雅思写作话题词汇

附录：雅思写作必备词汇一.同经济有关的词汇extravagant 浪费的，奢侈的throw money into thin air 浪费钱squander v. 浪费：If we squander our fossil fuels, we threaten civilization.lavish v. 浪费：lavish time and money on petsWe have to economize on water during the dry season.dear，luxurious 豪华的，money-consuming 浪费钱的，precious，valuabledestitute 贫穷的impoverished 贫穷的（名词形式为impoverishment）poverty-stricken 贫穷的poorneedy 贫穷的，缺乏生活必需品的: They collected money to help the needy children. poverty line 贫穷线，贫困线a lucrative investment profitable 赚钱的，盈利的wealthybe short of insufficient 不足的，不够的：The food is insufficient for our needs.lack n&vt缺乏，be lacking in：She is lacking in responsibility.run out of 用完scarcity n.缺乏，不足：The scarcity of food was caused by the drought.There is a shortage of oil in this country.asset n.资产 a tight budget 资金/预算紧张financial aid 经济资助financial/economic burden经济负担financial strain 资金紧张government revenue 政府税收foreign currency 外汇taxpayer 纳税人有限的公共资金income 收入hard-earned money 辛苦挣来的钱consumer goods 消费品consumption n. 消费(consume v.) expenditure n.花费，支出beggar pauper=beggar homeless 无家可归的laid-off workers 下岗工人jobless 失业的；失业者charity 慈善（形容词为charitable）healthcare 医疗保健starvation=hunger 饥饿famine 饥荒disease illiteracy 文盲（形容词为illiterate）welfare 福利shelter 庇护所nursing home/house 养老院miserable 痛苦的，悲惨的well-being福利subsidize=finance 资助，补助二．同时间有关的词汇squeeze time 挤时间wile away the time 消磨时间kill time 浪费时间a waste of time and resource precious time-consuming 消耗时间的a great waste of time occupy vt.占用：Reading occupies most of my free time.take up 占用pass time 消磨时光They messed about in the club most of the summer.tempting 诱惑人的：a tempting offer吸引人的提议；a tempting smell诱人的气味alluring 迷人的，吸引人的，诱惑的：an alluring advertisementdistracting 分心的（动词为distract）：Noise distracted the writer from his work.lure vt.引诱：The price also lures students.induce vt.劝诱，促使：Nothing in the world would induce me to do that.entice somebody to do something/into doing something.addictive 上瘾的be addicted to 上瘾wallow in 沉溺于：wallow in luxuryrevel in 着迷，酷爱，纵情于：revel in filmsresist the temptation 抵挡住诱惑be obsessed with 沉迷于abandon oneself to 沉溺于：The young man abandoned himself to despair.indulge in 沉湎于：indulge oneself in eating and drinking纵情于吃喝；indulge in tobacco 吸烟无度self-control 自控inhibit v.抑制，约束self-discipline 自律refrain vi.节制，避免，制止：The boy refrained from tears；Please refrain from spitting on the sidewalk.restrain vt.抑制，制止：I couldn't restrain my laughter；We restrained the children from playing by the railroad；The government has taken measures to restrain inflation.academic performance 学习表现misleading 易误解的，令人误解的play truant 逃学：In my last year I played truant a lot. skip classes 逃课efficiency 效率productivity 生产力rewarding 有益的，值得的三.同健康有关的词汇acute 急性的chronic 慢性的malady 疾病obesity 肥胖（形容词为obese）incurable disease=terminal illness 绝症depression 抑郁症diabetes 糖尿病tumor 肿瘤hypertension 高血压（hypotension 低血压）stroke 中风以下词汇可以暂时只认知：arthritis 关节炎coronary heart disease 冠心病epidemics传染病（形容词为epidemic）eye irritation 眼睛发炎infectious disease 传染病rabies=hydrophobia 狂犬病tuberculosis 肺结核bloated 臃肿的，过于肥胖的dizzy 头昏眼花的fatigue n.疲乏，疲劳headaches indigestion 消化不良indolent 懒惰的morbid 病态的muscle aches insomnia 失眠（口语中也说lose sleep）constipation 便秘nausea 反胃，恶心near-sighted=myopia 近视overweight 超重sore throat 喉咙发炎symptom 症状tiredness=weariness 疲倦fracture骨折跛子malnutrition 营养不良addictive nocuous 有害的，有毒的（反义词innocuous）cancer-causing致癌的impair v.削弱，危机：Poor food impaired her health. deleterious 有害的，有毒的hazardous 危险的，有害的harmful be physically damaging 有害健康的do harm to one’s health 有害健康endanger one’s health 危机健康pernicious有害的noxious 有害的，有毒的：Noxious chemicals are found in the river water.high fat and calorie high cholesterol junk food oily fooddeteriorate v.恶化：Relations between the two countries have deteriorated sharply in recent weeks.’s health.bacteria 细菌germ 细菌excessive intake 过量摄入cancerous 癌的virus 病毒carcinogen 致癌物toxic gas 有毒气体bleach 漂白剂radiation 辐射fume 烟，气体venomous 有毒的，分泌毒液的poisonous 有毒的a meager diet 素食immune 免疫的aerobic exercise 有氧运动jog 慢跑balanced diet 平衡饮食lose weight life expectancy 预期寿命energetic=vigorous 精力充沛的vegetarian 素食者fitness 健康hygienic 卫生的medical 医学的medical care 医疗medical treatment 医疗prevention 预防remedy 治疗法，药物eradicate v.根除，消灭：The government is making efforts to eradicate racial discriminating. nourishment 营养品vitamin nutrition 营养cure 治愈organ transplant 器官移植pain-killer 止疼药therapy 治疗，疗法pharmaceutical 药物的calcium 钙iron 铁zinc 锌iodine 碘phosphate 磷四．同情感有关的词汇affectionate 充满深情的：She was very affectionate with children.allegiance 忠贞（形容词为allegiant）：He is trying to win the allegiance of the masses.loyal 忠诚的，衷心的: She was loyal to her faith.He is loyal to his wife.sincerity 诚挚，真挚（形容词为sincere）：He is a man of sincerity.congenial 性格相似的，意气相投的：I met few people congenial to me in that city.devoted 投入的，深爱的energetic 精力旺盛的warm-hearted friendlyfaithful 忠实的，可靠的fervent 热情的：She has a fervent desire to win. enthusiasm 热情：The proposal was greeted with great enthusiasm.intimate 熟悉的：Both of them felt that they had become very intimate.）emotion 情感：Love, hatred, and grief are emotions.anxiety 忧虑，焦急apathy 冷漠arrogance 傲慢desolation 孤独，凄凉desperate 不顾一切的，拼命的，绝望的：A desperate man will stop at nothing to get what he wants.He was desperate when he lost all his money.He was desperate for work to provide for a large family.diffident 缺乏自信的：She is diffident about expressing her opinions.drowsy 昏昏欲睡的：The story took place on a drowsy summer afternoon.These tablets will make you drowsy.eccentric 古怪的：My neighbor is an eccentric young man.egoism 自我主义（egoist 自我主义者）frustrated 受挫的，失意的hopeless 绝望的languid 懒洋洋的isolated 孤独的indifferent 冷漠的introverted 内向的（反义extroverted）inferior 自卑的，劣等的inhospitable 冷漠的，不好客的（名词为inhospitality，反义为hospitable，hospitality）pessimistic 悲观的（反义为optimistic）rebellious 反叛的，叛逆的unsociable 不爱交际的（反义为sociable，gregarious）abuse n&v.虐待，滥用：He abused his power while in office.Those captives were physically abused.Child abuse is widespread in this country.alienate vt.疏远：His behavior alienated his friends.desert vt.遗弃：All his friends have deserted him!deserted 为人所弃的abandoned 被抛弃的，自甘堕落的extra-marital affairs 婚外恋vt.忽视ill-treat vt.虐待=maltreatbrutal 残酷的，野蛮的hatred 仇恨hostility 敌意resentment 怨恨wear a long face 拉长着脸turn a deaf ear 充耳不闻（注意turn a blind eye to）：How could you turn a deaf ear to her requests for help?conflict 冲突antagonism 对抗foster vt.培养，心怀（希望）：Concerts foster interest in music. foster a hopecomfort vt.安慰=console =soothe：We did not know how to soothe the bereaved mother. proximity 接近，亲近restful 宁静的goodwill 善意encourage，support，promote，inspire 鼓励，支持，推进五．同智力和教育有关的词汇mental 心智的（名词为mentality）mental growth 智力发展ability of expression 表达能力brightness 聪明，智慧prodigy 天才，神童tactful 机智的clever talented 有才能的：He is a very talented actor. wisdom 智慧，学识：a man of wisdom creative 创造性的：a very creative musician genius 天才instinct 直觉instinctive 本能的：She had an instinctive taste for music.inherence 内在，固有，天性intellect 智力intellectual 需要智力的，智力发达的（作为名词是含义是知识分子）：Chess is a highly intellectual game./ intellectual people注意：intellectual property 指的是知识产权insight 洞察力，见识，深刻的理解：Good teachers have insight into children's emotions.His speech gave us an insight into the problems of education. intelligence 智力，聪明，智能intelligence quotient 智商nature 本性，天性wit 智力，才智，智慧perception 洞察力，感知，理解：My perception of the problem isclumsy 笨拙的，手脚不灵活的：The clumsy boy bumped into the table.absurd=ridiculous 荒谬的：It is absurd to go out in such terrible weather.It's the most ridiculous thing I ever heard in my life.dull 感觉或者理解迟钝的：All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy. 只工作不玩耍,聪明孩子也变傻。

雅思写作词汇和句型雅思写作必备词汇和句型形容词1. 明显的Obvious, apparent, evident, manifest2. 优秀的Excellent, eminent, top, outstanding3. 惊人的Surprising, amazing, extraordinary, miraculous, remarkable 4. 消极的，不良的Bad, detrimental, baneful, undesirable5. 美丽的`Beautiful, attractive, gorgeous, eye-catching6. 贫穷的Poor, needy, impoverished, poverty-stricken7. 有活力的Energetic, dynamic, animated8. 积极的，好的Good, conducive, beneficial, advantageous8. 健康的Healthy, robust, sound, wholesome10. 富裕的Rich, wealthy, affluent, well-to-do, well-off11. 流行的Popular, prevailing, pervasive名词1. 人类Human beings, mankind, human race2. 影响Influence, impact3. 危险Danger, peril, hazard4. 污染Pollution, contamination5. 老人Old people, the old, the elderly, the aged,senior citizens 6. 幸福Happiness, well-being7. 老师Teachers, instructors, educators8. 教育Education, schooling, upbringing9. 青少年Young people, youngsters, youths,adolescents10. 优点Advantage, merits, superiority, virtue11. 责任Responsibility, obligation, duty, liability12. 能力Ability, capacity, power, skill13. 职业Job, career, employment, profession14. 娱乐Enjoyment, pastimes, recreation,entertainment15. 孩子Children, offspring, descendant, kid动词1. 提高，加强Improve, enhance, promote, strengthen,optimize2. 解决Solve, resolve, cope with, deal with3. 拆除Destroy, knock down, eradicate4. 引起Cause, trigger5. 培养Develop, cultivate, foster, nurture6. 激发，鼓励Encourage, motivate, stimulate7. 认为Think, assert, hold, claim, argue8. 完成Complete, fulfill, accomplish, achieve9. 保留Keep, preserve, retain, hole10. 有害于Destroy, impair, undermine, jeopardize11. 减轻Ease, alleviate, relieve, lighten作文必备加分句型：开头Recently the phenomenon has become a heated topic Recently the problem has been brought into focus. Nowadays there is a growing concern overWhat calls for special attention is thatIt is common knowledge thatIt is well-known thatMany nations have been faced with the problem of According to a recent surveyWith the rapid development of结尾From what has been discussed / mentioned above, we may conclude thatTherefore, it is not difficult to draw / come to the conclusion thatAs far as I am concerned, I agree with the latter opinion to some extent.From all the seasons/ consideration above, it is clear/ obvious thatTaking into account all these factors, we may reach the conclusion thatGiven the reasons/consideration I have just outlined/ discussed/ presented, I strongly recommend thatAll in all, what really matters isIt is essential that effective measures be taken toFrom what has been discussed above, we may reasonably draw the conclusion thatAs a result, we should take some effective steps toJudging by the figures/statistics, it is not difficult to see that 表示反驳It is true that, but one vital point is being left out.There is a grain of truth in these statements, but they ignore a more important fact.Some people say, but it does not hold water.Many of us have been under the illusion thatA close examination would reveal how ridiculous the statement is.It makes no sense to argue forToo much stress placed on may lead toSuch a statement mainly rests onthe assumption thatContrary to what is widely accepted, I maintain that表示证明No one can deny the fact thatThe idea is hardly supported by facts.Unfortunately, none of the available date showsRecent studies indicate thatThere is sufficient evidence to show thatAccording to statistics proved by, it can be seen that表示原因A number of factors areaccountable for this situation/ contribute to (lead to)(account for) the phenomenon(problem) The answer to this problem involves many factors.The phenomenon mainly stems from the fact thatThe factors that contribute tothis situation includeThe change in largely results from the fact thatPart of the explanations for itis thatOne of the most common factors(causes) is thatAnother contributing factor(cause) isPerhaps the primary factor is thatBut the fundamental cause is that【雅思写作必备词汇和句型】。

雅思写作话题分类词汇教育与学业考试频率：★★★★★Education and study 教育与学业1、Teaching methods 教学方法 7、Generation gap 代沟2、Educational facilities 教育设施8、Adolescents’/Teenagers’problems 青少年问题3、Academic subjects 学校科目9、Studying abroad 留学话题4、Computer and learning(teaching) 电脑与学习（教学）10、Taking a part-time job 兼职工作5、Personal development 个人发展11、Parents’/Teachers’responsibilities 父母/教师责任6、Physical and mental growth 身心成长12、Functions/tuition of university 大学功能/学费真题重现In schools and universities, some girls tend to choose arts subjects, while boys choose to study science subjects. What are the reasons? Do you think this trend should be changed?Some people think that the main purpose of school is to turn children as a good citizens and workers, rather to benefit them as individuals. To what extent do you agree or disagree?分类词汇加油站1. scope of knowledge 知识面2.lighten the burden of 减轻了…的负担prehensive knowledge 广博的知识4.long-distance education 远程教育5.enrich the teaching method 丰富教育手段6.teaching\pedagogical methodology 教学方法7.schooling 学校教育parenting、upbringing 家庭教育8.impart\inculcate knowledge 传授知识9.multi-media teaching 多媒体教学10.vocational education 职业教育11.down-to-earth, practical 切合实际的12.enlightening 予以人启迪的13.perplexing 令人困惑的14.the cultural diversity 文化的多元性15.insightful 富有洞察力的,有深刻见解的16.undertake the due obligations 承担责任17.exam-oriented education 应试教育18.develop our creative mind 培养我们创造性思维19.widen one’s knowledge 拓展知识面20.realize the value of life 实现生命价值21.grasp good communication skills 掌握良好交流技能22.cultivate a strong sense of responsibility 培养了强烈的责任感23.cultivate logical thinking 培养逻辑思维24.rote learning、learn things by rote 死记硬背25.cultivate，foster，nurture 培养26.promote the student’s physical, mental \intellectual and emotional development 促进学生身心发展27.psychological soundness\well-being 心理健康28.aptitude，talent 学习能力（先天）29.ability，skill 学习能力（后天）30.tap one’s potential 挖掘某人的潜能31.go astray 误入歧途;indiscipline 、misbehavior 、mischief 不遵守纪律;disruptive students 、unruly students 违反纪律的学生;commit crimes 犯罪32.theoretical knowledge 理论知识;practical knowledge 实践知识33.university education 大学教育;vocational education职业教育;primary-level education 小学教育;secondary-level education 中学教育34 youngsters、adolescents 青少年35.develop linguistic skills 培养语言技能prehensive knowledge 全面的知识37.face-to-face communication 面对面交流38.stimulate one’s interest 激发了…的兴趣39.increase efficiency 提高效率40.enrich the teaching and learning methods 丰富了教学手段41.be fully aware of…充分意识到…科学与技术考试频率：★★★★★Science and Technology 科学与技术1、Technological 科技产品7、Medical advancement 医学进步2、Information technology 信息与技术8、Technology VS. arts 科技与艺术3、Discoveries and inventions 发现与创造 9、Animal experiments 动物实验4、Science VS. culture 科学与文化10、Space research 太空研究5、High-tech entertainment 高科技娱乐11、Extending human life 延长寿命6、Producing contaminants/resources 制造污染/资源12、Genetically modified food 转基因食品真题重现With computer technology becoming cheaper and more accessible, more adults work from home and more children study from home. Do you think it is a positive or negative development?In today's world of advanced science and technology, we still greatly value our artists such as musicians, painters and writers. What can arts tell us about life that science and technology cannot?分类词汇加油站1.exert a far-reaching impact on 产生一种深远的影响2.cutting-edge technology 尖端科技3 information explosion\overload 信息爆炸4 depletion of resources 能源消耗5.sophisticated equipment 尖端设备6.technical innovation 科技创新7.enhance\augment\boost the efficiency 提高效率8.the proliferation of Internet 互联网的广泛使用9.technological innovations 科技创新及发展bor-saving 省力的labor-replacing 代替人力的11.biotechnology 生物技术12.a fatal breakdown 致命故障13.potential hazards 潜在危险14.pose a threat to…对…有一种威胁15.promote relative industries 促进相关产业发展16.accelerate 加速…17.transportation tools 交通工具18.environmentally-friendly resources 环保的能源19alternative fuel 可替代燃料20.sustainable development 可持续性发展21.scientific exploration 科学探索22.substitute 取代23.overcome difficulties 克服困难24.unprecedented 前所未有的25.see dramatic breakthroughs 取得突破性进展26.aggravate 使恶化27.levy the tax 征税28.be viewed as …被视为是…29.be concerned about …对…担忧/关注…30.pollution-free fuel 无污染燃料31.luxury 奢侈品32.chronic lead poisoning 慢性铅中毒y more emphasis on…把重心放在…34.settle down effective laws 制定出积极有效的法律35.Impose restrictions on …对…实施限制36.short-sighted 目光短浅的37.non-renewable resources 不可再生资源38.telecommunications 远程通信39.a pillar industry 支柱产业40.make full use of …充分利用41.speed limits 限速42.enhance the quality of life 提高生活质量43.pay a heavy price 付出惨痛的代价44.call for …需要…45.overcrowded 过度拥挤的46.headache 令人头痛的事47.traffic accidents 交通事故48.head-way 进展49.conflict with …与…相冲突50.major cause 主要原因传媒与网络考试频率：★★★★Media and the Internet 传媒与网络1、TV and learning 电视与学习7、Internet shopping 网络购物2、Computer games 电脑游戏8、Computer illiteracy 电脑文盲3、Online communication 网络交际9、Media and consumption 传媒与消费4、Computers VS. teachers 电脑与老师10、Children and advertising 儿童与广告5、Nature of journalism 新闻本质11、Global VS. local 全球与本地6、Media and crime 传媒与犯罪12、Virtuality and isolation 虚拟与孤独真题重现We are surrounded by all kinds of advertising, which significantly influence our lives. Do the positive effects of advertising outweigh its negative effects?Some think that computer games are dangerous for children in every way; others think that computer games help children’s development. Discuss both views and give your opinion分类词汇加油站1. paparazzi 狗仔队27. sitcom 情景喜剧2. mass media 大众媒体28. soap opera 肥皂剧3. entertainment 娱乐29. affair 绯闻4. journalism 新闻业30. celebrity 名人5. the latest news 最新消息31. rise to fame 声名鹊起6. exclusive news 独家新闻32. invade one's privacy 侵扰了…的隐私7.endanger social stability and safety 危害社会稳33. misleading 误导性的定和安全34. cheating 欺骗性的8. news agency 新闻社 35. popularity 知名度9. news block-out 新闻封锁36. scandal 丑闻10. news censorship 新闻审查37. sensational 轰动的11. freedom of the press 新闻自由38. prevalent 普遍的、流行的12. coverage 新闻报道39. imperative 重要的、必要的13. do reportage on …报导…40. audience ratings 收视率14. hit the headlines 上头条 41. propaganda 宣传15. issue 出版、发行42. be abducted by 受…诱导16. newsstand 报摊43. purify one's soul 净化心灵17. free-lancer writer 自由撰稿人44. live in virtual would 生活在一个虚拟世界中18. chief editor 总编45. be a great comfort to somebody 对…来说是19. editorial 社论一个巨大安慰20. newsworthy 值得报道的46. meet different tastes 满足不同口味21. barometer 晴雨表47. follow the fashion blindly 盲目追逐时尚22. the barometer of public opinion 舆论晴雨表48. be inconceivable to somebody 对来说是难以23. live broadcast 直播想象的24. quiz show 智力竞争节目49. impressive 给人印象深刻的25. right to know 知情权50. in the disguise of …打着…的幌子26. variety show 综合节目国家与政府考试频率：★★★★Nation and government 国家与政府1、Government’s responsibility 政府职责7、Funding arts 资助艺术2、Educational policy 教育政策8、Healthcare system 医疗福利体系3、Assisting poor countries 帮助贫困国家9、Housing shortage 住房问题4、Measuring a country’s success 成功国家标准10、Legal system 司法体系5、Financially-aiding sports 体育投资 11、Space research 太空研究6、Developing public transport 发展公共交通12、Military defense 军事防御真题重现Some people think that government should only spend money on the construction of public services rather than waste on the arts such as music and painting. To what extent do you agree or disagree?The number of people who watch foreign films is much more than people who watch local films, describ the reasons and should the government provide financial support to the local film industries分类词汇加油站1.unemployment；joblessness 失业2.infrastructure 基础设施3.social security 社会保障4.medical care system 医疗保健5.public transportation 公共交通6.public service 公共服务7.essential sectors 关键行业8.non-essential sectors 非紧要行业9.private sector 私人企业10.general interest 公众利益11.welfare 福利12.financial assistance 经济援助13.shake off\get rid of poverty 摆脱贫穷14.authorities 当局15.citizens; the citizenry 老百姓16.regulate;administe;oversee 规范，管理17.implement 实施18.legislate; make laws 立法19.strictly prohibit; ban altogether 严禁20.stringent laws/legislation 严格的法律21.scrutiny (n.); scrutinize (v.) monitor (v.) 监督22.allocate money to sth;be a patron of; invest in; fund; dedicate money to sth.为……拨款23.budget (n.) 预算24.tax revenue 税收25.the government spending/expenditure on sth.政府开支26.curtail 削减27.augment 增加28.give priority to sth.把当作当务之急29.responsibility; obligation 责任30.arms race 军备竞赛31.self-defense 自卫32.national security; homeland security 国土安全33.short-sighted policy 缺乏远见的政策34.expansion (n.) aggression (n.)扩张35.seek\pursue hegemony 谋求霸权36.a vicious circle 恶性循环37.destabilizing factors 地区不稳定因素38.rules and regulations 规章制度39.space race 太空竞赛40.arms (n.) weapons (n.) armaments (n.) 武器id-off workers; downsized workers 下岗工人42.power grid 电网43.democratic 民主的democracy 民主44.民主与开明的政府a democratic and progressive government生活与城市考试频率：★★★Life and city 生活与城市1、Life-altering inventions 发明改变生活7、Keeping pets in cities 城市养宠物2、Police and guns 警察佩戴枪支8、Lifestyle decisions 生活方式3、Relocation of enterprises 企业搬迁9、Money VS. happiness 金钱与幸福4、Housing problems 住房问题10、Teenagers VS. adults 青少年与成年人5、Protecting people’s privacy 保护隐私11、Fast-paced modern life 现代快节奏生活6、Popularity of fast foods 快餐现象12、City plan 城市布局真题重现Some people think that a police force carrying guns can educate higher level of volience.to what extent do you agree or disagree？In many cities, planners have separated schools, homes, shops, offices in specific areas which were widely separated from each other. Do you think advantages of this policy overweigh disadvantages to the city residents?分类词汇加油站1.urbanization 城市化2.centralization 集中化3.imbalance 不平衡4.in the long run 从长远角度而言5.infrastructure 基础设施6.booming 繁荣发展的7.tertiary industry 第三产业9.revenue 税收mercialization 商业化11.traffic congestion 交通拥挤12.water scarcity 水短缺13.the environmental pollution 环境污染14.over-industrialization 过度工业化15.over-crowdedness 过度拥挤16.unemployment 失业17.wealth distribution 财富分配18.social instability 社会动荡19.urban construction 城市建设20.population explosion 人口激增21.a rising crime rate 犯罪率上升22.drain of energy and resources 能源和资源消耗23.offer more job opportunities 提供更多的就业机会24.a rapid pace of life 快节奏生活25.stress-related illnesses 与压力有关的疾病26.high cost of living 高额生活费用27.pastoral life 田园生活28.class polarization 阶级两极分化29.social welfare 社会福利30.give special care to …给予…特殊关照31.urban sprawl 城市扩张32.convenient transportation means 便捷的交通工具33.better medical services 更好的医疗服务34.pressure of modern life in city 城市生活压力35.be vulnerable to …易于患上…36.melting pot 熔炉37.on the brink of …处于…边缘38.pollutant 污染性物质39.waste disposal 废物处理40.put the blame on …归咎于…41.be attributable to …归因为…42.ways of consumption 消费方式43.suffer heavy losses 遭受重大损失44.citizen 居民45.be confronted with…面临着…46.breed crimes 滋生犯罪47.vicious cycle 恶性循环48.a feasible measure 一种可行的措施49.give priority to …优先考虑…50.city planners 城市规划工作与职业考试频率：★★★Career and occupation 工作与职业1、Interpersonal skills 人际交流技能7、Changing jobs/careers 跳槽与工作改变2、Stress management 减压8、Part-time positions 兼职工作3、Safty and health hazards 安全及健康危害9、Graduate unemployment 毕业生失业4、Telecommuting 远程办公10、Work vs. family 工作与家庭5、Women at workplace 女性参加工作11、Qualification vs. experience 资历与经验6、Job satisfaction 工作的满意度12、Working in rural areas 去乡村工作真题重现Some people think that people working at home can benefit the employees a lot, not the employers. To what extent do you agree or disagree？Nowadays, many people change their jobs frequently, some believe it is good for their development while others hold different opinions. What is your opinion?分类词汇加油站1.the tempo\pace of life has increased 生活节奏加速2.social settings 社会环境3.religious belief 宗教信仰cational level 教育程度5.a sense of belonging 归属感6.sedentary lifestyle 缺少运动的生活方式7.live a high-pressured and fast-paced lifestyle 高压力和快节奏的生活方式8.nurture a good state of mind 养成良好的心态9.block out worries 争取减少忧虑10.balance work and family 平衡工作和生活11.a means of self-expression 自我表达的一种方式12.follow blindly 盲目追求13.root in daily life 源于生活14.over nourishment 营养过剩15.create alienation between people 人与人之间疏远16.money-worshiping、mercenary、materialistic 过于功利的17.pursue maximum profit 追求最大限度利润18.poverty alleviation 扶贫19.job opportunity、employment opportunity 就业机会20.promotion opportunity 提升机会21.switching jobs、job-hopping 换工作\跳槽22.acquire a wide array of skills 发展多种技能ck of self-motivation 缺乏动力24.directionless\aimless 没有目标25.egoism 利己主义\altruism 利他主义26.soothe the soul 平缓情绪27.utilised as a form of propaganda 用做一种宣传手段28.enrich cultural life 丰富文化生活29.enhance the quality of life 提高生活质量30.conform the existing rules 墨守成规31.satisfied with material comforts 满足于物质32.spiritual needs 精神享受33.achieve a balance between work and pleasure 劳逸结合34.time-conscious people 时间观念很强的人35.impoverished、destitute、indigent 贫穷的36.affluent、wealthy、well-off 富裕的37.urban 城市的rural 乡村的38.urbanization 城市化39.the disparity between the city and the countryside城乡差距40.relocate 搬迁41.telecommute 在家上班42.leisure、recreation、entertainment 休闲、娱乐issez-faire management 宽松的管理44.operating costs、overhead costs 运营成本bor pool 劳动力资源46.depression 抑郁症/insomnia 失眠症47.population explosion 人口爆炸48.gender equality 两性平等49.gender discrimination、sexism 性别歧视50.child bearing 生育孩子/child rearing 抚养孩子51.elderly people、senior citizens 老年人52.family bonds\ties 家庭成员间的情感纽带语言与文化考试频率：★★Language and culture 语言与文化1、Language and age 语言与年龄7、Tourism and culture 旅游与文化2、Learning a foreign language 学习外语8、Pressing local culture 保护本地文化3、International language 国际语言9、Traditional architecture 传统建筑4、Dominance of English 英语的主导地位10、Cultural facilities 文化设施5、Assisting artists 资助艺术11、Culture vs business 文化与贸易6、Cultural gap 文化差距12、Working overseas 海外工作真题重现Some people think that international tourism has brought great benefit to the world’s economy, some others hold that it ruin the culture and the ecosystem. Discuss both and give your opinion.In some cities, the old buildings are replaced by many modern buildings. Some people think it brings more disadvantages. Do you agree or disagree?分类词汇加油站1.tourist attractions 、tourist spots、places of interest旅游景点2.maitain、protect、preserve(v.)保护3.forefathers、ancestors 祖先4.descendants 后代5.ethnic minorities 少数民族6.the harmony between ethnic groups/races 民族团结7.cultural diversity 文化融合8.interaction 互相影响9.cultural diversity 文化多元性10.insular/provincial/parochial mentality 狭隘的观念11.deprecate/denigrate/minimize the importance of 贬低12. push back/expand one’s vision/ horizons 开阔眼界13.promote cultural communication 促进文化交流14.draw/attract/appeal to/ be a magnet for sb.吸引15.first-hand experience 亲身体验second-hand experience/vicarious experience 间接体验16.multi-sensory 多种感官体验的17.conflict 冲突18.discord/dissension 争端19.isolate the tourist from the locals 把游客和当地人隔离mercialize 商业化21.cultural heritage 文化遗产22.the Internet will not render tourism obsoletes 互联网不会让旅游业过时环境与生态考试频率：★★★★Environment and ecology 环境与生态1、Environmental pollution 环境污染 7、Awareness raising 环保意识提高2、Ecotourism 生态旅游8、Transport and environment 交通与环境3、Curbing car-using 限制汽车使用9、International cooperation 国际合作（环境）4、Endangered species 濒临灭绝物种10、Sustainable development 可持续发展5、Throw-away society 浪费型社会11、Agriculture and ecology 农业与生态6、Environmental improvement 环境改善12、Biodiversity 生物多样性真题重现Many people hold that only international cooperation can solve the environmental problems, single person or country can not deal with such big problem. To what extent do you agree or disagree?Some people think it is not necessary to invest money on protecting the wild animals. Do you agree or disagree?分类词汇加油站1.ecosystem\ecological system 生态系统2.cological balance\equilibrium 生态平衡3.sustainable development 可持续发展4.biodiversity 生物的多样性5.environmentalists\conservationists 环保主义者animal right activists 动物权益保护主义者6.environmentally-friendly（adj.）对环境无害的7.conservation 节约8.recycle\reuse (v.) 再利用10.benefit from 从中受益11.enhance\elevate\raise the public awareness of …增强公众的……意识12.put forward valuable suggestions 提出宝贵建议13.shortage\scarcity\dearth\lack（n.）短缺14.participate in the reconstruction of the city 参与城市重建15.raise the environmental management level 提高环境管理水平16.create a pleasant ecological environment 创造出一种和谐的生态环境17.give priority to 优先关注18.catch much attention 引起很大关注19.deforestation (n.)砍伐森林20.greenhouse effect、global warming 温室效应21.discharge effluent\sewage 排放污水22.non-biodegradable garbage、inorganic trash 白色污染产生的垃圾/bio-degradable plastic bags 可降解一次性塑料袋23.afford their masters consolation and comfort 给主人心理安慰24.infertile soil 贫瘠的土壤25.fertile soil 肥沃的土壤26.arable land 、farmland 耕地27.pollute\contaminate (v.) 污染28.poisonous\toxic (adj.) 有毒的29.consume\deplete(v.)消耗(某种资源) e up\exhaust （v.）用尽(某种资源) 31.harsh measures\actions 严厉措施32.condemn rather than condone sth.谴责而不是纵容bat desertification 防治荒漠化34.curb environmental pollution; bring the pollution under control 治理环境污染35.industrial solid wastes 工业固体废物anic pollutions 有机污染物37.environment-friendly agriculture; eco-agriculture 生态农业38.water resource conservation zone 水资源保护区39.establish nature reserve 建立自然保护区40.endangered wildlife 濒危野生动物41.medical research 医学研究42.cruel\merciless\inhuman\callous\brutal 残忍的43.vivisection 活体解剖44.ease\alleviate\relieve animals’pain 减轻动物的痛苦个人与社会考试频率：★★★Individual and society 个人与社会1、Personal health 个人健康7、Stressful life 压力生活2、Age of machine 机器时代8、Healthcare and education 医疗与教育3、Social responsibility 社会责任9、Environmental responsibility 环保责任4、Money and happiness 金钱与幸福10、Disasters and violence 灾难与暴力5、Saving for retirement 养老储蓄11、Housing problems 住房问题6、Team activities 团队活动12、Law and order 法律与秩序真题重现Many people are busy with work and have less time to spend with families and friends. Why doesthis happen? What are the effects of this on family life and society as a whole?Some people say that it is the responsibility of individuals to save money for their own care after they retire. Do you agree or disagree?分类词汇加油站1.urbanization 城市化2.centralization 集中化3.imbalance 不平衡4.in the long run 从长远角度而言5.infrastructure 基础设施6.booming 繁荣发展的7.tertiary industry 第三产业9.revenue 税收mercialization 商业化11.traffic congestion 交通拥挤12.water scarcity 水短缺13.the environmental pollution 环境污染14.over-industrialization 过度工业化15.over-crowdedness 过度拥挤16.unemployment 失业17.wealth distribution 财富分配18.social instability 社会动荡19.urban construction 城市建设20.population explosion 人口激增21.a rising crime rate 犯罪率上升22.drain of energy and resources 能源和资源消耗23.offer more job opportunities 提供更多的就业机会24.a rapid pace of life 快节奏生活25.stress-related illnesses 与压力有关的疾病26.high cost of living 高额生活费用27.pastoral life 田园生活28.class polarization 阶级两极分化29.social welfare 社会福利30.give special care to …给予…特殊关照31.urban sprawl 城市扩张32.convenient transportation means 便捷的交通工具33.better medical services 更好的医疗服务34.pressure of modern life in city 城市生活压力35.be vulnerable to …易于患上…36.melting pot 熔炉37.on the brink of …处于…边缘38.pollutant 污染性物质39.waste disposal 废物处理40.put the blame on …归咎于…41.be attributable to …归因为…42.ways of consumption 消费方式43.suffer heavy losses 遭受重大损失44.citizen 居民45.be confronted with…面临着…46.breed crimes 滋生犯罪47.vicious cycle 恶性循环48.a feasible measure 一种可行的措施49.give priority to …优先考虑…50.city planners 城市规划能源与交通考试频率：★★★Energy and Transportation 能源与交通1、Public transport expansion 发展公共交通7、Food export 食品出口2、Increasing private cars 私家车增多8、Space travelling 太空旅游3、Traffic congestion 交通拥堵9、Producing pollution 制造污染4、Road security 道路安全10、Cheap flight 低价飞行5、Water scarcity 水源短缺 11、Resource consumption 能源消耗6、Overuse of fuel 燃料过度使用12、International tourism 国际旅游真题重现In some countries, air travel has become a much cheaper form of transport than in the past. Is this a positive or negative trend?The number of cars in many large cities is increasing significantly nowadays. What are the problems it may bring? How to solve this problem?分类词汇加油站1.perfect the construction of urban infrastructure 完善城市基础设施建设2.implement strict vehicle emission standards 制定严格的汽车排放标准3.reduce waste 减少浪费4.eliminate poverty and backwardness 消除贫穷落后5.prevent and control pollution 预防和控制污染6.reinforce the conservation of water and soil 加强水土保护7.keep ecological balance 维护生态平衡8.adopt environmental protection technique 环保技术9.strengthen the regulation and monitoring 加强监督和管理10.enhance the governmental intrusion 加大政府干预性措施11.promote legislative regulations 促进立法管理12.establish and perfect the social security system 建立和完善社会的安全体系13.impose some restrictions on 对…实施限制14.arouse people’s awareness of 唤醒人们的…意识15.take some preventive (remedial) measures 采取一些预防（补救）措施16.enforce on-the-spot penalties 采取立即惩罚性措施17.take proper guidance and support 恰当引导和支持18.impose heavier penalty on 对…实施严格的惩罚19.set down effective laws 制定积极有效的法律20.urban planning 城市规划21.break the ecological balance 破坏了生态的平衡22.contaminate the environment 污染环境23.promote the sustainable development of the city 促进城市的可持续性发展24.greenhouse effect 温室效应25.strengthen pollution control 加强污染控制26.popularize environmental protection knowledge 普及环保知识27.burning 迫在眉睫的28.environmental degradation 环境恶化29.at the cost of environment 以环境污染为代价30.uncontrolled urbanization 城市化失控31.motor vehicle exhaust、car emission 汽车尾气排放32.exhaust purifier 尾气净化器33.urban refuse 城市垃圾34.protect …from overexploitation 防止过度开发35.conservation of water and soil 水土保持36.lead-free gasoline 无铅汽油37.gas-fueled vehicles 天然气汽车38.cell-driven vehicles; battery cars 电动汽车39.slow down the rate of resource degradation 降低资源消耗率40.develop renewable resources 开发可再生资源29.renewable resources 可再生资源30.non-renewable resources 不可再生资源人口与经济考试频率：★★★Population and economy 人口与经济1、Overpopulation 人口爆炸7、Feminism 女权主义2、Population ageing 人口老龄化8、Industrial locations 工业选址3、Governmental pension 政府养老9、Global trade 国际贸易4、Juvenile delinquency 青少年犯罪10、Economic gaps 经济差距5、Crimes 犯罪11、Youth unemployment 年轻人失业6、Agricultural development 农业发展12、Consumption patterns 消费方式真题重现In some countries, governments are encouraging industries and businesses to move out of large cities into regional areas. Do you think the advantages of this development outweigh its disadvantages?The proportion of older people in many countries is steadily increasing. Does this trend have more positive or negative effects on the society?分类词汇加油站1.saving 储蓄2.investment 投资3.expenditure 支出花费4.capital 资本资金资产5.currency 通货通用市价7.demand 需求、需求量8.supply 补给、供给、供应品9.purchase 购买10.inflation 通货膨胀11.monetary 货币的金钱的12.consume 消费消耗13.distribution 分配、分发、配给物14.taxation 课税、征税、税收、税款、估定的税额15.externality 外部因素16.trademark 商标copyright 版权著作权17.restrict freedom 限制自由18.invade privacy 侵犯隐私19.depression 萧条不景气20.discount 折扣21.financial 财政的金融的mit a crime 犯罪23.break\violate\flout\disobey the law 触犯法律24.offence、crimes、criminal acts 罪行25.criminal、offenders、culprit、perpetrator 罪犯26accomplice、accessory 从犯27.resent society、hold a grudge against society 憎恨社会28.trauma 心理创伤29.prison 监狱30.imprison\incarcerate someone 监禁31.victims 受害者32.be brought to justice 被绳之以法33.reform\rehabilitate criminals 改造罪犯w enforcement agencies 执法部门35.heinous\flagitious crime、felony 重罪36.petty crime 轻罪37.first-time offenders 初犯者38.hardened offenders 惯犯39.revert to crime 再次犯罪40. hunt down、capture 抓捕41.abide by the law 、comply with the law 遵守法律w-abiding citizens 守法公民43.boost the sense of safety 增强安全意识44.reinforce the police force and increase patrol 增强警力和巡逻45.miscarriges of justice 执法不公46.deterrent effect 震慑作用47.being closely monitored 受到严格监控48.fear of reprisal 担心报复的心理49.alert people to the risk of being victimized by crime提高人们对于犯罪的警惕。

雅思写作必备话题词汇200个1、parenting n.家长给小孩的教育2、schooling n.学校对学生的教育3、cultivate v.培养4、awareness n.意识，觉悟5、creative adj.有创造力的6、physical adj.身体的7、mental adj.精神的8、contribute to推动，对……有帮助9、motivation n.动机10、adapt to适应11、afford v.提供，负担得起12、p rent adj.普遍的，流行的13、subjective adj.主观的14、objective adj.客观的15、celebrity n.名人16、journalist n.记者17、the press n.新闻界18、misleading adj.误导的19、dependable adj.可靠的20、reveal v.揭露21、latest adj.最近的22、transform v.改变23、breakthrough n.突破24、advance v.促进，发展25、enhance v.提高，增强26、innovation n.创新27、priority n.首要任务28、stability n.稳定29、establish v.建立30、solve v.解决31、ease v.减轻，缓解32、invest v.投资33、forbid v.禁止34、administrate v.管理35、implement v.实施36、tax revenue n.税收37、broaden one’s horizons开阔眼界38、conflict n.矛盾，冲突39、explore v.探索40、promote v.促进41、tourist attraction旅游景点42、local resident当地居民。