四川大学及大学生期中考试试卷(A卷)-最新版
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四川大学期中考试试卷一、填空(每空3分,共15分)1.设A 、B 、C 是三随机事件,已知41)()()(===C P B P A P ,0=)(AB P ,91)()(==BC P AC P ,则=)(C B A P 3617.3617)]()()()()()()([1)(1)(:=+---++-=⋃⋃-=ABC P BC P AC P AB P C P B P A P C B A P C B A P 解 2.一袋中有4个红球,6个白球,随机地取出3球,则其中至少有1个红球的概率是65.656111)0(1)1(:31036=-=-==-=≥C C X P X P X 为:红球个数,则所求概率设解3. 设随机变量X 有分布函数23),(+=X Y x F ,则Y 有分布函数)32(-y F X .)32()32()23()()(:-=-≤=≤+=≤=y F y X P y X P y Y P y F X Y 解5. 设随机变量X 在[1,4]上服从均匀分布,则概率=≤)(32X P 313-.31331)()3(31322-===≤⎰⎰≤dx dx x f X P x 解法一: ⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧≤≤≤≤=⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧≤>-+==⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧≤≤=其它则可得令其它解法二:,0)41(161,610,00)],()([21)(,,041,31)(2y y yy y y f y f yy f X Y x x f X X Y X ⎰-==≤=≤31231361)3()3(dy yY P X P 故 二、单项选择(每空3分,共15分)1. 设A 、B 是事件,且B A ⊂,则下式正确的是 D . (A )P (AB )=P (B )(B )P (B | A )=P (B )(C ))()(A P A B P =(D ))()(A P B P ≤ 2. 设A ,B 是事件,31==)()(B P A P ,61|=)(B A P ,则 =)(B A P | B .127)(1|=⋃-⋃==)(=)()()()()(解:B P B A P B P B A P B P B A P B A P(A )125(B )127(C )31(D )43 3. 甲、乙二人独立地向目标射击一次,其命中率分别为0.6,0.5,现已知目标被击中,则它只是由乙击中的概率是 C .(A )52 B )92 C )41 D )21418.02.0)()()())(())(|(==⋃=⋃⋃=⋃B A P B A P B A P B A B A P B A B A P B A B A 独立,则所求概率为与标,分别表示甲、乙射中目、设解: 4. 设随机变量X 有密度⎩⎨⎧<<=其它010,4)(3x x x f则使概率)()(a X P a X P <=>的常数=a A .(A )421 (B )42(C )321 (D )4211-440321214)(21)()()(1)(====≤≤<=≤-=>⎰a a dx x a X P a X P a X P a X P a X P a解得而=得由解:5. 已知),,(~2a a N X 且b aX Y +=服从标准正态分布)1,0(N 则 B 成立.(A )⎩⎨⎧==11b a(B )⎩⎨⎧-==11b a(C )⎩⎨⎧-=-=11b a(D )⎩⎨⎧=-=11b a1,1)1,0(~-==-b a N aaX 知由正态变量的标准化解:三、解答题1. (9分)设每张体育彩票是一个7位数,求在某次摇奖时,(1)出现7位数全不相同的概率;(2)至少有两位数字相同的概率;(3)恰好三个位置上数字相同,其余位置上数字全都不相同的概率。
四川大学期终考试试卷(开卷)
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四川省成都市第十二中学(四川大学附属中学)2024-2025学年高二上学期期中考试数学试题一、单选题1.直线30x +=的倾斜角是()A .30︒B .60︒C .120︒D .150︒2.从装有2个白球和2个黑球的口袋内任取两个球,那么互斥而不对立的事件()A .至少有一个黑球与都是黑球B .至少有一个黑球与至少有一个白球C .恰好有一个黑球与恰好有两个黑球D .至少有一个黑球与都是白球3.“1m =-”是“直线1:210l mx y ++=与直线211:022l x my ++=平行”的()A .充要条件B .必要不充分条件C .充分不必要条件D .既不充分也不必要4.设x ,y ∈R ,向量(),1,1a x =r ,()1,,1b y =r ,()2,4,2c =- ,且a b ⊥ ,b c ∥,则a b + 等于()A .B .3C D .45.甲、乙两个跑步爱好者利用微信运动记录了去年下半年每个月的跑步里程(单位:公里),现将两人的数据绘制成如图所示的折线图,则下列结论中正确的是()A .乙跑步里程的极差等于31B .甲跑步里程的中位数是245C .分别记甲乙下半年每月跑步里程的标准差为1s ,2s ,则12s s >D .分别记甲、乙下半年每月跑步里程的平均数为1m ,2m ,则12m m >6.已知A(3,1),B(-1,2),若∠ACB 的平分线方程为y =x +1,则AC 所在的直线方程为()A .y =2x +4B .y =12x -3C .x -2y -1=0D .3x +y +1=07.若圆C :()()22212x y -+-=关于直线260ax by ++=对称,则由点(),M a b 向圆C 所作的切线长的最小值是()A .B C .4D .8.在平行六面体1111ABCD A B C D -中,90BAD∠=,1160BAA DAA ∠=∠= ,12AB AD AA ===,则异面直线1B D 与11A C 所成角的余弦值为()A B C .34D .3二、多选题9.下列说法正确的是()A .用简单随机抽样的方法从含有50个个体的总体中抽取一个容量为5的样本,则个体m 被抽到的概率是0.1B .数据13,27,24,12,14,30,15,17,19,23的第70百分位数是23C .已知数据1x ,2x ,L ,10x 的极差为6,方差为2,则数据121x +,221x +,L ,1021x +的极差和方差分别为12,8D .数据1x ,2x ,L ,10x 的平均数为90,方差为3;数据1y ,2y ,L ,15y 的平均数为85,方差为5,则1x ,2x ,L ,10x ,1y ,2y ,L ,15y 的平均数为87,方差为10.210.已知直线l :50x y -+=与圆C :22270x y x +--=,下列说法正确的是()A .点()3,1A 在圆C 外B .直线l 与圆C 相离C .点P 为圆C 上的动点,点Q 为直线l 上的动点,则PQ 的取值范围是)+∞D .将直线l 下移4个单位后得到直线l ',则圆C 上有且仅有3个点到直线l '的距离为11.半正多面体(semiregularsolid )亦称“阿基米德多面体”,是由边数不全相同的正多边形围成的多面体,体现了数学的对称美.二十四等边体就是一种半正多面体,是由正方体切截而成的,它由八个正三角形和六个正方形构成(如图所示),下列结论正确的是()A .E CB F ,,,四点共面B .在线段CD 上存在点M ,使AF AM⊥C .若四边形ABCD 的边界及其内部有一点P ,且FP =则点PD .点N 是线段CF 上的动点,则N 到直线AG 三、填空题12.已知随机事件A ,B ,C ,A 与B 相互独立,B 与C 对立,且()0.6P A =,()0.3P C =,则()P AB =.13.已知点()4,2A ,()0,3B 和直线l :310mx y m --+=(R m ∈),直线l 与线段AB 有公共点,则m 的取值范围是.14.阿波罗尼斯是古希腊著名的数学家,对圆锥曲线有深刻而系统的研究,阿波罗尼斯圆就是他的研究成果之一,指的是:已知动点M 与两定点Q ,P 的距离之比()0,1MQ MPλλλ=>≠,那么点M 的轨迹就是阿波罗尼斯圆.已知动点M 的轨迹是阿波罗尼斯圆,其方程为221x y +=,定点Q 为x 轴上一点,1,02P ⎛⎫- ⎪⎝⎭且2λ=,若点()1,1B ,则2MP MB +的最小值为.四、解答题15.某校高二年级举行了“学宪法、讲宪法”知识竞赛,为了了解本次竞赛的学生答题情况,从中抽取了200名学生的成绩(成绩均为正整数,满分为100分)作为样本进行统计,按照[)50,60,[)60,70,[)70,80,[)80,90,[]90,100的分组作出频率分布直方图如图所示.(1)求频率分布直方图中x 的值,并估计该200名学生成绩的中位数和平均数;(2)若在[)60,70和[)70,80的样本成绩对应的学生中按分层抽样的方法抽取7人进行访谈,再从这七人中随机抽取两人进行学习跟踪,求抽取的两人都来自[)70,80组的概率.16.如图,四边形11A ABB 是圆柱的轴截面,C 是下底面圆周上一点,点D 是线段BC 中点(1)证明:直线1AC ∥平面1AB D ;(2)若2CA =,4CB =,12BB =,求点1A 到平面1AB D 的距离.17.已知圆C 过点()1,0A -和点()3,2B -,且圆心C 在直线260x y -+=上.(1)求圆C 的方程;(2)过点()2,2E -的直线l 与圆C 交于M 、N 两点,且MN =l 的方程.18.在四棱锥P ABCD -中,平面ABCD ⊥平面PCD ,四边形ABCD 为直角梯形,AD CD ⊥,2PD AD ==,4DC =,1AB =,PD CD ⊥.(1)求证:平面PAC ⊥平面PBD ;(2)求PB 与平面PAC 所成角的正弦值;(3)在线段PC 上是否存在点E ,使得平面BDE 与平面PCD 的夹角的余弦值为13,若存在,确定点E 的位置,若不存在,说明理由.19.在川大附中2024秋季教职工运动会拔河比赛中,高一、高二、高三三个年级组和行政组共四个队伍角逐冠军.比赛采用“双败淘汰制”:第一轮,四个队伍通过抽签分成两组,每组两个队伍对阵,每组的胜者进入“胜区”,败者进入“败区”;第二轮,“胜区”中两个队伍对阵,胜者进入“决赛区”;“败区”中两个队伍对阵,败者直接淘汰出局获第四名;第三轮,“败区”的胜者和“胜区”的败者对阵,胜者进入“决赛区”,败者获第三名;第四轮,“决赛区”的两个队伍进行冠军决赛,胜者获得冠军,败者获第二名.已知高二和高三年级组水平相当,高一和行政组水平相当,高二对高三、高一对行政组的胜率均为12,高二、高三对高一和行政组的胜率均为23,没有平局,且不同对阵的结果相互独立.经抽签,第一轮由高二对阵高三,高一对阵行政组.(1)求比赛结束时,高二比赛的场次是2场的概率;(2)若已知高二输了第一轮的比赛,求高二获得冠军的概率;(3)除“双败淘汰制”外,也经常采用“单败淘汰制”:即四个队伍分成两组后,每组中的两个队伍对阵,每组的胜者进入“决赛区”,败者淘汰;最后,“决赛区”的两个队伍进行冠军决赛,胜者获得冠军.分别求在以上两种赛制下高二获得冠军的概率,并比较哪种赛制对高二夺冠有利?请说明理由.。
四川大学期末试题(A卷)work Information Technology Company.2020YEAR四川大学期末试题(A卷)课程号:课序号:0课程名称:任课教师:成绩:适用专业年级:学生人数:印题份数:学号:姓名:E、葡萄球菌14.人体维持平衡主要依靠()A、视觉B、本体感觉C、Corti氏器D、前庭E、小脑15.鼻出血最常发生的部位在()A、鼻中隔后上区B、鼻中隔后下区C、鼻中隔前下区D、下鼻道后分E、中鼻道16.鼻咽癌绝大多数为()A、低分化鳞状细胞癌B、淋巴上皮癌C、低分化腺癌D、高分化鳞状细胞癌E、肉瘤17.急性额窦炎的头痛具有一定的时间性,其原因是()A、发热B、用药后的反应C、精神因素D、神经反射E、窦口位置与体位引流的关系18.食管异物多见于()A、咽环处B、主动脉弓压迹处C、贲门处D、胸廓入口处E、支气管分叉处19.喉部最狭窄处为()A、喉前庭B、声门C、声门下D、室带之间E、喉室之间20.颌面部间隙感染最常见的原因是()A、血源性B、腺源性C、外伤性D、牙源性E、继发于其它感染21.颌面部间隙感染的一般局部表现()A、局部红、肿、热、痛、功能障碍B、局部软组织广泛水肿C、局部产生皮下气肿,有捻发音D、局部剧烈疼痛,有脓肿形成E、张口受限,影响语言、咀嚼22.下列何种间隙感染最易导致呼吸困难()A、眶下间隙B、翼颌间隙C、咬肌间隙D、下颌下间隙E、口底蜂窝组织炎23.舌癌切除行游离组织瓣整复者,术后1~2天皮瓣一般呈()A、灰白色B、苍白色C、紫色D、暗红色E、鲜红色24.唇腭裂修复术目前国际上采用()A、外科治疗B、正畸治疗C、语音治疗D、综合序列治疗E、心理治疗25.唇裂手术患儿在全麻清醒后几小时可进流质()A、清醒后即可B、1小时C、2小时D、3小时E、4小时26.腭裂术后可行语音治疗的时间()A、1~2周B、3~4周C、1~2月D、3~4月E、1~2年27.患儿,男,8个月,入院护理评估见患儿上唇部分裂开,但未裂至鼻底,该患儿唇裂分度应为()A、I度唇裂B、II度唇裂C、III度唇裂D、完全性唇裂E、以上都不是28.颌面部危险三角区的化脓性感染处理不当可引起的并发症有()A、头部冷敷B、温水浴C、酒精擦浴D、以上均可E、以上均不可29.单侧唇裂整复术最适合的年龄是()A、3~6月B、6~12月C、1~2岁D、2~4岁E、学龄前30.指导唇裂患儿父母改变喂养方式,应训练患儿用()喂养A、奶瓶喂养B、汤匙喂养C、吸管喂养D、鼻饲喂养E、母乳喂养31.唇裂术后使用唇弓的目的是为了()A、减少局部张力B、预防伤口感染C、便于病人进食D、以上都对E、以上都不对32.龋病的病因()A..蔗糖B.细菌C.牙发育不良D.细菌、食物、宿主、时间共同作用的结果33龋病的临床特征是()A.牙齿有颜色的改变B.牙齿有缺损C.窝洞表面有食物残留D.牙体硬组织有色、形、质的改变34.急性牙髓炎止痛最有效的方法是()A.药物止痛B.开髓减压C.摘除牙髓D.拔除患牙35.牙的功能不包括()。
四川省成都市四川大学附属中学2024-2025学年高二上学期期中考试英语试卷一、阅读理解Missing Pieces Project: Add Your Pieces to the Big PictureAll over England are places with stories to tell: from buildings to battlefields, some on your doorstep, others just a day trip away. Their stories are still being written, and they won't be complete until you share your side.The Missing Pieces Project invites you to share your pictures and stories of the unique, significant and memorable places on the National Heritage List for England. The List is a register of all nationally protected his toric buildings and sites across England. Your view of a place is as unique as you are, so every snapshot and story you add is an important piece of the picture. And the more pieces of the picture we have, the better we can work together to protect what makes these places special. Whether you have a connection to a place already or you' re discovering it for the first time, your views add important new pieces to the picture.Images:from phone snaps to scans of old photos and architects' drawings, from wide angles to close-upsStories: from memories of holidays, school trips and family events to information about grand openings and transformationsPhotos must be ones you took yourself, from public land or rights of way, or with permission from the landowner. To add an historic image, you must have the rights to it. See the Missing Pieces Project terms and conditions for more information.Sign in and make a difference.1.What is the purpose of the Missing Pieces Project?A.To create fine art pieces.B.To preserve historic places.C.To promote a story contest.D.To teach photography skills.2.How can you contribute to the project?A.By scanning a portrait of a great architect.B.By taking a picture of a newly- built museum.C.By writing a special story of your trip to France.D.By sharing memories of a protected English site.3.What is required for a photo taken on a private land?A.Quality information.B.Public permission.C.The owner's support.D.A right background.In medical school and throughout his career as a neonatologist, William Cashore was often asked to read and correct others’ work. Little did they know that he was a spelling champion, witha trophy(奖品) at home to prove it. Cashore won the Scripps National Spelling Bee in 1954 at age14. Now 84, he’s the oldest living champi on of the contest, which dates back to 1925. As contestants from this year’s competition headed home, he reflected on his experience and the effect it had on him.Cashore credits his parents for helping him prepare for his trip to Washington, D.C., for the spelling bee. His mother was an elementary school teacher and his father was a lab technician with a talent for taking words apart and putting them back together.When the field narrowed to two competitors, the other boy misspelled “uncinate”, which means bent like a hook. Cashore spelled it correctly, then clinched the title with the word “transept”, an architectural term for the transverse part of a cross- shaped church.Cashore, who was given $500 and an encyclopedia set, enjoyed a brief turn as a celebrity. He didn’t br ag about his accomplishment after returning to Pennsylvania, but the experience quietly shaped him in multiple ways. “It gave me much more self-confidence and also gave me a sense that it’s very important to try to get things as correct as possible,” he said. “I’ve always been that way, and I still feel that way. If people are careless about spelling and writing, you wonder if they’ re careless about their thinking.”“Preparing for a spelling bee today requires more concentration and technique than it did decades ago,” Cashore said. “The vocabulary of the words are far, far more technical. The English language, in the meantime, has imported a great many words from foreign languages which were not part of the English language when I was in eighth grade,” he added.4.What can we learn about Cashore from the first two paragraphs?A.He is the best ever spelling champion.B.He prepared alone for the spelling bee.C.He used his spelling ability to help others.D.He preferred to show off his spelling talent. 5.What does the word “clinched” underlined in paragraph 3 refer to?A.Won.B.Declined.C.Removed.D.Gave.6.How did the spelling bee competition affect Cashore?A.It helped him start his career.B.It strengthened his confidence.C.It limited his way of thinking.D.It brought him lasting popularity.7.What should we do to prepare for today’s spelling bee according to Cashore?A.Learn multiple languages.B.Go abroad for language study.C.Be a remarkable technician.D.Try to improve relevant skills.Social relationships are important to human happiness. But once relationships are formed, some will naturally wax and wane (兴衰), with many of us losing touch with friends and family that we were once close with.Across seven studies, the psychologists examined the attitudes of almost 2,500 participants to reconnecting with lost friendships, the barriers and reasons for doing so, and whether targeted interventions could encourage them to send that first message to an old friend.The psychologists set out-to measure this hesitance to reconnect by getting participants to rate their willingness to immediately carry out a range of activities, including calling or texting a friend they had lost touch with. They found that participants were as unwilling to reach out to an old fiend as they were to strike up a conversation with a stranger—or even to pickup rubbish.The top reported barriers included fears that one’s old friend might not want to hear from them, that it would be too awkward after all this time, and feeling guilty. An excuse of being too busy—both the old friend and the participant—was the lowest cited reason for not reaching out.Notably, the psychologists found that participants believed there were only a few logical reasons to get in touch, with the fiend’s birthday reported as the most convincing. Reconnecting over the memory of a shared experience was the second most reported reason. Participants were least likely to consider getting in touch with an old friend to ask them a favour.As part of the research, the psychologists tested targeted interventions and they found that practising social connection with current networks by first sending a message to a warm friend was the most successful strategy, boosting reach out rates by over two thirds.But an expert explained: “Interestingly, despite people telling us that a key barrier to making contact with an old fiend was concerns over how the message might be received, the intervention that we designed to help overcome this anxiety had little effect.” The expert adds: “We know from decades of research that social relationships are a key source of happiness and meaning in our lives.”8.What is the primary focus of the psychologists research?A.The benefits of maintaining friendships.B.The process of forming new friendships.C.The attitudes towards reconnecting with old friends.D.The reasons for losing contact with long lost friends.9.What did the psychologist find regarding people’s willingness to reach out to old friends?A.Most participants were eager to reconnect.B.Participants hesitated to contact old friends.C.Participants preferred to reach out to ask for favors.D.Being too busy was the main reason for not reaching out.10.How does the expert think of the result of their intervention on social anxiety?A.Unsatisfactory.B.Unidentifiable.C.Predictable.D.Far-reaching. 11.What’s the best title for the text?A.Gaining Happiness Through Social Ties B.The Pathways to Meaningful Connection C.To Strike up a Conversation with a Stranger D.Reviving Pre-existing Close FriendshipsCan artificial intelligence be made to tell the truth? Probably not, but the developers of large language model(LLM) chatbots should be legally required to reduce the risk of errors, says a team of ethicists (伦理学家). “What we’re just trying to do is to create a structure to get the companies to put a greater emphasis on truth or accuracy when they are creating the systems,” says Brent Mittelstadt at the University of Oxford.LLM chatbots, such as ChatGPT, generate human-like responses to users’ questions, based on statistical analysis of vast amounts of text. But although their answers usually appear convincing, they also tend to have “hallucination”. “We have these really, really impressive generative AI systems, but they get things wrong very frequently, and as far as we can understandthe basic functioning of the systems, there’s no fundamental way to revamp that,” says Mittelstadt.This is a “very big problem” for LLM systems, given they are being rolled out to be used in a variety of contexts, such as government decisions, where it is important they produce factually correct, truthful answers, and are honest about the limitations of their knowledge, he says.To address the problem, Mittelstadt and his colleagues propose a range of measures. They say large language models should react in a similar way to how people would when asked factual questions. That means being honest about what you do and don’t know. “It’s about doing the necessary steps to actually be careful in what you are claiming,” says Mittelstadt. This seems like a praiseworthy aim, but Eerke Boiten at De Montfort University, UK, questions whether the ethicists’ demand is technically practical. “I don’t understand how they expect legal requirements to mandate what I see as fundamentally technologically impossible,” he says.Mittelstadt and his colleagues do suggest some more straightforward steps that could make LLMs more truthful. The models should link to sources, he says — something that many of them now do to evidence their claims, while the wider use of a technique known as “retrieval enhanced generation” to come up with answers could limit the likelihood of “hallucinations”.12.What is the main concern of the ethicists regarding LLM chatbots?A.The enormous development cost.B.The ethical decisions made by AI.C.Its inability to guarantee truthfulness.D.Its efficiency in processing texts. 13.What does the underlined word “revamp” in paragraph 2 probably mean?A.Ignore.B.Fix.C.Discover.D.Escape. 14.What is Eerke Boiten’s attitude towards the ethicists’ proposals for LMs?A.Tolerant.B.Conservative.C.Enthusiastic.D.Skeptical. 15.Which of the following is suggested as a step to make LLMs more truthful?A.Linking to relevant sources.B.Using more complex data statistics.C.Encouraging user interaction.D.Reducing the size of the language models.Travelling with friends can be an amazing experience where you could make lifelong memories or it could ruin your friendship. 16 Here are some rules you should follow to make sure your next trip with friends goes as smoothly as possible.17 Sure, you and your friends probably have some similar interests, but that’s notalways the case. In an effort to keep everyone happy, go over travel plans and expectations ahead of time. Have each person categorize activities or sights into “must-see”, “want to see” and “would go if we have time”. Plan accordingly and make sure everyone can see some of their top attractions.Communicate and respect each other. Everyone has personal preferences when travelling— from getting the bed closest to the bathroom or sitting in the airplane’s window seat. But sometimes things don’t go as you like. In this case, share your requirements directly with your travel companions. 18 Have a conversation when problems arise, for communication is the key.Don’t disappear. When travelling with a group — or even just one other person — you may want some alone time. That’s completely fine, but make sure your friends know where you are and have a way of contacting you. 19Get off your phone. Of course, your friends will understand if you need to take a call from a family member, or in the event of a work emergency, but other than that, try to stay off your phone.20 After all, the appeal of this type of trip is to spend time with friends. Just enjoy it! A.Give each other some space.B.Include at least one activity for everyone.C.So it’s important to make sure you and your friend(s) are on the same page.D.At the same time, listen to their concerns and be respectful of them.E.Don’t respond to less important work contact or send messages frequently.F.It’s especially true of travelling in foreign countries or unfamiliar places.G.And remember that consideration and respect go a long way.二、完形填空Lowe was facing a nightmare. His five-year-old son Tyler 21 from such a severe dental problem that he needed to have a(n) 22 immediately. Lowe and his wife brought Tyler to Children’s Hospital Colorado in Denver.“As we sat in the waiting room, we felt 23 . And the way in which my wife was clinging to her son just made the 24 of the situation heavier. ”Lowe remembered.When a nurse called the family back, Lowe’s 25 only grew. A young doctor walked into the room and told them that he would be in 26 of the surgery. As the doctor began to explain how it would proceed, Lowe’s mind 27 the worst possible outcome.But then the doctor did something beyond 28 . He looked at both Lowe and his wife in the eye, put a hand on each of their shoulders, and 29 them, “Today, your son is my son.” Lowe said he would never forget what the young doctor said, which was very helpful and meaningful. His 30 fear gave way to calm.After the surgery was over, the doctor came back out to the family. “He 31 us with a big smile on his face and said our son is just fine, and you can see him here in a few minutes.” Lowe 32 .After the surgery, Tyler made a quick 33 and led a normal life again. The Whole family felt so lucky to meet such a 34 doctor and Lowe explained that words 35 to express how grateful he and his wife both were for what the doctor said and did that day. 21.A.survived B.escaped C.suffered D.arose 22.A.operation B.look C.exam D.check 23.A.relieved B.restless C.conscious D.attentive 24.A.extent B.amount C.range D.gravity 25.A.emotion B.relief C.terror D.joy 26.A.charge B.progress C.possession D.place27.A.set off B.turned up C.took over D.went to 28.A.decisions B.control C.expectations D.description 29.A.inspired B.comforted C.judged D.shocked 30.A.slight B.precious C.groundless D.previous 31.A.headed B.approached C.consulted D.appealed 32.A.recalled B.reviewed C.reminded D.responded 33.A.cure B.discovery C.treatment D.recovery 34.A.open-minded B.short-sighted C.warm-hearted D.good-tempered 35.A.failed B.intended C.managed D.attempted三、语法填空阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
四川大学附属中学2025届物理高二上期中达标检测试题注意事项:1.答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号和座位号填写在试题卷和答题卡上。
用2B铅笔将试卷类型(B)填涂在答题卡相应位置上。
将条形码粘贴在答题卡右上角"条形码粘贴处"。
2.作答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑;如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案。
答案不能答在试题卷上。
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不按以上要求作答无效。
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考试结束后,请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
一、单项选择题:本题共6小题,每小题4分,共24分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的。
1、如图所示,均匀绕制的螺线管水平放置,在其正中心的上方附近用绝缘绳水平吊起通电直导线A,A与螺线管垂直,A导线中的电流方向垂直纸面向里,开关S闭合,A 受到通电螺线管磁场的作用力的方向是()A.水平向左B.水平向右C.竖直向下D.竖直向上2、如图所示,L1 、L2 、L3为三个相同的灯泡且电阻恒定,电源内阻是灯泡电阻的1.5倍.在变阻器R的滑片P 向上移动过程中,下列正确的是( )A.L1 变亮,L2 变亮,L3变暗B.电源输出功率变大C.电源总功率变小D.L1中电流变化量大于L2中电流变化量3、下列说法中正确的是( )A.电子和质子都是元电荷;B.一个带电体的电荷量为205.5倍的元电荷;C.元电荷是最小的带电单位;D.元电荷有正、负之分.4、如图所示,一个水平放置的矩形线圈abcd(俯视abcd为逆时针绕向,即bc边在外),在细长水平磁铁的S极附近竖直下落,由位置I经位置Ⅱ到位置Ⅲ.位置Ⅱ与磁铁同一平面,位置I和Ⅲ都很靠近Ⅱ,则在下落过程中,线圈中的感应电流的方向为()A.abcdaB.adcbaC.从abcda到adcbaD.从adcba到abcda5、在赤道平面内绕地球做匀速圆周运动的三颗卫星A、B、C,它们的轨道半径分别为r1、r2、r3,且r1>r2>r3,其中B为同步卫星,若三颗卫星在运动过程中受到的向心力大小相等,则()A.相同的时间内,A通过的路程最大B.三颗卫星中,C的质量最大C.三颗卫星中,A的速度最大D.C绕地球运动的周期小于24小时6、四种电场的电场线如图所示.一正电荷q仅在电场力作用下由P点向Q点作加速运动,且加速度越来越大.则该电荷所在的电场是图中的( )A.B.C.D.二、多项选择题:本题共4小题,每小题5分,共20分。
选择题下列与组成生物体相关物质的叙述中,正确的是:A. 蛋白质与核酸均具有多样性,且都与二者空间结构的多样性有关B. 构成细胞的所有化合物都能在无机自然界找到C. 变性的蛋白质能与双缩脲试剂发生显色反应D. 蛋白质分子中的N原子多数存在于游离的-NH2中【答案】C【解析】本题考查蛋白质和核酸的相关知识,要求考生识记蛋白质和核酸结构多样性的原因,识记核酸的种类及化学组成,能结合所学的知识准确答题。
A、蛋白质与核酸均以碳链为骨架,均具有多样性,前者与其空间结构的多样性有关,后者与其空间结构无关,A错误;B、构成细胞的化合物在无机自然界不一定能找到,B错误;C、变性后的蛋白质中肽键没有断裂,仍能与双缩脲试剂发生作用呈现紫色,C正确;D、蛋白质中的氮元素主要存在于肽键中,D错误。
故选C。
选择题下列关于物质跨膜运输的叙述,错误的是A. 人体内红细胞、肾小管上皮细胞吸收葡萄糖的方式都需要载体B. 土壤板结会影响植物根细胞转运Mg2+ 的速率C. 低温环境会影响物质的主动运输速率,但不影响被动运输D. 细胞对大分子物质“胞吐”的过程可导致膜成分的更新【答案】C【解析】据题文和选项的描述可知:本题综合考查学生对物质出入细胞的方式的相关知识的识记和理解能力。
解答此题,要明确自由扩散、协助扩散和主动运输这三种跨膜运输方式的区别和联系及其影响因素,理解“胞吐”的过程。
在此基础上从题意中提取有效信息,分析判断各选项。
人体内红细胞吸收葡萄糖的方式是协助扩散,肾小管上皮细胞吸收葡萄糖的方式是主动运输,协助扩散与主动运输都需要载体,A正确;根细胞转运Mg2+ 的方式是主动运输,需要细胞呼吸提供能量,而土壤板结会影响植物根的细胞呼吸,进而影响转运Mg2+ 的速率,B正确;被动运输包括自由扩散和协助扩散,温度会影响组成生物膜分子的运动速率和载体蛋白的活性,所以低温环境对主动运输和被动运输的运输速率均有影响,C错误;当细胞以“胞吐”方式排出大分子时,需要外排的大分子,先在细胞内形成囊泡,囊泡移动到细胞膜处,囊泡膜与细胞膜融合,将大分子排出细胞,可见,细胞对大分子物质“胞吐”的过程可导致膜成分的更新,D正确。
2025届四川大学附属中学高一化学第一学期期中学业水平测试试题注意事项:1.答题前,考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写清楚,将条形码准确粘贴在考生信息条形码粘贴区。
2.选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂;非选择题必须使用0.5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写,字体工整、笔迹清楚。
3.请按照题号顺序在各题目的答题区域内作答,超出答题区域书写的答案无效;在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。
4.保持卡面清洁,不要折叠,不要弄破、弄皱,不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。
一、选择题(每题只有一个选项符合题意)1、等物质的量的SO2和SO3相比较,下列结论错误的是A.它们的分子数目之比是1∶1B.它们的氧原子数目之比为2∶3C.它们的质量之比为1∶1D.它们所含原子数目之比为3∶42、除去某溶液里溶解的少量杂质,下列做法中不正确...的是(括号内的物质为杂质)( )A.KNO3溶液(AgNO3):加过量KCl溶液,过滤B.NaCl溶液(BaCl2):加过量Na2CO3溶液,过滤,再加适量盐酸并加热C.NaCl溶液(Br2):加CCl4,分液D.KNO3溶液(NaCl):加热蒸发得到浓溶液后,降温结晶,过滤3、下列常用实验仪器中,不能直接用于混合物的分离或提纯的是A.分液漏斗B.漏斗C.蒸发皿D.容量瓶4、下列化学方程式中,不能用离子方程式 Ba2++SO42−=BaSO4↓表示的是( )A.BaCl2+Na2SO4=BaSO4↓+2NaCl B.H2SO4+BaCl2═BaSO4↓+2HClC.Ba(NO3)2+H2SO4=BaSO4↓+2HNO3D.BaCO3+H2SO4=BaSO4↓+CO2↑+H2O5、下列仪器及其名称不正确的是()A.量筒B.试管C.圆底烧瓶 D.分液漏斗6、为了除去某粗盐样品中的Ca2+,Mg2+及SO42-,得到纯净的NaCl,可将粗盐溶于水,然后在下列操作中选取必要的步骤和正确的操作顺序:①过滤②加过量NaOH溶液;③加适量盐酸;④加过量Na2CO3溶液;⑤加过量BaCl2溶液,正确的是A.④②⑤①③B.⑤④②③①C.②④⑤①③D.⑤②④①③7、由硫酸钾、硫酸铝和硫酸组成的混合溶液,其c(H+)=0.1 mol•L﹣1,c(K+)=0.6 mol•L﹣1,c(SO42﹣)=0.8 mol•L ﹣1,则c(Al3+)为A.0.1 mol•L﹣1B.0.3 mol•L﹣1C.0.6 mol•L﹣1D.0.9 mol•L﹣18、歌手那英在歌曲中唱的“雾里看花,水中望月”,其中“雾”属于下列分散系中的A.溶液B.悬浊液C.乳浊液D.胶体9、设N A为阿伏加德罗常数的值,下列说法正确的是A.25℃,1.01105Pa,64gSO2中含有的原子数不是标准状况不能计算B.通常状况下,N A 个CO2分子占有的体积为22.4 LC.46g二氧化氮(NO2)和46g四氧化二氮(N2O4)含有的原子数不一样多D.常温常压下,1.06 g Na2CO3含有的Na+离子数为0.02 N A10、下列反应中水只做还原剂的是( )A.C+H2O→CO+H2B.F2+ H2O→HF + O2C.2Na +2H2O→2NaOH+H2↑D.2Na2O2+2H2O→4NaOH+ O2↑11、设阿伏加德罗常数为N A,标准状况下某O2和N2的混合气体m g 含有b个分子,则n g 该混合气体在相同状况下所占的体积(L)应是A.B.C.D.12、下列关于Fe(OH)3胶体和MgCl2溶液的说法正确的是A.两者都有“丁达尔效应”B.两者都能透过半透膜C.氢氧化铁胶体粒子在电场作用下向阴极移动,说明氢氧化铁胶体带正电D.加入氢氧化钠溶液二者都能沉淀,Fe(OH)3胶体发生聚沉,MgCl2发生化学反应生成沉淀13、下列离子方程式书写正确的是A.向Fe2(SO4)3溶液中加入过量铁粉:Fe3++Fe=2Fe2+B.碳酸钡和稀硫酸反应:BaCO3+2H+=Ba2++CO2↑+H2OC.醋酸溶解鸡蛋壳:2H++CaCO3=Ca2++CO2↑+H2OD.Fe2+与H2O2在酸性溶被中的反应:2Fe2++H2O2+2H+=-2Fe3++2H2O14、下列分散系不能发生丁达尔现象的是( )A.豆浆B.淀粉溶液C.烟、云、雾D.蔗糖溶液15、配制物质的量浓度为0.1mol·L-1的Na2CO3溶液100mL时,下列操作正确的是( )A.用托盘天平称取1.06g无水碳酸钠,在烧杯中加适量水溶解,待冷却到室温后,将溶液转移到容量瓶中B.在使用容量瓶前必须检查容量瓶是否完好以及瓶塞处是否漏水C.定容时,若加水超过刻度线,可用胶头滴管小心吸出多余部分D.定容时,若仰视,则所配溶液的浓度将偏高16、用N A表示阿伏加德罗常数的值,下列叙述正确的是A.含有N A个氦原子的氦气在标准状况下的体积为11.2 LB.25℃、1.01×105Pa时64 g SO2中含有的原子数为3N AC.11.2 L Cl2含有的分子数为0.5N AD.标准状况下,11.2 L乙醇中含有的分子数为0.5N A二、非选择题(本题包括5小题)17、某固体可能由KNO3、K2SO4、KCl、NaCl、CuCl2和Na2CO3中的一种或几种组成。
川大附中2022-2023年度上期高2023届半期考试数学文科(时间:120分钟总分:150分)第Ⅰ卷(选择题,共60分)一、选择题(本大题共12小题,每小题5分,共60分.在每个小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的)1.已知集合A ={x |(x -3)(x +1)≤0},B ={y |y =x 2+1},则A B 等于()A .(1,+∞)B .[-1,+∞)C .(1,3]D .(-1,+∞)2.在复平面内,复数z 满足z (1+i )=2,则复数z 对应的点位于()A.第一象限B.第二象限C.第三象限D.第四象限3.记等差数列{a n }的前n 项和为S n ,若S 11=22,则a 1+a 3+a 9+a 11=()A.2B.4C.8D.164.方程2x =4-ln x 的解所在的区间是().(1,1)2A 3.(1,)2B 3.(,2)2C 5.(2,)2D 5.已知某样本的容量为100,平均数为80,方差为95,现发现在收集这些数据时,其中的两个数据记录有误,一个错将90记录为70,另一个错将80记录为100.在对错误的数据进行更正后,重新求得样本的平均数为x ,方差为2s ,则()95,80.2<=s x A 95,80.2>=s x B 95,80.2<>s x C 95,80.2><s x D 6.若tan θ=-2,则sin θ(1+sin 2θ)sin θ+cos θ等于()A .-65B .-25 C.25D.657.函数的图象大致为()A. B. C. D.8.下列命题中,不正确的是()A .在△ABC 中,若A >B ,则sin A >sin B B .在锐角△ABC 中,不等式sin A >cos B 恒成立C .在△ABC 中,若a cos A =b cos B ,则△ABC 必是等腰直角三角形D .在△ABC 中,若B =60°,b 2=ac ,则△ABC 必是等边三角形9.在△ABC 中,点D 在BC 上,且满足BC BD 41=,点E 为AD 上任意一点,若实数,满足,则的最小值为()A.B.C.D.10.已知某几何体的三视图如图所示,其中小方格是边长为1的正方形,则该几何体的外接球的表面积为()A.36πB.48πC.52πD.68π11.设点是抛物线:上的动点,点是圆:上的动点,是点到直线的距离,则的最小值是()A. B. C. D.12.函数()y f x =,x R ∈,()12021f =,对任意的x R ∈,都有()2'30f x x ->成立,则不等式()32020f x x <+的解集为()A .(),1-∞ B.(),1-∞- C.()1,1- D.()1,+∞第Ⅱ卷(非选择题,共90分)二、填空题:本大题共4小题,每小题5分,共20分.13.已知向量,,若,则实数.14.已知函数是定义在上的奇函数,当时,,若实数满足,则的取值范围是.15.已知数列的首项,其前项和为,若,则.16.已知函数),0)(sin()(R x x f ∈>+=ϕωϕω在区间(712π,56π)上单调,且满足)43(127(ππf f -=.(1)若)()65(x f x f =-π,则函数)(x f 的最小正周期为_______;(2)若函数)(x f 在区间[23π,136π)上恰有5个零点,则ω的取值范围为__________.三、解答题:共70分.解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤.第17—21题为必考题,每个试题考生都必须作答.第22,23题为选考题,考生根据要求作答.(一)必考题:60分17.某校高二期中考试后,教务处计划对全年级数学成绩进行统计分析,从男、女生中各随机抽取100名学生,分别制成了男生和女生数学成绩的频率分布直方图,如图所示.(1)若所得分数大于等于80分认定为优秀,求男、女生优秀人数各有多少人?(2)在(1)中的优秀学生中用分层抽样的方法抽取5人,从这5人中任意任取2人,求至少有1名男生的概率.18.如图,在三棱柱111ABC A B C -中,M 是AC 的中点,且1A M ⊥平面ABC ,AB AC ⊥,2AB AC ==,13AA =.(1)证明:1AB CC ⊥;(2)求三棱锥11C ABA -的体积.19.在,且;,,成等差数列,且;为常数这三个条件中任选一个,补充在下面问题中,并给出解答.问题:已知数列的前项和为,,_______,其中.求的通项公式;记,数列的前项和为,求.20.已知椭圆()2222:10x y C a b a b+=>>经过点12⎫⎪⎭,其右顶点为(2,0)A .(1)求椭圆C 的方程;(2)若点Q P 、在椭圆C 上且满足直线AP 与AQ 的斜率之积为120.证明直线PQ 经过定点,并求△APQ 面积的最大值.21.已知函数()ln f x x kx =-(k ∈R ),()()2xg x x e =-.(1)求函数()f x 的极值点;(2)若()()1g x f x -≥恒成立,求k 的取值范围.(二)选考题:共10分.请考生在第22,23题中任选一题作答.如果多做,则按所做的第一题计分.22.如图,在平面直角坐标系xOy 中,以坐标原点为极点,极轴所在的直线为x 轴,建立极坐标系,曲线1C 是经过极点且圆心在极轴上直径为2的圆,曲线2C 是著名的笛卡尔心形曲线,它的极坐标方程为[]()1sin 0,2ρθθπ=-∈.(1)求曲线1C 的极坐标方程,并求曲线1C 和曲线2C 交点(异于极点)的极径;(2)曲线3C 的参数方程为cos 3sin3x t y t ππ⎧=⎪⎪⎨⎪=⎪⎩(t为参数).若曲线3C 和曲线2C 相交于除极点以外的M ,N 两点,求线段MN 的长度.23.设函数()45f x x x =-+-的最小值为m .(1)求m ;(2)设123,,x x x R +∈,且123x x x m ++=,求证:22231212311114x x x x x x ++≥+++.数学文科参考答案1-5BDCCA6-10CACDD11-12BA8(13.014.(0,2]15.9616. )1((2)]3,317.解:(1)由题意可得,男生优秀人数为100×(0.01+0.02)×10=30人,女生优秀人数为100×(0.015+0.03)×10=45人.(2)因为样本容量与总体中的个体数的比是530+45=115,所以样本中包含男生人数为30×115=2人,女生人数为45×115=3人,设两名男生为1,2,三名女生为1,2,3,则从5人中任意选取2人构成的所有基本事件为:{1,2},{1,1},{1,2},{1,3},{2,1},{2,2},{2,3},{1,2},{1,3},{2,3}共10个,每个样本被抽到的机会均等,因此这些基本事件的出现是等可能的.记事件:“选取的2人中至少有一名男生”,则事件包含的基本事件有:{1,2},{1,1},{1,2},{1,3},{2,1},{2,2},{2,3}共7个,所以()=710,即选取的2人中至少有一名男生的概率为710.19.(1)解:若选条件①:由+12=13(2−5+1)可得:(3+1−)(+1+2)=0,∵>0,∴3+1−=0,即+1=13,又1=13,∴数列{}是以13为首项、13为公比的等比数列,∴=13;若选条件②:∵,2+1,3+2成等差数列,∴4+1=+3+2,即+1−=3(+2−+1),即+1=3+2,即+2=13+1,∴+1=13,≥2,又∵1=13,2=49=1+2,∴2=19=131,∴+1=13,∴数列{}是以1为首项、1为公比的等比数列,∴=13;若选条件③:∵2+−=0(为常数),∴当≥2时,有2K 1+K 1−=0,两式相减整理得:=13K 1,≥2,又1=13,∴数列{}是以13为首项、13为公比的等比数列,∴=13;(2)证明:由(1)可得:=log 13+1=log 1313r1=+1,=r13,∴=23+332+…+r13,又13=232+333+…+3+r13r1,两式相减得:23=23+132+133+…+13−r13r1=23+132(1−13K1)1−13−r13r1,整理得:=54−2r54×320.解:依题可得,2222221341a a b a b c =⎧⎪⎪⎪+=⎨⎪=+⎪⎪⎩,解得21a b c ⎧=⎪=⎨⎪=⎩,所以椭圆C 的方程为2214x y +=.【小问2详解】解:易知直线AP 与AQ 的斜率同号,所以直线PQ 不垂直于x 轴,故可设:PQ y kx m =+,0k ≠,()()1122,,,P x y Q x y ,由2214x y y kx m ⎧+=⎪⎨⎪=+⎩可得,()222148440k x mkx m +++-=,所以,2121222844,1414mkm x x x x k k--+==++,()2216410k m ∆=+->,而120AP AQk k =,即121212220y y x x ⋅=--,化简可得,()()()()12122022kx m kx m x x ++=--①,因为()()()()2222121484414kxmkx m k x x x x +++-=+--,所以,令2x =可得,()()22122161642214k mk m x x k ++--=+②,令mx k=-可得,()()222222121222420802020201414m m m m k k kx m kx m k x x k k k k k --⎛⎫⎛⎫++=++=⨯= ⎪⎪++⎝⎭⎝⎭③,把②③代入①得,2222161642080k mk m m k ++=-,化简得2260k mk m +-=,所以,2m k =-或3m k =,所以直线:PQ ()2y k x =-或()3y k x =+,因为直线PQ 不经过点A ,所以直线PQ 经过定点()3,0-.设定点()3,0B -,所以,121252APQ ABP ABQ S S S AB y y k x x =-=⨯-=- △△==,因为2150k ->,所以2105k <<,设29411,5t k ⎛⎫=+∈ ⎪⎝⎭,所以53APQS ==≤,当且仅当97t =即2114k =时取等号,即△APQ 面积的最大值为53.21.【详解】解:(1)函数的定义域为(0,)+∞,由()ln f x x kx =-,得'11()kxf x k xx -=-=,当0k ≤时,'()0f x >,所以()f x 在(0,)+∞上单调递增,函数无极值点,当0k >时,由'()0f x =,得1x k=,当10x k<<时,'()0f x >,当1x k >时,'()0f x <,所以()f x 在10,k ⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭上单调递增,在1,k ⎛⎫+∞⎪⎝⎭上单调递减,所以()f x 有极大值点1k,无极小值点,综上,当0k ≤时,()f x 无极值点,当0k >时,()f x 有极大值点1k,无极小值点,(2)因为()()1g x f x -≥恒成立,即(2)(ln )1x x e x kx ---≥恒成立,所以1ln 2xx k e x+≥-+对0x >恒成立,令1ln ()2x x m x e x+=-+,则2'221(1ln )ln ()x x x x x x e x m x e x x ⋅-+--=-=,令2()ln x n x x x e =--,则'22l l ()(2)(2)0(0)x x x n x xe x e e x x x xx =--+=--+<>,所以()n x 在(0,)+∞上单调递减,因为12110,(1)0e n e n e e -⎛⎫=->=-< ⎪⎝⎭,所以由零点存在性定理可知,存在唯一的零点01,1x e ⎛⎫∈ ⎪⎝⎭,使得()00n x =,即0200ln xx x e -=,两边取对数可得000ln(ln )2ln x x x -=+,即0000ln(ln )(ln )ln x x x x -+-=+,因为函数ln y x x =+在(0,)+∞上单调递增,所以00ln x x =-,所以当00x x <<时,()0n x >,当0x x >时,()0n x <,所以()m x 在()00,x 上单调递增,在()0,x +∞上单调递减,所以00000001ln 11()()221x x x m x m x e x x x +-≤=-+=-+=,所以0()1k m x ≥=,所以k 的取值范围为[1,)+∞23.【详解】(1)∵()29,41,4529,5x x f x x x x -+<⎧⎪=≤≤⎨⎪->⎩,∴4x <时,()1f x >,且5x >时,()1f x >,∴()min 1f x =,∴1m =;(2)由(1)知1231x x x ++=,∴1231114x x x +++++=,∵()()()2222223312121231231234111111111x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x ⎛⎫⎛⎫++⨯=+++++++≥⎡⎤ ⎪ ⎪⎣⎦++++++⎝⎭⎝⎭()21231x x x ++=,∴22231212311114x x x x x x ++≥+++,当且仅当12313x x x ===取等号.。