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高考英语近三年真题语法精讲精练：专题9-省略句和强调句-CAL-FENGHAI-(2020YEAR-YICAI)_JINGBIAN专题省略句和强调句一、省略考点一不定式中的省略1．感官动词或使役动词(feel，notice，see，hear，let，make，have等)后接不定式作宾语补足语时常省略to。
I heard my father sing in the kitchen.2．在由and或or连接的并列不定式结构中常省略后面的to。
I want to finish my homework and go home.3．在某些形容词(如：glad，happy，pleased等)后面时常保留to而省略上文已提到的动词原形。
—Will you join us in the game?—I'd be glad to.4．在do nothing but，can't help but，why not，would rather...than...，had better等句型中省略to。
The little boy could do nothing but cry.5．to后的内容常承前省略(只保留to即可)。
但如果承前省略的不定式中有have或be的任何形式，后应该保留原形be或have。
Susan is not what she used to be.考点二定语从句中的省略1．在限制性定语从句中，如果关系代词that，which，whom作从句中的宾语，可将关系代词省略。
Do you know the man (whom) our teacher spoke to?2．先行词the way(关系词作状语)，time(次数)后的定语从句常省略关系词。
I don't like the way(in which/that) he spoke to others.I can't remember how many times (that)I have failed.考点三状语从句中的省略1．当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致且从句谓语动词含有be时，可省略状语从句的主语和be动词。
新译林必修三U1 语法省略句语法总结+练习一、简单句中的省略省略心照不宣的内容二、并列句中的省略省略相同的位语动词三、复合句种的省略1. 状语从句省略主语+be2. 限定性定语从句中的省略(省略做宾语的关系代词that which whom )3. 宾语从句中的省略(省略连接词that )宾语从句常省略连接词that, 但是有两个并列的宾语从句时，第二个that 不能省略。
4. 宾语从句中的省略在含有表示坚持、命令、建议、要求等词语后面的名词性从句中使用should +动词原形。
表示虚拟语气5. 省略名词性从句或从句的部分用not ,so, neither, nor 替代四、动词不定式中省略to1. 当两个或两个以上的不定式并列时，第一个不定式带to, 后面的不定式结构可省去to.He told me to finish my homework and (to ) hand it in.2. 感官动词（词组）see, look at, hear, listen to , notice, watch 等和使役动词make, let , have等后面接不定式做宾补时要省略to; to 不可能省。
I saw him enter the room just mow. ( He was seen to enter the room k=just now.)3. 用作but 的宾语的不定式，but 前有动词to 的某种行驶时，后面的不定式要省略to.I can do nothing but wait.注意：如果不定式后接be 或完成式时，省略剧中往往保留be 或have.Are you a teacher in a university?No, but I wish to be (a teacher in a university)随堂专练:1.Tom wanted to play football with his friends in the street, but his father told him_____.A．not to B．not to do C．not do it D．do not to2.—Do you think Jack is going to watch a football match this weekend?—_____. I believe soA．I believe not B．I believe not so C．I don’t believe it D．I don't believe3.—What do you think made the girl so glad?—_____a beautiful necklace.A．As she received B．Receiving C．Received D．Because of receiving4. Father advised me not to say anything until _____ at the meeting.A．asking B．to ask C．asked D．ask5.—Have you watered the flowers?—No, but_____.A．I am B．I’m going C．I’m just going to D．I will go6. —He hasn’t gone to the office up to now.—Well, he_____.A．should B．ought to C．ought to go D．ought to have7.—The war is very likely to break out in the near future.—I _____, if the situation goes as it is.A．hope so B．hope not C．am afraid not D．am afraid so8.—You ought to have given them some advice.—_____, but who cared what I said?A．So ought you B．So I ought C．So I did D．So did you9. The man we followed suddenly stopped and looked as if _____.whether he was going in the right direction. A．seeing B．having seen C．to see D．to have seen10. _____.he come, the problem would be settled.A．Would B．Should C．Shall D．If11.—Can I see you at 3:00 pm next Monday?—I_____. I will have flown to New York long before then.A．am afraid not B．am afraid so C．am afraid to D．am afraid not to12. —Is that a book on farming? If so, I want to borrow_____.—Yes, it is.A．this B．it C．one D．the one13. _____, I will help you with your work.A．If am possible B．If it possible C．If possible D．Possible14.—How are you getting on with your work?—Oh, I’m sorry. Things aren’t going so well as_____.A．plans B．planning C．planned D．to plan15.—Are you a volunteer now?—No, but I _____. I worked for the City Sports Meeting last year.A．used to B．used to be C．used to do D．was used to综合专练：1.The boy wanted to ride his bike in the street, but his mother told him _____.A. not toB. not to doC. not do itD. do not to2.The traditional goal of science is to discover how things are, not how they ought ____.A. toB. to beC. beD. have been3.---Did you work in the lab every afternoon?---No, but sometimes, I wish I ____.A. had time toB. had time to doC. have time toD. have time 虚拟语气用过去表示现在4.---I hope the children won’t touch the dog.----I’ve warned them ____.A. notB. not toC. not touchD. not do5.Some students are going to China in summer vacation, and ____.并列句中的省略省略相同谓语going是谓语动词不是将来时to 是介词表示目的A.some are to AmericaB. some going to AmericaC. some to AmericaD. some America6.The workers did all ___ good care of the old man.A. they could to takeB. they could takeC. which they could to takeD. what they could to take7.Of all the things in the world, I think life and love are ____.A.very much preciousB. more than preciousC. the preciousestD. the most precious8.The photographs of other planets taken by satellite are clear than ___.A. the earthB. those taken from the earthC. those of the earthD. of the earth9.why ___? It is not very serious.A. to worryB. worryC. not worryD. you are worried10.___ the road, don’t forget to look both ways.A. As crossingB. While you crossC. While crossingD. Cross11.Chemistry is the science of substances ___ the science of energy.A. and is physicsB. or is physicsC. and physicsD. or physics is12. –Who broke the window?--- ____.A. HimB. HeC. He brokeD. It is him13.---Susan, go and join your sister cleaning the yard.--- Why ___? John is sitting there doing nothing.A. himB. heC. ID. me14.---How do you find your missing pen?----___.A.Quite by accidentB. I found it in my drawer.C. It writes wellD. It was well kept by myself.15.---You must obey every word of mine.----____ I don’t.?A. How ifB. What ifC. Such asD. Only if16.When ___, the museum will be open to the public next year.A. completedB. completingC. being completedD. to be completed17. The man we followed suddenly stopped and looked as if ____ whether he was going in the right direction.A. seeingB. having seenC. to have seenD. to see18.I won’t go to his party next time. It couldn’t have been ____ in fact.A. any betterB. any worseC. so badD. the best19. ---Does Bill do his new job well?---_____ his old job. I am afraid there is no hope for him.A. Not better thanB. No better thanC. Not so well asD. Not as well asA 前者不比后者好”，意味着“最多一样好”B “两者都不好”。
高考英语语法——省略无论在口语中还是在书面语中，有时为了讲话简洁或行文方便，常常在不影响文意的情况下将句子中的某些成分略去,这种现象称为省略。
纵观历年高考试题，”省略”在单项填空中频频出现.简单句中的省略1、省略主语祈使句中主语通常省略；其它省略主语多限于少数现成的说法。
（1）(I）Thank you for your help。
（2）（I) See you tomorrow.（3）(It）Doesn't matter.（4) （I）Beg your pardon。
2、省略主谓或主谓语的一部分(1）（There is）No smoking 。
(2）（Is there) Anything wrong ?(3) （Will you）Have a smoke ？（4) What/How （do you think) about a cup of tea ？(5) Why (do you）not say hello to him ？3、省略作宾语的不定式短语,只保留to，但如果该宾语是动词be或完成时态，则须在之后加上be或have：(1）–Are you going there？——Yes，I’d like to （go there）。
(2）He didn't give me the chance，though he had promised to (give me the chance）。
(3) –Are you an engineer? ——No，but I want to be。
（4）–He hasn’t finished the task yet. —-Well，he ought to have.4、省略表语（1) –Are you thirsty? ——Yes，I am （thirsty）。
（2）His brother isn’t lazy, nor is his sister (lazy）.5、同时省略几个成分（1）Let’s meet at the same place as （we met）yesterday。
省略句为了使话说得简明扼要，英语句子中某个单词、短语甚至从句或主句都可以省去。
Ⅰ、状语从句中的省略用法一、如果从句的主语和主句的主语一致，且从句的谓语含有be动词的某种形式（am/is/are/was/were），可同时省略从句的主语和be动词的某种形式。
1、when，while引导的时间状语从句e.g. Do be careful when (you are) crossing the street.When/While (I was) on my way to work, I met her.2、if，unless，once引导的条件状语从句e.g. If (it is) properly treated, waste will do no harm to the environment.I’ll not go to the party unless (I am) invited.Once (you are) caught stealing in a supermarket, you will be punished.3、though，although，whether，no matter whether/what/how/who等引导的让步状语从句e.g. He was happy, though/although (he was) poor.Whether (she is) sick or well, she is always cheerful.No matter how/However hard the task (is), we must fulfill it in time.（注：从句的主语和主句的主语不一致时，只省略从句中的be动词形式）4、as if，as though引导的方式状语从句e.g. He rubbed his eyes and yawned as if/though (he was) waking up after along sleep.He stood up as if/though (he wanted) to leave.（as if/though + to do表示一个将来的动作）二、than，as引导的比较状语从句中的省略用法：当不同的主语进行比较时，一般省略从句中的谓语；当从句中的主语与谓语（be动词除外）和主句中的主语与谓语相同时，通常省略从句中的主语和谓语，只保留比较部分。
高中语法解析定语从句的省略定语从句是英语语法中常见的句子结构，它能够用来修饰名词或代词。
在定语从句中，我们经常会遇到省略现象，即省略关系词或主语。
本文就定语从句中省略的相关问题进行解析和讨论。
一、省略关系词定语从句中的关系词通常包括关系代词和关系副词。
当主句和定语从句的主语或宾语相同，并且从句中的谓语动词是及物动词时，我们可以省略关系词。
例如：- This is the book (that/which) I borrowed from the library.（这是我从图书馆借的书。
）- The person (whom/who) I met yesterday is a famous writer.（我昨天见的那个人是一位著名作家。
）在这两个例句中，关系词“that/which”和“whom/who”可以省略，因为它们在从句中充当的角色与主句中的词相同。
二、省略主语当定语从句中的主语与主句中的主语相同，并且主语在定语从句中不是从句的主要讨论对象时，我们可以省略定语从句中的主语。
例如：- This is the girl (who/that) won the singing competition.（这是赢得歌唱比赛的女孩。
）- The car (which/that) I bought last year is now broken.（我去年买的那辆车现在坏了。
）在这两个例句中，关系词“who/that”和“which/that”可以省略，因为它们在从句中的主语与主句中的主语相同。
三、省略宾语当定语从句中的宾语与主句中的宾语相同，并且宾语在从句中不是从句的主要讨论对象时，我们可以省略定语从句中的宾语。
例如：- This is the book (which/that) I'm reading.（这是我正在阅读的书。
）- He showed me the picture (which/that) he took in Paris.（他给我看了他在巴黎拍的照片。
高中英语省略句莎士比亚曾经说过：Brevity is the soul of wit. （言以简为贵）。
为了使话说得简明扼要，英语句子中某个单词、短语甚至从句或主句都可以省去。
这种省去句子某些成分而保持句子意思不变的现象，称为省略（ellipsis）。
一、省略的目的省略多见于非正式的文体，尤其在对话中，省略是一种十分普遍的现象。
英语中的省略一般说来有三个目的：A．避免重复，减少累赘。
省略的主要目的是避免重复，去掉不必要的累赘和繁琐。
Mike said that he would come to school to see me the next day, but he didn't come to school to see me the next day. 迈克说他第二天要来学校看我，但是第二天他并没有来学校看我。
-- Mike said that he would come to school to see me the next day, but he didn't. 迈克说他第二天要来学校看我，但是他并没有来。
(省掉最后九个词，句子简洁多了)— What did he want yesterday 他昨天要了什么？— An apple. 一个苹果。
（如果回答时说出全文“He wanted an apple yesterday”，便显得别扭，不自然）B．连接紧密，结构紧凑。
省略也是使上下文紧密连接的一种修辞手段。
John was the winner in 1994 and Bob in 1998. 约翰是1994年的获胜者，鲍勃是1998年的获胜者。
（Bob后省略了was the winner，句子结构显得比较紧凑）In some places we stopped in tents for the night, in other places in caves. 我们在有些地方住在帐篷里过夜，在有些地方住在山洞里。
高中语法专题解析定语从句的省略定语从句是高中语法中一个重要的主题，它在句子中充当修饰成分，用来对主语、宾语或其他名词进行限定或修饰。
而在定语从句中，有时候可以省略一些成分，使句子更加简洁明了。
本文将对定语从句的省略进行深入的解析和讨论。
一、定语从句的基本概念和结构定语从句是由关系词引导的从句，修饰一个名词或代词。
一般包括关系词（如 that, who, whom, which, whose, when, where等）和从句主干两个部分。
例如：1. This is the book (that) I borrowed from the library.这是我从图书馆借来的书。
2. The student (who) I met yesterday is very smart.我昨天遇到的那个学生非常聪明。
3. Do you know the girl (whom) I was talking to?你知道我正在和那个女孩交谈的吗？从以上例子可以看出，定语从句的结构一般是：关系词 + 句子。
二、省略定语从句的情况在定语从句中，有时可以省略关系词或从句主干，使句子简洁明了，但省略规则需要根据具体情况而定。
下面将列举常见的省略情况，并且针对每种情况进行详细解析。
1. 关系代词的省略当关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时，且从句主语与先行词一致时，可以省略关系代词。
例如：1. I have a car (that) I bought last year.我有一辆是我去年买的车。
2. He is the teacher (whom) I respect.他是我尊敬的那位老师。
通过上面的例子，我们可以看到当关系代词作宾语且从句主语与先行词一致时，可以将关系代词省略，这样可以使句子更加简洁。
2. 关系副词的省略关系副词有 when, where, why等，当关系从句中的谓语动词是不及物动词或介词短语时，可以省略关系副词。
高中语法解析宾语从句的省略与替代宾语从句作为复合句中的一种特殊结构，起到连接主句和宾语从句的作用。
在宾语从句中，我们常常可以观察到省略和替代的现象。
本文将对这两种现象进行细致解析，帮助同学们更好地掌握宾语从句的用法。
一、宾语从句的省略1. 主句和从句有相同的主语当主句和从句有相同的主语时，宾语从句中的主语可以省略。
例如：我希望你能帮助我完成这个任务。
我希望你能帮助我。
这个例子中，宾语从句"你能帮助我"和主句的主语"我"相同，所以可以将宾语从句中的主语"你"省略。
2. 宾语从句中的动词与主句相同当宾语从句中的动词与主句相同，并且从句的其他部分完整时，可以省略宾语从句中的重复部分。
例如：他说他喜欢唱歌和跳舞。
他说喜欢唱歌和跳舞。
这个例子中，宾语从句"他喜欢唱歌和跳舞"中的动词"喜欢"与主句的动词"说"相同，所以可以省略宾语从句中的重复部分"他"。
3. 宾语从句中的某些成分可省略当宾语从句中的某些成分在语境中已经明确的情况下，可以省略。
例如：我不知道他们为什么要离开。
我不知道为什么要离开。
在这个例子中，宾语从句"他们为什么要离开"中的"他们"在语境中已经明确，所以可以省略。
二、宾语从句的替代除了省略，宾语从句还可以通过替代的方式来表达。
常见的替代方式包括使用代词、副词等。
1. 使用代词替代宾语从句在宾语从句中，我们可以使用代词来替代从句。
例如：我听说他会来。
我听说他会。
这个例子中，宾语从句"他会来"中的"他"已经被代词"他"替代。
2. 使用副词替代宾语从句当宾语从句中包含时间、地点、方式等信息时，我们可以使用副词来替代。
例如：我不知道他去哪里了。
我不知道他去了哪里。
高中英语语法省略句与there be句型知识点讲解练习考点清单1.省略句★宾语从句中的省略在两个或两个以上的并列宾语从句中,第一个连词that可省略,其余的则不可省略;在形容词sure,glad,certain,happy等后所接的宾语从句中,连词that可省略。
He said (that) he felt happy and that he decided to stay here another week.I am very happy (that) I have passed the driving test.★定语从句中的省略可以省略作宾语的关系代词。
The first thing (that) I’m going to do is take a long vacation!★状语从句中的省略在表示时间、条件、地点、比较、方式或让步的状语从句中,如果谓语动词是be,从句的主语和主句的主语一致,或主语是it时,常省略主语和部分谓语。
Once (they are) injured,they must be sent to hospital.Make some changes when (it is) necessary.The host of the meeting hurried away as if (he was) angry.2.there be句型★there be句型的时态变化There is a tall tree in front of the classroom.(一般现在时)There was a concert at the National Theatre last night.(一般过去时)There will be a meeting in the lecture room tomorrow morning.(一般将来时) He said that there was going to be an English contest the next Friday.(过去将来时)There have been no letters from my parents since I left home two years ago.(现在完成时)★there be句型的其他形式(1)There must be...肯定有……There ca n’t be...不可能有……(2)There may be...可能有……There used to be...曾经有过……(3)There must/may have been...肯定/可能已经有过……(4)There ought to be....应该有……(5)There be likely to be...可能有……(6)There happens/happened to be...碰巧有……(7) There appears/appeared/seems/seemed to be...似乎有……There may be/is likely to be a foreign film at the cinema this evening.There can be no doubt about this case.★there lie/exist...句型除了be以外,下列表示存在概念的不及物动词stand/lie/live/happen/remain/exist等,也可以用于there be句型。
省略省略的使用主要是为了避免重复。
句子中的某个词、短语甚至整个从句都可以省略。
严格来说，凡是省略的成分都可以被添补出来，使省略句变成完整的句子。
省略可以使语言简洁、紧凑、重点突出、表达有力，原则是不损害结构、不引起歧义。
一、功能词的省略没有意义的功能词如冠词、介词、助动词等，常被省略。
（1）冠词的省略：两个并列名词前面的都有冠词时，第二个名词前的冠词常可以被省略Is the baby a boy or (a) girl?但若省略了第二个冠词后会误认为是同一个人或物时，就不可省略They are the gardener and the gatekeeper.as 引导的让步状语从句中，当作表语的名词提前时，冠词要省略。
Child as he is, he knows a lot.（2）介词的省略：Of在与age，size，colour，height，shape等名词连用时可以省略。
The two pairs of shoes are (of) the same size.一些固定结构中，介词常被省略：be busy/occupied (in) doing sth.have trouble/difficulty/fun (in) doing sth.spend one’s time (in) doing sth.There is no use/point/sense (in) doing sth.stop/ prevent …(from) doing sth.二、基本句子种类的省略1. 陈述句中的省略（1）句子成分的省略为了避免重复或是使句子更简洁，在不引起歧义的情况下，常把某些成分省略，构成省略结构。
(I) Beg your pardon for what I did.（我）请你原谅我做的事。
（省略主语）Some of us study English, others (study) French.我们中有些人学习英语，有些人学习法语。
（省略谓语）The little girl is eating (food).这个小女孩在吃东西。
（省略宾语）（2）年龄和钟点等的省略。
主要省去年龄或者钟点的相关名词。
He is thirty (years old). 他二十（岁）了。
It is five (o’clock). 现在五点（钟）了。
（3）名词所有格后面的名词，如果是表示住宅、店铺、教堂或者上下文已经暗示或明确指出过的事物时常省略。
Jack and his sister stayed in his uncle’s (home) during the summer vacation.The girl’s handwriting is much better than her brother’s (handwriting).（4）标签、新闻标题、说明书等要求简练醒目，需要根据上下文推敲其省略部分。
No smoking=No smoking is allowed here.Do not bend=Do not bend the envelope.Opera Ok, costumes great=The opera was ok, and the costumes were great.（5）答句的省略。
—Which language are you studying? —(I’m studying) Chinese.—Are you a student? —Yes，I am (a student).（6）并列句中，省略相同的成分。
This beeper works well, but that one doesn’t (work well)I’m willing to meet her when (she likes) and where she likes.2. 疑问句中的省略（1）在一般疑问句中，可部分省略主语、助动词，使问句更简洁明了。
(Do you) Mind if I sit down?(Is there) Anything else?(Have you) Been here before?(I beg your) Pardon?（2）在特殊疑问句中，多进行一些次重省略，也就是在某些特殊疑问句中，将次重要部分省略，以突出重点。
常见的是why not do?或why do?Why (do) not (you do that)?Why (do) not (you) join us?3. 祈使句中的省略，常省略主语you。
(You) Open this window.(You) Don’t give up when you meet with trouble.4. 感叹句中的省略，常对非感叹部分进行省略，即突出感叹的部分，省去非感叹的部分。
What a lovely autumn day (it is)!How amazing (it is)!三、比较结构的省略在“the+比较级，the+比较级”结构中，可以省略其余部分。
由than和as引导的比较句式中的承前部分也可省略。
The sooner (you do it), the better (it will be).He is cleverer than any other boy (is).He is not so busy as he was (busy) last year.四、不定式的省略1. 如果句子前面出现过同样的动词，为了避免重复，句子后面的不定式常省略动词原形，而保留不定式符号to，如果不定式中含有be，have，have been时，通常保留be，have和have been。
They may go if they wish to (go).The child wanted to play in the street, but her mother told her not to (play in the street).—Are you a sailor? —No, but I used to be.—He hasn’t finished yet. —Well, he ought to have.2. 在动词expect, forget, hope, intend, like, love, mean, would like, agree, prefer, refuse, seem, try, want, wish等后边跟动词不定式作宾语时，不定式承前时省略动词原形只保留不定式符号to。
I asked him to see the film, but he didn’t want to (see the film).—Will you go to the cinema with me? —Well, I’d like to (go with you).3. 在某些形容词，如glad, happy, pleased, willing, eager, delighted等后面，承前时省略动词原形，只保留不定式符号to。
—Will you join in the game? —I’d be glad to (join in the game).4. 有些动词，比如tell, ask, allow, expect, force, invite, permit, persuade, order, warn, wish, would like等后跟动词不定式作宾语补足语、主语补足语时，不定式承前省略动词原形，保留动词不定式符号to。
He didn’t come, though we had invited him to (come).5. believe, find, think, feel, consider, imagine, prove等后作宾补的结构to be+n. /adj.中的to be可以省略。
I consider him (to be) lazy.His mother found him (to be) a clever boy.6. 感官动词see, watch, notice, observe, look at, hear, listen to, feel以及使役动词let, make, have后作宾补的动词不定式中的不定式符号to要省略，但变为被动结构时，to必须保留。
I saw the girl cross the street. The girl was seen to cross the street.7. 并列结构中为了避免重复，省略第二个不定式中的to，但两个不定式有对照或对比的意义时，后一个to不可省略。
I’m really puzzled how to think or say.I came not to scold but to praise you.8. 作为介词but, except, besides等后的宾语，前面出现了实义动词do的某种形式时，常省略不定式符号to，否则要带toWe have nothing to do now but wait.I have no choice but to accept the fact.can’t help but do sth.9. 主语部分有to do或者暗含to do，且谓语动词是is或was时，作为表语的不定式通常省去to。
The only thing you have to do is press the button.All I want (to do) is go to school and study hard.五、主从复合句的省略1. 名词性从句中的省略（1）在that引导的宾语从句中，通常可省略第一个that，其余的不能省。
The girls told him (that) they were on a train trip across Canada and that they had only one day in Montreal.I’m sure (that) you will win the game.（2）在which, when, where, how和why引导的宾语从句中，常可省略与主句相同的部分，仅保留一个连词。
My teacher will go to London, but I don’t know when (he will go to London).She can’t come, but is don’t know why (she can’t come).（3）在对话中，答语有时是一个包含宾语从句的复合句，尤其以I’m afraid, I think, I believe, I hope, I guess, I expect, I suppose等开头的答句中，后面常用so、not或其他方式来省略上文或替代问句中的一部分或整个句子。
