2020年高考英语一轮复习必考点全梳理——特殊句式——精讲深剖【解析版】

特殊句式一、倒装1.完全倒装谓语动词完全放在主语之前a.表示方位或方式的副词或介词短语置于句首，且主语是名词时b.Such置于句首时2.部分倒装只把谓语的一部分（多为助动词或情态动词）置于主语之前a.only修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句，且放在句首（注：only修饰主语时，句子不可倒装）b.否定词及表否定意义的介词短语等置于句首时六个重要的固定句型c.…so + be/助动词/情态动词+主语“…也是如此d.…neither(或nor) + be/助动词/情态动词+主语，“…也不这样”e.So + adj./adv….that…“如此…以至于…”f.Neither…, nor…，“…不…，…也不…”g.Not only…,but also…“不仅…而且…”h.Not until… “直到…才…”3.形式倒装形式上的倒装在语法上称为前置。

它的特点是只把强调的内容提至句首，主谓并不倒装。

a.感叹句对名词（或中心词是名词）感叹时，用what引导；对形容词或副词感叹时，用how引导。

b.the more…,the more…句型c.whatever…/hower…引导的让步状语从句d.as, though引导让步状语从句时采用倒装形式的情况①表语的倒装②谓语动词的倒装③状语的倒装二、强调1.强调句型a.it is/was + 被强调的部分+ that/who + 句子剩余成分所强调的可以是单词，短语，也可以是从句，但结构必须完整。

被强调的成份可以是主语宾语和状语，但不能是定语或谓语。

b.一般疑问句的强调句型：is/was it + 被强调成分+ that/who + 其他成分c.特殊疑问句的强调句型：特殊疑问词+ is/was + it + that + 其他成分d.有时可用it might be…that…, it must have been…that…句型表示强调e.Not…until句型的强调句f.强调句型中的it与作形式主语的it可根据能否恢复原句来判断g.强调句型it is /was…that…; it is/was + 时间+ when/before从句; it is + 时间+since从句；it was not long…before…等句型的区别2.对谓语动词的强调It is/was …that…结构不能强调谓语动词，如果需要强调谓语动词，用助动词do, did 或does.三、反义疑问句1.陈述部分含有must的反义疑问句当must作“必须”讲时，其反义疑问部分用needn’t；当含有mustn’t 时，其反义疑问部分用must/may当must/may（might）表示推测，即must作“一定，准是”讲，may/might作“可能”讲时，可首先将句子改为“I am sure/guess that从句”，反义疑问部分的动词形式根据be sure/guess后的宾语从句的谓语动词形式确定。

专题11 特殊句式（解析版）Part 1：知识点梳理1.倒装的必备条件及具体应用；2.省略的基本原则及用法；3.强调句的基本结构、句式及其与相似主从复合句的区别。

知识点1倒装1：完全倒装完全倒装here,there,up,down,in,out,off,away等副词开头的句子表示强调Out rushed the children.表示地点的介词短语作状语位于句首Under the tree stood twotables and four chairs.强调表语,置于句首,或为保持句子平衡Present at the meeting were1,000 students.2：部分倒装部分倒装never,hardly,scarcely,seldom,little,not until,not等表示否定意义的副词放于句首Hardly did I know whathad happened.only和修饰的状语放于句首Only then did he realizethe importance of English.not only...but also...连接并列的句子,前倒后不倒Not only does he knowFrench,but also he is expert atit.neither...nor...连接并列的句子,前后都倒装Neither do I know it,nordo I care about it.so...that,such...that中的so或such及被修饰的成分放于句首时,主谓要倒装So busy is he that hecannot go on a holiday.as引导的让步状语Child as he is,he haslearned a lot.so,neither或nor表示前句内容也适用于另外的He can play the piano.So人或事can I.May you be in good用于表示祝愿的祈使句中health!Were I you,I would not do 省略if的虚拟条件it in this way.知识点2 省略1. 不定式的省略(1)在动词不定式结构中，为了避免重复，常常省略不定式结构中的动词，只保留to，常见的词或结构有expect, forget, hope, intend, like, love, mean, prefer, refuse, seem, try, want, wish, glad, happy, pleased, delighted, have, need, ought, used, be going, be about, be sure, be afraid, be certain, be likely, be ready, be supposed等。

专题01 名词I.单句语法填空1.（2019・全国卷I）In recent years some Inuit people in Nunayut have reported increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a ______ (believe) that populations are increasing.【答案】belief【解析】考查名词。

根据其前不定冠词和其后的同位语从句可知，空格处为名词形式，故填belief。

2.（2019・全国卷III)When they were free from work，they invited us to local events and let us know of an interesting (compete)to watch，together with the story behind it.【答案】competition【解析】考查名词。

由空格前的不定冠词an与空格后的不定式to watch可以确定空格处应该填名词形式。

故填competition。

3.（2019・浙江卷)Other American studies showed no ______(connect) between uniforms and school performance.【答案】connection/connections【解析】考查名词。

句意：其他的美国研究表明校服和学校表现之间没有联系。

no是形容词，形容词修饰名词，位于名词前，名词可用复数也可用单数形式。

connect是动词，“联系”的意思，因此，要用其名词形式。

故填connection/connections。

4.（2018·6月浙江高考）Making Chinese ( dish)is seen as especially troublesome.【答案】dishes【解析】考查名词单复数。

一、时态、语态时态、语态需要掌握的要点：1.表达将来时的形式：(1)在时间、条件、让步从句中，一般现在时代替将来时，但要注意区别从句的类型，如：I’ll tell him when you will ring again. 我告诉他你什么时候再来电话。

(宾语从句)比较：I’ll tell him when you ring again.你再打电话时我告诉他。

(状语从句)(2)在make sure, make certain, see (to it) 后的that从句中，谓语动词用一般现在时代替将来时，如：See to it that you include in the paper whatever questions they didn’t know the answer to last time.(include 不能用will include或其他形式) 2.完成时是时态测试的重点，注意与完成时连用的句型和时间状语：(1)by/between/up to/till +过去时间、since、by the time/when +表示过去发生情况的从句，主句用过去完成时。

如：We had just had our breakfast when an old man came to the door.Between 1897 and 1919 at least 29 motion pictures in which artificial beings were portrayed had been produced.(表示1919年时已发生的情况) (2)by +将来时间、by the time/ when +谓语动词是一般现在时的从句，主句用将来完成时。

如：By the time you arrive in London, we will have stayed in Europe for two weeks.I hope her health will have improved greatly by the time we come back next year.(3)by now、since +过去时间、in/during/for/over/the past/last few(或具体数字)years/days/months，主句用现在完成时,如：The changes that had taken place in air travel during the last sixty years would have seemed completely impossible to even the most brilliant scientists at the turn of the 19th century.但在it is +具体时间since/before这一句型中，主句更多的时候不用完成时。

考点十一特殊句式限时25分钟一、单句语法填空1．It was last Saturday ________ we visited the History Museum．答案：that 此句为强调句型，其中被强调的部分是last Saturday。

2．When ________ (return) home, I met my old friend Paul in the street．答案：returning 句意：当我回家时，我在街上遇到了我的老朋友保罗。

return的逻辑主语与句子主语I一致，且I与return之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故填现在分词形式。

when returning home是when I was returning home的省略。

3．Only in this way ________ I learn English well．答案：can 句意：只有用这种方法，我才能学好英语。

当only用在句首强调状语时，句子要用部分倒装，强调主语时，句子不倒装。

4．I won't go to the party tonight even if ________(invite)．答案：invited 此句中even if后省略了I am, invite的逻辑主语与句子主语I一致，且I与invite之间存在被动关系，因此应用invited。

5．Not only ________ I interested in the photography, but I took a course at university．答案：am 句意：我不仅对摄影感兴趣，在大学里我还上过摄影课。

not only位于句首时，所在分句用部分倒装，且此处描述现在的情况，故填am。

6．Jim is a student; ________ is Tom．答案：so 句意：吉姆是一名学生，汤姆也是。

指前者情况也适用于后者，意为“某人也……”，表肯定意义，用so＋助动词＋主语。

2021年高考英语一轮复习语法专题特殊句式复习（讲）（含解析）新人教版必修2语法知识精讲专门句式一、考点梳理。

1.考查否定词置于句首时的倒装形式【例】 Never in my wildest dreams_____these people are living in such poor conditions.A.I could imagineB.could I imagineC.I couldn't imagineD.couldn't I imagine【答案】B2.考查否定的介词短语置于句首时的倒装形式【例】I've tried very hard to improve my English. But by no means________with my progress.A. the teacher is not satisfiedB.is the teacher not satisfiedC. the teacher is satisfiedD. is the teacher satisfied【答案】D【解析】当by no means, in no case, on no condition等表示否定意义的介词短语置于句首时，其后要用倒装语序。

3.考查so／neither／nor doI类型的倒装形式【例】(1) —— My room gets very cold at night.—— ____.A. So is mineB.So mine isC.So does mineD.So mine does【答案】C【解析】so does mine在此的意思是“我的房间也一样”。

表示“……也一样”时，so的后面要用倒装语序，故可排除选项B和D。

又因为前面一句的谓语动词为实义动词(gets)，因此后面一句要用助动词does，不能用is。

因此答案选C。

【例】(2) If Joe's wife won't go to the party,____.A. he will eitherB.neither will heC.he neither willD.either he will【答案】B【解析】当要表示“……也一样不”时，neither后要接倒装语序，故选B。

专题01 名词I.单句语法填空1.（2019・全国卷I ）In recent years some Inuit people in Nunayut have reported increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a ______ (believe) that populations are increasing. 【答案】belief【解析】考查名词。

根据其前不定冠词和其后的同位语从句可知，空格处为名词形式，故填belief 。

2. （2019・全国卷III)When they were free from work ，they invited us to local events and let us know of an interesting (compete)to watch ，together with the story behind it. 【答案】competition【解析】考查名词。

由空格前的不定冠词an 与空格后的不定式to watch 可以确定空格处应该填名词形式。

故填competition 。

3.（2019・浙江卷)Other American studies showed no ______(connect) between uniforms and school performance. 【答案】connection/connections【解析】考查名词。

句意：其他的美国研究表明校服和学校表现之间没有联系。

no 是形容词，形容词修饰名词，位于名词前，名词可用复数也可用单数形式。

connect 是动词，“联系”的意思，因此，要用其名词形式。

故填connection/connections 。

4.（2018·6月浙江高考） Making Chinese ( dish)is seen as especially troublesome. 【答案】dishes【解析】考查名词单复数。

1.The language use is good and the main points are covered. （2020 全国I 卷）语言运用很好，重点都讲到了。

2.Her husband worked two jobs to cover the bills.（2020 山东卷）她丈夫打两份工来支付账单。

【句子结构分析】简单句【熟词僻义分析】1.cover①熟义：v 覆盖He disclosed the outer covering on the bike.他揭去自行车上的覆盖物.②生义：v 涵盖，包括，涉及；足以支付，够付Other subjects covered included nerves and how to overe them.所涉及的其他主题包括焦虑及如何克服。

e①熟义：使用Police used tear gas to disperse the crowds.警察使用催泪瓦斯驱散人群。

②生义：利用Be careful she's not just using you...当心她不只是在利用你。

3.It has one of the new memory sticks and a protective case for filming underwater, so you can take it when you go diving. （2020 全国I 卷）它有一个新的记忆棒和一个用于水下拍摄的保护套，所以你可以在潜水的时候带着它。

【句子结构分析】so引导结果状语从句，从句里面嵌套了一个when 引导时间状语从句【熟词僻义分析】1.case①熟义：n 情况It is simply not the case that prison conditions are improving.监狱条件得到改善的情况绝非事实。

②生义：n 套；盒；箱；容器In the case of circular transparent container, but also acts as a magnifier.如为圆形透明容器, 还能起到放大镜的作用.2.Film①熟义：电影；拍电影They are filming in Moscow right now.目前他们正在莫斯科拍电影。

专题03代词——精讲深剖语法填空1.(2018全国高考I 卷)If you are time poor ，you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports ，so perhaps we should all give a try. 【答案】 it【解析】考查代词。

give it a try 为固定搭配，意为“试一试”，根据语境可知，it 指代running ，故可填it 或running 。

句意：如果你很难抽出时间，你只需要跑一半的时间就能得到和其他运动一样的好处，所以也许我们都应该试一试。

2. (2018全国高考III 卷)When the gorillas and I frightened each other ，I was just glad to find (they) alive. 【答案】them【解析】考查代词。

这里用them 指代上文的the gorillas 。

句意：当大猩猩和我都吓了彼此一跳时，我很高兴能看见它们还活着。

3.(2017全国高II 卷)However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25,000 people were using every day. 【答案】it【解析】考查代词。

use 是及物动词，其后接宾语，此处很明显缺少代词。

分析句意可知，此处用it 指代上文提到的the railway 。

句意：然而，铁路很快被证明是一个巨大的成功，在6个月内，每天使用它的有25,000多人。

4.(2016全国高II 卷)On my recent visit ，I held a lively three-month-old twin that had been rejected by ____(it) mother. 【答案】its【解析】考查代词。

2020年高三英语高考一轮复习语法专项讲解---特殊句式考点特殊句式1．强调句型强调句型由“It＋is／was＋被强调部分＋that／who．．”构成，可以用来强调句子的主语、宾语、状语；被强调部分是指人的名词或代词时用who和that均可，其他情况一律用that。

（1）强调句的一般疑问句式Is／Was it－十被强调部分＋that／who...？Was it yesterday that you met your old friend in the supermarket?（2）强调句的特殊疑问句式特殊疑问词（被强调部分）＋is／was＋it＋that／who...？1)W hy was it that you didn’t attend the meeting?2)What was it that made her so upset?3)）not... until...句型的强调句It is/was +not until ..+that...It was not until I failed in the exams that I realized I had not studied hard.2．使用助动词do（does，did）强调强调句子的谓语动词时，将助动词do（docs，did）置于动词原形之前，用来加强语气。

1) Do be careful！－定要细心!2) He does enjoy drawing他确实喜欢画画.二、倒装句1部分倒装部分倒装指的是只将be动词、助动词或情态动词提到主语前面，谓语的其他部分仍保留在主语的后面。

（1）表示否定意义的词或短语置于句首时句子用部分倒装常见的这类词或短语有not，never，hardly，seldom,rarely, by no means, in no way. in no case, at no time等1)Seldom in my life have I met so determined a person.2)At no time should you touch it or get it hurt.（2）not only．but（also）连接两个分句，not only．置于句首时，前一个分句用部分倒装.Not only do I enjoy less spare time, but I find myself even busier than before.(3)在no sooner.than.. hardly/scarcely. when.结构中，no sooner／hardly／scarcely置于句首时，主句部分用部分倒装，且用过去完成时，than／when后的句子用一般过去时。

2020年高考英语一轮复习必考点全梳理特殊句式一．单句语法填空1.____________ seems to be intense competition among students to enter a key university.【解析】：句意：学生们进入重点大学的竞争似乎很激烈。

考查there be句型。

there be句型中的be有时可用seem to be等替换。

【答案】：There2．After the major earthquake he was surprised at ____________ hungry people were for mental and emotional help.【解析】：句意：大地震之后，他惊讶于人们那么迫切地需要精神和情绪上的帮助。

本题介词at后接宾语从句，且宾语从句为感叹句，how后接形容词hungry；短语be hungry for意为“对......渴望/渴求”。

【答案】：how3.Not until recently they encourage the development of tourist-related activities in the rural areas.【答案】：did【解析】根据时间状语"recently"及动词encourage可知本句应用一般过去时。

"Not until+状语"位于句首时,句子采用部分倒装。

故填助动词did。

4.If (accept)for the job, you’ll be informed soon.【答案】accepted【解析】句意:如果你被录用做这份工作的话,你会很快收到通知的。

当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致且从句谓语部分有be动词时,状语从句的主语和be动词可以省略。

该题中的条件状语从句补充完整为If you are accepted for the job。

专题12定语从句——精讲深剖1.（2019·江苏卷·单项填空） We have entered into an age _______ dreams have the best chance of coming true. A. which B. whatC. whenD. that【答案】C【解析】考查定语从句。

句意：我们已经进入到了一个时代，在这个时代梦想实现的机会最大。

句中先行词为an age （一个时代），且先行词在从句中做时间状语，所以关系词用when 。

故选C 。

2.（2019·天津卷·单项填空）11.Their child is at the stage__________ she can say individual words but not full sentences. A. whyB. whereC. whichD. what【答案】B【解析】考查定语从句。

句意：他们的孩子正处于能说单个单词而不能说完整句子的阶段。

句中she can say individual words but not full sentences 是一个定语从句，先行词是the stage ，关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where ，故选B 。

3.(2019·新课标I 卷·短文改错)One afternoon where I was in primary school, I was walking by the school playground. 【答案】One afternoonwherewhenI was in primary school, I was walking by the school playground. 【解析】考查定语从句。

先行词one afternoon 表示时间在定语从句中作状语，所以关系词使用when 。