经济专业英语课件

Unit one经济体系economic system经济目标economic goal经济活动economic activity经济增长economic growth经济萧条economic depression经济理论economic theory经济收益economic benefit经济效益economic result s经济效益economic performance 经济效益economic effectiveness 经济环境economic environment 经济政策economic policy经济欲望economic want s经济模式economic mound/model 经济杠杆economic lever经济机构economic institution经济布局economic pattern经济命脉economic lifeline经济结构economic structure经济合同economic contract经济危机economic crisis经济奇迹economic miracle经济实体economic entity经济制裁economic sanction经济基础economic bas is/base经济复苏economic recoveryUnit two有效需求effective demand市场需求market demand供大于求oversupply/gult(supply exceed s demand) 供给曲线supply curve需求量quantity deman ded需求变化change in demanded需求定律law of demand需求曲线demand curve供不应求weak supply市场机制market mechanism需求分析demand analys is供给表supply schedule反向关系negative relationship市场价格market price均衡价格equilibrium price实际价格actual price Unit three讨价还价price bargain价格可比性price comparability时价表/行情表price current最低价（限度）price floor最高价（限度）price ceiling价格波动price fluctuation物价指数price index价格变动幅度price range价格暴涨price boom价格管制price control价格预测price expectation提价price increase物价水平price level价格尺度price measure价格剪刀差price scissors物价稳定price stability物价螺旋上升price spiral价格战price war价格调整price adjustment价格歧视price discriminationUnit four利润最大化profit maximization总收益total revenue机会成本opportunity costs显性成本explicit costs隐性成本implicit costs经济利润economic profit会计利润accounting profit正常利润normal profit固定成本fixed costs可变成本variable costs平均总成本average total costs边际成本marginal costs私人成本private costs社会成本social costs经济决策economic decision makingUnit five进入壁垒barriers to entry潜在原因potential cause现实经济actual economy市场份额market share公共利益public interest收取较高价格charge high er price s赚取较多利润earn higher profit s自然垄断natural monopoly垄断地位monopoly position竞争性市场competitive market增强竞争increase competition行政管理人员administrative staff成本-收益分析cost-benefit analys is管制制度regulatory system无谓损失deadweight loss筹款raise money集体所有制collective ownership利益集团interest group产业革命industrial revolution实际上（3个）in practice/effect/essence与此相比b y c ontrast简而言之put s implyUnit six不完全竞争imperfect competition市场结构market structure制造业manufacturing industry产品差异化product differentiation相互依赖mutual interdependence换句话说（3个）stated another waystated differently/in other word s标准化产品standardized product法律壁垒legal barrier非价格竞争non price competition运动鞋athletic shoe减价（2个）price cut/reduction涨价price hike做出定价决策make pricing decision s价格刚性price rigidity价格大战price war瓦解break up贫富差距the gap between the rich and the poorUnit seven国民收入核算national income account国内生产总值gross adj.总共的domestic product 国民生产总值gross national product国内生产净值net domestic product实际国内生产总值real gross domestic product 名义国内生产总值nominal gross domestic product现值美元current dollar最终产品final good s增加值，附加值value added销售税sales tax市场价格market price净收入net income生产要素factor of product ion不变美元constant dollar中间产品intermediate good s本期产出current output货物税excise n. 消费税；货物税tax净价net price要素成本factor cost实际产出physical outputUnit eight资本积累capital accumulation总生产函数aggregate production function劳动供给labor supply物质资本physical capital收益递减diminishing returns人力资本human capital资本存量capital stock劳动生产率labor product ivity劳动力labor force规模经济economi es n.节约（economy复数）of scaleUnit nine抢购panic n. 恐慌buying基年base year加权法weight measurement物价指数price index收入分配income distribution需求拉上型通货膨胀demand-pull inflation成本推动型通货膨胀cost-push inflation通货膨胀率inflation rate生产价值produc tion value货币供应量money supplyUnit eleven外汇资产foreign exchange assets n. 资产外汇经纪人foreign exchange broker外汇负债foreign exchange liabilities负债外汇市场foreign exchange market外汇汇率foreign exchange rate资产结合平衡理论portfolio证券投资组合balance theory中央银行central bank干预市场intervene干涉in the market外汇银行foreign exchange bank外汇波动foreign exchange fluctuation外汇许可foreign exchange license外汇牌价foreign exchange quotations外汇储备foreign exchange reserve s n. 储备货币理论monetary theory增加需求increase demand以英镑标价的证券Sterling-denominated securitiesUnit twelve金融市场financial market金融中心financial center金融工具financial instrument金融资本financial capital金融体系financial system金融机制financial mechanism金融危机financial crisis金融期货financial future金融机构financial institution金融风险financial risk金融债券financial bond金融政策financial policy国际储备international reserve国际结算international settlement国际汇兑international exchange国际金融international finance国际债务international debt国际租赁international leasing国际货币体系international monetary system 国际资本流动international capital movement 国际外汇市场international foreign exchange market国际货币基金组织International Monetary Fund。