江苏省南京市英语试卷一

江苏省南京市2023_2024学年高一上学期期末学情调研测试英语试卷第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。

录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节 (共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A 、B 、C 三个选项中选出最佳 选项。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段对话仅读一遍。

例: How much is the shirt?A. £19.15.B. £9.18.C. £9.15.答案是C.1. How will the man travel to Shanghai?A. By car.B. By train.C. By plane.2. What day is it today?A. April Fools’ Day.B. The woman’s birthday.C. Earth Day.3. Where does the conversation probably take place?A. At home.B. Ina car.C. In a hospital.4. What are the speakers mainly talking about?A. An English teacher.B. An American high school.C. A foreign festival.5. How much will the woman pay?A. $4.B. $8.C. $12.第二节 (共15小题; 每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A 、B 、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟; 听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。

中考英语试卷第I卷第一部分阅读技能听力材料一、短对话理解。

(共5 小题，每小题1分，满分5分)1.How long has the boy learned English?A. Three years.B. Five years.C.Seven years.C. On a bus.2. Where are they?3.What did Tom do last Sunday?A. He went to the cinema.B. He went shopping.C. He cleaned the house.4.How does Mark want to go to the zoo?A. By car.B. By subwayC. By bus.5. What does the man mean?A. He'll have a cup of tea.B. He'll make some more coffee.C. He doesn't want any more coffee.二、长对话理解。

(共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分)6.What was Paul very interested in?A.Old paintingsB.Old clocksC.Old stamps.7. What is the speech about?A. Science.B. Health.C. The environment.8.听下面一段对话，回答下面小题。

（1）How will the man go to Moon Cinema?A.By underground.B.By bus.C.On foot.（2）What can the man see on the way to the shopping mall?A.A hospital.B.A school.C.A post office.9. How did the girl go back home?A. On foot.B. By taxi.C. By car.三、短文理解。

2024-2025学年江苏省南京市英语初三上学期期末模拟试卷与参考答案一、听力部分（本大题有20小题，每小题1分，共20分）1、What is the weather like tomorrow?A. SunnyB. RainyC. SnowyD. WindyAnswer: B解析：This question tests the student’s ability to understand prediction in English. The correct answer is B. Rainy. You can find the answer in the weather forecast news.2、When will the train depart?A. 9:15 AMB. 10:00 AMC. 11:30 AMD. 12:45 PMAnswer: A解析：This question checks the student’s listening comprehension abouttime schedules. The correct answer is A. 9:15 AM. The information can be derived from the train schedule announcement.3、Listen to the following conversation and answer the question.A: Hi, John. How was your project at school this term?B: It was quite challenging. We had to do a lot of research and work as a team.Q: What did John say about his project?A) It was easy.B) It was difficult.C) He didn’t like it.D) He preferred working alone.Answer: B) It was difficult.Explanation: In the conversation, John mentions that his project was “quite challenging,” which implies that it was difficult.4、You will hear a short dialogue between two students discussing their weekend plans.Listen to the dialogue and fill in the blanks.M: Hey, Sally. Have you made any plans for this weekend?W: Hey, John. Not yet. I was thinking of going to the beach with some friends. How about you?M: Sounds nice. I’m planning to visit the museum. I haven’t had a chan ce to go there for a while.Q: What is Sally planning to do this weekend?A) Visit the museum.B) Go to the beach with friends.C) Stay home and read books.D) Go hiking in the mountains.Answer: B) Go to the beach with friends.Explanation: Sally explicitly states that she wants to go to the beach with some friends, making option B the correct answer.5、You will hear a short dialogue between a teacher and a student. Listen carefully and choose the best answer to the question.Question: What subject does the student want to ask for help with?A)MathB)EnglishC)ScienceAnswer: B) EnglishExplanation: In the dialogue, the student says, “I’m struggling with my English grammar. Do you have a moment to help me, Sir?” This indicates that the student wants help with English.6、You will hear a short news report. Listen carefully and fill in the blank with the missing information.Question: The school’s annual__________will be held next month.Answer: sports dayExplanation: The news report mi ght state, “The school’s annual sports day,which attracts students and teachers alike, will be held next month. Events such as running, jumping, and relay races are expected to take place.” This suggests that the blank should be filled with “sports day.”Note: The exact dialogues and news reports are not provided here, but the questions, answers, and explanations are based on typical scenarios that could appear on such an exam.7、What does the man suggest the woman do?A. Buy a new car.B. Repair the old car.C. Sell the old car.D. Rent a car.Correct Answer: B. Repair the old car.Explanation: In this conversation, the man suggests that it would be more economical to fix the current car rather than to buy a new one or sell it. He might have mentioned the high costs associated with purchasing a new vehicle or the inconvenience of renting one, which makes repairing the car the most sensible option.8、Where are the speakers going to meet?A. At the bus stop.B. At the train station.C. At the airport.D. At the coffee shop.Correct Answer: A. At the bus stop.Explanation:The dialogue indicates that the speakers are planning to meet at a specific location to catch public transportation. One of them mentions checking the timetable for the bus, which clearly points to the bus stop as their meeting place.9.You are listening to a conversation between two students in a library.A: I can’t find the book I need for my research paper. Do you have any idea where it might be?B: Yes, I think it’s in the reference section. Just go to the back of the library and you’ll find it.Question: Where does the second speaker suggest the book can be found?A) In the front of the libraryB) In the reference sectionC) In the fiction sectionD) In the non-fiction sectionAnswer: B) In the reference sectionExplanation: The second speaker specifically mentions that the book is in the reference section of the library.10.Listen to a short dialogue between a teacher and a student.Teacher: How was your science project?Student: It went pretty well. I researched the effects of different types of soil on plant growth. I think I have a good understanding of the topic now.Question: What subject did the student research for their science project?A) MathB) ScienceC) HistoryD) LiteratureAnswer: B) ScienceExplanation: The student mentions that they researched “the effects of different types of soil on plant growth,” which is a science-related topic.11、What does the boy want to buy?(A) A book.(B) A pen.(C) A toy.Answer: BPa rsing: In the dialogue, the boy said, “Mother, can I have some money to buya pen?” The answer is (B) A pen.12、When does the boy want to go to the store?(A)Now.(B)After lunch.(C)After dinner.Answer: BParsing: In the dialogue, the boy mentioned, “Can I go to the store after lunch?” The answer is (B) After lunch.13.A) Tom is in the library.B) Tom is in the park.C) Tom is in the supermarket.D) Tom is in the classroom.Answer: BExplanation: This question is a dialogue between two speakers. The first speaker mentions that Tom is not at home, and the second speaker asks where Tom might be. The second speaker suggests the park, implying that Tom is likely there. Therefore, the correct answer is B) Tom is in the park.14.A) The book is about science.B) The book is about history.C) The book is about literature.D) The book is about art.Answer: CExplanation: This question is based on a description of a book given in a conversation. The speaker mentions that the book is quite interesting and explains that it is about famous authors and their works. This makes it clear that the book is related to literature. Hence, the correct answer is C) The book is about literature.15、Listen to the dialogue and choose the best answer to the question.Question: What time does the school library close on Fridays?A. 4:30 p.m.B. 5:00 p.m.C. 5:30 p.m.Answer: BExplanation: The dialogue states, “The library is open from 8:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. on weekdays, including Fridays.” Therefore, the correct answer is B, 5:00 p.m.16、Listen to the short passage and fill in the blank with the missing word.Passage: Students are encouraged to participate in extracurricular activities. It not only helps them develop new skills but also promotes teamwork and __________.Blank:___________Answer: friendship/bonding (any synonym indicating a strong relationship or bond is acceptable)Explanation: The passage mentions that participating in extracurricular activities promotes teamwork and something related to building strong relationships among students. Therefore, words like “friendship,” “bonding,” or similar synonyms can be used to fill the blank.17、What does the man suggest the woman do?A. Take a walk in the park.B. Go to the gym.C. Stay at home and rest.D. Visit a friend’s house.Answer: CExplanation: The man says, “You look tired, why don’t you stay at homeand get some rest?” This indicates that he is suggesting the woman should not go out but instead stay at home and rest.18、What can we infer about the relationship between the speakers?A. They are colleagues.B. They are classmates.C. They are family members.D. They are strangers.Answer: BExplanation: The conversation includes phrases like “Do you want to study together after school?” which suggests that the speakers know each other well enough to make plans to study, likely indicating they are classmates.19.You are listening to a conversation between two students discussing their school project.A. What are they discussing?B. What project are they working on?C. Who suggested the project?D. When is the project due?Answer: BExplanation: The students are discussing a project they are working on, as mentioned in the conversation.20.A teacher is giving instructions to the class about an upcoming field trip.A. Where will the field trip be?B. What time will the bus leave?C. What is the purpose of the trip?D. How many students are going on the trip?Answer: CExplanation: The teacher mentions the purpose of the trip in the instructions given to the class.二、阅读理解（30分）Sure, here is a complete English reading comprehension question based on a short English passage, including the passage and three questions with their respective answers.Passage:John loved to walk in the rain. On a Friday evening, he left his home to take a walk after work. He chose a quiet path through the town, where the only sound was the occasional birdcall and the soft sound of his shoes tapping on the pavement. John noticed that the leaves on the trees were still green and bright, as if the rain had given them extra life. The air was fresh and cool, and there was a certain sense of peace in the air. By the time he got to the town square, it was getting dark, and the streetlights had just come on. John decided to head home.Questions:1.Why did John choose to walk in the rain?2.What sounds did John hear during his walk?3.How did John feel as he finished his walk?Answers:1.John chose to walk in the rain because he loved it.2.John heard the occasional birdcall and the soft sound of his shoes tapping on the pavement.3.John felt peaceful as he finished his walk.三、完型填空（15分）Complete the following passage with the appropriate choices from the list below.The countryside was a world apart from the bustling city. It was a place where the rhythms of nature 1., a world where 2. still flowed, and a place where adventure 3. more readily than in the city.The air was fresh and clean, filling the lungs with a 4. unlike any other. Walks along the winding paths offered 5., as trees whispered secrets of the past and streams sang melodies of the present.1.A. remained tranquil B. swiftly changed C. endlessly moved D. unevenly swapped Answer: A. remained tranquil2.A. life* B. history C. problems D. moneyAnswer: A. life*3.A. could be found B. seemed unattainable C. lacked interest D. never occurredAnswer: A. could be found4.A. humidity B. intoxication C. purity D. emptinessAnswer: C. purity5.A. a sense of time B. a sense of space C. a sense of loss D. a sense of directionAnswer: A. a sense of time四、语法填空题（本大题有10小题，每小题1分，共10分）1、The book is so interesting that I can’t________(put) it down.Answer: putExplanation: The phrase “can’t put it down” is a common expression meaning that something is so engaging or enjoyable that one is unable to stop reading or doing it. Here,the verb “put” is used in its infinitive form with the auxiliary verb “can’t” to form the negative present tense.2、—Would you like to have another cup of coffee?—________. I’ve had enough.A. Yes, pleaseB. No, thanksC. Nothing muchD. Help yourselfAnswer: BExplanation: In this dialogue, the question “Would you like to have another cup of coffee?” is a polite way of asking if the listener wants more coffee. The response “I’ve had enough” indicates that the listener does not want any more coffee. Therefore, the appropriate and polite reply would be “No, thanks,”which declines the offer while expressing gratitude. Option A would be incorrect as it accepts the offer, and options C and D do not directly address the question being asked.3、By the time I got to the cinema, the movie__________(begin) already.Answer: had begunExplanation: This sentence requires the past perfect tense because it describes an action that was com pleted before another action in the past. ‘Had begun’ shows that the movie started and finished before the speaker arrived at the cinema.4、Not only__________she__________(sing) beautifully, but she also plays the piano very well.Answer: does, singExplanation:In sentences beginning with ‘not only,’ the structure is inverted after the comma. Since ‘but she also plays the piano very well’ is in the present simple tense, we use ‘does sing’ to maintain consistency and emphasize her ability to sing beautifully.5.I have never seen such a beautiful__________before. (填空)A. paintingB. paintingsC. paintedD. painting’sAnswer: AExplanation: The correct answer is “painting” because it is the singular form of the noun “painting” used after the indefinite article “such a.” The other options are not grammatically correct in this context.6.If you__________(be) more careful, you wouldn’t have made so many mistakes. (填空)A. areB. wereC. beD. beingAnswer: BExplanation: The correct answer is “were” because the sentence is in the conditional perfect tense, which is used to express a past possibility that did not happen. The structure is “if + past perfect, would have + past participle.” Therefore, “were” is the correct form of the verb to be in the past perfect.7、Every____(visit) to the ancient city is a magical experience for tourists from all over the world.Answer: visit解析：句意为：“每次参观古都都给世界各地的游客带来了一段神奇的体验。

英语中考试卷附参考答案第一卷（选择题，共40分）一、单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

1. – Excuse me, may I use your bicycle? ______ is broken.-- Certainly. But remember to return it before lunch.A. IB. MeC. MyselfD. Mine2. Nanjing Lishui Strawberry Festival opened ______ March in Fujiabian Modern Agricultural Park this year.A. onB. atC. inD. to3. -- _______ are you going to the School Uniform Exhibition, Amy ?-- To learn about different styles of school uniform.A. WhatB. WhereC. WhyD. Which4. I was looking for a birthday gift for my mother, but I couldn’t find ______ suitable.A. somethingB. anythingC. nothingD. everything5. – Simon, what do I need to take for the hiking?--You’d better ________ more water than usual. It’s hot today.A. to takeB. takeC. takingD. took6. -- ____ brave Zhang Hua is!--Yes. He helped his neighbour, Mrs. Sun out of the fire.A. What aB. HowC. .How aD.What7. ______ Lin Feng has to work late, she always wears a smile on her face.A. BecauseB. IfC. UntilD. Though8. – Lily, why are you still here? School is over for half an hour.-- Because I ______ my task yet. I still need one more hour.A. won’t finishB. didn’t finishC. haven’t finishedD. hadn’t finished9. --- Yesterday Tommy walked past my table and ______ my bowls and dishes.--- He should be careful next time.A. knocked offB. took offC. showed offD. turned off10. – David, could you tell me _________?-- Every four years.A. when the 2014 World Cup will finishB. how often the World Cup takes placeC. how many teams take part in the World CupD. who may score the most goals in the World Cup11. – Do you enjoy Han Lei’s songs?-- Yes. He is the winner of I’m Singer II. I can’t think of anyone with a ______ voice.A. betterB. bestC. moreD. most12. We all know that learning a foreign language _______ time and effort.A. requiresB. reducesC. removesD. repeats13. We’re sure that the environment in our city ______ greatly through our work in the near future.A. improvedB. was improvedC. has improvedD. will be improved14. –The documentary A Bite Of China II is quite popular around China recently. How do you likeit?-- ______.A. I think soB. Pretty goodC. It’s my pleasureD. All right15. – We can invite our teachers to the farewell party next Saturday.-- Yes, ______? I’ll call them at once.A. what forB. whatC. why notD. why二、完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

20XX年江苏省南京市初中升学统一考试英语试卷本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷两部分。

共110分。

考试时间120分钟。

注意事项:1．答第Ⅰ卷前考生务必将自己的考试证号、考试科目用铅笔涂写在答题卡上。

2．每小题选出答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。

不能答在试题卷上。

第Ⅰ卷（选择题共60分）一、听力（每小题1分，共20小题，计20分）A）每小题你将听到一个对话，从A、B、C、D四幅图中找出与你所听B. In England。

D. In America。

B。

In the park。

D. In the street. B. Lily does。

D。

Nobody does. B。

A visitor. D. A bus driver.10。

A。

She will have a rest. B。

She will go on working。

C。

She will have an exam. D。

She will work hard.C）根据所听句子，从A、B、C、D、四个选中选出一个意思与其相同或相近的句子.（听两遍）11。

A. I often ride to school。

B. I often walk to school. C。

I often drive to school. D. I often take a bus to school。

12. A。

Please leave me a message at six. B. Please wake me up at six。

C。

Please call me at six. D. Please pick me up at six。

13。

A。

She is more than forty years old。

B. She is less than forty years old.C. She looks younger than she really is。

江苏省南京市雨花台中学2024-2025学年高二上学期10月月考英语试卷一、阅读理解For the intrepid traveler seeking unique and off-the-beaten-path experiences, these four international tourist destinations offer a plethora of captivating sights and activities.Destination 1: Machu Picchu, PeruNestled high in the Andes Mountains, Machu Picchu is an archaeological wonder that has mystified and attracted scholars and adventurers alike. This ancient Incan citadel, often referred to as the “Lost City of the Incas,” is accessible only by a strenuous hike or a train ride through breathtaking landscapes. The ruins are replete with intricately carved stone structures, terraced fields, and sacred temples. The site’s mysterious history and stunning natural setting make it a must-visit destination for those with a penchant for exploration.Destination 2: Santorini, Greece Renowned for its dramatic cliffs, cobalt-blue domes, and mesmerizing sunsets, Santorini is a paradise for aesthetes and romantics. The island’s unique volcanic landscape offers a visual feast of multicolored cliffsides and crystal-clear waters. Wander through the charming white-washed villages of Oia and Fira, and savor the local cuisine, which includes fresh seafood and delicious Mediterranean delicacies. The island’s luxurious resorts and spas provide the perfect respite after a day of exploring.Destination 3: Kyoto, JapanAs the cultural heart of Japan, Kyoto is a city steeped in history and tradition. Home to numerous ancient temples, shrines, and gardens, Kyoto offers a glimpse into Japan’s rich cultural heritage. Visit the iconic Kinkaku-ji (Golden Pavilion), stroll through the serene Arashiyama Bamboo Grove, and experience a traditional tea ceremony. The city’s traditional crafts, such as silk weaving and pottery, are also a draw for tourists seeking a more immersive cultural experience.Destination 4: Prague, Czech RepublicWith its fairytale-like architecture, Prague is a city that seems to have stepped out of a storybook. The city’s Old Town Square is dominated by the Astronomical Clock, a medieval timepiece that is a marvel of engineering. Explore the narrow cobblestone streets and visit the many castles and palaces that dot the city. Prague’s vibrant nightlife and world-class cuisine makeit a popular destination for travelers from around the world.1．What makes Machu Picchu a must-visit destination?A．Its ancient lost city of the Incas.B．Its easy accessibility to all travellers.C．Its stone structures and sacred temples.D．Its unexplainable history and naturallandscape.2．What do Destination 2 and Destination 4 have in common?A．They are paradises for romantics.B．They provide delicious delicacies.C．They are dominated by engineering marvels.D．They offer a visual feast of crystal-clear waters.3．If you’re interested in history, you can choose to visit .A．Destination 1 and Destination 3B．Destination 2 and Destination 3C．Destination 2 and Destination 4D．Destination 1 and Destination 2A daughter complained to her father about her life and how things were so hard for her. She did not know if she was going to make it and wanted to give up. She was tired of fighting and struggling. It seemed as one problem was solved a new one arose.Her father, a cook, took her to the kitchen. He filled three pots with water and placed each on a high fire. Soon the pots came to a boil. In one he placed carrots, in the second he placed eggs, and in the last he placed ground coffee beans. He let them sit and boil, without saying a word.The daughter sucked her teeth and impatiently waited, wondering what he was doing. In about twenty minutes he turned off the burners. He fished the carrots out and placed them in a bowl. He pulled the eggs out and placed them in a bowl. Then he ladled the coffee out and placed it in a mug. Turning to her, he asked, “Darling, what do you see?”“Carrots, eggs, and coffee,” she replied.He brought her closer and asked her to feel the carrots. She did and noted that they were soft. He then asked her to take an egg and break it. After pulling off the shell, she observed the hard-boiled egg. Finally, he asked her to sip the coffee. She smiled, as she tasted its rich aroma.“What does it mean, father?” she humbly asked.He explained that each of them had faced the same adversity, boiling water, but each reacted differently. The carrot went in strong, hard, and unrelenting; but after being subjected to the boiling water, it became softened and weak. The egg had been fragile; its thin outer shell had protected its liquid interior; but after sitting through the boiling water, its inside became hardened.The ground coffee beans were unique, however; after they were in the boiling water, they had changed the water.“Which are you?” he asked his daughter.4．Why did the daughter complain to her father?A．Because she found life was extremely cruel to her.B．Because she found that she was at a loss in her life.C．Because she was tired of fighting and struggling with others.D．Because she doubted if she’d make it to addressing the boredom in life.5．What did the father take his daughter to the kitchen for?A．To boil three things for her.B．To explain to her what life is.C．To give her some inspiration.D．To carry out an experiment with her. 6．What can be inferred from the text?A．The father seemed to be in favor of the egg most.B．The carrot was likely to be the daughter’s favourite.C．The three things all stood the test of the boiling water.D．The ground coffee beans chose to affect their surroundings.7．What’s the best title for the text?A．A vivid lesson B．A best choiceC．A tough challenge D．A rough rideWhen driving, Clara-Marina Martinez makes a note of any unusual behaviour she sees on the road. She then feeds these into machine-learning algorithms (算法), a form of AI, which she is helping develop for Porsche Engineering.Those algorithms are intended to produce a system reliable enough for a car to drive itself. Such a fully autonomous car, known in the industry as Level 5, should be able to complete anentire journey without any intervention (介入) from the driver, and deal with all situations on the road. But this is proving hard to achieve, and many attempts to do so are being abandoned. Last year, for instance, Uber sold off its unit developing self-driving cars.Autonomous vehicles are said to be not just convenient but potentially safer. However, just as people take time to learn how to drive safely, so do machines. And machines are not quick learners. The RAND Corporation calculates that to develop a system 20% safer than a human driver, 100self-driving cars would have to operate 24 hours a day, 365 days a year.Carmakers such as Porsche therefore speed up the development process using simulators (模拟器). These teach software about dangers rarely encountered in reality. Dr Martinez and her colleagues employ “game engines” to do this. These are used to create virtual worlds through which the software can drive. Objects in these virtual worlds are assigned their physical characteristics (ie, buildings are hard, people are soft) so that the sensors in vehicles respond in the appropriate way. Once the software has been trained, it is tested in real autonomous vehicles by re-creating those situations on a test track.How quickly all this will translate into reality remains to be seen. Both regulators and customers will need to overcome the doubt that a software driver really can be safer than a human being.From Porsche’s point of view, though, there is another question. Given that much of the reason owning a sports car is for owners to show off their driving skills, just how big a market will there be for a version where software takes those bragging (炫耀的) rights away?8．Why does Clara-Marina Martinez note the unusual behaviour on the road?A．To market Porsche cars.B．To improve an AI technology.C．To learn to be a responsible driver.D．To enjoy riding in a self-driving car.9．The problem with self-driving cars is that .A．they learn as slowly as human beingsB．they operate for a very short period of timeC．they have to be monitored by human driversD．they need a long time to reach a certain safety level10．What does the underlined word “this” in paragraph 4 refer to?A．Employing simulators on a test track.B．Speeding the development of process.C．Figuring out the physical road dangers.D．Separating the real world from the virtual world.11．What worries Porsche according to the last paragraph?A．The reliability of car software.B．The future of the sports car market.C．The driving skills of human beings.D．The quality of self-driving cars in the future.Studies have shown the mere exposure effect, also referred to as the familiarity principle, inspires our decisions. It is a helpful psychological mechanism that helps us sustain our energy and focus our attention on other things. Getting used to new things takes effort and it can be tiring. So unless we have a terrible experience, we are likely to buy from companies we’ve got used to. That is why companies spend so much money on advertising and marketing and why insurance (保险) companies openly charge existing customers more than new ones.It’s not the case that we only desire things we already know. Some studies suggest when invited to share our preferences, we sometimes see less familiar options as more desirable. But when acting on that preference, we fall back to what we know. This might explain why sometimes the things we want and the things we do don’t quite match up. We might even return to companies that treated us poorly in the past or stay in bad relationships.It’s easy to paint the familiarity principle as an enemy or something to battle as if it is something that holds us back from living our dreams. But this attitude might be overwhelming because it tends to encourage us toward big-picture thinking. Where we imagine that change requires a quite dramatic swing that we don’t feel ready for. Some articles suggest the solution to familiarity frustration (沮丧) is complete exposure to novelty. While this can appear effective in the short term, we may only end up replacing one problem with another. It also risks overwhelm and burnout.So what if we can work with the familiarity principle instead? Familiarity is something wecan learn to play with and enjoy. It is a setting for creativity and a pathway to expansion. We can broaden the zone of familiarity bit by bit. If we think of familiarity as something that can expand, we can consider changing the conditions in and around our lives to make more space for our preferences to take root and grow gently. From here, we will start to make decisions, drawing from an ever-deepening pool of valuable options.12．What allows insurance companies to charge old customers more?A．The advertising cost.B．The improved service.C．The familiarity principle.D．The principle of the market.13．We can learn from paragraph 2 that .A．Our preferences affect our decisionsB．Familiarity tends to generate disrespectC．The familiarity principle is a double-edged swordD．There can be a mismatch between desires and actions14．What is the author’s attitude towards the solution in some articles?A．Disapproving.B．Tolerant.C．Objective.D．Reserved. 15．Which of the following is the best title for the text?A．Step Out of Your Familiarity ZoneB．Spare a Thought for Your PreferenceC．Gently Expand Your Familiarity ZoneD．Give Priority to the Mere Exposure EffectEssential CreativityIn a recent survey in America, 62% of people said that creativity was more important to success in the workplace than they had expected it to be when they were in school.16 It is of course possible to scan people’s brains and see which parts are firing when an idea is created, but rather more romantically it can be thought of as something that cannot be identified. Creativity is what comes to you when you least expect it. You cannot demand creativity from your mind, nor can you demand that you are creative in a particular way.One misconception about creativity is that it is reserved for a few special people. This is not true. 17 Another misconception is that creativity is all about the arts but this simply isn’ttrue. 18It is incredibly important that schools do not prevent creativity. 19 Students should be taught to ask questions and investigate when things do not make sense. They need to learn to view mistakes as opportunities for learning rather than something that was unsuccessful. But now it is worrying that many schools are less concerned with nurturing creativity. However, without creativity, we are indistinguishable from the masses. 20 Meanwhile, we can also channel it to face the challenges of the future.A．We can use it to set ourselves apart.B．It’s difficult to define what creativity is.C．Everyone has the capacity to be creative.D．We can employ creativity to deal with the world.E．Rather, they should work to expand, grow, and exercise it.F．It’s hard to work out where exactly creativity comes from.G．Creativity extends to maths and science in just the way it does to music and literature.二、完形填空Atomic (原子的) shapes are so simple that they can’t be broken down any further. Mathematicians are trying to 21 artificial intelligence (AI) to build a “periodic table” (周期表) of these shapes.Tom Coates at Imperial College London and his colleagues are working to classify (分类) atomic shapes 22 as Fano varieties, which are so simple that they can’t be broken down into smaller 23 . Just as chemists arranged elements in the periodic table by their atomic weight and group to 24 new insights, the researchers hope that organizing these atomic shapes by their various 25 will help in understanding them.The team has assigned each atomic shape a sequence of numbers 26 its features such as the number of holes it has or the 27 to which it twists around itself. This acts as a bar code (条形码) to 28 it. Coates and his colleagues have now created an AI that can predict certain properties of these shapes from their bar code numbers alone, with an 29 of 98 percent.The team member Alexander Kasprzyk, who works at the University of Nottingham, UK, says that the AI has let the team organize atomic shapes in a way that begins to 30 the periodic table, 31 when you read from left to right, or up and down, there seem to be organized patterns in the geometry (几何) of the shapes.The team hopes to 32 the model to the point where missing spaces in its periodic table could point to the existence of unknown shapes, which could 33 benefit further study.Graham Niblo at the University of Southampton, UK, stresses that humans will still need to understand the results provided by the AI and creates proofs of these ideas. “AI has 34 got unbelievable abilities. But in the same way that telescopes (望远镜) don’t put astronomers out of work, AI doesn’t put mathematicians out of work,” he says. “It just gives us new 35 that allows us to explore parts of the mathematical landscape that are out of reach.”21．A．go about B．turn to C．break with D．throw in 22．A．rewarded B．encountered C．entitled D．diverged 23．A．components B．perspectives C．variations D．transformations 24．A．enhance B．estimate C．reveal D．guarantee 25．A．predictions B．properties C．arrangements D．allowances 26．A．trapped in B．compared to C．bent on D．based on 27．A．scale B．extent C．width D．dimension 28．A．identify B．grasp C．imply D．cast 29．A．concept B．impression C．essence D．accuracy 30．A．differ B．follow C．multiple D．claim31．A．as though B．even if C．so that D．now that 32．A．display B．expose C．distinguish D．improve 33．A．in turn B．in contrast C．by turns D．in return 34．A．critically B．definitely C．strikingly D．comprehensively 35．A．setting B．booming C．backing D．calling三、语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

南京市2024年初中毕业生学业考试英语留意事项：1．本试卷共8页。

全卷满分90分。

考试时间为90分钟。

试题包含选择题和非选择题。

考生答题全部答在答题卡上，答在本试卷上无效。

2．请仔细核对监考老师在答题卡上所粘贴条形码的姓名、考试证号是否与本人相符合，再将自己的姓名、考试证号用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔填写在答题卡及本试卷上。

3．答选择题必需用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动，请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。

答非选择题必需用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔写在答题卡的指定位置，在其他位置答题一律无效。

选择题(共40分)一、单项填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)请仔细阅读下列各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

1. ---Look at the text in the notice. What does it say?---The students who do not sign up before Friday lunchtime_____.A. will have to work at lunchtime next FridayB. will have to work in the afternoon next weekC. won't be able to do afternoon activities next FridayD. won’t be able to choose their afternoon activities next week答案：D解析：句意：看公告文本，上面说什么？---周五午饭前不报名的学生（将）▲。

依据公告内容“假如不报名，我们将会为你选择活动”即不能在下周自行选择活动内容，故选D。

考点：句意理解辨析，同义句转化2. Neil Armstrong was the first man to walk on the moon _______20 July 1969.A. inB. onC. atD. for答案：B解析：句意：Neil Armstrong（尼尔·阿姆斯特朗）是第一个于1969年7月20日在月球上行走的人。

江苏省南京市2023中考英语真题试卷一、听力部分（共25分）第一节听下面五段对话，每段对话后有一个小题。

从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听完每段对话后，你都有5秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1. What subject does the man dislike?2. What does the man think of the film?3. How long has the woman been playing the piano?4. What is the weather like now?5. What will the woman probably do?第二节听下面几段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。

每段对话或独白读两遍。

听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。

6.What subject does the woman like?7. How does the woman usually go to school?听第7段对话，回答第8和第9两个小题。

8. What does the boy’s father do?9. What will the boy probably do this weekend?听第8段对话，回答第10至第12三个小题。

10. Where did the woman go last summer vacation?11. How long will the woman stay in London this time?12. Who will the woman visit in London?听第9段独白，回答第13至第16四个小题。

13. What does Alex look like?14. What’s Alex’s hobby?15. What subjects does Alex like?16. Who does Alex help with their homework?二、单项填空（共15分）17. —Would you like to go to the concert with me?—Sorry, I can’t. I have ______ plan with my brother.A. aB. anC. theD. /18. If you______your umbrella here, you couldn’t have got wet in the heavy rain yesterday.A. tookB. would takeC. had takenD. will take19. This is one of the best ______ I h ave seen Jimmy’s performance.A. ideasB. conceptsC. plansD. improvements20. —How did you teach ______to cook a nice meal?—By watching online cooking videos.A. youB. yourselfC. yourselvesD. your21. This MP3 player is really awesome. You can choose any song you want, ______you don’t like ads.A. even ifB. so thatC. as ifD. as long as22. _____ good advice! I’ll consider it.A. WhatB. HowC. What aD. How a23. I didn’t watch the match because I ______ it. The game was so exciting.A. forgotB. lostC. missedD. left24. Schools around the country ______ take action to solve the problem of heavy schoolbags.A. couldB. mustC. shouldD. might25. —Lily, do you need any help?—I want to carry this box upstairs. Can you ______me a hand?A. takeB. holdC. giveD. lift26. _______he was seriously ill, he still worked hard for the final exam.A. WhenB. UnlessC. BecauseD. Although27. —I would really like a cup of tea.—_______, please help yourself.A. Go aheadB. I’m sorryC. Have funD. Take care28. _______to the shop and buy some drinks, will you?A. To goB. GoingC. GoD. Has gone29. —I’m hungry. Do we have any fruit?—Sorry, I’ve eaten _______.A. themB. theyC. itD. its30. —How do you like the new movie?—I was _______it being so interesting.A. expectedB. expected ofC. worriedD. worried about三、完形填空（共10分）阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳选项。

2024-2025学年度第一学期第一阶段学业质量监测试卷八年级英语第1卷选择题(共50分)(请将答案涂在答题卷上)一、听力(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)第一部分听对话回答问题. 本部分共有10道小题，每小题你将听到一段对话，每段对话听两遍。

在听每段对话前你将有5秒钟的时间阅读题目；听完后你仍有5秒钟的时间选出你认为最合适的备选答案。

1. What did Amy do during her holiday?2. How does Jack usually go to school?3. Where did the boy go last week?4. Where will the girl go this Sunday?3/ What does the man want to do now?A. To drive to Shanghai.B. To buy air tickets.C. To take a train to Shanghai.6. How long did the girl stay in the World Park?A. For an hour.B. For half an hour.C. For one day.7. What does the woman think of the trip?A. Boring.B. Sad.C. Enjoyable.8. Why did the man say his trip was bad?A. It rained.B. He was ill.C. It was too hot.9. What is Millie's school life like?A. Interesting.B. Busy.C. Boring.10. Why can't the girl watch the cartoons?A. Because her mother is working.B. Because her father is reading.C. Because her mother is sleeping.第二部分听对话和短文回答问题。