职称英语新增文章B级：TheRomanceofArthur

职称英语考试真题理工类B级阅读理解（文字版）Can you hear This ?When something creates a sound wave in a room or an auditorium (礼堂)，listeners hear the sound wave directly from the source. They also hear the reflections as the sound bounces off the walls , floor ,and ceiling . These are called the reflected wave or reverberant (反射的) sound , which can be heard even after the sound is no longer coming from the source .The reverberation time of an auditorium is determined by the volume or interior size of the auditorium .It is also determined by how well or how poorly the walls , ceiling, floor , and contents of the room (including the people ) absorb sound. There is no ideal reverberation time .The full-sound performance of music such as Wagner operas or Mahler symphonies should have a long reverberation time . The light ,rapid musical passages of Bach or Mozart need a reverberation time somewhere between .Acoustic problems often are caused by poor auditorium design .Smooth , curved (弯曲的)reflecting surfaces create large reflections . Parallel (平行的)walls reflect sound back and forth, creating a rapid ,repetitive pulsing(有节奏的跳动)effect. Large pillars (柱)and corners can cause acoustic shadows as the sound waves try to pass around the object . Some of these problems can be solved by using absorbers and relectors to change the reverberation time of a room .For example , hanging large reflectors , called clouds , over the performers will allow some sound frequencies to reflect and others to pass yo achieve a pleasing mixture of sound.1.This Passage is mainly aboutA sound waves and their acoustic effect .B the types of music orchestras playC walls of an auditoriumD the design of an auditorium2.Wagner operas and Mahler symphonies sound fuller in an auditorium with~ 2 / 3 ~A a short reverberation timeB a long reverberation timeC an intermediate reverberation timeD no reverberation time3.This passage suggests that a good auditorium shouldA achieve a pleasing mixture of soundB get rid of all reflectionsC not have absorbers.D have smooth surfacesrge pillars and corners mayA make sound rich and fullB be cures for sound problemsC be sources of sound problemsD function as well as clouds5.The word “acoustic “in the last paragraph has something to do withA performanceB MusicC soundD noiseSmart WindowWindows not only let light in to cut down an electricity use for lighting，but the light coming through the window also provides heat.However，windows are notsomething people typically associate with being a cutting edge1 technology.Researchers are now working on new technologies that enable a window to quickly change from clear to dark and anywhere in between with a flip of a switch2.“It took us a long time to figure out what a window really is,” says Claes Granqvist.He’s a professor of solid-state physics at Uppsala University in Sweden3.“It’s contact with the outside world.You have to have visual contact with the surrounding world to feel well.” So，windows and natural light are important for improving the way people feel when they’re stuck indoors.Yet，windows are the weak link in a building when it comes to energy and temperature control.In the winter，cold air leaks in.When it’s hot and sunny，sunlight streams in.All of this sunlight carries lots of heat and energy.And all of this extra heat forces people to turn ontheir air conditioners.Producing blasts of cold air，which can feel so refreshing，actually suck up enormous amounts of electricity in buildings around the world.Windows have been a major focus of energy research for a long time. Over the years，scientists have come up with a variety of strategies for coating，glazing，and layering windows to make them more energy efficient.Smart windows go a step further.They use chromogenic technologies which involve changes of color.Electrochromic windows use electricity to change color.For example，a sheet of glass coated with thin layers of chemical compound such as tungsten oxide works a bit like a battery.Tungsten oxide is clear when an electric charge is applied and dark when the charge is removed，that is，when the amount of voltage is decreased，the window darkens until it’s completely dark after all electricity is taken away.So applying a voltage determines whether the window looks clear or dark.One important feature that makes a smart window so smart is that it has a sort of “memory.” All it takes is a small jolt of voltage to turn the window from one state to the other.Then，it stays that way.Transitions take anywhere from 10 seconds to a few minutes，depending on the size of the window.The development of smart windows could mean that massive air conditioning systems may no longer need.“In the future,” Granqvist says,“our buildings may look different.”练习：1. Which of the following statements does not indicate the importance of windows as described in the first two paragraphs?A Windows can change from clear to dark to save energy.B Windows help to save energy by letting light in.C Windows help to save energy by providing heat.D Windows enable people to have contact with the outside world.2. When are windows the weak link in a building?A In the cold winter.B In the hot summer.C When air conditioners are turned on.D Both A and B.3. What are smart windows，according to Paragraph 4?A Windows that are coated.B Windows that are glazed.C Windows the color of which can be changed.D Windows that have many layers.4. To make electrochromic windows change color，what is applied to the windowglass?A Electricity.B Tungsten oxide.C A battery.D A voltage.5. What will he the benefit if the research on smart windows turns out to be successful，according to the last paragraph?A The buildings will look different.B Windows can be as large as you want.C We may not need air conditioners any more.D They are less expensive than traditional windows.词汇：flip n.比喻意为“最先进的，科技含量的”。

一．中古英语时期♦Beowulf is the oldest poem in the English language, and the most important specimen (范例、典范)of Anglo-Saxon literature, and also the oldest surviving epic in the English language.♦The romance is a popular literary form in the medieval period（中世纪）. It uses verse or prose to sing knightly adventures or other heroic deeds.♦Geoffrey Chaucer, one of the greatest English poets, whose masterpiece, The Canterbury Tales（《坎特伯雷故事集》）,was one of the most important influences on the development of English literature.♦Chaucer is considered as the father of English poetry and the founder of English realism.二．文艺复兴Renaissance♦Renaissance refers to the period between the 14th and mid-17th centuries. It marks a transition(过渡) from the medieval to the modern world.♦It started in Italy with the flowering of painting, sculpture（雕塑）and literature, and then spread to the rest of Europe.♦Humanism is the essence of Renaissance -----Man is the measure of all things. ♦This was England’s Golden Age in literature. Queen Elizabeth reigned over the country in this period. The real mainstream of the English Renaissance is the Elizabethan drama. The most famous dramatists in the Renaissance England are Christopher Marlowe and William Shakespeare.♦The greatest of the pioneers of English drama was Christopher Marlowe.♦Francis Bacon was the best known essayist of this period. “Of Studies”is themost popular of Bacon’s 58 essays.♦Thomas More ——Utopia♦Edmund Spenser——The Faerie Queene相关练习♦ 1. Which is the oldest poem in the English language?♦ A. Utopia B. Faerie Queene♦ C. Beowulf D. Hamlet♦ 2. _____ is the father of English poetry.♦ A. Edmund Spenser B. William Shakespeare♦ C. Francis Bacon D. Geoffrey Chaucer♦ 3. ____ is not a playwright during the Renaissance period on England.♦ A. William Shakespeare B. Geoffrey Chaucer♦ C. Christopher Marlowe D. Ben Johnson三．莎士比亚William Shakespeare♦“All the world 's a stage, and all the men and women merely players.”——William Shakespeare♦William Shakespeare is considered the greatest playwright in the world and the finest poet who has written in the English language. Shakespeare understood people more than any other writers. He could create characters that have meaning beyond the time and place of his plays. His four tragedies are Hamlet(《哈姆雷特》), Othello(《奥赛罗》), King Lear(《李尔王》) and Macbeth(《麦克白》).♦Shakespeare’s sonnets, 154 in number, are the only direct expression of the poet’s own feelings; Sonnet 18 deserves its fame because it is one of the mostbeautifully written verses in the English language♦诗选♦Sonnet 18♦Shall I compare thee to a Summer’s day?♦Thou art more lovely and more temperate.♦Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May,♦And Summer’s lease hath all too short a date.♦（我怎能将你与夏日相比? /你比它更温和可爱：/动人的花蕾在五月咆哮的风中颤抖，/夏日的美好时光也绝不长久：）♦Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines,♦And often is his gold complexion dimm’d;♦And every fair from fair sometime declines,♦By chance, or nature’s changing course, untrimm’d;♦（太阳的金色光芒虽然耀眼，/却常常以灰暗的面貌出现；/再美貌的物什都逃不过凋谢，/命运流转或无意间将其拆解；）♦But thy eternal Summer shall not fade,♦Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow’st♦Nor shall Death brag thou wander’st in his shade,♦When in eternal line to time thou grow’st.♦So long as men can breath or eyes can see,♦So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.♦（可你如夏日般不会褪色, /你的美貌也将永存; /死神无法夸耀你曾在它的阴影中游荡, /伴随永恒的诗篇你将留存。

第二十九篇：I'll Be BachComposer David Cope is the inventor of a computer program that writes original works of classical music. It took Cope 30 years to develop the software. Now most people can't tell the difference between music by the famous German composer J. S. Bach (1685-1750) and the Bach-like compositions from Cope's computer.It all started in 1980 in the United States, when Cope was trying to write an opera. He was having trouble thinking of new melodies, so he wrote a computer program to create the melodies. At first this music was not easy to listen to. What did Cope do? He began to rethink how human beings compose music. He realized that composers' brains work like big databases. First, they take in all the music that they have ever heard. Then they take out the music that they dislike. Finally, they make new music from what is left. According to Cope, only the great composers are able to create the database accurately, remember it, and form new musical patterns from it.Cope built a huge database of existing music. He began with hundreds of works by Bach. The software analyzed the data: it broke it down into smaller pieces and looked for patterns. It then combined the pieces into new patterns; Before long,the program could compose short Bach-like works. They weren't good, but it was a start.Cope knew he had more work todo-he had a whole opera to write. He continued to improve the software. Soon it could analyze more. complex music. He also added many other composers, including his own work, to the database.,A few years later, Cope's computer program, called "Emmy", was ready to help him with his opera. The process required a lot of collaboration between the composer and Emmy. Cope listened to the computer's musical ideas and used the ones that he liked. With Emmy, the opera took only two weeks to finish. It was called Cradle Falling, and it was a great success! Cope received some of the best reviews of his career, but no one knew exactly how he had composed the work.Since that first opera, Emmy has written thousands of compositions. Cope still gives Emmy feedback on what he likes and doesn't like of her music ,but she is doing most of the hard work of composing these days!注释：1．J．S．Bach：约翰•塞巴斯蒂安•巴赫(德语：Johann Sebastian Bach，1685年3月31日--1750年7月28日)，巴洛克时期的德国作曲家，杰出的管风琴、小提琴、大键琴演奏家，同作曲家亨德尔和泰勒曼齐名。

The Romance of Arthur亚瑟的传奇Most cultures have some sort of hero who represents the best values of what its people believe in. 很多文化都有某类能代表他们民族深信的价值观的英雄。

The unusual thing about King Arthur is that legends of his heroism have persisted for several centuries and spread far beyond England, the place where they began. 有关亚瑟王的不同寻常的事情就是他的英雄主义传奇已经持续了几个世纪，并且影响力早已超越它所诞生的英国。

The earliest stories of King Arthur represent him as a warrior who fought and subdued the invading Norsemen in the years around A. D. 700. 在有关亚瑟王早期的故事中，他是一个战士，他在公元约700年抗击、震慑入侵的北欧人。

This much of the Arthurian tale is probably based on fact. 许多这类亚瑟王的故事大概是基于事实。

Whether called Arthur or not, there is a body of evidence supporting the existence of such a warrior. 无论是否叫作亚瑟，大量证据证明是有这样一个战士存在的。

It is the later embellishments of the tale whose authenticity is questionable. 后来这些故事被美化修饰，使得它们的真实性受到质疑。

职称英语真题之综合类B级阅读理解3第三篇Centers of the Great European CitiesThe centers of the great cities of Europe are meeting places by tradition．People gather there to drink coffee and chat late into the night．A mixture of locals and tourists make for an exciting，metropolitan(大都市的)atmosphere．Squares，plazas(广场)and arcades(拱廊)form the heart of Europe’s cities．Venice、in Italy has the Piazza San Marco—a beautiful square surrounded by shops，churches，restaurants and cafes。

In Barcelona，Spain，La Becquerel is a lively market with hundreds of stalls selling all kinds of goods．London’S Covent Garden is filled with fruit and vegetable stalls by day and musicians，acrobats(杂技演员)and artists by night．The government buildings at the center of many cities often are architecturally impressive In London，they serve as a beautiful backdrop(背景)to the coffee tables that line the streets and the banks of the Thames．These vibrant(有活力的)hearts are the product of centuries of evolution，social historian Joel Garreau told US News and World Report recently．”The reason people think Venice is SO great today is you don’t see all the mistakes，”said Girardeau．”Those have all been removed．”Most European cities were laid out before the invention of the car. SO bars，restaurants and cafes were near to people’S homes．Today，the focus of many Europeans’life has moved away from the centers．They live in the suburbs and outskirts. driving to supermarkets to get their supplies．But on a continent where people treasure convention，there are still those who hold onto traditional ways，living and shopping locally．These people，together with tourists，provide the city centers with their reason for existence．Coffee culture plays a part in keeping these city centers flourishing. This isparticularly true of Paris whose citizens are famous enthusiastic conversationalists．This skill is developed over many hours spent chatting over espressos(浓咖啡)and cigarettes．Religion also plays a role in developing sociable atmosphere．People in Roman Catholic countries used to visit the Church on an almost daily basis．Entire communities would gather in the same building and then move out to the markets．cafes and bars in the surrounding streets．An enormous example of this relationship between church and society is the Cuomo．The huge marble cathedral in Florence，Italy is surrounded by bakeries and coffee shops，and caters(迎合)not only to the tourist crowds，but also the local community.41. It can be inferred from the first paragraph that each big city in EuropeA. has many large squares.B. has many very magnificent sky-scrapers.C. draws tourists in large numbers every year.D. has a center where tourists meet their spouses.42. Which statement is NOT true of Covent Garden?A.It is crowded with people.B.It is located in London.C.It is filled with stalls.考试大论坛D.It is surrounded by shops, churches, restaurants and cafes43. Why do people think that Venice is so great?A. Because it is a famous tourist attraction.B. Because you can reach anywhere by boat.C. Because it is well-known for its merchants.D. Because all the mistakes have been removed44.What are Parisians famous for?A.Their pursuit of independence.来源：B.Their enthusiasm for conversation.C.Their ability to keep the city flourishing.D.Their devotion to developing a multiple culture.45.The writer cites the Cuomo in the last paragraph as an example to illustrate thatA. there is a tight link between church and society.B. all churches are magnificent.C. old churches are very popular.D. high-rise churches are impressive.。

考研英语阅读高分必背60篇第51期:难以置信的浪漫本店铺导读：不管你信不信，有的时候，缘，真是妙不可言！一对夫妻发现，他们并不是长大之后才相识，夫妻俩其实小时候就已经在迪斯尼乐园擦身而过了。

一张老照片记录下了这个奇妙的瞬间。

Incredible Romance难以置信的浪漫Romance: the couple had found their no intention group photo of childhood.夫妻俩发现他们在童年时就曾在无意间擦肩而过。

Alex and Donna Voutsinas are like many couples; they met at work, fell in love and got engaged.唐娜和亚历克斯和其他普通的夫妻没有什么区别，他们在工作中认识，然后相爱，订婚。

Days before their wedding, the couple was looking at old family photos when Donna came across a picture of herself as a child on vacation at Disney and showed it to her fiancé.就在他们举行婚礼的前些天，夫妻俩翻出了家里的老照片一起欣赏。

唐娜无意中发现了自己小时候在迪斯尼度假的时候的一张照片，她拿给她的未婚夫看。

Alex recognized the man in the background because it was his father, who was pushing a stroller during their own family trip to Disney.亚历克斯突然发现，就在唐娜一家和迪斯尼里的史米先生合影的时候，后面站着的人居然是他的父亲，他当时推着一辆婴儿车，带全家到迪斯尼来旅游。

职称英语综合类B级阅读理解考题和答案下笔者英语类考试频道为网友整理职称英语考试，供大家参考学习。

Storms Sink ShipsRescuers have found the bodies of over 130 people killed in two ferry disasters in Bangladesh.The accidents happened during a storm that hit the country on April 21.Hundreds more are missing or feared dead.The two ferries sank in different rivers near the capital city of Dhaka as strong winds and rain hit the South Asian country.The government has since banned a11 ferries and other boats from travelling at night during theApril-May stormy season.One of the ferries, MV Mitali，was carrying far more people than it was supposed to.About 400 passengers fitted into a space made for just 300，police said The second ferry carried about 100 passengers.“The number of deaths is certain to rise,”said an official in charge of the rescue work.”No one really knows how many people were on board the ferry or how many of them survived.”Ferries in Bangladesh don’t always keep passenger lists，making it difficult to determine the exact number of people on board.Besides the ferry accidents，at least 40 people were killed and 400 injured by lightning strikes, falling houses and trees and the sinking of small boats.Storms are common this time of year in Bangladesh, as are boating accidents.Ferry disasters take away hundreds of lives every year in a nation of 130 million people.Officials blame these river accidents on a lack of safety measures, too many passengers in boats and not enough checks on weather conditions.Ferries are a common means of transport in Bangladesh.It is a country covered by about 230 rivers.Some 20,000 ferries use the nation’s waterways(水路)every year.And many of them are dangerously overcrowded(过度拥挤).Since1977, more than 3,000 people have died in some 260 boating accidents.31 How many people have been found dead in the two ferry disasters?A More than 130.B Over 3,000.C About400.D At least 40.32 The two ferry disasters occurredA at noon.B in the morning.C at night.D in the afternoon.33 How many passengers was MV Mitali designed to carry?A 440.B 100.C 400.D 300.34 Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a cause of the boating accidents?A Strong winds.B Bad weather conditions.C Blockage of waterways.D Lack of safety measures.35 Which of the following statements is NOT true of the two ferry disasters?A They traveled during the April-May stormy season.B They sank on April 21.C The exact number of deaths could be easily determined.D They sank somewhere near Dhaka.答案：31 A 32C 33 D 34 C 35 C。

2015年职称英语教材新增文章综合B阅读理解第二十四篇The Romance of ArthurMost cultures have some sort of hero whorepresents the best values of what its people believe in. The unusual thingabout King Arthur is that legends of his heroism have persisted for severalcenturies and spread far beyond England, the place where they began.The earliest stories of King Arthur represent himas a warrior who fought and subdued the invading Norsemen in the years aroundA. D. 700. This much of the Arthurian tale is probably based on fact. Whethercalled Arthur or not, there is a body of evidence supporting the existence ofsuch a warrior. It is the later embellishments of the tale whose authenticityis questionable. According to these, Arthur was born in a castle in Tintagel onthe stormy western coast of England and because he was the illegitimate son ofKing Uther Pendragon, he was spirited away by the magician Merlin and his trueidentity kept from him. He became king after freeing the sword Excalibur fromthe stone into which it was thrust. He married the beautiful Guinevere andassembled in his court all the noblest knights of the land, including Lancelot,with whom Guinevere would later be unfaithful to him. He was finally defeatedin battle by his illegitimate son Mordred, and his body was spirited away tothe isle of A Valon.This romantic tale greatly appealed to the Englishand the French in the Middle Ages, when the code of chivalry-ideal qualities ofknighthood-constituted an important part of many stories. Tales of the heroismof Galahad, Percival, Gawain, and many other of Arthur's knights werecirculated as well.In England today, there are many sites claiming apiece of the Arthurian an legend. There is a mined castle at Tintagel. NearGlastonbury are the remains of an ancient abbey where Arthur’s and Guinevere'sbodieswere supposedly exhumed in the 12th century. Neither of these provesthat the legend is true, but they do keep its mystique alive.词汇：Arthurn.亚瑟（中世纪传奇故事中的不列颠国王，圆桌骑士团的首领）authenticityn.可靠性，真实性spiritv.偷偷地带走；拐走；绑架warriorn. 战士，勇士chivalryn. 骑士subduev. 制服，慑服embellishmentn. 美化，修饰mystiquen. 神秘气氛注释：1. This much of theArthurian tale……：许多这类亚瑟王的故事2. ...was spirited awayby ……被偷偷地带走……亚瑟的传奇很多文化都有某类能代表他们民族深信的价值观的英雄。

-----------------------上---------------------装-------------------订-------------------------线---------------------咸阳师范学院2010—2011 学年度第 2 学期《 英国文学 》课程试题（ A 卷 ）课程代码 02000014 任课教师 史元辉 石军辉 李大艳 适用专业 英语 层次 本科 年级 08级 班级 学号 姓名 考试日期 试场------------------------下---------------------装-------------------订-------------------------线--------------------特别提示：考试作弊者，不授予学士学位，情节严重者开除学籍；严禁携带手机及其他通讯工具进入考场。

-----------------------上---------------------装-------------------订-------------------------线---------------------咸阳师范学院2010—2011 学年度第 2 学期《 英国文学 》课程试题（ A 卷 ）课程代码 02000014 任课教师 史元辉 石军辉 李大艳 适用专业 英语 层次 本科 年级 08级 班级 学号 姓名 考试日期 试场------------------------下---------------------装-------------------订-------------------------线--------------------特别提示：考试作弊者，不授予学士学位，情节严重者开除学籍；严禁携带手机及其他通讯工具进入考场。

-----------------------上---------------------装-------------------订-------------------------线---------------------咸阳师范学院2010—2011 学年度第 2 学期《 英国文学 》课程试题（ A 卷 ）课程代码 02000014 任课教师 史元辉 石军辉 李大艳 适用专业 英语 层次 本科 年级 08级 班级 学号 姓名 考试日期 试场------------------------下---------------------装-------------------订-------------------------线--------------------特别提示：考试作弊者，不授予学士学位，情节严重者开除学籍；严禁携带手机及其他通讯工具进入考场。

2012年职称英语综合类新增文章—阅读理解1.第一篇：Telling Tales about People讲述关于人们的故事2.第八篇：The Changing Middle Class变化中的中产阶级3.第十篇：A Letter from Alan艾伦的来信4.第十一篇：The Development of Ballet芭蕾舞的发展5.第十六篇：The Sahara 撒哈拉沙漠6.*第十七篇：Eiffel Is an Eyeful（2011年教材中为C级文章）引人注目的埃菲尔铁塔7.*第十八篇：Goal of American Education（2011年教材中为C级文章）美国教育的目标8.*第十九篇：The Family家庭9.*第二十篇：Tales of the Terrible Past讲述可怕的过去10.*第二十一篇：Spacing in Animals（2011年教材中为C级文章）动物的空间距离11.*第二十二篇：Some Things We Know about Language（2011年教材中为C级文章）我们知道的关于语言的一些事情12.*第二十三篇：The Only Way Is Up（2011年教材中为C级文章）只好向上13.*第二十四篇：Clone Farm（2011年教材中为C级文章）克隆农场14.*第二十五篇：Income（2011年教材中为C级文章）收入15.*第二十六篇：Seeing the World Centuries Ago看许久以前的世界16.*第二十七篇：Importance of Services（2011年教材中为C级文章）服务业的重要性17.*第二十八篇：The National Park Service（2011年教材中为C级文章）国家公园的服务机构18.*第二十九篇：Find Yourself Packing It On? Blame Friends（2011年教材中为C级文章）发现自己变胖了？这得责怪朋友们19.*第三十篇："Lucky" Lord Lucan - Alive or Dead“幸运的”鲁肯伯爵一是死是活20.*第三十三篇：Oseola McCarty老妇人Oseola McCarty21.+第三十四篇：To Have and Have Not逃亡22.+第三十五篇：Going Her Own Way选择她自己的路23.+第三十六篇：A Tale of Scottish Rural Life（2011年教材中为B级文章）一个关于苏格兰乡村生活的故事24.+第三十七篇：Pop Music in Africa非洲的流行音乐25.+第三十八篇：Why So Many Children为什么有这么多的孩子26.+第三十九篇：Eat to Live（2011年教材中为B级文章）为了活着吃饭27.+第四十篇：Narrow Escape（2011年教材中为B级文章）美国疾病预防新政策28.+第四十七篇：Narrow Escape九死一生第一篇Telling Tales about PeopleOne of the most common types of nonfiction, and one that many people enjoy reading, is stories about people's lives. These stories fall into three general categories: autobiography, memoir, and biography.An autobiography is the story of a person's life written by himself or herself. Often it begins with the person's earliest recollections and ends in the present. Autobiography writers may not be entirely objective in the way they present themselves. However, they offer the reader a good look at the way they are and what makes them that way. People as diverse as Benjarmin Franklin and Helen Keller have written autobiographies. 1Other writers, such as James Joyce，have written thinly fictionalized accounts of their lives. These are not autobiographies，but they are very close to it.Memoirs, strictly speaking, are autobiographical accounts that focus as much on the events of the times as on the life of the author. 2Memoir writers typically use these events as backdrops for their lives. They describe them in detail and discuss their importance. Recently，though，the term memoir seems to be becoming interchangeab1e with autobiography. A memoir nowadays may or may not deal with the outside world.Biographies are factual accounts of someone else's life. In many senses，these may be the hardest of the three types to write. Autobiography writers know the events they write about because they lived them. But biography writers have to gather information from as many different sources as possible. Then they have to decide which facts to include. Their goal is to present a balanced picture of a person，not one that is overly positive or too critical. A fair well-presented biography may take years to research and write.词汇：backdrop /'b k,dr?p/ n. 背景interchangeable /int? 't?end??bl/ adj. 可转换的注释：1. People as diverse as Benjamin Franklin and Helen Keller have written autobiographies. 就像本杰明富兰克林和海伦凯勒一样，各种各样的人们已经写了自传。

学派网2015年职称英语直播课主讲人：王霞2015年职称英语教材分析会1.2015年职称英语变化情况介绍2.2015年职称英语考试出题趋势预测2015年职称英语综合教材变化情况删除内容新增内容综合C 阅读判断第三篇：TV Game Shows第三篇：Across the Desert阅读理解第六篇“TV Shows and LongBus Trips第六篇：Native American Pottery 补全短文第三篇：Are Online FriendsReal Friends?第三篇：The Value of Tears综合B 阅读理解第二十四篇：Clone Farm第二十四篇：The Romance ofArthur补全短文第九篇Heat Is Killer第九篇：Style, Not Fashion综合A补全短文第十二篇：Obesity CausesGlobal Warming第十二篇：Men Smell of Cheeseand Women of onions删除内容新增内容综合C阅读判断第三篇：TV Game Shows第三篇：Across the Desert阅读理解第六篇“TV Shows and Long Bus Trips第六篇：Native American Pottery 补全短文第三篇：Are Online Friends RealFriends?第三篇：The Value of Tears (Native American pottery)2. The second paragraph inthis passage is developedmainly through ____?Acrossthedesert•热点话题/主题陈旧•考点沿袭往年风格NativeAmericanPottery•综合类热点话题(文化)/主题陈旧•出现新考点(e.g. 文章/段落写作结构等)Thevalue oftears•综合类热点话题（健康）Do you have a sense of humor?(2014/C)I know how you feel? (2010/A)•考点沿袭往年风格(The value of tears)A. It may explain why people areafraid to cry often suffer moreheart attacks than people whocry more freely.删除内容新增内容综合B 阅读理解第二十四篇：Clone Farm第二十四篇：The Romance of Arthur 补全短文第九篇Heat Is Killer第九篇：Style, Not Fashion(The Romance of Arthur)3. The information in thesecond paragraph is mostlypresented in ___. (Orderfrom earliest to latest)(Style, Not fashion)2. …. Style is, for starters, one partidentity: self-awareness and self-knowledge. ____ (2).D. You can’t have style until you havea sense of who you are.TheRomanceof Arthur•热点话题/主题陈旧•出现新考点(e.g. 文章/段落写作结构等)•综合类热点话题(社会与文化)•英文常见写作特点(e.g. 概念词+ 解释) Style,NotFashion删除内容新增内容综合A补全短文第十二篇：Obesity Causes GlobalWarming (2014/A级完形填空)第十二篇：Men Smell ofCheese and Women of onions(Men smell of cheese and women of onions)5. Some researchers are skeptical thatgender is the main decidingfactor,…__(5).F. “Other factors include what you eat,what you wash with, what you wear and ….”One…another…Some…others/other…One/a/an… others/other…now…in the past Men smell ofCheese andwomen ofonions•综合类热点话题(健康)•考点沿袭往年风格(e.g. 上下文之间的特殊逻辑关系)2015年职称英语理工教材变化情况删除内容新增内容理工C 阅读理解第九篇：Egypt Felledby Famine第九篇：An EssentialScientific Process补全短文第五篇：The Magic ofSound第五篇：A Record-Breaking Rover理工B 阅读理解第二十二篇：Snowflakes第二十二篇：Real-WorldRobots补全短文第九篇：Heat Is Killer第九篇：LighteningStrikes理工A补全短文第十三篇：SleepingGiant第十三篇：AffectionateAndroids(An essential scientific process)4. This passage is primarily developed by ___.A. Explaining a process(A Record-breaking Rover)During its mission, Opportunity has captured, and sent back to Earth, some 187,000panoramic and microscopic images of Mars with its camera. ___ (4).A. It has also provided scientists with data on the planet’s atmosphere, soil, rocks and…删除内容新增内容理工C阅读理解第九篇：Egypt Felled by Famine 第九篇：An Essential ScientificProcess 补全短文第五篇：The Magic of Sound (2014/理工C 试题)第五篇：A Record-BreakingRoverAnessential scientific process•理工热点话题/主题陈旧•出现新考点(e.g. 文章/段落写作结构等)•理工热点话题•考点沿袭往年风格(e.g. 上下文之间的特殊逻辑关系)Arecord-breaking rover(2008年理工A 试题)1. The writer begins the passage by comparing ___.(√)2. The word "humanoid" in Paragraph 1 means(√)3. According to the first and second paragraphs, artificial intelligence is___.(√)4. The last paragraph suggests that future robots will___.(√)5. Another good title for this passage would be ___. (√)删除内容新增内容理工B阅读理解第二十二篇：Snowflakes第二十二篇：Real-World Robots (2008年理工A 阅读理解试题)补全短文第九篇：Heat Is Killer第九篇：Lightening Strikes (×lightening strikes)Real-world Robots•理工热点话题/主题陈旧•往年试题•理工热点话题•考点沿袭往年风格(e.g. 上下文之间的特殊逻辑关系)Lightning strikes(Lightning strikes)4….Since that time, she has been a strictly fair weather golfer. ____(4)B. In fact, a golf course is (to be ) one of the most dangerous places (to be ) during a thunderstorm .(Affectionate Androids)B. But a sophisticated robot will probably be even more attractive.D. However , few owners willprogram their robots to point out their flaws.删除内容新增内容理工A 补全短文第十三篇：Sleeping Giant 第十三篇：Affectionate AndroidsAffectionate Androids•理工热点话题•考点沿袭往年风格(e.g. 上下文之间的特殊逻辑关系)2015年职称英语卫生教材变化情况删除内容新增内容卫生A 阅读理解第十二篇：First Self-containedHeart Implanted第十二篇：Inquest Told ofHospital Error补全短文第十二篇More Efforts Urgedto Empower Women at AIDSConference第十二篇：The EnemyWithin卫生B补全短文第七篇Reinventing the Table 第七篇：Power Napping is Good for the I.Q.卫生C 阅读理解第五篇：U.S. Eats Too MuchSalt (2010年卫生C阅读理解试题)第五篇：Tracking DownHIV补全短文第二篇Bedwetting (2014年卫生C完形填空试题)第二篇：The HopeChildren’s Hospice(Inquest told of hospital error)7. Mr. Newbold’s family’s lawyerwas not qualified.C: Not mentioned题干设置特点：“部分信息不相关”Inquest toldof hospitalerror•热点新话题(医患纠纷)•考点沿袭往年风格•热点新话题(过敏症)•考点沿袭往年风格(e.g. 上下文之间的特殊逻辑关系)删除内容新增内容卫生A 阅读理解第十二篇：First Self-containedHeart Implanted(2014年卫生A阅读理解试题)第十二篇：Inquest Told ofHospital Error补全短文第十二篇More Efforts Urgedto Empower Women at AIDSConference第十二篇：The EnemyWithinThe EnemyWithin(The enemy within)B. In other words our immunesystems have become over-sensitive. (概括总结句)(Power napping is good for the I.Q.)F. That’s why , without enough sleep, a normally intelligent person may start to have difficulty doing daily tasks.删除内容新增内容卫生B 补全短文第七篇Reinventing the Table第七篇：Power Napping is Good for the I.Q.PoweringNapping is good for the I.Q.•热点话题•考点沿袭往年风职称英语等级考试情况介绍词汇选项阅读判断概括大意与完成句子阅读理解补全短文完形填空15分7分8分45分10分15分基础重点答题技巧通过考试2015年职称英语考试出题趋势预测1.2015年职称英语考试出题特点很可能基本与2014年出题特点一致,试题难度基本相当(文章主题难度, 考点设置难度, 考查内容);2.教材中仍可能会有30分左右的送分题: 1篇阅读理解+ 1篇完形填空;3.词汇选项部分仍然会有8-12分左右的题可以通过翻查带有近义词注释的词典直接找到答案;如何顺利通过职称英语考试?1.把握教材中的复习重点(阅读理解+ 完形填空=30分)2.答好送分题(词汇选项：10-12分)3.答好来自书外的阅读理解(争取拿到15分以上)4.用好答题技巧, 在小分值题上多拿分(阅读判断：2-4分；概括大意与完成句子：3-5分；补全短文：4-6分)预祝顺利通过2015年职称英语等级考试^_^。

职称英语等级综合类(B级)试题考试试题、答案及题解5第二篇Dancing in the StreetsIf there is one thing certain to get Brazilians on their feet，it is the Rio Carnival(狂欢节)．Held in Rio de Janeiro．the country’s biggest city．the carnival began on February 20 when the mayor gave key of the city to Rei Momo—the Lord of Misrule(无序之皇)On his orders，each year people turn the city into a paradise of dance and music．The following six days are so fun of parades，street dancing，fantastic clothes and partying(聚会)that many people forget about eating and sleeping“It was the passion of the carnival that attracted me to Brazil and made me settle down in Rio．”said Bob Nadkarni．a British man who has lived in the city for several years For many Brazilians．the centrepiece of the carnival is samba(桑巴舞)，a typical Brazilian dance．Every year,tens of thousands of visitors and locals show off their passion and energy iu the streets．following the beat(节拍)of the Latin music．The climax to this street party is the float(彩车)parade，in which floats decorated with tons of fresh flowers by various samba schools and local communities move through the city．On the top of each float stands the candidate for the Drum Queen，who is chosen at the end of the party．while most people are free to enjoy the celebrations。

最新职称英语理工B部分阅读真题含答案阅读理解：Hurricane KatrinaA hurricane is a fiercely powerful, rotating form of tropical storm that can be 124 to 1,240 miles in diameter. The term hurricane is derived from Hurican, the name of a native American storm god. Hurricanes are typical of a calm central region of low pressure between 12 to 60 miles in diameter, known as the eye. They occur in tropical regions. Over its lifetime, one of these storms can release as much energy as 10,000 nuclear bombs.The seed for hurricane formation5 is a cluster of thunderstorms over warm tropical waters. Hurricanes can only form and be fed when the sea-surface temperature exceeds 27℃and the surrounding atmosphere is calm. These requirements are met between June and November in the northern hemisphere.Under these conditions, large quantities of water evaporate and condense into clouds and rain - releasing heat in the process. It is this heat energy, combined with the rotation of the Earth, that drives a hurricane.When the warm column of air from the sea surface first begins to rise, it causes an area of low pressure. This in turn creates wind as air is drawn into the area. This spinning wind drags up more moisture-laden air from the sea surface in a process that swells the storm. Cold air falls back to the ocean surface through the eye and on the outside of the storm.Initially, when wind speeds reach 23 miles per hour, these mild, wet and grey weather systems are known as depressions. Hurricane Katrina formed in this way over the south-eastern Bahamas on 23 August 2005. Katrina has had a devastating impact on the Gulf Coast of the US, leaving a disaster zone of 90,000 square miles in its wake - almost the size of the UK. Thousands have been killed or injured and more than half a million people have been displaced in a humanitarian crisis of a scale not seen in the US since the great depression. The cost of thedamage may top $100 billion.。

xx年职称英语《理工B》真题及答案下文是的xx年《理工B》真题及答案，提供应大家参考。

1.【题干】The revelation of his past led to his resignation.【选项】A.imaginationB.disclosureC.confirmationD.recall【答案】B【解析】【考点】2.【题干】Jensen is dangerous man, and can be very brutal.【选项】A.carelessB.cruelC.strongD.hard【答案】B【解析】【考点】3.【题干】You'll have to sprint if you want to catch the train.【选项】A.jumpB.escapeC.runD.prepare【答案】C【解析】【考点】4.【题干】We are worried about this fluid situation full with uncertainty.【选项】A.changebleB.stableC.suitableD.adaptable【答案】A【解析】【考点】5.【题干】The new garment fits her perfectly.【选项】A.haircutB.purseC.clothesD.necklace【答案】C【解析】【考点】6.【题干】The phobia may have its root in a childhood trauma.【选项】A.fearB.joyC.hurtD.memory【答案】C【解析】【考点】7.【题干】They have built canals to irrigate the desert.【选项】A.decorateB.waterC.changeD.visit【答案】B【解析】【考点】8.【题干】Her overall language proficiency remains that of a toddler.【选项】A.disabledB.pupilC.teenagerD.baby【答案】D【解析】【考点】9.【题干】The coastal area has very mild winter, but the central plains remain extremely cold.【选项】A.warmB.severeC.hardD.dry【答案】A【解析】【考点】10.【题干】The details of the costume were totally authentic.【选项】A.realB.outstandingC.creativeD.false【答案】A【解析】【考点】11.【题干】We are aware of the potential problems.【选项】A.globalB.possibleC.ongoingD.central【答案】B【解析】【考点】12.【题干】The idea was quite brilliant.【选项】A.positiveB.cleverC.keyD.original【答案】B【解析】【考点】13.【题干】Stock market price tumbled after rumor of a rise in interest rate.【选项】A.regulatedB.increasedC.maintainedD.fell【答案】D【解析】【考点】14.【题干】The course gives you basic instruction in car maintenance.【选项】A.coachingB.ideaC.termD.aspect【答案】A【解析】【考点】15.【题干】All houses within 100 meters of the seas are at risk of flooding.【选项】A.in dangerB.out of controlC.between equalsD.in particular【答案】A【解析】【考点】二、阅读判断The Theory of EveryoneIf Stephen Hawking lives until the year xx, he will have lived more than 50 years longer than his doctors expected. When he was a college student, doctors discovered that he had a rare disease. This disease causes a gradual disintegration(分解)of the nerve cells in the brain cells that regulate voluntary muscle activity. Death almost always ours within two or three years.Today Stephen Hawking cannot walk or speak. He cannot move his arms or his head. He cannot taste or smell anything. And yet this man is Professor of Mathematics at Cambridge University, a position held by the famous scientist Isaac Newton in 1669.Hawking is often described as the greatest scientist since Albert Einstein, but to the world outside science, he is also known as the man who made scientific theory understandable. His book, A Brief History of Time, has sold over eight million copies.。

2019年职称英语综合类C级阅读理解新增文章（8）Tales of the Terrible PastIt is not the job of fiction writers to analyze and interpret history. Yet by writing about the past in a vivid and compelling manner，storytellers can bring earlier eras to life and force readers to consider them seriously. Amongthose taking on the task of recounting history are some black writers who attempt to examine slavery from different pointsof view.Nobel Prize-winning author Toni Morrison dealsspecifically with the legacy of slavery in her book Beloved. The main character in this novel，a former slave called Sethe，lives in Ohio in the years following the Civil War，but she cannot free herself from her horrific memories. Through a series of flashbacks and bitter reminiscences，the reader learns how and why Sethe escaped from the plantation she had lived on; the fate of her husband，who also tried to escape; and finally，what happened to the child called Beloved. Morrison’s scenes of torture and murder are vivid andstrongly convey the desperation of the slaves and the cruelty of their owners.Ch arles Johnson’s Middle Passage approaches slavery from a different，yet no less violent，vantage point. His main character，Rutherfprd Calhoun，is a ne’er-do-well free black American who stows away on a slave ship bound for Africa to collect its "cargo". Put to work after he is discovered，Calhoun witnesses firsthand the appalling conditions in which the captured Africans are transported. When they finallyrebel and take over the ship，he finds himself in the middle —— and is forced to come to terms with who he is and what his values are.Neither Beloved nor Middle Passage is an easy read，but both exemplify African American writers’ attempts to bring significant historical situations alive for a modem audience.词汇：interpret v. 解释，翻译desperation n. 绝望的境地recount v. 叙述capture v. 俘获slavery n. 奴隶制度注释：1. Yet by writing about the past in a vivid and compelling manner，storytellers can bring earlier eras tolife and force readers to consider them seriously. 不过通过用一种生动有趣的方式来描写过去，小说家能够将早期时代重现，并引起读者的重视。