形容词和副词的最高级(1)
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形容词和副词的比较级和最高级一.形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的变化方法如下(1) 符合规则的:(2)几个不规则的形容词和副词的比较级和最高级如下表:二.形容词和副词比较级的用法注意:有些形容词,如 dead, empty, round, sure, woolen 等受本身含义的限制,没有比较级。
例题解析1. He is ________ friends than I.A. much moreB. many moreC. very moreD. too more解析:后面有可数名词复数时,many的比较级形式为many more 修饰。
应选B.2. Which is the _________ country, Japan or Australia?A. more developedB. more developingC. most developedD. most developing解析:两者比较用比较级,表示"发达"用developed, 而developing 是"发展中的" 意思3. There were _______ shops in the city in 1982 than in 1990.A. littleB. fewC. fewerD. less解析:little 不能修饰可数名词,两者比较需用比较级,所以应选C.4. If you are not free today, come another day __________.A. tooB. soC. insteadD. yet解析:instead 作副词用时意为"代替,顶替",表示前面的事情没做,而是做了后面的事。
Instead一般位于句首。
应选C.5.He can't tell us ________, I think.A. important anythingB. anything importantC. important somethingD. something important.解析:不定代词与形容词联用需后置,否定句中应该用anything而不是something. 因此应选B6. The Huang River is the second __________ river in our country.A. longB. longerC. longestD. the longest解析:"定冠词the+ 序数词+ 形容词最高级" 表示"第几大……" 应选C.7. The light in the office wasn't ________for him to read.A. enough brightB. bright enoughC. brightlyD. enough brightly解析:enough修饰名词时可前可后,修饰形容词或副词时,要后置。
形容词和副词的比较级和最高级一. 形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的变化方法如下:(1) 规则变化表:(2)几个不规则的形容词和副词的比较级和最高级如下表:注:假如动词是及物或不及物动词,则后面用副词;假如后面是连系动词,则后面用形容词。
如:This car is the fastest of the four.(形容词)(这辆汽车是四辆之中最快的) This car runs (the) fastest of the four.(副词)(这辆汽车是四辆之中跑得最快的) 三.形容词副词比较级最高级的特殊用法(1)和冠词连用the +形容词原级+v(复),指一类人或物the + 形容词比较级,指两者中“较…的”的那一个,eg. the younger of the two a/ an +形容词比较级eg. The pen is expensive. I want a cheaper one. ( a) +most +形容词最高级 “非常…” eg. a most beautiful city (2)序数词与最高级连用,如:Flying is the fastest and the second cheapest way to travel. (3)比较级+than any other +n. (单) (适用于范围一致时)(all) other +n.(复)any +n.(单) (适用于范围不一致时) He is taller than any other student / all other students in his class. any student in my class. (4)倍数表达法。
A is three(four, etc.)times the size(height, length etc.)of B. A is three(four, etc.)times as big(high, long, etc.)as B. A is three (four, etc.)times bigger(higher, longer, etc.)than B.注:用times 表倍数通常用于三倍以上,两倍能够用twice 或double. The new building is four times the size (the height)of the old one.这座新楼比那座旧楼大三倍(高三倍)Asia is four times as large as Europe.亚洲比欧洲大三倍。
英语中形容词副词的比较级和最高级一般规律是:单音节词的比较级和最高级在词尾加 -er/-est;多音节词在前面加 more 或 most;双音节词如果是典型的形容词词尾,有明显的标示词类的功能,应保留词尾不变,在前面加 more 或 most。
其他的双音节词,两种变化都可以单音节词单音节的形容词,因为很短,适合在词尾变化(如: tall、taller、tallest)1、单音节词末尾加 -er 或 -esthigh 高的 | higher | highestslow 慢地 | slower | slowest2、单音节词末尾如果以 e 结尾,则加 -r 或 -stlate 晚的 | later | latestwide 广泛地 | wider | widest3、闭音节单音节词如末尾只有一个辅音字母,须先双写这个辅音字母,再加 -er 或 -estthin 瘦的 | thinner | thinnestfit 适合的 | fitter | fittest4、有些以 -y 结尾的单音节词, -y 前面是辅音时也可以直接加 -er 或 -estshy 害羞的 | shyer | shyestsly 狡猾的 | slyer | slyestwry 讽刺的 | wryer | wryest多音节词三个音节以上的多音节词已经很长,不适合再加词尾变化,因而在前面加 more 或 most,表示更(最)...,或者加 less 或least ,表示更(最)不...interesting 有趣的 | more interesting | most interestingimportant 重要的 | less important | least importantcarefully 认真地 | more carefully | most carefully双音节词双音节形容词很尴尬:不长不短,怎么判断?1、词尾是典型的形容词词尾,有明显的标示词类的功能,应保留词尾不变,在前面加 more 或 mostcrowded more crowded most crowdedloving more loving most lovinghelpful more helpful most helpfulfamous more famous most famousactive more active most active2、其他的双音节形容词,如果不是典型的形容词字尾,变化则无限制,两种变化都可以often oftener(more often) oftenest(most often)shallow shallower(more shallow) shallowest(most shallow)3、如果是 -y 结尾,这个长母音因为发音上的要求,要先变成短母音的 i,再加字尾变化,如:happy happier happiestlucky luckier luckiest二、不规则形式good/well | better | bestbad/ill/badly | worse | worstmany/much | more | mostlittle | less | leastfar | farther/further | farthest/furthestold | older/elder | oldest/eldest三、比较等级英语中形容词副词有三个比较等级,即原级、比较级和最高级1、原级(1) 表示程度相同,即“和...一样...”时用原级,常用"as... as" 结构It is as beautiful as paradise in Heaven. 这里如天堂般美丽This room is as broad as it is long. 那个房间长宽相等He is as handsome as John (is). 他和约翰一样英俊He studies as hard as John (does). 他和约翰一样努力(2) as...as... 引导的结构可采用倒装句型He studies as hard as John (does). = He studies as hard as does John.He is as handsome as John is. = He is as handsome as is John.(3) 否定的原级用 not as...as 或not so...as,二者区别不大You are not as tall as he. 你没有他高Guangzhou is not as clean as Shanghai. 广州没有上海那么干净I didn't do so well as I should. 我做得不如我应做得那么好(4) as/so... as... 结构前可以用 just、quite、almost、nearly、half 等词在程度上加以修饰This story was quite as interesting as we had thought. 这个故事和我们想的一样精彩The bike is not half so new as mine. 这辆自行车还没我的一半新She can read twice as fast as he does. 她的阅读速度比他快一倍John is not quite as good a student as his sister.连接词 as 表示这是组 as..as 的比较级。
形容词和副词最高级的用法对三者或三者以上的人或物进行比较时用最高级。
形容词最高级前面要加定冠词the,副词最高级前可加the,也可省掉the;后面可带of/in 短浯来说明比较范围:“主语+系动词+the+形容词最高级+of短语/in短语”eg.She is the youngest Of all.“A+谓语动词+(the)+最高级+of短语/in短语”eg.Linda draws most carefully in her class.(1)用于三者或三者以上的人或事物之间的比较,其结构是“the+最高级+名词复数+表示比较范围的短语或从句”.The Great Wall is the greatest walls in the world.This question is the most difficult one of the three.Which do you think is the best, football, basketball or handball?(2) 表示“最…之一”和“第…个最…”时,用“one of + 最高级+名词复数”和“the first(second) +最高级+名词单数”。
Beijing is one of the biggest cities in the world.Wang Fei is the most popular singer in China.形容词最高级解密【1号密码】形容词最高级前必须加定冠词the,但如果最高级前有物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格等修饰时,则不用定冠词。
如:My oldest daughter is 16 years old. 我最大的女儿16岁。
【2号密码】形容词最高级常与由介词in或of引导的表示范围的短语连用。
若介词后的名词或代词与句中的主语是同一事物时,则用of 短语;当只说明是在某一空间、时间范围内的比较时,则用in短语。
形容词的比较级及最高级1:单音节词,在词尾加er构成比较级,加est构成最高级。
tall-- taller --tallest kind-kinder-kindest tall-taller-tallestgreat--greater --greatest slow-slower-slowest cold-colder-coldest long—longer—longest quick-quicker-quickest dear-dearer-dearer small—smaller—smallest cheap-cheaper-cheapest warm-warmer-warmest short—shorter—shortest calm-calmer-calmest wild-wilder-wildest new—newer—newest old—older—oldest quiet-quieter-quietest weak—weaker—weakest srong-stronger-strongest near-nearer-nearest clean—cleaner—cleanest dull-duller-dullest loud-louder-loudest low—lower—lowest high-higher-highest rich-richer-richestpoor-poorer-poorest bright--brighter—brightest clever-cleverer-cleverestdark-darker-darkest smart-smarter-smartest poor-poorer-poorestexcited-exciteder-excitedest cool-cooler-coolest clear-clearer-clearestfew-fewer-fewest2:以不发音的e结尾,直接在词的后面加r构成比较级,加st构成最高级nice-- nicer --nicest free-freer-freest safe-safer-safest fine—finer—finestlarge– larger-- largest close-closer-closest wide-wider-widest cute—cuter—cutest white—whiter—whitest late—later—latest3: 重读闭音节词,双写结尾的辅音字母, 再加er构成比较级,加est构成最高级。
形容词和副词形容词修饰名词,说明事物或人的性质或特征。
通常,可将形容词分成性质形容词和叙述形容词两类,其位置不一定都放在名词前面。
1)直接说明事物的性质或特征的形容词是性质形容词,它有级的变化,可以用程度副词修饰,在句中可作定语、表语和补语。
例如:hot 热的。
2)叙述形容词只能作表语,所以又称为表语形容词。
这类形容词没有级的变化,也不可用程度副词修饰。
大多数以a开头的形容词都属于这一类。
例如:afraid 害怕的。
(错)He is an ill man.(对)The man is ill.(错)She is an afraid girl.(对)The girl is afraid.这类词还有:well,unwell,ill,faint,afraid,alike,alive,alone,asleep,awake 等。
形容词与副词的比较级大多数形容词(性质形容词)和副词有比较级和最高级的变化,即原级、比较级和最高级,用来表示事物的等级差别。
原级即形容词的原形,比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化两种。
1) 规则变化单音节词和少数双音节词,加词尾-er,-est来构成比较级和最高级。
构成法原级比较级最高级一般单音节词tall(高的)taller tallest未尾加-er,-est great(巨大的)greater greatest以不发音的e结尾nice(好的)nicer nicest的单音词和少数large(大的)larger largest以- le结尾的双able(有能力的) abler ablest音节词只加-r,-st以一个辅音字母big(大的)bigger biggest结尾的闭音节单hot热的)hotter hottest音节词,双写结尾的辅音字母,再加-er,-est"以辅音字母+y"easy(容易的)easier easiest结尾的双音节词,busy(忙的)busier busiest改y为i,再加-er,-est少数以-er,-ow clever(聪明的)cleverer cleverest结尾的双音节词narrow(窄的)narrower narrowest未尾加-er,-est其他双音节词和important(重要的)多音节词,在前more important面加more,most most important来构成比较级和easily(容易地)最高级。
形容词副词的比较级和最高级变化规则形容词和副词的比较级和最高级变化规则如下:
1. 一般情况下,在形容词和副词的原级后加-er构成比较级,加-est构成最高级。
例如:
原级:fast(快速的)
比较级:faster(更快的)
最高级:fastest(最快的)
原级:happy(快乐的)
比较级:happier(更快乐的)
最高级:happiest(最快乐的)
2. 如果形容词或副词的原级以字母e结尾,直接在原级后加-r构成比较级,加-st构成最高级。
例如:
原级:nice(好的)
比较级:nicer(更好的)
最高级:nicest(最好的)
3. 如果形容词或副词的原级以辅音字母+y结尾,先将y变为i,再加-er构成比较级,加-est构成最高级。
例如:
原级:funny(有趣的)
比较级:funnier(更有趣的)
最高级:funniest(最有趣的)
4.一些形容词及副词的比较级和最高级形式不规则,需要进行记忆。
例如:
原级:good(好的)
比较级:better(更好的)
最高级:best(最好的)
原级:bad(坏的)
比较级:worse(更差的)
最高级:worst(最差的)
原级:far(远的)
比较级:farther(更远的)
最高级:farthest(最远的)
总的来说,形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的变化规则大致为在原级后添加-er和-est,但也有一些特殊情况需要记住。
形容词副词的比较级和最高级用法总结一、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的变化规则:1.一般单音节词和少数以-er,-ow结尾的双音节词,加-er/-est;(1)单音节词如:small→smaller→smallest short→shorter→shortest(2)双音节词如:clever→cleverer→cleverest narrow→narrower→narrowest 2.以不发音e结尾的单音节词,加-er/-est;如:large→larger→largest nice→nicer→nicest late-later-latest close-closer-closest3. 在重读闭音节(即:辅音+元音+辅音)中,先双写末尾的辅音字母,再加-er/-est;如:big→bigger→biggest hot→hotter→hottest fat→fatter→fattest4.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词,把y改为i,再加-er/-est;)如:easy→easier→easiest heavy→heavier→heaviestbusy→busier→busiest happy→happier→happiest5.其他双音节词和多音节词,比较级在前面加more,最高级在前面加the most;如:beautiful→more beautiful→the most beautiful注意:(1)形容词最高级前通常必须用定冠词the,副词最高级前可不用。
例句:The Sahara is the biggest desert in the world.Tom runs fastest in our class.(2)形容词most前面没有the,不表示最高级的含义,只表示"非常"。
It is a most important problem. =It is a very important problem.6.不规则形容词、副词的比较级和最高级:必须牢记)如:good→better→best well→better→best bad/badly→worse→worstill→worse→worst old→older/elder→oldest/eldest many/much→more→most little→less→least far →further/farther→furthest/farthest二、形容词和副词比较级/最高级的用法:1. 原级比较:as...as, “...和...一样...”否定:not as/so... as“...没有... ...”Tom is not as tall as me .Tom doesn’t run as fast as me. Tom没有我跑得快。
形容词和副词比较级和最高级笔记本上有的,如果不清楚可以复印.一定要彻底搞明白形容词和副词比较级和最高级一、-er (比较级),- est (最高级)a)一般单音节单词, 直接加er, est .e.g. short, bright, young, strong, poorb)以e 结尾的,直接加r, ste.g. large, wide, latec)双写最后一个字母,加er, este.g. big, red, hotd)以y 结尾的,去y 变iere.g. easy, early, busy, happy, healthy二、more, most形式a)多数双音节,三音节以及三音节以上的形容词或副词,采用more+ 原级,most+原级e.g.careful, useful, difficult, interesting,b)-ed 结尾的形容词e.g.tired, worried三、不规则变化Many/much-- more-- mostbad/ badly/ ill -- worse-- worstfar -- farther -- farthestfar -- further -- furthestgood/ well -- better -- bestlittle -- less -- least四、形容词和副词比较级和最高级的常用结构1. as + 原级+ as: 。
与。
一样Their library is as big as yours.2.not as/ so + 原级+ as …不如。
Michael is not as/ so tall as Wood.3.比较级+ than 比。
(两者比较)This dress is nicer than that one.4.比较级连用Winter is coming. It is getting colder and colder.You are become more and more beautiful.5.the + 最高级: 三者或三者以上的最。
形容词和副词的最高级1.形容词、副词最高级的含义大多数形容词或副词的最高级用于三者或三者以上的人或事之间的比较 .表示最 高程度,即其中一个在某方面“最 在句中使用时,最高级前一般要加定冠词the, 副词的最高级前的the 可加可省.2.形容词、副词的最高级的构成⑴规则变化①单音节和部分双音节的形容词或副词一般在词尾加-est 构成最高级。
(clean- fast- high- )②以不发音的字母e 结尾的,直接加-st构成最高级。
(nice-)③以“辅音字母+y ”的,把“y ”变为“i ”,④以重读闭音节的单个辅音字母结尾的,双写该辅音字母,再加-est 构成最高级。
再加“ -est ” early- easy-构成最高级(happy-(big- hot- thin- )⑤多音节和部分双音节形容词或副词在原级前加most构成最高级。
(outgoing- quietly- difficult- )⑥由“动词+后缀-ing /-ed”构成的形容词,在词前加most构成最高级(bored-interesting- )⑦由“形容词+后缀-ly”构成的副词,在该副词前加most构成最高级。
(slowly- happily- )⑵不规则变化部分不规则形容词或副词的比较级:good /well_better - best bad / ill / badly -worse --worst many /much~more -mostlittle—less—leastold—older/elder—oldest/eldest far—farther / further -farthest / furthest3.形容词或副词最高级的用法⑴.o» in三者或三者以上的人或物进行比较时,用最高级,形容词的最高级前面要加the,后面用of/in, of+同类人/物,in+表地点的范围, 副词的最高级前面可用the,也可省略.eg: Tom is the tallest boy in his class. Tom is the tallest boy of all the boys.⑵.Which / who引导的选择疑问句有三者相比,也用最高级.eg: Which is the biggest ,the sun ,the earth or the moon?Who is the tallest, Tom, Mike orJohn?⑶.句式:one of+ the +形容词的最高级+名词复数,表示“…中最…之一”eg: Xi’an is one of the oldest cities in China?⑷.句式:the+序数词+形容词的最高级+名词,表示“第几…的”eg: The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.⑸.某人的+形容词最高级+名词当形容词的最高级前有形容词性物主代词、名词、所有格或指示代词时,不用定冠词.eg: This is my best book of all.检测练习:1.Maths is more popular than ____ .A. any other subjectB. all the subjectsC. any subjectD. other subject2.Tom is stronger than ___ in his class.A. any other boysB. any boysC. any boyD.the other boy3.Of the two cups, he bought .A. the smallerB. the smallestC. small D: smaller4.Who jumped ___ of all?A. farB. fartherC. farthestD. the most far5.Li Lei is___ student in our class.A. tallB. tallerC. tallestD. the tallest6.The fifth orange is ____ of all. Give itto that small child.A. bigB. biggerC. the biggerD. thebiggest7.Who is of you three?A.the oldestB. much olderC. oldestD. older8.Tom is one of ___ b oys in our class.A. tallestB. tallerC. the tallestD. the tall9.English is one of ____ spoken in the world.A. the important languagesB. the most important languagesC. most important languageD. the most important language10.B eijing is one of ___ in China.A. the largest cityB. the large citiesC. the larger citiesD. the largest cities11.Which is _____ i nteresting, science, maths or English?A. moreB. the mostC. veryD. too12.- I've had enough bread . Would you like ? -No , thanks .A. a few moreB. one moreC.another more D. some more二、用所给形容词和副词的适当形式填空。
形容词和副词最高级的用法
一、定义:形容词、副词的最高级用于三者或三者以上的人或事物之间的比较,表示在一群
人或事物中,其中一个“最…….”
二、形容词和副词最高级的构成
绝大多数形容词和副词有三个等级:原级、比较级、最高级。
最高级的构成有规则和不规则两种形式。
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三、基本用法:
对三者或三者以上的人或事物比较进行时用最高级。
形容词最高级前面要加定冠词the,副词最高级前面可加the,也可省略the;形容词最高级前面后面可接of或in短语来说明比较范围。
形容词最高级常与介词in或of引导的短语(说明比较范围)连用。
若介词后的名词或代词与句中的主语是同一类人或物时,常用of短语。
当强调是在某一范围、场所内进行比较时,常用in短语。
1. 主语+系动词+the+形容词最高级+of或in或among短语“在某范围内最......”
例:She is the youngest of/ among all.
Mary is the tallest of/ among the three.
Our classroom is the cleanest in the school.
Russia(俄罗斯) is the largest country in the world.
English is the most interesting of all the subjects.(科目)
She is the best student in my class.
Jone is the best doctor in the hospital.
Jack is the best of all the movie stars.
This book is the most difficult of all.
Screen City is the best theater in town.
My cousin is the funniest person.
(1)She is the oldest these children.
(2)Lily is the youngest her class.
2. 主语+实义动词(+the)+副词最高级+of或in短语
Linda draws the most carefully in her class.
I learn English best in the morning.我早上学英语效果最好。
Sam draws pictures best in our club.
Who sings (the ) most beautifully of the three?
四、最高级的常用结构
1、one of the +形容词最高级+名词复数,表示“最…..之一”
例:LuXun is one of the greatest writers.
China is one of the oldest countries in the world.
Beijing is one of the biggest cities in the world.
Jay Chou is one of the most popular singers in Taiwan .
2. the+序数词+最高级+名词的单数+in+范围,形容词最高级前可用序数词进行限定,共同修
饰后面的名词,表示“在….范围内….是第几….的”
例:The Changjiang River /The Yangtze River is the first longest river in China.
Hainan is the second largest island in China.
Nanjing isn’t so large as Shanghai. However, it’s the second largest city in East China.
The Yellow River is the second longest river in China. 黄河是中国第二长河。
3. Which /Who + ...(the) +最高级,A ,B or C ?“A、B和C,哪个/谁最....?”
Which is the biggest , the sun ,the earth or the moon ?
Who runs (the) fastest ,Kate ,Tom or Mike?
Who is the most serious ,Wang Hong ,Liu Li or Xiao Lei ?
一、注意事项
1、形容词最高级前面必须加定冠词the,但如果最高级前面有物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格等修饰时,则不加定冠词the。
例:My oldest daughter is 16 years old.
Monday is my busiest day.
Jim is Mike’s best friend.。
2. 形容词最高级前若有不定冠词a,这时它不表示比较,而表示“非常”的意思。
例:Spring is a best season.春天是一个非常好的季节。
Their performance was a greatest success.他们的演出非常成功。
【2103陕西】It's one of the things in the world to stay with friends .
I agree . It always makes us relaxed.
A. worst
B. happiest
C. busiest
D. hardest
【2013兰州中考】Lanzhou is the only capital city that the Yellow River , the second River in China ,passes through .
A. long
B. longest
C. longer
D. Length
【2013贵阳】用所给词的适当形式填空
Which do you like , football ,basketball or volleyball ? Basketball.(good)
1. Pop music is ______music in the world.
A .best of
B .more better
C .good of D. the best
2. Of all the students, Angie is the _____but studies __________than others.
A .shorter, best
B .shortest, better
C .shortest, best
D .shorter, better
3.I do n’t think this question is ____than that one .It is ____of these questions.
A. easier, more difficult B .easier, the most difficult
C. easiest, more difficult D .easier, much more difficult
4. Mr Zhang is one of ____in our school.
A .the more popular teachers
B .most popular teachers
C .the most popular teachers
D .the most popular teacher
5.Paris is one of the world’s beautiful cities.
A. the most B .more C. most D.best。