全新版_大学英语_第二版_综合教程_1_翻译_Unit_5

Book 1 Unit 5Listen to the recording two or three times and then think over the following questions:1. Do you have a favorite love song? What is its name? Who is the singer? Can you sing or hum the tune?2. What is the song you have just heard mainly about?3. Do you think it appropriate to begin this unit with a love song? Why or why not?The following word in the recording may be new to you:rhyme n.韵; 韵味Everywhere the whole world over people have always felt that music and romance go together. As Shakespeare said, music is the food of love. And so, as we have two love stories for you to read, what better way to start than with a love song? Here, then, is Martina McBride singing to her Valentine.ValentineMartina McBrideIf there were no wordsNo way to speakI would still hear youIf there were no tearsNo way to feel insideI'd still feel for youAnd even if the sun refused to shineEven if romance ran out of rhymeYou would still have my heart until the end of timeYou're all I need, my love, my ValentineAll of my lifeI have been waiting for youAll you give to meYou've opened my eyesAnd shown me how to love unselfishlyI've dreamed of this a thousand times beforeBut in my dreams I couldn't love you moreI will give you my heartUntil the end of timeYou're all I need, my love, my ValentineAnd even if the sun refused to shineEven if romance ran out of rhymeYou would still have my heart until the end of time'Cause all I need is you, my ValentineYou're all I need, my love, my ValentineText AA letter or telephone call comes from someone you have not met, andyou find yourself imagining what the person looks like, putting a face tothe hidden voice. Are you any good at this? Sometimes it is easy to get itwrong.一个你从没有见过的人给你寄来一封信或打来一个电话，而你不知不觉地想象着这个人是个什么样儿，赋予这个隐秘的声音一张面孔。

Unit 1 Growing UPPart Text A Writing for MyselfⅡWhen we are writing we are often told to keep our readers in mind, to shape what we say to fit their tastes and interests. But there is one reader in particular who should not be forgotten. Can you guess who? Russell Baker surprised himself and everyone else when he discovered the answer.我们写作时常常被告诫，脑子里要有读者，笔者所云一定要符合读者的口味和兴趣。

但有一位读者特别不该忘记。

你能猜出是谁吗？当拉塞尔·贝克找到这个问题的答案时，他自己和别人都感到大为惊讶。

Writing for MyselfRussell Baker1The idea of becoming a writer had come to me off and on since my childhood in Belleville, but it wasn't until my third year in high school that the possibility took hold. Until then I've been bored by everything associated with English courses. I found English grammar dull and difficult. I hated the assignments to turn out long, lifeless paragraphs that were agony for teachers to read and for me to write.为自己而写拉塞尔·贝克从孩提时代，我还住在贝尔维尔时，我的脑子里就断断续续地转着当作家的念头，但直等到我高中三年级，这一想法才有了实现的可能。

Unit 1 Growing UpⅡ. Translation1.那是个正规宴会，我照妈妈对我讲的那样穿着礼服去了。

（formal）As it was a formal dinner party, I wore formal dress, as Mother told me to.2.他的女朋友劝他趁抽烟的坏习惯尚未根深蒂固之前把它改掉。

（take hold） His girlfriend advised him to get out of/get rid of his bad habit of smoking before it took hold.3.他们预料到下几个月电的需求量很大，决定增加生产。

（anticipate）Anticipating that the demand for electricity will be high during the next few months, they have decided to increase its production.4.据说比尔因一再违反公司的安全规章而被解雇。

（violate）It is said that Bill has been fired for continually violating the company’s safety rules. / Bill is said to have been fired for continually violating the company’s safety rules.5.据报道地方政府已采取适当措施避免严重缺水（water shortage）的可能性。

（avoid, severe）It is reported that the government has taken proper measures to avoid the possibility of a severe water shortage. /The local government is reported to have taken proper measures to avoid the possibility of a severe water shortage.苏珊（Susan）因车祸失去了双腿。

Unit1 A Learning, Chinese-StyleUnit2 A A Life Full of RichesUnit3 A Father Knows BetterUnit4 A A Virtual LifeUnit5 A True HeightUnit6 A A Woman Can Learn Anything a Man CanUnit1Howard Gardner, a professor of education at Harvard University, reflects on a visit to China and gives his thoughts on different approaches to learning in China and the West.哈佛大学教育学教授霍华德·加德纳回忆其中国之行，阐述他对中西方不同的学习方式的看法。

Learning, Chinese-StyleHoward Gardner 1 For a month in the spring of 1987, my wife Ellen and I lived in the bustling eastern Chinese city of Nanjing with our 18-month-old son Benjamin while studying arts education in Chinese kindergartens and elementary schools. But one of the most telling lessons Ellen and I got in the difference between Chinese and American ideas of education came not in the classroom but in the lobby of the Jinling Hotel where we stayed in Nanjing.中国式的学习风格霍华德·加德纳1987年春，我和妻子埃伦带着我们18个月的儿子本杰明在繁忙的中国东部城市南京住了一个月，同时考察中国幼儿园和小学的艺术教育情况。

Unit 5Text A翻译（黑体字是课后填空题）The company man公司的人Ellen Goodman艾伦·古德曼1He worked himself to death, finally and precisely, at 3:00 A.M. Sunday morning.最终，他于星期天凌晨3点工作致死。

2The obituary didn't say that, of course. It said that he died of a coronary thrombosis--I think that was it--but everyone among his friends and acquaintances knew it instantly. He was a perfect Type A, a workaholic, a classic, they said to each other and shook their heads--and thought for five or ten minutes about the way they lived.当然，讣告上没有这样写。

讣告上写的是死于冠状动脉血栓证，但他的好友和熟识的人都心知肚明。

他们互相握着手，摇头叹息地说他是一个追求完美的A型血人，一个典型的工作狂，然后用几分钟时间来反思自己的生活方式。

3This man who worked himself to death finally and precisely at 3:00 A.M. Sunday morning--on his day off--was fifty-one years old and a vice-president. He was, however, one of six vice-presidents, and one of three who might conceivably--if the president died or retired soon enough--have moved to the top spot. Phil knew that.这个男人最终在星期天凌晨三点整工作致死。

unit 5part i pre-reading tasklisten to the recording two or three times and then think over the following questions:1.what happened to the singer2.what helped her pull through all the hardships she suffered3.what is the tone of the songpart iitext alook at the following two sayings and then see if the story of michael stone bears out the points they make.¡ª¡ª molierewhen it is dark enough, you can see the stars.¡ª¡ª charles a, beardtrue heightdavid nasterwhere he flew would always coincide with his mother's stories. wherever he flew was with a keen eye for detail and the free spirit of his mother's love. his dad, on the other hand, was not a dreamer. bert stone was a hardcore realist. he believed in hard work and sweat. his motto: if you want something, work for it! from the age of 14, michael did just that. he began a very careful training program. he worked out every other day with weightlifting, with some kind of running work on alternate days. the program was carefully monitored by michael's coach, trainer and father. michael's dedication, determination and discipline wasa coach's dream. besides being an honor student and only child, michael stone continued to help his parents with their farm chores. mildred stone, michael's mother, wished he could relax a bit more and be that "free dreaming" little boy.on one occasion she attempted to talk to him and his father about this, but hisdad quickly interrupted, smiled and said, "you want something, work for it!"when michael cleared the bar at 17 feet 2 inches and 17 feet 4 inches, again he showed no emotion. as he lay on his back and heard the crowd groan, he knew the other vaulter had missed his final jump. he knew it was time for his final jump. since the other vaulter had fewer misses, michael needed to clear this vault to win. a miss would get him second place. nothing to be ashamed of, but michaelwould not allow himself the thought of not winning first place.he rolled over and did his routine of three finger-tipped push-ups. he found his pole, stood and stepped on the runway that led to the most challenging event ofhis 17-year-old life.the runway felt different this time. it startled him for a brief moment. then itall hit him like a wet bale of hay. the bar was set at nine inches higher than his personal best. that's only one inch off the national record, he thought. the intensity of the moment filled his mind with anxiety. he began shaking the tension. it wasn't working. he became more tense. why was this happening to him now, he thought. he began to get nervous. afraid would be a more accurate description.what was he going to do he had never experienced these feelings. then out of nowhere, and from the deepest depths of his soul, he pictured his mother. why now what was his mother doing in his thoughts at a time like this it was simple. his mother always used to tell him when you felt tense, anxious or even scared, take deep breaths.so he did. along with shaking the tension from his legs, he gently laid his poleat his feet. he began to stretch out his arms and upper body. the light breezethat was once there was now gone. he carefully picked up his pole. he felt hisheart pounding. he was sure the crowd did, too. the silence was deafening. when he heard the singing of some distant birds in flight, he knew it was his time to fly. as he began sprinting down the runway, something felt wonderfully different, yet familiar. the surface below him felt like the country road he used to dream about. visions of the golden wheat fields seemed to fill his thoughts. when he took a deep breath, it happened. he began to fly. his take-off was effortless. michael stone was now flying, just like in his childhood dreams. only this time he knew he wasn't dreaming. this was real. everything seemed to be moving in slow motion. the air around him was the purest and freshest he had ever sensed. michael was soaring like an eagle.with all the media attention and sponsorship possibilities, michael's life would never be the same again. it wasn't just because he won the national junior olympics and set a new world record. and it wasn't because he had just increased his personal best by 9 l/2 inches. it was simply because michael stone is blind. (1170 words)new words and expressionsbear outprove that (sth.) is true ֤ʵsweatvi. ³öº¹n. º¹Ë®toweln. ë½í£¬ÊÖ½ípole-vaultvi., n. ³Å¸ÍÌø¸ßvaultn. ³Å¸ÍÌø¸ß (=pole vault)£»³ÅÎïÌøÔ¾gracen. quality of being smooth and elegant, esp. in movement or structure ÓÅÃÀ£¬ÓÅÑÅ£»ÑÅÖÂgymnastn. Ìå²Ù¼Ò£¬Ìå²ÙÔ˶¯Ô±body buildern. ½¡ÃÀÔ˶¯Ô±merea.nothing more than ½ö½ö£¬Ö»²»¹ýfantasyn. »ÃÏënumerousa.very many Ðí¶àµÄ£¬ÎÞÊýµÄpassionn. strong feeling, esp. of love ÈÈÇédetailn. small, particular fact or item ϸ½Ú£¬ËöËéµÄÊÂrecur¡øoutrun (outran, outrun)vt. run faster or better than; go beyondÅܵñȡ­¿ì£»Åܵñȡ­ºÃ£»³¬¹ýeaglen. Ó¥coincide¡øvi. happen at the same time; be in agreement ͬʱ·¢Éú£»Ò»ÖÂcoincide withÓ롭ͬʱ·¢Éú£»Óë¡­Ò»ÖÂhard-corea.Íç¹Ì²»»¯µÄcoren. the most important part ºËÐÄrealistn. a person who deals in a practical way with situations as they actually are ÏÖʵÖ÷ÒåÕßmotton. ¸ñÑÔ£¬×ùÓÒÃúwork outgo through a physical exercise session ÌåÓý¶ÍÁ¶£¬ÑµÁ·weightliftingn. ¾ÙÖØ£¨Ô˶¯£©alteinate¡øa.every other or second; happening by turns ½»ÌæµÄ£»ÂÖÁ÷µÄcoachn. £¨ÌåÓýÔ˶¯µÄ£©½ÌÁ·dedicationn. giving oneself, time, effort, etc. (to sth.) ·îÏ×£¬Ï×Éídedicate¡øvt. Ï×ÉíÓÚ£¬ÖÂÁ¦ÓÚchoren. ¼ÒÍ¥ÔÓÎñrelaxon one/two/several occasion(s)ÓÐÒ»£¨Á½£¬¼¸£©´Îvaina.too pleased with one's own abilities or looks ÐéÈٵģ¬×Ô¸ºµÄbarn. ºá¸Ë£»Ìõ£»¿éinflatev. fill (sth.) with air £¨Ê¹£©³äÆø£¬£¨Ê¹£©ÅòÕÍmatn. µæ×Ó£»Ï¯×Ón. ¾ºÕùÕߣ¬¶ÔÊÖemotionn. Çé¸Ð£¬¸ÐÇépreparationn. the act or process of preparing ×¼±¸be ashamed offinger-tippeding or operated by the fingers ÓÃÊÖµÄpush-upn. (ame) ¸©ÎÔ³Årunwayn. ÅܵÀstartle¡øvt. give a sudden shock or surprise to ʹ´ó³ÔÒ»¾ªbalen. £¨Ò»£©´óÀ¦£¬£¨Ò»£©´ó°ühayn. ¸É²Ýintensityn. the state of being intense Ç¿ÁÒ¡¢¾çÁÒ£¬½ôÕÅanxietyn. a feeling of worry or fear ÓÇÂÇ£¬µ£ÐÄtensionn. worry or nervousness ½ôÕÅ£¬²»°²tensea.feeling worried or nervous; making people worried or nervous½ôÕŵģ»ÁîÈ˽ôÕŵÄalong withtogether with Á¬Í¬stretch outÉìÕ¹breezen. ΢·ç£¬Çá·çdeafenvt. make (sb.) unable to hear, esp. for a short time ʹÁûdeafa.unable to hear at all or to hear well ¶úÁûµÄsprintvi. run at one's fastest speed, esp. for a short distance ¼²ÅÜtake-offn. ÆðÌø£»£¨·É»ú£©Æð·Éeffortlessa.needing little or no effort ÈÝÒ׵ģ¬²»·ÑÁ¦ÆøµÄeruptionn. ±¬·¢erupt¡ø vi.thumpn. (noise made by) a heavy blow ÖØ»÷£¨Éù£©bring (sb.) back to earthʹ»Øµ½ÏÖʵÖÐin one's mind's eyeÔÚÏëÏóÖÐcongratulatevt. ×£ºØmedian. ´óÖÚ´«²¥Ã½½ésponsorshipn. ×ÊÖú£»ÔÞÖúproper namesdavid naster´óÎÀ¡¤ÄÉÊ·ÌØthe olympics = olympic games °ÂÁÖÆ¥¿ËÔ˶¯»ámichaelÂõ¿Ë¶û£¨ÄÐ×ÓÃû£©bert²®ÌØ£¨ÄÐ×ÓÃû£¬albert, herbert, bertramµÄêdzƣ¬Òà×÷burt£©mildredÃ׶ûµÂÀïµÂ£¨Å®×ÓÃû£©language sense enhancement1.read aloud paragraphs 9-10 and learn them by heart.2.read aloud the following poem written by the american deaf-blind writer andeducationist, helen keller (1880-1968).facing fatehelen kellersecurity is mostly a superstition.it does not exist in nature,nor do the children or men as a whole experience it.avoiding danger is no safer in the long runthan outright exposure.life is either a daring adventure, or nothing.to keep our faces toward change andbehave like free spiritsin the presence of fate is strength undefeatable.3.read the following quotations. learn them by heart if you can. you might needto look up new words in a dictionary.¡ª¡ª helen kellerno pain, no palm; no thorns, no throne; no gall, no glory; no cross, no crown.¡ª¡ª william pennall rising to great place is by a winding stair.¡ª¡ªfrancis baconif we face our tasks with the resolution to solve them, who shall say that anything is impossible.¡ª¡ª wilfred grenfell4.read the following humorous story for fun. you might need to look up newwords in a dictionary." dear brother, how delightful to join you in prayer when only a moment ago i feared for my life," the missionary said." don't interrupt," said the lion, "i'm just saying grace."11111111。

1.我们的计算机系统出了毛病，但我觉得问题比较小。

We have a problem with the computer system, but I think it is fairly minor.2.父亲去世时我还小，不能独立生活。

就在那时，家乡的父老接过来养育我(my upbringing) 的责任。

My father died when I was too young to live on my own. The people of my hometown took over responsibility for my upbringing at that point.3.这些玩具必得在达到严格的安全要求后才可出售给儿童。

the toys have to meet strict safety requirements before they can be sold to children.4.作为新闻和舆论的载体(carrier)，广播和电视补充了而不是替代了报纸。

Radio and television have supplemented rather than replaced the newspaper as carriers of new and opinion.5.至于这本杂志，它刊载世界各地许多报纸杂志上文章的摘要。

When it comes to this magazine, it is a digest of articles from many newspapers and magazines around the world;1.虽然受到全球金融危机后果的巨大影响,但是我们仍然相信我们能够面对挑战,克服危机Though greatly affected by the consequences of the global financial crisis, we arestill confident that we can face up to the challenge and overcome the crisis.2.在持续不断的沙尘暴的威胁下，我们被迫离开我们喜爱的村庄，搬迁到新的地方。

Unit 5 Animal WorldDo Animals Have A Culture?by John Fried[1] Lately, social scientists have begun to ask if culture is found just in humans, or if some animals have a culture too. When we speak of culture, we mean a way of life a group of people have in common. Culture includes the beliefs and attitudes we learn. It is the patterns of behavior that help people to live together. It is also the patterns of behavior that make one group different from another group.[2] Our culture lets us make up for having lost our strength, claws, long teeth, and other defenses. Instead, we use tools, cooperate with one another, and communicate with language. But these aspects of human behavior, or “culture”, can also be found in the lives of certain animals.[3] We used to think that the ability to use tools was the dividing line between human beings and other animals. Lately, however, we have found that this is not the case. Chimpanzees can not only use tools but actually make tools themselves. This is a major step up from simply picking up a handy object and using it. For example, chimpanzees have been seen stripping the leaves off a branch, then putting it into a termite nest. When the termites bite at the stick, the chimpanzee removes it and eats them off the end—like our use of a fork.[4] For some time we thought that although human beings learned their culture, animals could not be taught such behavior. Or even if they could learn, they would not teach one another in the way humans do. This, too, has proven to be untrue. A group of Japanese monkeys was studied at the Kyoto University Monkey Center in Japan. They were given sweet potatoes by scientists who wanted to attract them to the shore of an island. One day a young female began to wash her sweet potato to get rid of the sand. This practice soon spread throughout the group. It became learned behavior, not from humans but from other monkeys. Now almost all the monkeys who have not come into contact with this group do not. Thus there is a “cultural” difference among animals.[5] We have ruled out tool use and invention as ways of telling animal behavior from human behavior. We have also ruled out the learning and sharing of behavior. Yet we still have held onto the last feature—language. But even the use of language can no longer separate human culture from animal culture. Attempts to teach apes to speak have failed. However, this is because apes do not have the proper vocal organs. But teaching them language has been very successful if we are willing to accept other forms than just the spoken word. Two psychologists trained a chimpanzee named Washoe to use StandardAmerican Sign Language. This is the same language used by deaf people. In this language, “talk” is made through gestures, and not by spelling out w ords with individual letters. By the time she was five years old, Washoe had a vocabulary of 130 signs. Also, she could put them together in new ways that had not been taught her originally. This means she could create language and not just mimic it. She creates her own sentences that have real meaning. This has allowed two-way talk. It permits more than one-way command and response.[6] Of course, there are limits to the culture of animals. As far as we know, no ape has formed social institutions such as religion or law. Also, some chimpanzees may be able to learn sign language, but this form of language is limited in its ability to communicate abstract ideas. Yet with a spoken language we can communicate our entire culture to anyone else who knows that language. Perhaps the most important thing is that the line dividing us from them is not as clear as we used to think.动物拥有文化吗?1 只有人类拥有文化呢，还是某些动物也同样拥有文化，这是社会科学家们最近才提出来的问题。

Unit1ankleｎ．踝，踝节部bankｎ．银行，储库boltｖ．逃跑，猛冲buttｎ．屁股calf ｎ．小腿肚careen ｖ．使倾斜colleague ｎ．同事confusionｎ．混乱descent ｎ．下降devastatingａ．毁灭性的dilemmaｎ．困难的选择drawstringｎ．拉绳flightｎ．一段楼梯或阶梯gaspｎ．喘气声heavysetａ．体格魁伟的illusionｎ．幻觉lash ｖ．猛烈地冲击lobby ｎ．大厅，休息室pandemonium ｎ．喧嚣；极端混乱嘈杂的地方purgatoryｎ．灾难；涤罪ripｖ．撕rumbleｎ．隆隆声sap soakｖ．浸，泡spasmｎ．抽筋stairwellｎ．楼梯井swayｖ．摇晃ultimateａ．极端的cast into 卷入find one’s way to找到guinea pig豚鼠off and on断断续续wade into 涉入window shade 百叶窗1.那部关于古代战争的电影采用了先进的技术，令观众仿佛身临其境Thanks to modern technology, the film about that ancient battle gives the audience the illusion of being on the battlefield themselves.2.在那场大火中，整个古城毁于一旦，但是这块石碑却幸运地保存了下来That ancient city was devastated by the fire, but fortunately the stone tablet survived.3.他们看了那段录像，听了那位妇女的讲述，心里充满了对那位地震孤儿的同情The videotape and the story by the woman filled them with sympathy for the child who had become an orphan in the earthquake.4.那场大地震中，我们听到过太多太多教师的事迹，他们拒绝离开学生自己逃生，献出了自己的生命In that earthquake, we heard many stories of teachers who had refused to leave their students behind and laid down their lives.5.豫园的建造始于1558年，但由于资金短缺时建时停，1578年才建成The construction of the Y u Y uan Garden began in 1558, but it was not completed until 1578 because building went off and on for lack of money.6.1980年我遇到她时，她刚从国外读完硕士回来In 1980, when I met up with her, she had just returned from abroad with a master’s degree.7.这是我第一次来纽约，但我还是设法找到了那家小公司It was my first visit to New Y ork, but I managed to find my way to the little firm.8.在电影界要达到顶峰是非常困难的，但是作为一名导演谢晋做到了It is hard to make it to the top in the movie industry, but as a director Xie Jin did it.unit2accomplished ａ．完成的adolescent ａ．青春期的ｎ．aging 老龄化过程agony ｎ．痛苦aptａ．有???倾向，易于???aspectｎ．方面awaitｖ．等待blazer contentmentｎ．满足contradict ｖ．反驳，同???矛盾contrastｎ．明显的差异convinceｖ．使信服criticalａ．决定性的，关键的delayｖ．使耽搁，延期devilｎ．邪恶diet ｖ．节食distinct ａ．明显的，显著的feverishlyａｄ．激动地frame ｎ．框架；体格freak ｎ．怪人jogｖ．慢跑lanklyａ．瘦的，细长的loose-fittingｑ．宽大的megadoseｎ．（维生素等）大剂量muscularａ．肌肉的pleadｖ．央求，恳求premise ｎ．前提pursueｖ．从事quirkｎ．怪癖saint ｎ．圣经sanity ｎ．神智健全；头脑清楚sliceｎ．片tailorｖ．缝制teen ｎ．青少年though ａｄ．但是un-American unsettlingａ．使人不安的waist ｎ．腰wiry ａ．瘦而结实的worshipｖ．崇拜be obsessed with 痴迷于keep score 记分milk shake奶昔pecan pie 山核桃馅饼take up with 开始于???来往；开始产生兴趣work out 锻炼1.如今许多爱慕虚荣的年轻人，尽管还不富裕，但却迷上了漂亮的小轿车Many vain young people are obsessed with fancy cars despite the fact that they are not yet rich enough to afford them.2.当他的婚外恋被妻子发现后，他们的婚姻终于破裂了Their marriage finally fell apart when his affair with another woman was found out by his wife. 3.那位艺术家为了获得创作的灵感，在农村住了三年，放弃了生活上的许多享受For artistic inspiration, the artist lived in the country for three years, where he denied himself many comforts of life.4.我不知道明天去崇明岛的远足活动能不能成行，因为这要取决于会不会下雨I’m not sure if we can have the excursion to Chongming Island tomorrow. It is at the mercy of the weather.5.他早年到日本学医，回国后却改变了主意，一辈子从事文学创作When he was young he went to Japan to learn medicine, but after he returned to China he changed his mind and pursued a career as a writer all his life.6.她最近和足以做他父亲的老头好上了。