2019年中考英语代词考点剖析(2)
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2019年中考英语知识点梳理2019年中考英语知识点梳理一、复合不定代词复合不定代词是由some、every、no、any和one、thing、body组合而成的代词,包括someone、something、somebody、everyone、everything、everybody、no one、nothing、nobody、anyone、anything和anybody。
1.由every构成的不定代词大多具有复数的含义,但这并不意味着可以将其用作复数形式,因为它们更强调个体,使用时应以单数对待。
例如:Every student is trying his or her best to achieve high XXX.2.由no构成的不定代词表示否定意义,作主语时,谓语动词多用单数形式。
例如:Nothing is impossible if you put your heart into it。
二、不定代词之普通不定代词初中阶段常用的普通不定代词包括some、any、few、little、many、much、either、neither、each、every、both、all、none、one和other。
1.some与anysome通常用于肯定句中,在疑问句中,当表示说话人希望得到的肯定回答或表达请求、建议时应用some。
例如:Would you like some coffee。
Yes。
please.any一般用来修饰或代替不可数名词及可数名词复数,多用于疑问句、否定句、条件状语从句中,用于肯定句表示任何一个或任何一些。
例如:Do you have any bread。
I am so hungry.2.many与muchmany修饰可数名词复数,还可以与表示程度的副词如so、too、as、how等连用。
much修饰不可数名词,也可以与表示程度的副词如so、too、as、how等连用。
例如:XXX.XXX.Few and a few are pronouns used to replace or modify countable nouns。
2019-2020 年中考英语试题剖析版汇编单项选择-代词【基础知识】☆人称代词【语法导航】代词是代替名词的词类。
大多数代词具有名词和形容词的功能。
英语中的代词,按其意义、特色及在句中的作用分为:人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、自己代词、相互代词、疑问代词、关系代词和不定代词八种。
人称代词是表示 " 我"、"你" 、"他"、" 她" 、"它" 、"我们 " 、"你们 "、" 他们 " 的词。
人称代词有人称、数和格的变化:比方:He is my friend.他是我的朋友。
It's me.是我。
人称代词的用法1)人称代词的主格在句子中作主语或主语补语。
比方:John waited a while but eventually he went home.约翰等了一会儿,最后他回家了。
John hoped the passenger would be Mary and indeed it was she.约翰希望那位乘客是玛丽,还真是她。
When he arrived, John went straight to the bank.约翰一到就直接去银行了。
2)人称代词的宾格在句子中作宾语或介词宾语,但在口语中也能作主语补语,第一人称在省略句中,还可以够作主语。
比方:I saw her with them, at least, I thought it was her.我看到她和他们在一起,最少我以为是她。
( her 做宾语, them 做介词宾语,her 做主语补语)a. -- Who broke the vase? --谁打碎了花瓶?b. -- Me. --我。
(me做主语补语= It's me.)说明:在上面两例句中, her 和 me分别作主语补语。
2019中考英语考点3代词注意事项:认真阅读理解,结合历年的真题,总结经验,查找不足!重在审题,多思考,多理解!(一)知识概要英语中代词可以分为人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、疑问代词、不定代词。
人称我你他她它我们你们他们主格iyouhesheitweyouthey宾格meyouhimheritusyouthem人称我的你的他的她的它的我们的你们的他们的形容词性myyourhisheritsoursyourthey名词性mineyourshishersitsoursyourstheirs反身代词可见下表人称我你他她它我们你们他们反身代词myselfyourselfhimselfherselfitselfourselvesyourselfthemselves指示代词主要有this,that,these,those疑问代词有:who,whomwhose,what,which,还有疑问副词when,how,where,why。
不定代词在初中课本中主要有some,any,many,much,each,neither,other,another,all,both,one,none,either…(二)正误辨析[误]Tom'smotheristallerthanmy.[正]Tom'smotheristallerthanmine.[析]形容词性物主代词可以作定语,也就是讲它可以作形容词,如:mybook,而这句话的意思是:汤姆的妈妈比我的妈妈高。
比较的对象是mymother,也就是mine。
[误]Wehavealotofhomeworktodotoday.Soweneedtwoorthreehourstofinishthem.[正]Wehavealotofhomeworktodotoday.Soweneedtwoorthreehourstofinishit.[析]在应用代词时,要注意人称,格与数的一致性。
2019年山东菏泽市中考英语:代词考点一人称代词、物主代词及反身代词1.人称代词、物主代词及反身代词总表2.人称代词主格用作主语或表语,宾格用作宾语。
要根据题干中的提示词,如mother, father, Lily, Tom等及语境判定应该用哪一人称。
—Where is Dad?爸爸在哪儿?—He is in the garden.他在花园里。
Miss Smith is very kind. We all like her.史密斯小姐非常和蔼,我们都喜欢她。
3.名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词My sister likes painting. It’s one of her hobbies.我妹妹喜欢画画,这是她的爱好之一。
—Is this your bike?这是你的自行车吗?—No, it’s her bike. Mine(=My bike) is under the tree.不是,是她的自行车。
我的(自行车)在树下。
4.反身代词的固定搭配:enjoy oneself玩得愉快 learn/teach...by oneself自学dress oneself穿衣 help oneself to随便吃些……by oneself独自 for oneself亲自hurt oneself受伤 keep ... to oneself 保守秘密prove oneself证明自己 lost oneself in 沉迷于1.(2018·山东菏泽单县常青学校模拟三)Mom, I’m old enough to washown clothes and . You can have a rest after work.A.my; your B.my; yours C.yours; mine2.(2018·山东济南槐荫一模改编)—Jim, what do you usually do in the evening?—I usually do homework.A.me B.my C.mine3.(2018·山东济南商河二模改编)—Is this your English book?—No. is in my bag.A.My B.Me C.Mine4.(2018·山东菏泽巨野模拟)Jack used to be a teacher in this school, but he gave up job when he went abroad.A.him B.his C.he5.(2018·北京大兴一模改编)My birthday is coming. My parents will give some nice presents.A.mine B.I C.me6.(2018·江苏南京中考改编)The schools in Qinhuai District will develop the museum courses suitable for children during school time.A.they B.their C.theirs7.(2018·四川南充中考改编)—Is that model plane?—Yes, it’s . My sister sent it to me.A.your; my B.your; mine C.yours; mine考点二指示代词 this/these, that/those1.this和these用于指距离较近的人或事物;that和those用于指距离较远的人或事物。
2019年中考真题英语分项汇编1.【2019 •山东滨州中考】—Jerry, is that boy with glasses _________ new classmates?—Yes. Let’s say hello to _________.A. our; heB. us; himC. ours; hisD. our; him【答案】D【解析】句意:——杰瑞,那个戴眼镜的男孩是我们的新同学吗?——是的。
让我们向他问好。
考查代词辨析。
前句名词classmates需用形容词性物主代词修饰;us(我们)是人称代词宾格,ours(我们的)是名词性物主代词,可排除BC两项。
后句say hello to需接宾格代词,意思是"向他问好";he(他)是人称代词主格,可排除A项。
根据句意语境,可知选D。
2.【2019 •福建省中考】—Oh, I forget to bring my umbrella.—I’ve got one. You can share _________.A. yoursB. oursC. mine【答案】C【解析】考查名词性物主代词的词义辨析。
yours你(们)的;our我们的;mine我的。
题意为"你可以共用我的伞",故选C。
3.【2019 •江苏省苏州市】—Hello, are you Mr. Morrison?—Yes. That’s _________.A. himB. meC. youD. us【答案】B【解析】句意:——你好,你是莫里森先生吗?——是的。
是我。
考查代词辨析。
him他;me我;you 你/你们,us我们。
根据are you Mr. Morrison?可知A、C、D三项不合语境,故选B。
4. 【2019 •重庆中考B卷】Tom is my best friend. I often play basketball with _________.A. heB. hisC. himD. himself【答案】C【解析】句意:汤姆是我最好的朋友。
2019-2020学年中考英语语法备考秘籍—代词【分析解读】分析解读代词是中考必考的知识点之一,重点考查人称代词、物主代词和不定代词的用法,而且常设置情景干扰。
考生在备考时要注意总结归纳易混代词的区别,把握代词在特殊语境中的意义和功能,理清思路,明确各替代词所指代的事物要学会寻找有效的切入点,准确排除错误选项。
【知识方法】主格人称代词宾格形容词性物主代词物主代词名词性物主代词第一人称反身代词代词的分类反身代词第二人称反身代词第三人称反身代词指示代词(this that these those)普通不定代词不定代词复合不定代词疑问代词(who whom those what which)关系代词(who whose whom that which )相互代词(each other one another )代词It的特殊用法知识清单考点一人称代词知识梳理:提纲挈领,抓住重点和难点!一、代词的分类英语中常把代词分为人称代词、无主代词、反身代词、指示代词、疑问代词、连接代词、不定代词和相互代词。
二、代词的用法1.人称代词:人称代词是指人的代词,有性、数、格的区别。
表示“我” “你” “他” “我们” “你们” “他们”。
请看下表:数单数复数格主格宾格主格宾格人称第一人称we me we us第二人称you you you you第三人称he him they them(1)人称代词主格在句中作主语。
例如:She is my English teacher.(2)宾格在句中作宾语。
例如:They don’t want me to go there alone.Don’t worry. I can look after her.(3)宾格还可以作宾格。
特别是在口语中。
例如:--- Who’s that? --- It’s me.注意:①人称代词we, you, they 可以用来表示一般人。
例如:Y ou cannot go into the hall with slippers.不准穿拖鞋进入大厅。
2019年中考英语代词考点剖析(2)考点一人称代词、物主代词及反身代词1.人称代词、物主代词及反身代词总表2.人称代词主格用作主语或表语,宾格用作宾语。
要根据题干中的提示词,如mother, father, Lily, Tom等及语境判定应该用哪一人称。
—Where is Dad?爸爸在哪儿?—He is in the garden.他在花园里。
Miss Smith is very kind. We all like her.史密斯小姐非常和蔼,我们都喜欢她。
3.名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词My sister likes painting. It’s one of her hobbies.我妹妹喜欢画画,这是她的爱好之一。
—Is this your bike?这是你的自行车吗?—No, it’s her bike. Mine(=My bike) is under the tree.不是,是她的自行车。
我的(自行车)在树下。
4.反身代词的固定搭配:enjoy oneself玩得愉快 learn/teach...by oneself自学dress oneself穿衣 help oneself to随便吃些……by oneself独自 for oneself亲自hurt oneself受伤 keep ... to oneself 保守秘密prove oneself证明自己 lost oneself in 沉迷于1.(2018·山东菏泽常青学校模拟三)Mom, I’m old enough to washown clothes and . You can have a rest after work.A.my; your B.my; yours C.yours; mine2.(2018·山东济南槐荫一模改编)—Jim, what do you usually do in the evening?—I usually do homework.A.me B.my C.mine 3.(2018·山东济南商河二模改编)—Is this your English book?—No. is in my bag.A.My B.Me C.Mine4.(2018·山东菏泽巨野模拟)Jack used to be a teacher in this school, but he gave upjob when he went abroad.A.him B.his C.hesome nice presents.A.mine B.I C.me 6.(2018·江苏南京中考改编)The schools in Qinhuai District will develop the museum courses suitable for children during school time.A.they B.their C.theirs 7.(2018·四川南充中考改编)—Is that model plane?—Yes, it’s . My sister sent it to me.A.your; my B.your; mine C.yours; mine考点二指示代词 this/these, that/those1.this和these用于指距离较近的人或事物;that和those用于指距离较远的人或事物。
This picture is clear and that picture is not clear.这张图画清楚,而那张图画不清楚。
2.打电话时用this做自我介绍,用that询问对方是谁。
This is Mary speaking. Who’s that?我是玛丽,你是谁?3.that/those指代上文提到的名词。
The weather in Hangzhou is much warmer than that in Harbin in winter.杭州冬天的天气比哈尔滨暖和多了。
(that指代the weather,避免重复)1.(2018·贵州安顺中考改编)—Mr. Han, how is the weather in Anshun now, please? —Actually, it is cooler than in Guiyang.A.it B.that C.this2.(2017·黑龙江龙东中考)As for learning English, students read a lot can do much better than who don’t.A.who; that B.which; those C.that; those考点三常见不定代词辨析1.some与anysome与any均表示“一些”,既可修饰可数名词,也可修饰不可数名词some一般用于肯定句中,若要表示说话人希望得到肯定回答或表示请求、建议,疑问句中应用someany多用于疑问句、否定句和条件句中;any用于肯定句时意为“任何一个”—Yes, please.好的,谢谢。
There aren’t any students in the classroom.教室里没有学生。
2.each与everyeach可以单独使用,侧重个别,可以与of连用,指两者或两者以上中的每一个,不可以与not连用;every不可单独使用,侧重全体,不可以与of连用,指三者或三者以上中的每一个,与not连用时,表示部分否定。
Each has his/her good points.每个人都有自己的好点子。
I know every member of your family.我认识你家的每个人。
Not everyone has the chance to go to school.并不是每个人都有机会去上学。
3.either与 neithereither指两个人或物中的一个,作主语时谓语动词用单数;neither指两个人或物中一个也不,作主语时谓语动词用单数。
There are many trees on either side of the street.在大街的两边有很多树。
Neither of the books is good.这两本书都不好。
4.both与allboth“两者都”,其否定词是neither; all“(三者或更多)全都”,否定词是none。
We are both students, but neither of us likes sports.我们俩都是学生,但是都不喜欢运动。
5.a little, little, a few, fewa little, a few表示肯定意义, little, few表示否定意义; a little/little后接不可数名词, a few/few后接可数名词复数。
6.other, the other, another, others, the others的用法词语词义用法other 泛指其他的跟单数或复数名词the other 两个人或物中的另一个常构成one... the other...another 另一个跟单数名词,或跟“数字+复数名词”others 泛指另外的人或物是other的复数形式the others 特指一定范围中的其他所有相当于the rest或“the other+名词复数”somebody某人anybody任何人nobody没有人everybody每个人 someone某人 anyone任何人no one没有人 everyone每人 something某事anything任何事 nothing没有什么everything每件事—We’d love to. But we are sorryA.both B.all C.neither2.(2018·内蒙古通辽中考改编)Money is important, but it can’t buy ,especially happiness and health.A.anything B.something C.everything3.(2018·中考改编)Catherine has two cousins. One is quiet, and is noisy. A.another B.the other C.other4.(2018·浙江温州中考改编)—Do you like rock music or light music?— . I like Beijing Opera.A.Either B.None C.Neither5.(2018·湖北黄石中考改编)When Flight 3U833 finally landed in Chengdu,of women cried. Fortunately, of the 119 passengers in the plane were hurt in the incident(事件).A.some; noneB.some; neitherC.any; none考点四疑问代词单词词义用法who 谁作主语、表语和宾语whom 谁作宾语,是who的宾格whose 谁的作定语、主语、表语和宾语,是who的所有格形式what 什么作主语、表语、宾语和定语which 哪个作主语、表语、宾语和定语1.(2018·江苏盐城中考改编)— do you plan to buy?—I haven’t made up my mind. I’ll just look around.A.What B.How C.Why2.(2018·福建中考)— does Liu Chuanjian do?—He’s a pilot of Sichuan Airlines. He’s a hero!A.What B.Where C.When3.(2019·原创) would you like to go shopping with?A.Where B.Whom C.What4.(2019·原创)— coat is more beautiful than yours?—Lily’s.A.Which B.Whose C.Who考点五 it的用法1.特指上文提到的同一事物。
—Where’s your office?你的办公室在哪里?—It’s on the third floor.在三楼。
2.指不知性别的婴儿或人。
—Who is the person over there?那边的人是谁?—It may be the doctor.可能是医生。