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I (+1* +1)(+—1)第四章思考题与习题1. 移动通信对调制技术的要求有哪些？在移动通信中，由于信号传播的条件恶劣和快衰落的影响， 接收信号的幅度会发生急剧 的变化。
因此，在移动通信中必须采用一些抗干扰性能强、误码性能好、频谱利用率高的调 制技术，尽可能地提高单位频带内传输数据的比特速率以适用于移动通信的要求。
具体要求：① 抗干扰性能要强，如采用恒包络角调制方式以抗严重的多径衰落影响；② 要尽可能地提高频谱利用率；③ 占用频带要窄，带外辐射要小；④ 在占用频带宽的情况下，单位频谱所容纳的用户数要尽可能多；⑤ 同频复用的距离小；⑥ 具有良好的误码性能；⑦ 能提供较高的传输速率，使用方便，成本低。
2. 已调信号的带宽是如何定义的？信号带宽的定义通常都是基于信号功率谱密度 (PSD)的某种度量，对于已调(带通)信 号，它的功率谱密度与基带信号的功率谱密度有关。
假设一个基带信号：s(t) =Re{g(t)exp(j2二仁切其中的g(t)是基带信号，设g(t)的功率谱密度为P g (f)，则带通信号的功率谱密度如下：P s (f )二1 P g (f - f c ) P g (-f - f c )l 4信号的绝对带宽定义为信号的非零值功率谱在频率上占据的范围； 最为简单和广泛使用的带宽度量是零点-零点带宽；半功率带宽定义为功率谱密度下降到一半时或者比峰值低 3dB 时的频率范围；联邦通信委员会 (FCC)采纳的定义为占用频带内有信号功率的99%。
3. QPS K 、OQPSK 的星座图和相位转移图有何差异？如图所示QPSK相位星座图OPSK相位星座图QPSK信号的相位有90°突变和180°突变。
OQPSK信号的相位只有90°跳变，而没有180°的相位跳变。
4. QPSK和OQPSK的最大相位变化量分别为多少？各自有哪些优缺点？OPSK的最大相位变化量为1800, OPSK最大相位变化量为900。
如题图所示为一长方形截面的导体槽，槽可视为无限长，其上有一块与槽相绝缘的盖板，槽的电位为零，上边盖板的电位为，求槽内的电位函数。
解根据题意，电位满足的边界条件为①②③根据条件①和②，电位的通解应取为题图由条件③，有两边同乘以，并从0到对积分，得到故得到槽内的电位分布两平行无限大导体平面，距离为，其间有一极薄的导体片由到。
上板和薄片保持电位，下板保持零电位，求板间电位的解。
设在薄片平面上，从到，电位线性变化，。
题图解应用叠加原理，设板间的电位为其中，为不存在薄片的平行无限大导体平面间（电压为）的电位，即；是两个电位为零的平行导体板间有导体薄片时的电位，其边界条件为：①②③根据条件①和②，可设的通解为由条件③有两边同乘以，并从0到对积分，得到故得到求在上题的解中，除开一项外，其他所有项对电场总储能的贡献。
并按定出边缘电容。
解在导体板（）上，相应于的电荷面密度则导体板上（沿方向单位长）相应的总电荷相应的电场储能为其边缘电容为如题图所示的导体槽，底面保持电位，其余两面电位为零，求槽内的电位的解。
解根据题意，电位满足的边界条件为①题图②③根据条件①和②，电位的通解应取为由条件③，有两边同乘以，并从0到对积分，得到故得到槽内的电位分布为一长、宽、高分别为、、的长方体表面保持零电位，体积内填充密度为的电荷。
求体积内的电位。
解在体积内，电位满足泊松方程（1）长方体表面上，电位满足边界条件。
由此设电位的通解为代入泊松方程（1），可得由此可得或（2）由式（2），可得故如题图所示的一对无限大接地平行导体板，板间有一与轴平行的线电荷，其位置为。
求板间的电位函数。
解由于在处有一与轴平行的线电荷，以为界将场空间分割为和两个区域，则这两个区域中的电位和都满足拉普拉斯方程。
而在的分界面上，可利用函数将线电荷表示成电荷面密度。
电位的边界条件为题图①②③由条件①和②，可设电位函数的通解为由条件③，有（1）（2）由式（1），可得（3）将式（2）两边同乘以，并从到对积分，有（4）由式（3）和（4）解得故如题图所示的矩形导体槽的电位为零，槽中有一与槽平行的线电荷。
《卫生法律制度与监督学》期末复习题及答案一．选择题1. 下面有关卫生监督程序的说法错误的是：CE) p lllA. 卫生监督程序有卫生法律规范所规定B. 制定法典式的卫生监督程序法，对监督行为做一般性规定C. 卫生监督是卫生监督主体行使职权并针对相对人的具体、直接的活动D. 卫生监督程序可以缓解和平衡卫生行政管理法律关系主体双方的矛盾E. 卫生监督程序的基本功能包括平衡功能、监督功能、保障功能及执行功能2. 行政程序包含了哪些要素构成的行为过程?CE) PlllA.形式B.方法C.步骤D.顺序E.以上都是3. 关于卫生监督程序的特征，正确的是(A)p lllA. 法定性、有序性、制约性B. 法定性、有序性、行政性C. 法定性、有序性、技术性D.有序性、制约性、行政性E. 有序性、制约性、技术性4. 下列不属于卫生监督程序的公开原则的是?(B) P112A.告知程序B.辩论程序C.说明理由程序D.咨询程序5. 下列不属于卫生监督程序的基本原则的是?(D) P112A.程序公正原则B.公开原则C.相对人参与原则D.以事实为依据的原则6. 卫生执法人员在作出与自己有利害关系的具体行政行为时应主动回避属于卫生监督程序的？CA) P112A.程序公正原则B.公开原则C.相对人参与原则D.效率原则7. 程序公正原则不包括(A) P112A.参与程序B.回避程序、调查程序C. 合议程序D. 辩论程序8. 卫生执法人员在做出与自己利害关系的具体行政行为时应主动回避，体现了卫生监督程序的哪项原则(C)P112A、公开原则B、相对人参与原则C、程序公正原则D、效率原则9. 下列哪项不是卫生监督程序的基本原则?(D) P112A. 程序公正原则B.公开原则C.相对人参与原则D.平衡原则10. 卫生监督程序的基本功能，下列哪项是正确的(A)Pl13A、平衡功能、监督功能、保障功能B、调节功能、监督功能、保障功能C、平衡功能、督查功能、保障功能D、调节功能、监督功能、保证功能11. 卫生监督机构能够防止卫生监督员的哪些行为(E)Pl13A失职B越权C滥用职权D违法 E.ABC12. 下列不属于卫生监督程序的基本功能的是?(D) P113A. 平衡功能B. 监督功能C. 保障功能D. 教育功能13. 申请材料不齐全或者不符合法定形式的，应当场或者在一一一一一一一一日内出具申请材料补正通知书？(B) P114A. 3B.5C.7D. 1514. 下列哪项不是卫生行政许可的步骤和过程CE)pll4A申请B审查C听证D决定E提取15. 卫生行政许可申请材料更正，需要(E天内出具申请材料补正通知书。
6-1-4《平⾯连杆机构》习题及答案（四）6-1-4《平⾯连杆机构》练习题（四）?班级姓名学号⼀、填空题：1、平⾯连杆机构是由⼀些刚性构件⽤副和副相互联接⽽组成的机构。
2、平⾯连杆机构能实现⼀些较复杂的运动。
3、当平⾯四杆机构中的运动副都是副时，就称之为铰链四杆机构；它是其他多杆机构的。
4、按接触形式分，铰链四杆机构运动副的接触形式是副接触。
在铰链四杆机构中，能绕机架上的铰链作整周的叫曲柄。
5、在铰链四杆机构中，能绕机架上的铰链在的杆叫摇杆。
6、平⾯四杆机构的两个连架杆，可以有⼀个是，另⼀个是，也可以两个都是或都是。
7、平⾯四杆机构有三种基本形式，即机构、机构和机构。
8、组成曲柄摇杆机构的条件是：最短杆与最长杆的长度之和或其他两杆的长度之和；最短杆的相邻构件为，则最短杆为。
9、在曲柄摇杆机构中，如果将杆作为机架，则与机架相连的两杆都可以作运动，即得到双曲柄机构。
10、在机构中，如果将杆对⾯的杆作为机架时，则与此相连的两杆均为摇杆，即是双摇杆机构。
11、在机构中，最短杆与最长杆的长度之和其余两杆的长度之和时，则不论取哪个杆作为，都可以组成双摇杆机构。
12、曲柄滑块机构是由曲柄摇杆机构的长度趋向⽽演变来的。
13、导杆机构可看做是由改变曲柄滑块机构中的⽽演变来的。
14、将曲柄滑块机构的改作固定机架时，可以得到导杆机构。
15、曲柄摇杆机构产⽣“死点”位置的条件是：摇杆为件，曲柄为件或者是把运动转换成运动。
16、曲柄摇杆机构出现急回运动特性的条件是：摇杆为件，曲柄为件或者是把运动转换成。
17、曲柄摇杆机构的不等于00，则急回特性系数就，机构就具有急回特性。
18、实际中的各种形式的四杆机构，都可看成是由改变某些构件的、或选择不同构件作为等⽅法所得到的铰链四杆机构的演化形式。
19、若以曲柄滑块机构的曲柄为主动件时，可以把曲柄的运动转换成滑块的运动。
20、若以曲柄滑块机构的滑块为主动件时，在运动过程中有“死点”位置。
第四章微生物的营养和培养基A部分习题一、选择题1. 大多数微生物的营养类型属于：（）A. 光能自养B. 光能异养C. 化能自养D. 化能异养2. 蓝细菌的营养类型属于：（）A．光能自养 B. 光能异养C．化能自养 D. 化能异养3. 碳素营养物质的主要功能是：（）A. 构成细胞物质B. 提供能量C. A，B 两者4. 占微生物细胞总重量70%-90% 以上的细胞组分是：（）A. 碳素物质B. 氮素物质C. 水5. 能用分子氮作氮源的微生物有：（）A. 酵母菌B. 蓝细菌C. 苏云金杆菌6. 腐生型微生物的特征是：（）A. 以死的有机物作营养物质B. 以有生命活性的有机物作营养物质C. A，B 两者7. 自养型微生物和异养型微生物的主要差别是：（）A. 所需能源物质不同B. 所需碳源不同C. 所需氮源不同8. 基团转位和主动运输的主要差别是：（）A. 运输中需要各种载体参与B. 需要消耗能量C. 改变了被运输物质的化学结构9. 单纯扩散和促进扩散的主要区别是：（）A. 物质运输的浓度梯度不同B. 前者不需能量，后者需要能量C. 前者不需要载体，后者需要载体10. 微生物生长所需要的生长因子（生长因素）是：（）A. 微量元素B. 氨基酸和碱基C. 维生素D. B，C二者11. 培养基中使用酵母膏主要为微生物提供：（）A. 生长因素B. C 源C. N 源12. 细菌中存在的一种主要运输方式为：（）A. 单纯扩散B. 促进扩散C. 主动运输D. 基团转位13. 微生物细胞中的C素含量大约占细胞干重的：（）A. 10%B. 30%C. 50%D.70%14. 用牛肉膏作培养基能为微生物提供：（）A. C 源B. N 源C. 生长因素D. A，B，C 都提供15. 缺少合成氨基酸能力的微生物称为：（）A. 原养型B. 野生型C. 营养缺陷型二、是非题1. 最常用的固体培养基的凝固剂是琼脂。
2. 大多数微生物可以合成自身所需的生长因子，不必从外界摄取。
项目三施工企业会计核算练习与实训题目及答案一、单项选择题1.施工企业工地现场露天堆放的砖、砂、石料等，发出材料凭证一般用（）。
A．领料单 B．大堆材料耗用计算单C．限额领料单 D．集中配料耗用计算单答案: B2.施工企业购进材料发生合理损耗，应（）A．计入“采购保管费” B．向保险公司索赔C．不作账务处理，调整单位成本即可 D．作“营业外支出”答案: C3.施工企业使用自有施工机械和运输设备进行机械作业所发生的各项费用,应通过( )账户进行归集。
A.工程施工B.机械作业C.辅助生产D.施工间接费用答案: B4.建筑施工企业在工程成本核算方面设置的账户为 ( )。
A. 合同履约成本B.物资采购C.临时设施D.工程结算答案: A5.施工企业的临时设施清理应通过( )账户核算。
A.临时设施清理B.待处理财产损溢C.在建工程D.固定资产清理答案: A6.施工企业( )账户的构成与工业企业制造费用账户相似。
B.机械作业C.工业生产D.施工间接费用答案: D7.甲施工企业A工程领用一批钢模板，成本100 000元，预计可使用10次，预计净残值为5%，本月使用2次，则本月该周转材料摊销额为（）元。
A．20 000 B．19 000 C．17 000 D．10 000答案: B8.施工企业临时设施属于（）。
A．流动资产 B．固定资产 C．无形资产 D．其他资产答案: D9.施工企业临时设施维修费用属于（）。
A．直接费用 B．间接费用 C．基本直接费 D．其他直接费答案: D10.甲乙双方签定一项总价5000万的建造合同，工期三年。
第一年实际发生合同成本1600万，第二年实际发生合同成本1920万，第二年末预计完成合同尚需发生成本480万元。
则该项目到第二年末止的履约进度为（）。
A．60% B．70% C．88% D．90% 答案: C11.某施工企业本月实际发生挖掘机的机械使用费30 000元，共50个台班。
其中甲工程30个台班，乙工程20个台班，则甲工程应分摊的机械使用费是（）元。
第四章管理的基本方法一、复习要点1、管理的法律方法的内容与实质、特点与作用，如何正确运用法律方法？。
2、管理的行政方法的内容与实质、特点与作用，如何正确运用行政方法？。
3、管理的经济方法的内容与实质、特点，如何正确运用经济方法？4、管理的教育方法的任务与实质、特点、如何正确运用教育方法（教育方法的应用方式）？5、管理的技术方法的内容与实质、特点与作用，如何正确运用技术方法？关键名词：管理方法(法律方法、行政方法、经济方法、教育方法、技术方法)、管理哲学(管理辩证法、管理认识论、管理文化、管理价值观)。
二、习题之填充题1.作为管理方法体系前提的是管理方法论，也就是管理哲学问题。
2.管理哲学由管理辩证法，管理认识论，管理文化，管理的科学价值观这些方面构成。
3.管理方法一般可分为法律方法，行政方法，经济方法，教育方法，技术方法。
4.管理的经济方法的实质是围绕着物质利益，运用各种经济手段处理好国家、集体与个人三者之间的经济关系。
5.经济仲裁分为经济合同仲裁和涉外仲裁。
6.按照管理对象的范围，管理方法可以分成宏观管理方法，微观管理方法，中观管理方法。
7.按照运用方法的量化程度，管理方法可以划分为定性方法和定量方法。
8.建立健全各种法律法规，最根本的一点是要遵循事物自身的客观规律。
9.行政方法是只依靠组织的权威，运用各种行政手段，按照行政系统和层次，以权威和服从为前提，直接指挥下属工作的管理方法。
10.奖励与惩罚最重要的是要严明。
三、习题之选择题1.下列关于法律方法，说法正确的是（D ）。
A.仲裁是一种司法活动，其判定可以强制执行；B.法律方法只有积极作用，不存在消极影响；C.就企业管理而言，只要掌握与企业生产经营活动直接相关的法律就可以了；D.法律具有严肃性。
2.行政方法的运用，一般是（A ）。
A.自上而下B.自下而上C.横向D.纵横结合.3.下列说法中正确的是（A ）。
A.行政方法的管理效果与领导者水平无关；B.经济方法的运用由于借助了职位的权力，因此对下属来说有较强的约束力；C.法律方法要求有一个灵敏、有效的信息管理系统；D.行政方法的运用有助于组织内部统一目标。
第七章国际直接投资(练习)一、本章要义练习说明：请结合学习情况在以下段落空白处填充适当的文字，使上下文合乎逻辑。
国际直接投资是指投资者跨越（1）——，通过（2）——等手段，以掌握和控制国外企业经营活动从而谋取利润的一种投资活动。
国际直接投资的基本方式有两种：合营（资）和独资，每一种方式又可细分出不同的组织形式来。
合营方式主要有两种：（3）——和（4）——。
在我国，通常将前者称为合营企业，而将后者称为合作企业。
（5）——企业是国际上通行的现代企业模式，包括（6）——和（7）——两种形式。
前者是指注册资本由（8）——股份构成，通过发行（9）——（或股权证）等筹集资本，股东以其所认购的（10）——对公司承担（11）——责任，公司以其全部资本对其债务承担（12）——责任的企业法人。
后者是指由两个以上的股东，以其所认缴的（13）——对公司承担（14）——责任，公司以其全部资产对其债务承担（15）——责任的企业法人。
契约式合营是对外直接投资中一种重要的方式。
在我国。
（16）——具体是指由中国企业或其他经济组织与外国企业、其他经济组织或个人在中国境内以实施联合经营为目的，双方以平等的地位通过签订合约，明确双方权利和义务、履行合同规定条款而产生的经济组织。
中外合作企业既可以作为企业法人、负有限责任，也可以不是法人，类似于国外的合伙企业。
独资企业是指一国投资者（公司、企业、其他经济组织或个人）按照东道国法律，经政府批准，在境内单独投资、独立经营、自负盈亏的一种国际直接投资方式。
独资企业基本形式主要有两种：一种是（17）——，另外一种为（18）——。
后一种分支机构在法律上、经济上没有独立性，仅仅是母公司的附属机构。
选择合营方式还是合作方式，或者是独资方式，对于跨国投资者、东道国政府与企业而言，各有利弊。
各国政府对国际直接投资的态度迥然不同。
发展中国家在保护民族工业、核心资源的前提下，引导外资进入到一些鼓励发展的行业。
一、单选题（每题2分，共20分）1. 劳动关系协调员的职业道德要求包括以下哪项？A. 忠诚企业，维护企业利益B. 公正公平，尊重劳动者权益C. 熟练掌握劳动法律法规D. 以上都是答案：B2. 劳动合同中，以下哪项不属于必备条款？A. 工作内容B. 工作地点C. 劳动者姓名D. 试用期答案：D3. 以下哪项不属于劳动争议调解的原则？A. 公正、公平B. 自愿、平等C. 保密、及时D. 违法、违规答案：D4. 集体合同签订后，以下哪项说法不正确？A. 集体合同具有法律效力B. 集体合同与劳动合同具有同等法律效力C. 集体合同优先于劳动合同D. 集体合同与劳动合同不一致时，以劳动合同为准答案：D5. 劳动者因工负伤，以下哪项说法不正确？A. 用人单位应当承担工伤责任B. 劳动者享有工伤保险待遇C. 劳动者不能要求用人单位支付赔偿金D. 劳动者可以要求用人单位支付一次性工伤医疗补助金答案：C6. 以下哪项不属于劳动保障法规定的劳动者权益？A. 工资支付B. 工作时间C. 休息休假D. 离职经济补偿答案：D7. 劳动争议仲裁委员会的仲裁裁决书生效后，当事人应当履行仲裁裁决。
以下哪项说法不正确？A. 当事人应当自觉履行仲裁裁决B. 当事人可以申请人民法院强制执行C. 当事人可以向劳动争议仲裁委员会申请撤销仲裁裁决D. 当事人可以向劳动争议仲裁委员会申请变更仲裁裁决答案：D8. 以下哪项不属于劳动标准实施管理的内容？A. 制定劳动标准B. 宣传劳动标准C. 实施劳动标准D. 评估劳动标准答案：D9. 员工申诉与劳动争议处理中，以下哪项说法不正确？A. 员工可以向用人单位提出申诉B. 员工可以向劳动保障部门投诉C. 员工可以向人民法院提起诉讼D. 员工申诉与劳动争议处理应当保密答案：D10. 以下哪项不属于劳动关系协调员的工作职责？A. 协调劳动关系B. 指导企业制定劳动规章制度C. 参与劳动争议调解D. 参与企业人事管理答案：D二、判断题（每题2分，共10分）1. 劳动关系协调员应当具备良好的职业道德。
《组织学与胚胎学》习题与答案四单项选择题11.The basic tissues of the body include all of the following EXCEPTA.epitheliumB.lymphoid tissueC.connective tissueD.muscle tissueE.nervous tissue2. All of the following are features of epithelium EXCEPTA.more cells and less intercellular substanceB.cells are tightly joined with an very narrow intercellular spaceC.have free surface and basal surfaceD.rich in capillaries and nerve endingsE.cover the external and internal surface of the body3.Simple squamous epithelium is lining of the all following structures EXCEPT theA.blood vesselsB.peritoneal cavityC.pulmonary alveoliD.lymphatic vesselsE.stomach4.Simple squamous epithelium relates to all of the following EXCEPT theA.surface of the heartB.endotheliumC.mesotheliumD.parietal layer of renal capsuleE.luminar surface of the small intestine5.Simple cuboidal epithelium covers the surface of theA.thyroid folliclesB.intestineC.uterusD.pulmonary alveoliE.cornea6.Simple columnar epithelium is lining of theA.respiratory passagesB.seminiferous tubulesC.uretersD.uterusE.proximal tubules in kidney7.Which is NOT a characteristic of the pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium?A.It consists mainly of 4 types of cellsB.Only the columnar cells rest on the besement membraneC.Columnar cells have ciliaD.Goblet cells secrete mucusE.It lines respiratory passages8.Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium is present in theA.esophagusB.thyroidC.intestineD.skinE.urinary bladder9.Which of the following descriptions relates to the cilium?A.9+2 microtubulesB.MicrofilamentsC.Brush-like borderD.Cell coat on the surfaceE.Connected to the terminal web10.In the core of microvilli there are someA.microfilamentsB.microtubulesC.intermediate filamentsD.tonofilamentsE.myofilaments11.Function of the microvilli is toA.remove small particles on the surfaceB.increase adhesion between adjacent cellsC.increase absorptive areamunicate adjacent cellsE.increase permeability12.DesmosomeA.is a specialization at the basal surface of epitheliumB.is belt-shapedC.is particularly well-developed in the epidermisD.is composed of the basal lamina and the reticular laminaE.serves as a semi-permeable membrane13.The connexon of gap junction refer to all the following descriptions EXCEPTA.a bridging structure spans the adjacent cellular membranesB.consists of six sub-units of proteinC.the sub-units arrange around a central channelD.adjacent cells communicate through the central channelsE.increases the absorptive area14.Which of the following descriptions is NOT true of the basement membrane?A.A member of the junctional complexB.Located between epithelium and underlying connective tissueC.Consists of the basal lamina and the reticular laminaD.Positive staining with PASE.Observed with silver stain15.The structure of 9+2 microtubules is seen in theA.villusB.microvillusC.ciliumD.brush-like borderE.centriole16.Gap junction refers to all the following descriptions EXCEPTA.often located in the deep part of the lateral surface between adjacent epithelial cellsB.there is a narrow intercellular spaceC.there is an intermediate line in the intercellular spaceD.a bridging structure spans the adjacent cellular membranesE.it transfers the impulses and passes ions and small molecules17.Which of the following is NOT related to desmosomes?A.Relatively wide intercellular spaceB.Intermediate lineC.Electron dense attachment plaqueD.Terminal webE.Hairpin loop-like filaments18.Secretions of endocrine gland are usuallyA.released into nearby vascular supplyB.released into simple ductsC.stored within cellsD.released into branched ductsE.released into alveolus19.Which is NOT a function of epithelium?A.Absorption and secretionB.Transport and excretionC.ProtectionD.Sensory receptionE.Nutrition20.The transitional epithelium exists in theA.urethraB.urinary bladderC.esophagusD.stomachE.transitional portion between uterus and vagina21.The characteristics of connective tissue are all of the following EXCEPTA.a small number of cells and a large amount of intercellular substanceB.the cells possess free surface and basal surfaceC.it contains blood and lymphatic vessels, nervesD.functions of support, connection, nutrition and defenseE.none of the above22.Which of the following does NOT belong to connective tissue?A.Reticular tissueB.Osseous tissueC.Cartilage tissueD.Lymphoid tissueE.Blood23.Which of the following belongs to connective tissue proper?A.Cartilage tissueB.Nerve tissueC.Muscle tissueD.Lymphoid tissueE.Adipose tissue24.All of followings are components of loose connective tissue EXCEPTA.collagenous fibersB.elastic fibersC.goblet cellsD.fibroblastsE.macrophages25.All of following characteristics belong to the reticular fiber EXCEPTA.with a surface coat of carbohydratesposition of elastin and microfibrilsC.positive staining of PASD.argyrophilicE.periodic cross-bandings in EM26.Which of the followings does NOT show periodic cross-banding?A.Fibrils in collagenous fiberB.Microfibrils in elastic fiberC.Reticular fiberD.Skeletal muscle fiberE.Cardiac muscle fiber27.The elastic fibersA.consist of elastin and microfibrilsB.consist of fibrilsC.are PAS positiveD.are argyrophilicE.show periodic cross-bandings in EM28.Which type of fibers can NOT be seen in H&E stained sections?A.Skeletal muscle fiberB.Smooth muscle fiberC.Reticular fiberD.Cardiac muscle fiberE.Collagenous fiber29.Which is NOT true of ground substance in loose connective tissue?A.Jelly-like and amorphousB.Collagenous fibers are main componentC.Consists of proteoglycans & glycoproteinsD.Forms a molecular sieveE.Acts as a barrier to spread of microorganisms30.The commonest cells in loose connective tissue is theA.mast cellsB.undifferentiated cellsC.macrophagesD.fibroblastsE.plasma cells31.Which is NOT a characteristic of fibroblasts?rge, stellate shape with processesB.Located close to collagenous fibersC.Have a large, pale nucleus with obvious nucleoliD.Rich in rough endoplasmic reticulum and well-developed Golgi complexE.Take part in the immune reaction32.The collagen necessary to form scar tissue is produced byA.fibroblastsB.undifferentiated cellsC.macrophagesD.mast cellsE.plasma cells33.Which is NOT a characteristic of the plasma cells?A.Ovoid cell with eccentric nucleusB.Has a strong basophilic cytoplasmC.Full of dense granules in cytoplasmD.Derived from B lymphocytesE.Rich in RER and well-developed Golgi apparatus34.Which of the following has ultrastructural features of protein-secreting cells?A.Mast cellsB.FibrocytesC.MacrophagesD.Plasma cellsE.Fat cells35.Which is NOT true of macrophages?A.Have acidophilic cytoplasmB.Have nucleus like the spokes of a wheelC.Are derived from the monocytesD.Have numerous lysosomes and phagosomesE.Are highly motile36.Heparin is produced by which of the following cells?A.Hepatocytes or hepatic cellsB.Undifferentiated cellsC.MacrophagesD.EosinophilsE.Mast cells37.The pale stained juxtanuclear region of plasma cells is occupied byA.rough endoplasmic reticulumB.smooth endoplasmic reticulumC.Golgi complexD.mitochondriaE.lysosomes38. Intercellular substance in connective tissue is produced byA.fat cellsB.fibrocytesC.plasma cellsD.mast cellsE. fibroblasts39. Histamine is released byA.fibroblastsB.fibrocytesC.mast cellsD.plasma cellsE.macrophages40.The chief component of dense connective tissue isA.collagenous fibersB.reticular fibersC.fibroblastsD.fibrocytesE.ground substance41.Reticular tissue is mostly distributed inA.Lymphoid organB.circulatory organC.urinary organD.reproductive organE.digestive organ42.The principle of classification for the cartilage tissue is theA.number of containing cellsB.shape of containing cellsC.quantity and type of containing fibersD.type of ground substanceE.function of cartilage43.Cartilage capsule isA.loose connective tissue at the surface of cartilageB.dense connective tissue at the surface of cartilageC.space around cartilage cellsD.cartilage matrix around cartilage cellsE.collagenous fibers around cartilage cells44.Which of the following is found as the coating for the articular ends of bones at joints?A.Hyaline cartilageB.Elastic cartilageC.FibrocartilageD.BoneE.Dense connective tissue45.The major skeletal component of the external ear isA.dense irregular connective tissueB.dense regular connective tissueC.hyaline cartilageD.boneE.elastic cartilage46.Hyaline cartilage tissue does NOT containA.cells that can divideB.ground substanceC.fibersD.blood vesselsE.hyaluronic acid47.Which of the following about hyaline cartilage is FALSE?A.Chondrocytes have basophilic cytoplasmB.Chondrocytes at periphery are immature and single locatedC.Chondrocytes in the center of a mass of cartilage are present in groupsD.Matrix surrounding the chondrocytes is acidophilicE.collagen fibrils are present48.Isogenous group isA.seen at periphery of cartilageB.seen at periphery of boneC.a group of chondrocytes within a single lacunaD.a single chondrocyte within one lacunaE.a group of immature flattened chondrocytes49.Basophilic staining of cartilage matrix is due toA.a great number of collagenous fibrilsB.abundant chondroitin sulfateC.abundant hyaluronic acidD.abundant cartilage capsuleE.abundant rough endoplasmic reticulum50.Cartilage and bone tissues are similar in thatA.the cells occupy a lacunaB.the matrix surrounding each cell forms basophilic capsuleC.the cells have long processesD.the cells are distributed in groupsE.both are avascular51.Bone tissue containsA.collagenous fibersB.elastic fibersC.reticular fibersD.chondrocytesE.none of the above52.Hydroxyapatite crystal can be seen in theA.perichondriumB.periosteumC.cartilage matrixD.osteoid tissueE.bone matrix53.Osteoid tissue is produced byA.osteocytesB.osteoblastsC.osteoclastsD.osteoprogenitor cellsE.mesenchymal cells54.Which of the following is related to the osteocytes?A.The cell body occupies a lacunaB.The ground substance surrounding cells is strong basophilicC.Cells are round with no processesD.Cells are distributed in groupsE.Cells metabolize independently55.Osteocytes possess all of the following characteristics EXCEPTA.they are present in lacunaeB.many fine processes extend into canaliculiC.adjacent processes contact with desmosomesD.they have acidophilic or weakly basophilic cytoplasmE.they obtain nutrients from tissue fluid56.Beside osteocytes, bone lacunae also containA.bloodB.tissue fluidC.lymphatic vesselsD.blood vesselsE.nerves57.Perichondrium and periosteum containA.osteocytesB.osteoblastsC.osteoclastsD.osteoprogenitor cellsE.chondrocytes58.Osteoprogenitor cells can differentiate intoA.osteocytesB.osteoblastsC.osteoclastsD.fibroblastsE.none of the above59.The most of chemical compositions of bone matrix isA.sodium saltB.potassium saltC.calcium saltD.collagenE.elastin60.Most people think osteoclasts are derived fromA.osteoprogenitor cellsB.osteoblastsC.fibroblastsD.monocytesE.mesenchymal cells61.Matrix vesicles are related toA.formation of bone cellsB.formation of osteoidC.calcification of osteoidD.destroy of bone matrixE.bone resorption62.Which of the following is NOT true of bone matrix?A.Stains acidophilic in H & E sectionsB.Contains inorganic saltsC.Contains collagen fibersD.Has a higher sulfates than that of cartilageE.Arranges regularly in lamellae63.Which of the following are true of ground bone sections?A.Prepared by cutting calcified bone into thin sectionsanic and inorganic components are both preservedC.Permit observation of canaliculiD.Allow for study of cell detailE.Allow for study of blood vessels in bone64.An important feature in nutrition of cartilage is itsA.system of lacunae and canaliculiB.sinusoidsC.lymphaticsD.nutrient arteriesE.high water (tissue fluid) content of the matrixAnswers1. B2. D3. E4. E5. A6. D7. B8. D9. A 10. A 11. C 12. C 13. E 14. A 15. C 16. C 17. D 18. A 19. E 20. B 21. B 22. D 23. E 24. C 25. B 26. B 27. A 28. C 29. B 30. D 31. E 32. A 33. C 34. D 35. B 36. E 37. C 38. E 39. C 40. A 41. A 42. C 43. D 44. A 45. E 46. D 47. D 48. C 49. B 50. A 51. A 52. E 53. B 54. A 55. C 56. B 57. D 58. B 59. C 60. D 61. C 62. D 23. C 64. E单项选择题21.Serum is different from plasma in that it is devoid ofA.fibrinogenB.erythrocytesC.all proteinsD.hormonesE.leukocytes2.Normal concentration of leukocytes in humans isA.(4.2～5.5)×1012/LB.(4～10)×109/LC.(3.5～5)×1012/LD.(105～135)×1012/LE.(100～400)×109/L3.Which of the following statements is NOT true of mature erythrocytes?A.Biconcave discs in shapeB.7.5～8.5 mm in diameterC.A nucleus with two lobesD.Rich in hemoglobinE.Have no organelles4.The ABO blood group of humans is dependent onA.lymphocytesB.monocytesC.blood plateletsD.erythrocytesE.leukocytes5.Reticulum in reticulocytes is remnants of theA.nucleusB.lysosomesC.mitochondriaD.endoplasmic reticulumE.ribosomes6.The life span of red blood cells is aboutA.1-3 daysB.14 daysC.30 daysD.120 daysE.several years7.Which one is responsible for cell breath?A.Basophilic granules in basophilsB.Eosinophilic granules in eosinophilsC.Hemoglobin in erythrocytesD.Azurophilic granules in monocytesE.Nertrophilic granules in neutrophils8.The basis of classification of leukocytes is theA.cell sizeB.morphology of nucleusC.specific granulesD.non-specific granulesE.phagocytizing capacity9.Which of the following statements is NOT true of neutrophils?A.Account for 50%-70% of the total circulating leukocytesB.They are agranulocytesC.They have a polymorphous nucleus with 2～5 lobesD.They contain specific granules and azurophilic granulesE.Neutrophilic granules contain bactericidal phagocytins10.Which of the following blood cells is increased in number after active invasion of bacteri a?A.NeutrophilsB.MonocytesC.LymphocytesD.ErythrocytesE.Eosinophils11.The cells phagocytosing antigen- antibody complex areA.monocytesB.neutrophilsC.plateletsD.erythrocytesE.eosinophils12.Which type of cells is associated with the allergic reaction and serves as an anticoagula nt?A.PlateletsB.MonocytesC.NeutrophilsD.BasophilsE.Eosinophils13.Peroxidase is NOT present inA.neutrophilsB.monocytesC.lymphocytesD.basophilisE.eosinophils14.Which of the following statements about eosinophils is FALSE?A.Constitute about 0.5%-3% of the leukocyte populationB.Packed with coarse, pink-staining granules with Wright stainually have a polymorphous nucleus with 2 lobesD.May release histaminase to ease the effects in allergic reactionE.Most phagocytic leukocytes15.Which of following statements is NOT true of basophils?A.Constitute about 3%-8% of the leukocyte populationB.Contain large, dark blue-staining granules with Wright stainC.Specific granules contain heparin and histamineD.Nucleus may be not clear because of overlap with granulesE.May be associated with allergic reaction16.Which of following statements does NOT refer to monocytes?A.Account for about 3%-8% of the leukocyte populationB.They are the largest cells in bloodC.Azurophilic granules contain heparin and histamineD.Have a horseshoe or kidney-shaped nucleusE.Differentiate into macrophages when leaving out of blood vessels17.Which of following statements is NOT true of platelets?A.Normal counts range (100-400)×109/LB.They are fragments of megakaryocytesC.Have a hyalomere and a granulomereD.The function is to stop bleedingE.Associated with allergic reaction18.Histamine in blood is mainly released by theA.macrophagesB.eosinophilsC.mast cellsD.basophilsE.neutrophils19.During parasite infection, the cells that are increased in number areA.monocytesB.lymphocytesC.neutrophilsD.eosinophilsE.basophils20.The earliest hematopoietic cells are derived from theA.yolk sacB.amniotic cavityC.liverD.spleenE.bore marrow21.The azurophilic granules actually are theA.chromosomesB.lysosomesC.ribosomesD.phagosomesE.pinosomes22.Eosinophilic granules in eosinophils are lysosomes in nature because they containA.acid phosphataseB.alkaline phosphataseC.histaminaseD.lysozymesE.phagocytins23.Basophils contain numerous surface receptors for which of the following Igs?A.IgAB.IgDC.IgED.IgGE.Ig M24.Platelets would LEAST likely adhere to which of the following structures?A.CollagenB.Other plateletsC.Microfibrils associated with elastinD.Normal endotheliumE.Damaged endothelium25.A cross section through the H band of a sarcomere displaysA.both thick and thin filamentsB.only thick filamentsC.only thin filamentsD.a zig-zag network filamentsE.no filaments26.Where is the Z line situated in a sarcomere?A.In the middle of the A bandB.In the middle of the I bandC.In the middle of the H bandD.In between A and I bandsE.In between A and H bands27.The T tubules of skeletal muscle is continuous withA.A bandB.Z lineC.nuclear membraneD.cell membraneE.sarcoplasmic reticulum28.The wave of contraction is spread from cell to cell in cardiac muscle byA.motor endplatesB.intercalated discsC.muscle spindlesD.dense bodiesE.none of above29.With respect to cardiac muscle fibers, all of the following are true EXCEPTA.the nuclei are centrally locatedB.they are multinucleated fibersC.they are branched fibersD.they contain abundant mitochondriaE.cross striations are found30.In smooth muscle, impulses for contraction pass from one muscle cell to the next throu ghA.desmosonesB.tight junctionsC.zonula adherensD.gap junctionsE.hemidesmosones31.Smooth muscle cells do NOT generally displayA.sarcoplasmB.sarcolemmasC.sarcomereD.prominent nucleiE.both actin and myosin32.Which of the following are contained within a single myofibril?A.NervesB.Connctive tissueC.LymphaticsD.MitochondriaE.Myofilamentspared with skeletal muscle, which of the following statements is true of smooth mu scle?A.Actin/myosin ratio is higherB.Actin/myosin ratio is lowerC.Actin/myosin ratio is the sameD.There are no thick filamentsE.There are no thin filaments34.In which region of a sarcomere of skeletal muscle myofibril, each thick filament are sur rounded by six thin filaments?A.Z lineB.A bandC.I bandD.H bandE.M line35.A sarcomere consists ofA.1/2 I band + A band + 1/2 I bandB.1/2 A band + I band + 1/2 A bandC.1/2 I band + 1/2 A bandD.1/2 I band + A bandE.I band + A band36.The component of the thick filaments isA.actinB.myosinC.tropomyosinD.troponinE.myoglobin37.Troponin is attached toA.actinB.myosinC.tropomyosinD. myoglobinE.T tubules38.The terminal cisternae of skeletal muscle are formed byA.cell membraneB.RERC.Golgi complexD.T tubulesE.L tubules39.Which of the following statements about the nucleus of skeletal muscle cells is true?A.One nucleus located in the center of the cellsB.Several nuclei in the center of the cellsC.One nucleus beneath the sarcolemmaD.Many nuclei beneath the sarcolemmaE.Many nuclei scattered in the sarcoplasm40.All of the following are morphological features of skeletal muscle fibers EXCEPTA.long cylindrical cellsB.many elongated nuclei in the center of the cellC.distinct cross striationsD.rich SERE.abundant mitochondria41.Which of the following statements about the myofibril is FALSE?A.The basic structure related to contraction of three types of muscle tissueB.Made up of thick and thin filamentsC.Showing A and I bands, H band, Z and M linesD.Surrounded by T and L tubulesE.The shortest unit in it is called sarcomere42.Which of the following statements about the sarcoplasmic reticulum of the striated mus cle is FALSE?A.It is specialized SERB.Main branches run transversely and anastomose into networkC.The ends of it form the terminal cisternaeD.The calcium pumps can be found on its membraneE.Its function is to store Ca2+43.When contracting the myosin heads bind toA.Ca2+B.ATPC.troponinD.actinE.tropomyosin44.The change in the sarcomere during contraction isA.A and H bands shortenB.A band shortensC.I and H bands shortenD.I and A bands shortenE.A, I and H bands shorten45.Which of the following is NOT visible in a completely contracted sarcomere?A.H bandB.I bandC.A bandD.Z lineE.sarcolemma46.The structural unit of skeletal muscle is theA.sarcolemmaB.sarcomereC.sarcoplasmD.triadE.T tubule47.The type of neurons found in the spinal ganglia isA.multipolarB.bipolarC.pseudounipolarD.apolarE.unipolar48.The structure by which a neuron conducts impulses isA.axolemmaB.membrane-coated vesiclesC.microtubulesD.microfilamentsE.neurofilaments49.Neurotransmitters are stored in and released fromA.synaptic vesiclesB.mitochondriaC.lysosomesD.RERE.SER50.The presynaptic element of a synapse can be recognized in electron micrographs by the presence ofA.thickened plasmalemmaB.microtubules and microfilamentsC.abundant RERD.mitochondriaE.membrane-bound vesicles51.The maximum length attained by some nerve fibers isA.several cmB.several mmC.30 cmD.about 1 mE.2-3 m52.The myelin sheath of the peripheral nerve consists ofA.Schwann cell membrane and cytoplasmB.only schwann cell cytoplasmC.multiple layers of schwann cell membraneD.only the lipid of Schwann cell membraneE.Schwann cell membrane and basal lamina53.The axons of neuronsA.are all very longB.are never branchedC.contain no neurofibrilsD.can not synthesize proteinsually one or two axons per neuron54.A single Schwann cell may house how many unmyelinated axons?A.OneB.Two or threeC.A dozen or moreD.SixE.None55.Nerves consist ofA.axons of many neurons including both afferent and efferent fibersB.many nerve fibers, but in a single nerve only afferents or efferentsC.dendrites of many neurons including myelinated and unmyelinated fibersD.the cell processes of a single neuronE.a single neuron consisting of cell body and processes56.PerineuriumA.is connective tissue encasing single nerve fiberB.is connective tissue surrounding bundles of nerve fibersC.is the cell membrane of Schwann cellsD.is the basal membrane of Schwann cellsE.stains best with silver salts57.Of nonneuronal cells of the CNS, the cells with the fewest processes are theA.fibrous astrocytesB.microglial cellsC.protoplasmic astrocytesD.oligodendrocytesE.ependymal cells58.Nodes of Ranvier areA.seen in all types of nerve fibersB.only seen in the myelinated nerve fibers of the PNSC.only seen in the unmyelinated nerve fibers of the CNSD.sites where myelin sheath and neurolemma are interruptedE.the reason for slower conduction of impulses59.Which of the following is the key structure for the fast axon transport?A.SERB.synaptic vesiclesC.microtubulesD.microfilamentsE.neurofilaments60.The cell body is the trophic center of a neuron because it containsA.abundant RER and free ribosomesB.well developed Golgi apparatusC.microtubulesD.microfilamentsE.neurofilaments61.The most numerous type of neurons in the human body areA.sensory, pseudounipolar neuronsB.sensory, bipolar neuronsC.motor, multipolar neuronsD.bipolar, interneuronsE.multipolar, interneurons62.Which of the following is a feature of axons or dendrites, but not of both?A.Synapse formationB.MitochondriaC.NeurofilamentsD.Nissl bodiesE.Microtubules63.Capillaries in the brain are wrapped by the processes ofA.astrocytesB.microglial cellsC.capsular cellsD.oligodendrocytesE.ependymal cells64.Electrical synapse isA.tight junctionB.intermediate junctionC.gap junctionD.desmosomeE.hemidesmosome65.The reason for rapid conduction of impulses along myelinated nerve fibers is that they havelong axonsthick axonsmany synaptic vesicles in the axonsclefts of Schmidt and Lantermannnodes of Ranvier66.According to a popular hypothesis microglial cells are derived fromA.fibroblastsB.ependymal cellsC.monocytesD.astrocytesE.neuroectodermal cellsAnswers1. A2. B3. C4. D5. E6. D7. C8. C9. B 10. A 11. E 12. D 13. C 14. E 15. A 16. C 17. E 18. D 19. D 20. A 21. B 22. A 23. C 24. D 25. B 26. B 27. D 28. B 29. B 30. D 31. C 32. E 33. A 34. B 35. A 36. B 37. C 38. E 39. D 40. B 41. A 42. B 43. D 44. C 45. A 46. B 47. C 48. A 49. A 50. E 51. D 52. C 53. D 54. C 55. A 56. B 57. E 58.59. C 60. A 61. E 62. D 63. A 64. C 65. E 66. C单项选择题31.The corneal epithelium of the cornea isA.simple aquamous epitheliumB.nonkeratinized stratified squamous epitheliumC.keratinized stratified squamous epithelium.D.simple columnar epitheliumE.pseudostratified columnar epithelium2.Which of the following features does NOT belong to the cornea?A.Five layers of histological structureB.Free nerve endings present in the corneal epitheliumC.The basal surface of the epithelium is planeD.Rich in blood vesselsE.The stroma mainly consists of fine collagen fibers3.Schlemm's canal is located inA.Sclera limbusB.corneaC.retinaD.ciliary bodyE.iris4.The major component of the sclera isA.pigmented epitheliumB.collagen fiber bundlesC.elastic fibersD.vascular bedE.stradified squamous epithelial cells5.The posterior portion of the middle layer of the eyeball wall is theA.choroidB.ciliary bodyC.scleraD.corneaE.iris6.Which of the following is NOT true of the ciliary body?A.Contains sphincter and dilator of pupilB.Three directions of smooth muscle fibersC.Rich in blood vessels and pigmentsD.Synthesizes protein to form ciliary zonules.E.Regulates the shape of the lens7.Ciliary epitheliumA.consists of one layer of cuboidal cellsB.consists of two layers of squamous cellsC.does not contain pigmentsD.is responsible for secreting aqueous humorE.is responsible for regulating the size of pupil8.Ciliary zonules are synthesized byA.corneal endotheliumB.epithelium of the irisC.non-pigmented epithelial cells of the ciliary bodyD.pigmented epithelial cells of the ciliary bodyE.none of the above9.Nourishment for the eye tissue is dependent on the presence of theA.ciliary processB.Schlemm’s canalC.corneaD.vitreous bodyE.choroids10.Retina consists of all of the following cells EXCEPTA.pigment cellsB.cones and rodsC.bipolar cellsD.ganglion cellsE.hair cells。
