amazing D. traditional 4. 【2019 ?安徽 省】I came to school _____ this morning because it was my turn to clean our classroom. A. early B. slowly C. quietly D. suddenly 5. 【2019 ?山东滨州市】The artist is so ___ that he can make different changing __________________________________________ pictures with sand. A. common B. careless C. creative D. helpful 6. 【2019 ?山东滨州市】—Confucius Institute （孔子学院） has been set up in many other countries. —Yes, Chinese is _____ spoken in those countries. I am proud of that as a Chinese. A. hardly B. widely C. never D. seldom 7. 【2019 ? 江西省】Peter spoke so ____ that I could hardly hear him.
（英语）英语动词练习题含答案 一、单项选择动词 1．To get promoted, I must _____ my colleagues, who are committed to their jobs. A．take after B．take to C．take in D．take on 【答案】A 【解析】 试题分析：考查动词短语辨析。短语take after长得像，性格类似于，效仿；take to喜欢上，沉溺于；take in吸收，理解，欺骗，收养；take on雇佣，呈现；句意：为了被提拔，我要消防我的同事们，他们工作非常努力。根据句意可知take after意为“效仿”，符合上下文含义。 考点：考查动词短语辨析 2．All the doctors in the hospital insisted that he ____ badly wounded and that he ____ at once. A．should be; be operated on B．were; must be operated on C．be; was operated on D．was; be operated on 【答案】D 【解析】 试题分析：考查insist的用法。句意：医院里所有的医生都认为他受伤很严重，要求他立即动手术。insist作“坚决要求做某事”讲时，要用虚拟语气；当“坚持说，坚持陈述某事实”解时，用陈述语气。 考点 : 考查insist的用法 3．One of the best ways to show confidence is to do it slowly, instead of rushing it. Nervous people rush things to their nervousness. A．ignore B．mask C．govern D．modify 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 考查动词辨析。句意：展示自信的最好方法之一是慢慢来，而不是操之过急。紧张的人会匆忙做事来掩饰他们的紧张。A. ignore忽略；B. mask掩饰;C. govern统治；D. modify修饰。mask为动词,是掩饰的意思，符合句意。故B选项正确。 4．--- As we know, taking positive attitudes towards life is beneficial to our body and mind. --- You can say that again. Struggle not to let negative ideas . A．take over B．take off C．take on D．take up
常见基础动词词义辨析 动词是是各类考试的重点，高考试题中，完形填空、语法填空和写作等三项题型中，动词辨义的比重较大，并逐年增加。动词辨义主要指： 1、形状相同的动词之间辨义。如：lie, lay; hanged, hung; rise, raise; sit, seat等。 2、意义相近的动词之间辨义。如：borrow, lend; speak, say, talk; hope, wish等。 3、动词与其它词形相近、意义相似的词的辨义。如：advise, advice; cost, worth; pass, past 等。 4、意义不同，但容易混淆的动词的辨义。如：explain, say; discover, invent, uncover; find, find out等。 5、某些常用动词的习惯用法的辨义。如：ask, give, call, make, find, get, keep, want, see, hear等。 6、某些常用动词短语的辨义。如：give in, give up, turn on, turn off, turn down, turn up，turn out, result in, result from等。 （一）易混动词 1、lay（放）, lie（躺）与lie（说谎）：这三个易混动词构成见下表： 中文原形过去式过去分词现在分词说明 放 lay laid laid laying 及物动词 躺 lie lay lain lying 不及物动词 说谎 lie lied lied lying 不及物动词 2、rise和raise：rise是不及物动词，其过去式是rose，过去分词是risen，而raise是及物动词，是规则动词。 3、hear与listen to：hear侧重点是听到，听见什么，而listen to是侧重于听的倾向，但hear用于无意中的听见，而listen to却用于集中注意力的听。
同义词辨析练习及解 析
高考语文词语辨析题 1．（2008江西卷）依次填入下列各句横线处的词语，最恰当的一组是（） ①改革开放30年后的今天，干部队伍化建设已经有了制度保障。 ②现代科技的发展日新月异，从前的幻想今天都有可能成为现实。 ③到半夜，小说终于脱稿了，他地摸着胡子，长长地松了口气。 A. 年轻以至踌躇满志 B. 年青以致踌躇满志 C. 年轻以致自鸣得意 D. 年青以至自鸣得意 [答案] A 【解析】①中应选“年轻”。“年轻”指人的岁数不大，有相比较而言之义：他很年轻｜我比他年轻｜领导班子年轻化；而“年青”则为处于青年时期，不合语境。②中应选“以至”。“以至”可以表示表示时间、数量、程度、范围等的延伸，也可以用于下半句的开头，表示由于上文所说的动作、情况的程度很深而形成的结果；而“以致”用于下半句的开头，表示下文是上述原因所形成的结果（多指不好的结果）。再说，“踌躇满志”是中性词，形容对自己的现状或取得的成就非常得意；而“自鸣得意”是贬义词，自己表示很得意，所以应选A。 2.（2009北京卷）依次填入下列各句横线处的词语，最恰当的一组是（） ①逐步推广使用清洁的可再生能源，减少使用污染环境的能源，是＿环境恶化的正确选择。 ②随着人们自律程度的不断提高，过去有些需要用铁栏杆来维持＿的地方，现在只要拉绳或画线就行了。 ③具有世界影响的中国画大师张干千，人物、花鸟、鱼虫、走兽无一不精，尤其＿画山水 A.遏制次序善于 B.遏制秩序擅长 C.遏止秩序擅长 D.遏止次序善于 [答案]B解析：遏制：表示禁止、禁绝，尽量控制事件发生，但结果有可能事件还是发生，只是在某种程度上减缓或减轻；遏止是尽量阻止事件发生。秩序：重点表示“有条理，不混乱”，一般指社会状况。次序：重点表示顺序，可以指人或物，也可以指自然现象或社会状况。擅长、善于：前者重在某方面具有特殊的专长；后者重在长处、优点。 3.（2009天津卷）下列各句横线处应填入的词语，最恰当的一组是（） ①对严复提出的“信、雅、达”的翻译标准，有学者为：“信”是忠于原作，“达”是忠于读者，“雅”是对于文学语言的忠诚。 ②走在大街上，天色微暗，行人稀少，几片雪花飘落，更平添了几分寒意。 ③“天生我材必有用”，这不是诗人，而是在怀才不遇的情况下，仍希望终有一日能大展宏图。 A.解释偶然妄自尊大 B.解读偶然夜郎自大 C.解释偶尔妄自尊大 D.解读偶尔夜郎自大 C【解析】“解释”与“解读”一组词语的区别就在于两个不同的词素；“释”在对概念等做出诠释，而“读”多是对文字作主观认知上的处理；“偶然”和“偶 精品资料
动词练习题带答案 一、单项选择动词 1．One of the best ways to show confidence is to do it slowly, instead of rushing it. Nervous people rush things to their nervousness. A．ignore B．mask C．govern D．modify 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 考查动词辨析。句意：展示自信的最好方法之一是慢慢来，而不是操之过急。紧张的人会匆忙做事来掩饰他们的紧张。A. ignore忽略；B. mask掩饰;C. govern统治；D. modify修 饰。mask为动词,是掩饰的意思，符合句意。故B选项正确。 2．In modern times,people have to learn to all kinds of pressure although they are leading a comfortable life. A．keep with B．stay with C．meet with D．live with 【答案】D 【解析】 live with和put up with类似，在此意为“忍受”。句意：在现代社会，人们尽管过着舒适的 生活，但他们还得学会忍受各种各样的压力。 3．It is reported that the police will soon _____ the case of the two missing children. A．look upon B．look after C．look into D．look out 【答案】C 【解析】 试题分析：考察动词词组辨析。A. look upon环顾；B. look after照顾； C. look into调查；D. look out当心；据报道警方将坚持调查两个孩子失踪的案件，所以答案是C。 考点：考察动词词组辨析。 4．The main issue at the APEC meeting was a climate-change plan _____ by Australia’s Howard and backed by Bush. A．put out B．put off C．put away D．put forward 【答案】D 【解析】 考查短语辨析。句意“APEC会议的重要议题是一项气候改变计划，是由澳大利亚的霍华德 提出的，并得到了布什的支持。”A“扑灭”；B“推迟”；C“收拾起来，放好”；D“提出”。故选
语法复习九：动词词义辨析 动词是是各类考试的重点，高考试题中，单项填空、完形填空和改错等三项题型中，动词辨义的比重较大，并逐年增加。动词辨义主要指：1、形状相同的动词之间辨义。如：lie, lay; hanged, hung; rise, raise; sit, seat等。2、意义相近的动词之间辨义。如：borrow, lend; speak, say, talk; hope, wish等。3、动词与其它词形相近、意义相似的词的辨义。如：advise, advice; cost, worth; pass, past 等。4、意义不同，但容易混淆的动词的辨义。如：explain, say; discover, invent, uncover; find, find out等。5、某些常用动词的习惯用法的辨义。如：ask, give, call, make, find, get, keep, want, see, hear 等。6、某些常用动词短语的辨义。如：give in, give up, turn on, turn off, turn down, turn up等。 （一）易混动词 2、rise和raise：rise是不及物动词，其过去式是rose，过去分词是risen，而raise是及物动词，是规则动词。 3、hear与listen to：hear侧重点是听到，听见什么，而listen to是侧重于听的倾向，但hear 用于无意中的听见，而listen to却用于集中注意力的听。 4、see, watch和look：see用作看电影，剧目；watch则用作看电视比赛，而watch还有在旁观看之意。如：Are you going to play or only watch?；look一般用作不及物动词，只是当盯着某人看时用作及物动词，如：The little boy looked me in the face.（小男孩直盯着我的脸。） 5、wind和wound：wind意为蜿蜒而行，其过去式与过去分词都是wound，而动词原形wound 意为伤害，其过去式、过去分词都是wounded。 6、hang的用法：hang有两个意思：一为悬挂，是不规则动词，过去式、过去分词都是hung；二为绞刑，是规则动词，其过去式、过去分词都是hanged。 7、hear的过去分词born与borne：bear作为出生讲有两个过去分词born，borne。只有当be+born…短语后没有by介词短语时，才可用born。如:He was born in Shanghai. 而作它用时要用borne。如：She has borne five children. 但如果作忍受讲，则一律用borne。 8、sit与seat：seat为及物动词时是作容纳讲，sit只是表示一动作。seat如果表示就座时要用be seated。如：They were seated at their desks. 或用seat oneself, 比如:I seated myself in the armchair. 9、borrow, lend与keep：借入英文中用borrow，借出用lend，但这两个词都是截止性动词或瞬间动词，不能用于长时间的动作，所以我能借多久应用keep。 10、win与beat：win作胜、赢讲时其后应接，a game, an argument, a battle, a prize, a contest, a race, a bet，但不能接人，如果接人则有另外的含意。如:I have won him. 即我已说服他了，我赢得他的好感。而beat是及物动词为击败、胜过讲，直接接人、队。 11、steal与rob：steal为偷。rob为抢，其用法不同。steal其后接物+from+某人、某地，而rob其后接人+of+抢的物品。
英语名词常见题型及答题技巧及练习题(含答案)及解析 一、初中英语名词 1．（?苏州）Steve Jobs was full of — always coming up with new ideas which led to great changes in society. A. instruction B. invitation C. introduction D. invention 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】考查名词辨析。句意：史蒂夫·乔布斯充满了发明-总是提出新的想法，这导致了社会的巨大变化。instruction指令；invitation邀请；introduction介绍，说明；invention发明。结合语境，所以选D。 2．— I don't know how to use the App Fun Dubbing. — Ask Kitty for help. She has lots of in doing it. A. expression B. experiment C. examination D. experience 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：——我不知道怎样使用趣味配音软件。——向Kitty寻求帮助。她有许多做它的经验。A.表达；B.实验；C.考试；D.经验。向Kitty寻求帮助的原因是Kitty有这方面的经验，故选D。 【点评】考查名词辨析，注意平时识记其词义，理解句意。 3．—Mom, I will eat less fast food this year, believe me. —If you make a , you must keep it. A. joke B. noise C. mistake D. promise 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】考查名词辨析。句意：-妈妈，我今年将会少吃快餐，相信我。-如果你许下诺言，你就必须坚持它。Joke笑话；noise吵闹；mistake错误；promise诺言。结合语境，所以选D。 4．There's little left at home. Go and buy some, dear. A. carrots B. potatoes C. rice 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】考查名词辨析。句意：家里剩的马铃薯不多了，去买一些吧。A. carrots 胡萝卜；B. potatoes马铃薯；C. rice大米。因为空格前有little，它修饰不可数名词，rice 是不可数名词，故选C。
贫、穷 这两个字都有“景况不好”的意思。“贫”的反义词是“富”，指缺乏衣、食、财。如“蜀之鄙有二僧，其一贫，其一富”（彭端淑《为学》）。“穷”的反义词是“通”或“达”。如“穷则独善其身，达则兼济天下”（《孟子·尽心上》）。“穷”除了上述义外，还作“尽”讲，如“子子孙孙无穷匮也”（《列子·汤问》） 疾、病 “疾”，常指一般的生病。如“君之疾在腠理，不治将恐深”（《韩非子·喻老》）。“疾”也表示快，这个意义今天仍用，如“大声疾呼”。“病”，生病，常指病得很重。如“（君之病）在骨髓，臣是以无请也”（出处同前）。 饥、饿 “饥”指一般的肚子饿，与“饱”相对。如“饥渴而顿踣”（柳宗元《捕蛇者说》）。“饿”指严重的饥饿，指没有饭吃而受到死亡的威胁。如“家有常业，虽饥不饿”（《韩非子·饰邪》）。 盗、窃 “窃”是指“盗窃”，偷东西。如“窃货日益”（《苟子·修身》）。“盗”相当于今天的“贼”；古书中的“盗”，多是古代统治阶级对起义的奴隶或农民的称呼。如“岁凶荒，人饥为盗，河南尤甚”（《旧唐书·黄巢传》）。“窃”除指“偷”以外，还表示“偷偷地，暗中”，如“窃载与之齐”（《史记·孙膑列传》）。 荫、蔽
二者都有“遮住”义，但是范围大小差别很大。“荫”只能从上遮住，而且指遮住阳光。如“树林荫翳，鸣声上下”（欧阳修《醉翁亭记》）。而“蔽”遮的范围更大，可以从前后左右遮住，也可以从上遮住。如“项伯亦以身翼蔽沛公”（《史记·项羽本纪》）。 诽、谤 这两个词与“讥”都是指责别人的过错或短处，但是它们之间有一定的差别。“诽”是背地里议论、嘀咕，如“不诱于誉，不恐于诽”（《荀子·非十二子》）。“谤”一般指公开地指责。如“厉王虐，国人谤王”（《国语·周语上》）。而“讥”则是微言讽刺。 购、买 “购”是指重赏征求。如“太宗尝出御府金帛购求王羲之书迹”（《旧唐书·褚遂良传》）。“买”指拿钱换东西。古代“购”和“买”不是同义词，“购”的东西往往不是商品，跟“买”的性质不相同。 商、贾(ｇǔ)——这两个词都指做买卖的行为和做买卖的人，但所指对象并不完全相同。“商”指往来行商，“贾”指设店售货。《白虎通·商贾》：“行曰商，止曰贾。商之为言章也，章其远近，度其有无，通四方之物，故谓之商。”《周礼·地宫·司市》：“以商贾阜货而行布。”郑玄注：“居卖物曰贾。”《说文》：“贾，坐售卖也。”由于所指并不完全相同，因此古代有“行商坐贾”之说。
【英语】高三英语动词及其解题技巧及练习题(含答案) 一、单项选择动词 1．A long road tests a horse’s strength and a long-term task ________ a man’s heart. A．proves B．will prove C．is proving D．has proved 【答案】A 【解析】 试题分析：考查动词时态。句意：路遥知马力，日久见人心。这是一条谚语，故用一般现在时态，故选A。 考点：考查动词时态 2．Clinical evidence began to________， suggesting that the new drugs had a wider range of useful activities than had been predicted from experiments in animals. A．operate B．strengthen C．approve D．accumulate 【答案】D 【解析】 【分析】【详解】 考查动词辨析。句意：临床证据开始积累，表明这种新药比在动物身上的实验所预计的有更广范围的使用。A. operate 操作，运转；B. strengthen加强；C. approve批准，赞成；D. accumulate积累。根据句意选D。 3．The relevant authorities have recently ________ some companies and individuals for their illegal emission that is harmful to the environment. A．cut back on B．cracked down on C．followed up on D．held out on 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：有关当局最近对一些公司和个人非法排放有害环境的行为进行了严厉打击。A. cut back on 削减；B. cracked down on 严惩;；C. followed up on 进一步了解；D. held out on 保守秘密。crack down on“严惩”符合句意。故B选项正确。 4．Despite the heavy snow outside yesterday, everybody in the company ________ their daily tasks as usual. A．brought about B．worried about C．cared about D．went about 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】 考查动词词组。A. brought about 带来； B. worried about 担忧； C. cared about关心； D.
一、选择题 1．Is this a photo of your son? He looks________ in the blue T-shirt. A．lovely B．quietly C．beautiful D．happily 2．We’d better finish our work ________ one go. Don’t put it off till next time. A．in B．to C．on D．for 3．It’s ________ of the soldiers to ru sh into the fire to save people. A．stupid B．proud C．honest D．brave 4．In modern life, shopping online is________ used by many people, especially for teenagers. A．exactly B．badly C．heavily D．widely 5．I once worked for a travel magazine for one year and the ________ helped me get a job as a reporter. A．experiment B．information C．experience D．instruction 6．Some animals carry seeds from one place to another, ________ plants can spread to new places. A．so B．or C．but D．for 7．— Can you tell us about our new teacher? —Oh, I’m sorry. I know________ about him because I haven’t seen him before. A．something B．anything C．nothing D．everything 8．People who always do sports are in spirits than those who don't. A．high B．higher C．tall D．taller 9．He is wearing his sunglasses to himself from the strong sunlight. A．prevent B．stop C．keep D．protect 10．He can’t wait to get a ticket to the movie, so he________ for it yesterday. A．spent B．paid C．took D．cost 11．Wang Dong didn't go to school yesterday ________ he was ill. A．so B．if C．because 12．Remember to return the book to the school library in time, ________ you will be fined(罚款). A．or B．and C．but D．so 13．He ________all the “No Smoking” signs and lit up a cigarette. A．requested B．attacked C．protected D．ignored 14．—Mum, I don’t want the trousers. They’re too long. —Sorry. I’ll buy a ________ pair for you. A．big B．small C．short 15．—Do you know what the meeting is about? —Yes, of course. It will ________ some important rules we need to know about our new senior high school. A．talk B．achieve C．memorize D．cover
（英语）英语动词基本形式技巧(很有用)及练习题及解析 一、动词基本形式 1．—China has many famous mountains, such ______Mount Hua, Mount Heng and Mount Emei. —Yes, and most of them __in the western part of China. A. as, lie B. as, live C. for, stand 【答案】A 【解析】【分析】句意：---中国有很多名山，如华山、衡山、峨嵋山、--是的，大部分位于中国的西部地区。短语：such as例如；比如；lie in位于。live in住在；stand站在；故答案为A。 【点评】考查固定搭配和动词辨析。牢记固定搭配，根据句意确定答案。 2．What me most is its sights. A. interested; interested B. interested; interesting C. interesting; interesting D. interesting; interested 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】根据选项可知句意为：最使我感兴趣的是它有趣的风景。第一空应填动 词，使......感兴趣interest,过去式为interested，故排除C和D。第二空应填形容词修饰sights风景，应填ing形容词。故选B。 3．In fact, Liu Tu's parents have nothing against . A. run B. to run C. runs D. running 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】against反对（介词），介词后跟动词ing形式，故选D。 【点评】考查动词的不同形式。 4．— Has Jane done the washing yet? — You cannot her to do such a thing A. want B. hope C. expect D. wish 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：一一珍妮洗衣服了吗?一一你不能期待她做这些事。 A. want要，想要; B. hope希望;C. expect期待; D. wish愿望。从含义上看，want和wish不通，即 A D 错。英语中没有hope sb to do sth这个结构。故选C。
苏州中考英语真题模拟题分类之十动词词义辨析1．（2019?高新区一模）﹣﹣﹣The work is really tiring．I want to have a holiday to relax．﹣﹣﹣______your time well if you want to．（） A．Use B．Keep C．Spend D．Take 2．（2018?园区一模）﹣If you always yourself with others，you may have much stress．﹣I agree．We should believe in ourselves．（） A．compare B．communicate C．connect D．consider 3．（2018?高新区一模）一He seems terribly ill．I'm afraid we have to take him to hospital right now． 一I don't think it ．Maybe he's caught a bit of a cold．（） A．works B．matters C．cares D．minds 4．（2018?吴中区模拟）﹣How do you like the newspaper 21st Century？ ﹣Good indeed．It many news stories all over the world．（） A．covers B．talks C．writes D．says 5．（2017?苏州一模）In an important game like this one，every minute ．So let's go for it!（） A．counts B．works C．lasts D．helps 6．（2018?张家港市模拟）﹣Dr．Wei，I need to a lot of weight．﹣All you need to do is go on a diet and work out．（） A．move B．lose C．gain D．save 7．（2017?苏州一模）Samuel's father ________him to be a doctor when he grows up．（）A．hopes B．wants C．plans D．makes 8．（2017?昆山市一模）A 16﹣year﹣old girl Wu Yishu_______the whole country because of winning a televised Chinese poetry competition with her keen knowledge of the country's ancient culture and works．（） A．spread B．satisfied C．surprised D．supported 9．（2017?苏州一模）A good listener takes part in the conversation，______ ideas and raising