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名校版高考英语语法复习专题定语从句一、单句语法填空高考真题回顾1．Now Irene Astbury works from 9 a.m.to 5 p.m.daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield, ________ she opened with her late husband Les.(2019年全国卷Ⅱ)2．They were well trained by their masters ________ had great experience with caring for these animals.(2019年全国卷Ⅲ)3．Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 ________ showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all causes.(2018年全国卷Ⅰ)4．The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005 —when the government started a soil－testing program ____________ gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers —and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons.(2018年全国卷Ⅱ)【答案】1．which 2．who/that 3．which/that4．which/that二、单句语法填空高考模拟题回顾1．In the past few years，more than half of the bookstores in China have closed down，________ is the result of the competition with online bookstores.(2021年淄博实验中学月考)2．For instance，in Lima，the capital of Peru，there are more than 50 Chinese medicine clinics，about 70 percent of ________ were set up by local doctors.(2021年山东泰安摸底)3．This was returned because the person to ________ this letter was addressed had died three years ago.(2021年浙江名校协作体联考)4．The 55－km Hong Kong－Zhuhai－Macao Bridge，________ was opened on Oct.24,2018，connects Guangdong Province with China’s two special administrative regions，Hong Kong and Macao.(2021年宁波十校联考)5．Our office wasn’t far from Chinatown，________ I found some very good Chinese restaurants.(2021年镇海中学模拟)6．As more and more people own private cars，parking has become a big headache for many car owners，especially forthose ________ live in downtown areas without enough parking spaces.(2021年东营胜利一中模拟)7．The video，________ length was just 7 seconds，has been viewed more than 19 million times in just two days.(2021年海南文昌中学模拟)8．He decided to go to Stanford because there were many opportunities for people ________ wanted to work in Silicon Valley.(2021年浙江衢州模拟)9．His interest started a few years ago，________ he was in college and studying wildlife science.(2021年山东烟台模拟)10．He wrote a letter ________ he explained what had happened in the accident.(2021年河北衡水中学模拟)11．There are many good websites ________ you can check out the latest in the science world.(2021年河北五个一名校联盟第二次模拟)12．After living in Australia for many years，Louise finally returned to the country ________ she was born.(2020年温州十校联合体联考)13．The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005 —when the government started a soil－testing program __________ gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers —and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons.14．In their class there are altogether 54 students，half of ________ wear glasses.(2020年山西四校联考)15．He wrote many children’s books，nearly half of ________ were published in the 1990s.(2021年浙江宁波四校联考)16．We expect you to become someone of ________ we’ll feel very proud in the future.(2021年沧州二模)17．My parents are the most important for me，without ________ support，I wouldn’t have reached that far.(2021年浙江宁波模拟)18．As the dark horse，China’s football team swept into the quarter－finals ________ it lost to host country Australia.(2021年南京、盐城模拟)19．Mensa is a society for bright people，and it aims to create a platform ________ many think can provide the chance to share their thoughts and ideas.(2021年浙江名校协作体联考)20．My grandpa，________ is often the case with old people，is fond of talking about the good old days.(2021年金华模拟)【答案】1．which 2．which 3．whom 4．which5．where 6．who 7．whose 8．who/that 9．when10．where 11．where 12．where 13．which/that14．whom 15．which 16．whom 17．whose18．where 19．which/that 20．as三、语法填空(2021年山东潍坊联考) Agricultural experts say crop diversity is important to feed the 1．________(increase) population of our planet.They say having a large variety of plants also 2．________ (help) to protect against possible crop diseases and future crises.But many experts say the number has decreased sharply during the past century.One of the world’s 3．________ (large) seed conservation projects has predicted further losses.The Millennium Seed Bank Partnership is warning that up to one hundred thousand plant species could 4．________ (permanent) disappear.The richcollection of genes 5．________ decide their qualities would disappear with them.Many experts blame climate change and loss of habitat，normal growth area，for damaging plant life.They sayhuman 6．________ (activity) and poorly planned，overly heavy use of land also are responsible.Modern business farming is responsible 7．________ loss of farmers’traditional crop varieties.The “Green Revolution”of the twentieth century changed agriculture.Some experts say the use of modern commercial farming methods saved millions of peoplefrom 8．________ (starve)．Farmers planted，watered，and fertilized their crops with the help of machines.They treated their fields with chemicals 9．________ (control) diseases and insects.Harvests grew larger and higher quality，10．________ another result was that some traditional crops were lost.Damage to the environment over the past century makes people believe that crop diversity also suffered.【答案】1．increasing 2．helps 3．largest4．permanently 5．that/which 6．activities7．for 8．starvation 9．to control 10．but[2022浙江五湖联盟高三期末卷]Huge areas of the Amazon, which serve as the lungs of the planet by taking in carbon dioxide and producing oxygen, are burning. Smoke from the widespread fires has turned day into night in Sao Paulo. The fires have covered the Brazilian city of San Paulo in dark smoke, and raising concerns that the rainforest, which is one of the most biologically diverse regions on earth.The recent Amazon fires have been widespread and some happened rather suddenly. Farmers cleared land for agriculture and also burned areas of rainforest for further development. Cleared rainforests in this region are typically used for cattle farming and growing soybeans, and much of the landclearing is done illegally. One contributing factor to the fires in the Amazon is the fact that it is the dry season there, the time of year when wildfires tend to break out from human activities, either intentionally or by accident.The Amazon, which spans 2.12 million square miles，sucks up about a quarter of the 2.4 billion metric, 57 tons of carbon that global forests absorb each year. However, the ability of the rainforest to pull in more carbon than it releases is diminishing weakened by changing weather patterns,deforestation and increasing tree mortality (死亡率), among other factors.According to the European Union's Copernicus Climate Change Service, the fires have led to a clear increase in carbon monoxideemissions as well as planetwarming carbon dioxide emissions, posing a threat to human health and aggravating global warming.If the Amazon were to turn into a consistent net source of carbon emissions, it would accelerate global warming while also leading to a huge loss in species that are not found anywhere else on earth.1．What is the second paragraph mainly about?A．The introduction of the Amazon fires.B．The seriousness of the Amazon fires.C．The likely causes of the Amazon fires.D．The influence of the Amazon fires.2．What does the underlined word “diminishing”in Paragraph 3 mean?A．Lowering. B．Decreasing.C．Increasing. D．Enlarging.3．Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a result of the Amazon fires?A．Human health. B．Global warming.C．Deforestation. D．Species loss.4．What can be a suitable title for the passage?A．Amazon: Where have all the trees gone?B．Cutting trees should be prohibited in AmazonC．Why are trees so important in AmazonD．Amazon fires could accelerate global warming and causing lasting harm to usCBCD。
高考英语语法知识一、形容词1.修饰名词，对主语或宾语进行补充说明是形容词的基本作用。
1）修饰主语hard work 繁重的工作 nice picture 好看的照片2）对主语或宾语补充说明就是补语。
形容词是补语的一种。
用作补语的形容词一般位于be 动词或宾语后面。
She is beautiful. 她很漂亮。
The work is very hard. 那个工作很难。
2.become／look／remain等动词后面加形容词也是对主语补充说明。
become, get, grow, go, turn 成为...look, appear, seem 好像...，看起来像...remain, stay 保持...状态与be动词相似，但更强调“维持在什么样的状态”。
They got upset when heir team lost the game.当他们队输了比赛时，他们非常生气。
Receiving the presents, the orphans seemed so happy.那些孤儿们收到了礼物，看起来很高兴。
My mom remained calm even though she was upset.即使我妈妈生气了，她始终保持沉默。
他们是富裕的家庭。
They're a wealthy family.他们很生气。
They were very upset.那是件容易的事。
It’s easy work.她看起来很累。
She looked tired.她保持沉默。
She remained silent.3.记住特殊的形容词1）只作补语的形容词alive 活的alone 独自，孤独asleep 熟睡afraid 害怕的sorry 对不起They were alive. 他们还活着。
2）在名词后修饰的形容词事实上，这种形容词完全是因为名词才特殊。
像something，somebody，someone这样的名词，其后附有-thing，-body，-one之类的后缀，这样的名词要放在形容词前，即形容词在后面修饰这些名词。
高考英语语法复习句法知识讲解一、主谓一致在英文中，谓语的形式要与主语保持一致。
比如，你、我、他是学生，中文“是”字是一样的，只有主语不同。
英文的动词要根据主语不同而改变：I am，you are，he is。
主谓一致有三大原则：语法一致，意义一致，就近一致。
（一）语法一致名词是单数，谓语动词是单数。
不可数名词、集体名词、动词不定式、动名词等，谓语动词也用单数。
Knowledge is power. 知识就是力量。
The team is playing well. 这个团队表现得很好。
To see is to believe. 眼见为实。
Swimming is good exercise. 游泳是一项很好的运动。
记住：绝大多数都用单数，只有明确的复数名词，谓语动词才用复数。
My parents are teachers. 我的父母都是老师。
The shoes are all right. 这些鞋子很合适。
鞋、裤子、眼镜，只能是复数，如果前面加上“一双”“一条”，后面的动词就是单数。
A pair of glasses is very expensive. 一副眼镜很贵。
要想搞清楚谓语用单数还是复数，一定要准确锁定主语。
All except me in my family are going to the park. 很显然，all才是真正的主语，所以是复数。
She as well as the other girls is reading a book. 在这里，She才是真正的主语，所以是单数。
"more than one +名词"作主语时，谓语动词常用单数。
例如：More than one teacher gets the flowers."half of, the rest of, most of, all of, 百分数/分数+of +名词"作主语时，谓语动词形式根据of后的名词而定。
2.(2024课标卷)34. You have to move out of the way the truck cannot get past you.A. soB. orC. andD. but【答案】B【解析】考查并列连词。
上下文存在着逻辑上的条件关系，所以用“or”意为“否则的话”。
句意：你得挪一挪位置，否则卡车过不去。
4.(2024北京卷)21.—Look at those clouds!—Don’t worry. ______ it rains, we’ll still have a great time.A. Even ifB. As thoughC. In caseD. If only【答案】A【解析】考查状语从句。
even if 即便，as though好像，in case 以防，if only要是…...多好啊。
句意：—看看那些云！—不用担忧。
即使下雨，我们也会玩得很快乐的。
5.(2024天津卷)14.Everything was placed exactly ___________he wanted it for the graduation ceremony.A. whileB. whenC. whereD. though【答案】C【解析】考查状语从句。
地点状语从句。
句意：毕业典礼所须要的东西都被放在了他想放的地方了。
7.(2024上海卷)40.The map is one of the best tools a man has _ _ he goes to a new place.A. wheneverB. whateverC. whereverD. however【答案】A【解析】考查状语从句。
从句中有“地点a new place”作宾语，故解除BC选项。
很明显本句是时间状语从句。
句意：一个人无论什么时候到了一个新地方，地图就是他运用的最好的工具之一。
8.(2024重庆卷) 30.—Coach, can I continue with the training?—Sorry, you can’t ______you haven’t recovered from the knee injury.A. untilB. beforeC. asD. unless【答案】C【解析】考查状语从句。
语法复习专题一-—名词一、考点聚焦1。
可数名词单、复数变化形式(1）规则变化.①单数名词词尾直接加—s。
如：boy — boys, pen — pens。
②以s、x 、ch 、sh结尾的单词一般加-es。
如：glass — glasses，box — boxes， watch — watches, brush — brushes.特例：stomach - stomaches.③以“辅音字母 + y"结尾的变“y”为“i"再加“-es”.如:baby - babies， lady - ladies， fly — flies.④以“o"结尾的多数加-es。
如：tomato —tomatoes，potato —potatoes， hero - heroes。
但以两个元音字母结尾的名词和部分外来词中以o 结尾的词只加—s。
如：radio — radios, zoo — zoos， photo - photos，piano - pianos， kilo — kilos， tobacco - tobaccos.⑤以“f”或“fe"结尾的名词复数形式变“f"或“fe”为“v",之后再加-es。
如:wife - wives， life - lives, knife — knives， wolf— wolves， self — selves, leaf - leaves等.特例:handkerchief— handkerchiefs， roof - roofs, chief — chiefs, gulf — gulfs， belief — beliefs, cliff —cliffs。
⑥改变元音字母的.如：man - men, mouse — mice， foot — feet，woman — women, tooth — teeth， goose - geese， ox — oxen.特例：child - children。
Part I---review单项选择：1.Word came_______his poem won the first prize.A.thatB.whetherC. asD. because2.His suggestion________to see the exhibition interested everyone of us.A.that we goB. which we should goC. that we would goD. when we should go3.The reason______he hasn’t come is________he has to look after his father.A.that; becauseB. why; becauseC. why; thatD. which; because4.Along with the letter was her promise______she would join us in the work.A.whichB. whatC. thatD.whether5.The news_________is spreading around the airport is______a heavy storm is coming.A.what; /B. that; thatC. /; thatD. that; which6.They have no idea at all_________.A.Where he has goneB. where did he goC. which place had he goneD. where has he gone7.He told me the news________the Queen would visit China the next month.A.thatB. whichC. whenD. where8.Although most of them have no doubt______he will pass the exam, I still think there is something about_____he has really got everything ready.A.whether; thatB. that; whetherC. that; thatD. whether; whether9.My suggestion_____we________the meeting was agreed with by others.A.that; delayedB. what; delayC. that; delayD. what; delayed10.It’s a common belief__________a thousand miles no longer means much to us today.A.thatB. whatC. whenD. wherePart II---表语从句一、概念：表语从句是在复合句中作表语的名词性从句。
