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动词被动语态知识点总结（word）一、动词被动语态1．—Quite a few new laws and rules on food safety ______ into use last month.—Can you tell me what they are?A. were puttingB. have been putC. were putD. put【答案】C【解析】【分析】题意：——上个月，相当多的关于食品安全的新法律和制度投入了使用。
——你能告诉我他们有哪些吗？根据时间状语last month可知时态为一般过去式，主语为“new laws and rules ”，被投入使用，使用被动语态were+过去分词。
故选C。
【点评】考查一般过去时的被动语态，注意结构为：was/were+过去分词。
2．Basketball ____ by a Canadian doctor named James Naismith.A. is inventedB. was inventedC. inventedD. invents【答案】 B【解析】【分析】句意：篮球是一位叫James Naismith的加拿大医生发明的。
主语是动作的执行者，用主动语态，主语是动作的承受者，用被动语态。
本句中，主语basketball是谓语动词invent的承受者，用被动语态；发明篮球是过去发生的动作，用一般过去时态，故选B。
3．A cook will lose his job if he to smoke in the kitchen.A. findsB. foundC. is found【答案】 C【解析】【分析】句意:如果发现厨师在厨房里抽烟，他会失去他的工作。
从语境来看，是“发现他”，故用被动语态。
选C。
及物动词逻辑上的主语作主语时，用主动语态;及物动词逻辑上的宾语做主语时，用被动语态。
4．The students of Class One_________ how to do the experiment in class yesterday．A. taughtB. was taughtC. were taught【答案】 C【解析】【分析】句意是：在昨天的课堂上学生们被教了怎样做实验。
初中被动语态语法讲解(一)语态分类英语动词有两种语态.，主动语态和被动语态。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
如： They will build a new bridge over the river. (主动)A new bridge will be built over the river. (被动) 汉语中常用“被”、“给”、“由”、“受”等词用来表示被动，而英语用：助动词be + 及物动词的过去分词构成。
(二)被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化主要体现在be的变化上，其形式与系动词be的变化形式完全一样。
以give 为例，列表如下：一般现在时：am / is / are + done 一般过去时：was / were + done一般将来时：shall / will + be done 一般过去将来时：should / would + be done现在进行时：am / is / are + being + done 过去进行时：was / were + being + done现在完成时：have / has + been + done 过去完成时：had + been + done将来完成时：shall / will + have been + done 过去将来完成时：should / would + have been + done ［注］被动语态没有将来进行时和过去将来进行时。
(三)常见的八种时态中的被动语态1. 一般现在时：(1)People grow rice in the south of the country. Rice is grown in the south of the country.(2)The school doesn't allow us to enter lab without a teacher. We are not allowed to enter lab without a teacher. 2. 一般过去时：(1)They agreed on building a new car factory last month. a new car building factory was agreed on last month.(2)The students didn't forget his lessons easily. His lessons were not easily forgotten3. 一般将来时：(1)They will send cars abroad by sea. Cars will be sent abroad by sea.(2)They will give plenty of jobs to school-leavers. Plenty of jobs will be given to school-leavers.5. 现在进行时：(1)The radio is broadcasting English lessons. English lessons are being broadcasted on the radio.(2) We are painting the rooms. The rooms are being painted.6. 过去进行时：(1)The workers were mending the road. The road was being mended.(2)This time last year we were planting trees here. Trees were being planted here this time last year.7. 现在完成时：(1)Someone has told me the meeting might be put off.I have been told the meeting might be put off.(2)He has brought his book here. His book has been brought here.(四）含有情态动词的被动语态：含有情态动词的被动语态是由“情态动词+ be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。
The Passive Voice被动语态一、被动语态的构成形式1.被动语态的基本时态变化1)am/is/are +done (过去分词 ) 一般现在时2） has /have been done现在完成时3） am/is /are being done 现在进行时4） was/were done 一般过去时5） had been done 过去完成时6） was/were being done 过去进行时7） shall/will be done 一般将来时8） should/would be done 过去将来时2.被动语态的特殊结构形式1)带情态动词的被动结构。
其形式为：情态动词＋ be ＋过去分词。
例The baby should be taken good care of by the baby-sitter.2)有些动词可以有两个宾语，在用于被动结构时，可以把主动结构中的一个宾语变为主语，另一宾语仍然保留在谓语后面。
例His mother gave him a present for his birthday.可改为 He was given a present by his mother for hisbirthday.3)当“动词 +宾语 + 宾语补足语”结构变为被动语态时，将宾语变为被动结构中的主语，其余不动。
例Someone caught the boy smoking a cigarette.可改为 The boy was caught smoking a cigarette.4）在使役动词 have, make,let以及感官动词 see, watch, notice, hear, feel, observe等后面不定式作宾语补语时，在主动结构中不定式 to 要省略，但变为被动结构时，要加 to。
例Someone saw a stranger walk into the building.可改为 A stranger was seento walk into the building.5) 有些相当于及物动词的动词词组，如“动词＋介词”，“动词＋副词”等，也可以用于被动结构，但要把它们看作一个整体，不能分开。
被动语态详解一、语态分类英语动词有两种语态，主动语态和被动语态。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
如：They will build a new bridge over the river. (主动)A new bridge will be built over the river. (被动)汉语中常用“被”、“给”、“由”、“受”等词用来表示被动，而英语用：助动词be+及物动词的过去分词构成。
二、被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化(1)主要体现在be的变化上，其形式与系动词be 的变化形式完全一样。
以give为例，列表如下：一般现在时：am / is / are + given一般过去时：was / were +given一般将来时：shall / will + given一般过去将来时：should / would + given现在进行时：am / is / are + being + given过去进行时：was / were + being + given现在完成时：have / has + been + given过去完成时：had + been + given将来完成时：shall / will + have been + given过去将来完成时：should / would + have been + given 注：被动语态没有将来进行时和过去将来进行时。
(2)含有情态动词的被动语态：含有情态动词的被动语态是由“情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。
①You must hand in your compositions after class.Your compositions must be handed in after class.②He can write a great many letters with the computer.A great many letters can be written with the computer by him.(3)主动语态变被动语态的方法：①My aunt invited me to her dinner party.主语谓语宾语→I was invited (by my aunt ) to her dinner party.主语谓语宾语②The school set up a special class to help poor readers. →A special class to help poor readers was set up in the school.1.把主动语态的宾语变成被动语态的主语。
专题十动词的被动语态网络知识清单主动语态被动语态动词的语态主动形式表被动意义被动形式表主动意义常考点清单一被动语态的构成及用法一、被动语态的构成1.被动语态的基本结构为：be + 动词的过去分词在被动语态中，主语是动作的承受者，主要用于下列几种情况：1.不知道动作的执行者是谁。
如：This watch is made in China.2. 没有必要指出动作的执行者是谁。
如：More trees must be planted every year.3. 需要强调或突出动作的承受者时。
如：Chinese is spoken by more and more people in the world.4. 句子的主语不是人。
如：Many houses were washed away by the flood.常考点清单二主动鱼台和被动语态的转换一、主动语态变为被动语态1. 要将主动句里的宾语变为被动句中的主语，若主动句中的宾语时人称代词，要将宾语变成主语。
2. 把主动句中的主语变为被动句中的宾语，主格代词变成宾格代词，并由by引导。
3. 谓语动词变成相应的被动形式。
主语语态：动作执行者+ 谓语动词主动形式+ 动作承受者被动语态：动作承受者+ 谓语动词被动形式+ 动作执行者如：We asked him to sing an English song. (变为被动语态)He was asked to sing an English song by us.二、带双宾语的谓语动词变为被动语态谓语动词带双宾语时，既可以将间接宾语转化为主语，也可以将直接宾语转化为主语。
若将间接宾语转化为主语，则保留直接宾语；若将直接宾语转化为主语则保留间接宾语，且在被保留的间接宾语前加上介词to或for。
如：She gave me a book. （变为被动语态）→I was given a book by her. （间接宾语me改为了主语）A book was given to me by her. （直接宾语a book改为了主语）三、动词短语变为被动语态许多由不及物动词和介词、副词构成的动词短语相当于及物动词，可以有宾语，也可以有被动语态。
八种时态主动语态被动语态一般现在时(经常,反复,爱好,特点,条件,真理) do; does am;is;are done一般过去时(过去发生的事,不强调现在的结果) did; -ed was;were done一般将来时(将要发生的事) will do will be done现在进行时(现在正在发生的事) am;is;are doing am;is;are being done过去进行时(当时正在发生的事) was;were doing was;were being done现在完成时(过去发生的事,强调现在的结果) have;has done have;has been done过去完成时(过去完成的事；过去以前发生的事) had done had been done过去将来时(过去将要发生的事) would do would be done八种时态：• He is always ready to help others. 一般现在时• She often came to help us in those days.一般过去式• He is doing his homework now. 现在进行时• At that time she was doing her homework.过去进行时• I've written an article.现在完成时• By the end of last month. We had reviewed four books 。
过去完成时• It is going to rain.一般将来时• I asked who was going there. 过去将来时一般现在时1.概念：经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。
2.时间状语：always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays,3.基本结构：动词原形（如主语为第三人称单数，动词上要改为第三人称单数形式）4.否定形式：am/is/are+not;此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词，则在其前加don't,如主语为第三人称单数，则用doesn't，同时还原行为动词。
被动语态的用法学习被动语态的几个问题被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式，表示句子中的主语是动作的承受者，汉语往往用“被"、“受”、“给”等词来表示被动意义。
1. 被动语态的各种时态被动语态(The Passive Voice）是动词的一种形式，表示主语是谓语动词的承受者。
被动语态便于论述客观事实，故常用于科技文章、新闻报道、书刊介绍以及景物描写.被动语态没有将来进行时、过去将来进The boy is called Johnson.2）一般过去时 Where were you educated?3）一般将来时 The result will not be announced until 6 o’clock.4）现在进行时 The road is being repaired。
5）过去进行时 He was being looked after by his sister.6)现在完成时 She hasn’t been told about it yet.7）过去完成时 She told me that the factory had been closed down.8）将来完成时 This project will have been completed by the end of this year.2。
主动语态变被动语态需要注意的几个问题。
（1)时态保持一致。
The teacher punished him many times for his lateness。
He has been punished many times for his lateness。
(2)谓语为动词短语的被动语态不能丢掉动词短语的介词或副词。
His best friend often looks after him.被动语态He is often looked after by his best friend。
(3）主动语态中若有双宾语，将其中一个宾语变为被动句的主语,另一个宾语不变。
双宾语的句子变被动含有双宾语的动词在变为被动语态时，有以下三种情形：一、有些双宾动词(如award, buy, give, leave, lend, offer, pay, show, teach, tell 等)在变为被动语态时，既可把间接宾语(指人)变为被动语态的主语，而把直接宾语(指事物)保留下来(称为保留宾语)，也可把直接宾语(指事物)变为被动语态的主语，而把间接宾语改为介词to 或for引起的状语(到底用to还是for，与所搭配的动词有关)。
比较：He gave her some money. 他给她一些钱。
→ She was given some money.→Some money was given to him.He bought her a watch. 他给她买了一快表。
→ A watch was bought for her.→She was bought a watch.二、有些双宾动词(如bring, do, make, pass, sell, send, sing, write等)通常用直接宾语(指事物)作被动语态的主语，而将间接宾语用作保留宾语(其前根据情况用介词to或for)：Father made me a doll.→ A doll was made for me.He wrote her a letter.→ A letter was written to her.三、有些双宾动词(如answer, deny, envy, refuse, save, spare等)通常用间接宾语(指人)作被动语态的主语，而将直接宾语用作保留宾语：He answered me that question.→ I was answered that question by him.双宾语的句子变被动有两种变法。
例：The old man told us a story yesterday．（那位老人昨天给我们讲了一个故事。
【英语】动词被动语态知识点总结（word）一、动词被动语态1．— Waiter! I'd like some beef and a vegetable salad.—Sorry, madam. They ___only for lunch. Why not consider _________something else?A. served; to orderB. served; orderingC. are served; orderingD. are served; to order 【答案】 C【解析】【分析】句意：——服务员！我想要一些牛肉和一份蔬菜沙拉。
——对不起，女士，他们只在午饭提供。
为什么不考虑点别的东西？根据they和serve的关系是被动的，被提供，可知填入are served，结合短语consider doing sth，考虑做某事，可知第二个空填入ordering，故选C。
【点评】考查被动语态和短语consider doing sth，注意语态和短语的用法。
2．—A new bridge in our hometown last year.— Really? Our hometown must be more beautiful.A. is builtB. was builtC. built【答案】 B【解析】【分析】句意：－去年，在我们故乡建了一座新的桥梁。
－真的吗？我们故乡一定更美了。
A. is built一般现在时态的被动语态；B. was built一般过去时态的被动语态；C. built一般过去时态的主动语态。
本题描述的是去年发生的过去动作，句子用一般过去时态；主语bridge是谓语动词build的承受者，句子用被动语态。
故选B。
【点评】此题考查一般过去时的被动语态。
3．Dr Bethune ________ still________ in both China and Canada today.A. is; rememberedB. is; rememberingC. will; rememberD. has; remembered【答案】A【解析】【分析】句意：如今白求恩医生仍然被中国和加拿大的人民记着。
各种时态的被动语态一、八大时态的被动语态的构成：1．一般现在时的被动语态构成：（am/is/are +done）如：I am asked to study hard. 我被请求努力学习。
This shirt is washed once a week. 这件T恤一周洗一次。
These songs are usually sung by boys. 这些歌曲通常是男生唱的。
2．一般过去时的被动语态构成：（was/were done）如：The soldier was killed, but the train was saved. 这位战士牺牲了，然而列车得救了。
Some notes were passed up to the speaker. 有人给讲演者递上来一些纸条。
3．一般将来时的被动语态构成：（shall/will be done）如：We shall be asked a lot of strange questions. 我们将被问许多怪题。
My son will be sent to school next September. 来年九月我将送我儿子去读书。
4．过去将来时的被动语态构成：（should/would be done）如：The news would be sent to him as soon as it arrived. 消息一到就会转给他的。
He told us that the new railway would be built the next year. 他告诉我新铁路将在明年修建。
5．现在完成时的被动语态构成：（has/have been done）如：The work has just been finished. 工作刚刚结束。
The old rules have been done away with by us. 旧规章已经被我们废除了。
6．过去完成时的被动语态构成：（had been done）如：By last December three ships had been built by them. 到去年十二月底他们已建造了三艘船。
100 tractors had been produced by the end of last year. 在去年年底前生产了100辆拖拉机。
7．现在进行时的被动语态构成：（am/is/are being done）如：The bridge is being repaired. 桥梁正在修复中。
The new library is being built by the workers. 新的图书馆正在被工人们建设中。
8．过去进行时的被动语态构成：（was/were being done）如：A meeting was being held when I was there. 我在时，会议在开着。
The college was being built at this time last year. 去年这个时候这所大学正在建设中。
二、被动语态的用法：1．强调动作的承受者(有时用by 短语来强调动作的执行者)：Xiao Li was made monitor of the class. 小李被选为班长。
This work must be done by you, and not by me. 这件工作必须由你做，而不是我来做。
2．不知道或不必说出动作的执行者：His bike was stolen last night. 他的自行车昨晚被人偷走了。
Every year a lot os people are killed in the traffic accidents.每年都有许多人死于交通事故。
3．为了表示委婉或礼貌，避免提及动作执行者或说话者自己：Everybody is expected to obey the following rules. 希望大家遵守以下规定。
You are friendly invited to come to our English party at 8：00 p.m. tomorrow.敬请您明天晚上8：00光临我们的英语晚会。
4．动作的执行者是无生命的事物：The house was struck by lightning. 那房子被闪电所击中。
The famous museum was practically ruined by the big fire.大火使这家著名的博物馆几乎全部毁坏。
5．使句子连接自然或更加简洁、匀称。
The old professor gave a lecture on American hisotry and was well received.这位老教授作了一个有关美国历史的讲座，受到大家的热烈欢迎。
The book which had been lost was found and was returned to the library.那本丢失的书找到后被还回到图书馆。
三、特殊情况下的被动语态：1．带情态动词的被动结构，其形式为：情态动词＋be＋过去分词，如：This must be kept in mind. 我们必须把这个记在心里。
I ought to be criticized for it. 我应该为此受到批评.2．带双宾语的被动结构，习惯上把间宾提前，也可把直宾提前，但不要遗漏介词：I was given a toy at Christmas. 或A toy was given to me at Christmas.父亲在圣诞节送我一个玩具。
He was offered some assistance. 或Some assistance was offered to him.他们向他提供一些帮助。
3．带复合宾语的被动结构，只将宾语提前，宾补不动（但make, see, hear等宾补省略的to，变被动结构时要加to）。
The boy was caught smoking a cigarette. 男孩被看到正在吸烟。
They were made to work day and night. 他们被迫黑天白天得工作。
四、被动语态与系表结构的区别：被动语态与系表结构都是由“be+过去分词”来构成，其区别如下：1．如果强调动作或句中有介词by引导出动作的执行者，该句一般为被动语态，否则为系表结构。
The glass is broken．玻璃杯碎了。
（系表结构）The glass was broken by the boy．玻璃杯被那男孩打碎了。
（被动语态）2．如果句中有地点、频率或时间状语时，一般为被动语态。
The door is locked．门锁上了。
（系表结构）The door has already/just been locked．门已经被锁上了。
（被动语态）3．被动语态除用于一般时态和完成时态外，还可以用于进行或将来时态，而系表结构中的系动词be只有一般时态和完成时态。
The machine is being repaired．正在修理机器。
（被动语态）A new school will be built here．将在这里建一所新学校。
（被动语态）一般将来时态的被动语态一、一般将来时态的被动语态的基本结构的构成：1．一般将来时态的被动语态的肯定式为：shall / will + be + done。
(shall 用于第一人称；will用于各种人称) 如：We shall be punished if we break the rule.如果我们违反规定，我们将要受到惩罚。
The new film will be shown next Thursday.这部新电影将在下周四上映。
2．一般将来时态的被动语态的否定式为：shall / will + not + be + done.（可缩写成shan’t或won’t）如：The meeting won’t be held tomorrow.明天不再举行会议。
The exhibition won’t be put off till next week.展览会将不会推迟到下周。
3．一般将来时态的被动语态的一般疑问句需将shall / will提到主语的前面。
（回答用yes或no）如：Won’t water be turned into ice, it it is belwo freezing?如果气温在冰点之下，水难道不会变成冰吗？---Will the work be finished at once? ---Yes, it will.---这项工作会立刻被完成吗？---是的，立刻就完成。
4．一般将来时态的被动语态的特殊疑问句为：疑问词+ shall / will + S + be + done。
如：When will these books be published?这些书将在什么时候被出版？Whom will this book be written by?谁来写这本书？二、一般将来时态的被动语态的其他结构构成：1．be going to be doneSome old buildings are going to be put down.一些旧的楼房将被推倒。
The problem isn’t going to be discussed at the meeting tomorrow.这个问题将不在明天的会议上被讨论。
---Are these trees going to be cut down？---Yes，they are.---这些树将被砍倒吗？---是的，将被砍倒2．be to be doneThe sports meet is to be held on April 10.运动会将于四月十日举行。
The machines are not to be repaired tonight.今晚将不会修理这些机器。
---Are new textbooks to be published next week？---No, they aren’t.新教科书将在下周出版吗？不，不是。
三、一般将来时态的被动语态的用法：1．一般将来时态的被动语态的同它的主动语态一样，强调表示根据计划或安排将要发生的被动性动作。
The new film will be shown next Thursday.这部新电影将在下周四上映。
A lot of athletes will be invited to Beijing.好多运动员将被邀请到北京来。
