北外口译笔记
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北外英语专业超全面翻译笔记(网上搜的,大家共享)第一部分:数词的译法一、数字增减的译法:1.句式特征:by+名词+比较级+than The wire is by three inches longer than that one.这根导线比那根长3英寸。
2.句式特征:表示增减意义的动词+to+n.译为:增加到。
或减少到。
Metal cutting machines have been decreased to 50.金属切割机已经减少到50台。
二、百分数增减的表示法与译法1.句式特征:表示增减意义的动词+%The output value has increased 35%.产值增加了35%2.句式特征:表示增减意义的动词+by+%Retail salses should rise by 8%商品零售额应增加3%The prime cost decreased by 60%.主要成本减少60%3.句式特征:表示减少意义的动词+to+%表示减少后剩余的数量By using this new-process the loss of metal was reduced to 20%.采用这种新工艺,铁的损失量减少到20%4.句式特征:%+比较级+than表示净增减的数量Retail sales are expected to be nine percent higher than last year.今年零售额与去年相比,有望增加9%。
5.句式特征:%+比较级+名词表示净减数The new-type machine wasted 10 percent engergy supplied. 新型机械能耗量净减10%6.句式特征:a + % + increase表示净增数There is a 20% increase of steel as compared with last year.与去年相比,今年钢产量净增20%7.句式特征:%+ (of) 名词(代词)表示净减数,数字n照译The production cost is about 60 percent that of last year.今年产值仅为去年的60%8.句式特征:%+up on 或over表示净增数The grain output of last year in this province was 20% percent up on that of 1978.去年粮食产量比1978年净增20%。
第一部分:数词的译法一、数字增减的译法:1.句式特征:by+名词+比较级+thanThe wire is by three inches longer than that one.这根导线比那根长3英寸。
2.句式特征:表示增减意义的动词+to+n.译为:增加到。
或减少到。
Metal cutting machines have been decreased to 50.金属切割机已经减少到50台。
二、百分数增减的表示法与译法1.句式特征:表示增减意义的动词+%The output value has increased 35%.产值增加了35%2.句式特征:表示增减意义的动词+by+%Retail salses should rise by 8%商品零售额应增加3%The prime cost decreased by 60%.主要成本减少60%3.句式特征:表示减少意义的动词+to+%表示减少后剩余的数量By using this new-process the loss of metal was reduced to 20%.采用这种新工艺,铁的损失量减少到20%4.句式特征:%+比较级+than表示净增减的数量Retail sales are expected to be nine percent higher than last year.今年零售额与去年相比,有望增加9%。
5.句式特征:%+比较级+名词表示净减数The new-type machine wasted 10 percent engergy supplied. 新型机械能耗量净减10%6.句式特征:a + % + increase表示净增数There is a 20% increase of steel as compared with last year.与去年相比,今年钢产量净增20%7.句式特征:%+ (of) 名词(代词)表示净减数,数字n照译The production cost is about 60 percent that of last year.今年产值仅为去年的60%8.句式特征:%+up on 或over表示净增数The grain output of last year in this province was 20% percent up on that of 1978.去年粮食产量比1978年净增20%。
第一部分:数词的译法一、数字增减的译法:1.句式特征:by+名词+比较级+thanThe wire is by three inches longer than that one.这根导线比那根长3英寸。
2.句式特征:表示增减意义的动词+to+n.译为:增加到。
或减少到。
Metal cutting machines have been decreased to 50.金属切割机已经减少到50台。
二、百分数增减的表示法与译法1.句式特征:表示增减意义的动词+%The output value has increased 35%.产值增加了35%2.句式特征:表示增减意义的动词+by+%Retail salses should rise by 8%商品零售额应增加3%The prime cost decreased by 60%.主要成本减少60%3.句式特征:表示减少意义的动词+to+%表示减少后剩余的数量By using this new-process the loss of metal was reduced to 20%.采用这种新工艺,铁的损失量减少到20%4.句式特征:%+比较级+than表示净增减的数量Retail sales are expected to be nine percent higher than last year.今年零售额与去年相比,有望增加9%。
5.句式特征:%+比较级+名词表示净减数The new-type machine wasted 10 percent engergy supplied. 新型机械能耗量净减10%6.句式特征:a + % + increase表示净增数There is a 20% increase of steel as compared with last year.与去年相比,今年钢产量净增20%7.句式特征:%+ (of) 名词(代词)表示净减数,数字n照译The production cost is about 60 percent that of last year.今年产值仅为去年的60%8.句式特征:%+up on 或over表示净增数The grain output of last year in this province was 20% percent up on that of 1978.去年粮食产量比1978年净增20%。
第一部分:数词的译法一、数字增减的译法:1.句式特征:by+名词+比较级+thanThe wire is by three inches longer than that one.这根导线比那根长3英寸。
2.句式特征:表示增减意义的动词+to+n.译为:增加到。
或减少到。
Metal cutting machines have been decreased to 50.金属切割机已经减少到50台。
二、百分数增减的表示法与译法1.句式特征:表示增减意义的动词+%The output value has increased 35%.产值增加了35%2.句式特征:表示增减意义的动词+by+%Retail salses should rise by 8%商品零售额应增加3%The prime cost decreased by 60%.主要成本减少60%3.句式特征:表示减少意义的动词+to+%表示减少后剩余的数量By using this new-process the loss of metal was reduced to 20%.采用这种新工艺,铁的损失量减少到20%4.句式特征:%+比较级+than表示净增减的数量Retail sales are expected to be nine percent higher than last year.今年零售额与去年相比,有望增加9%。
5.句式特征:%+比较级+名词表示净减数The new-type machine wasted 10 percent engergy supplied. 新型机械能耗量净减10%6.句式特征:a + % + increase表示净增数There is a 20% increase of steel as compared with last year.与去年相比,今年钢产量净增20%7.句式特征:%+ (of) 名词(代词)表示净减数,数字n照译The production cost is about 60 percent that of last year.今年产值仅为去年的60%8.句式特征:%+up on 或over表示净增数The grain output of last year in this province was 20% percent up on that of 1978.去年粮食产量比1978年净增20%。
北外高翻学生精选英语翻译35条学习笔记一、尽管必需承认学习的时候很痛楚,可是真的要终止了,倒也很有些不舍。
心中有些担忧,没有了教师的教诲和敦促,自己在以后的工作中是不是能够维持严谨的精神,咱们对待以后的工作是不是还能够做到精益求精?可是,我是有信心的,教师教授给咱们的理念和方式,都是让咱们叹服的,咱们可不能遗忘,更不能遗忘。
咱们当中任何一个同窗都不能说,以后可不能从事笔译的工作,它是外事工作中相当重要的一环,也是口译工作良好的补充,更是表现功底的舞台。
咱们要如何能够无愧于“北外高翻”的称号呢?只有将教师教授给咱们的东西贯彻到底,乃至推行出去。
二、周蕴仪学姐在给咱们做过的一次讲座上说过,翻译的进程像谈恋爱,对它会又爱又恨,恨极了巴不得甩在一边再不去理它,爱极了又难割难舍,欲罢不能。
那个总结很有点浪漫主义色彩,她在鼓舞咱们像爱恋人一样去爱翻译。
若是要我讲的话,我更感觉爱翻译要像爱自己。
因为自己是什么样,翻译就会表现什么缘故样。
拿到一篇文章时,自己决定下功夫去读去明白得,译文会表现出你是准确的;自己决定尽己所能用心写作,译文会表现出你是投入的;自己决定边边角角都照顾到,译文会表现出你是缜密的。
翻译通过什么人的手,就会带有什么人的性格。
我之因此说爱翻译要像爱自己,一来是因为每一份作品都是一面镜子,照到的是自己,二来是因为人可不能舍弃自己。
在翻译受挫时咱们不能心存懈怠,就像咱们永久都不舍弃自己。
爱翻译要像爱自己。
3、在笔译进程中,尽管咱们要受到原文作者文字内容的限制,可是一个能动的译者能够充分发挥自己的能动性,将一篇原文“变厚”,然后再浓缩“变薄”。
而这“变厚”和“变薄”的进程确实是译者深度学习进程,也是译者不断提高翻译的职业精神和译者的我塑造进程。
4、Growingold is mandatory; growing up is optional.其实大多数时候,翻译也是optional的,只有译者来要求自己是精益求精,仍是蒙混过关。
英语专业论坛友情提供更多真题资料尽在 第一部分:数词的译法一、数字增减的译法:1. 句式特征:by +名词+比较级+thanThe wire is by three inches longer than that one.这根导线比那根长3英寸。
2. 句式特征:表示增减意义的动词+to+n.译为:增加到。
或减少到。
Metal cutting machines have been decreased to 50. 金属切割机已经减少到50台。
二、百分数增减的表示法与译法1. 句式特征:表示增减意义的动词+%The output value has increased 35%. 产值增加了35%2. 句式特征:表示增减意义的动词+by +%Retail salses should rise by 8%商品零售额应增加3%The prime cost decreased by 60%.主要成本减少60%3. 句式特征:表示减少意义的动词+to+%表示减少后剩余的数量By using this new-process the loss of metal was reduced to 20%. 采用这种新工艺,铁的损失量减少到20%4. 句式特征:%+比较级+than 表示净增减的数量Retail sales are expected to be nine percent higher than last year. 今年零售额与去年相比,有望增加9%。
5. 句式特征:%+比较级+名词表示净减数The new-type machine wasted 10 percent engergy supplied. 新型机械能耗量净减10%6. 句式特征:a + % + increase表示净增数There is a 20% increase of steel as compared with last year. 与去年相比,今年钢产量净增20%7. 句式特征:%+ (of 名词(代词)表示净减数,数字n 照译The production cost is about 60 percent that of last year. 今年产值仅为去年的60%8. 句式特征:%+up on 或over 表示净增数The grain output of last year in this province was 20% percent up on that of 1978.去年粮食产量比1978年净增20%。
北外英语专业超全面翻译笔记第一部分:数词的译法一、数字增减的译法:1.句式特征:by+名词+比较级+thanThe wire is by three inches longer than that one.这根导线比那根长3英寸。
2.句式特征:表示增减意义的动词+to+n.译为:增加到。
或减少到。
Metal cutting machines have been decreased to 50.金属切割机已经减少到50台。
二、百分数增减的表示法与译法1.句式特征:表示增减意义的动词+%The output value has increased 35%.产值增加了35%2.句式特征:表示增减意义的动词+by+%Retail salses should rise by 8%商品零售额应增加3%The prime cost decreased by 60%.主要成本减少60%3.句式特征:表示减少意义的动词+to+%表示减少后剩余的数量By using this new-process the loss of metal was reduced to 20%.采用这种新工艺,铁的损失量减少到20%4.句式特征:%+比较级+than表示净增减的数量Retail sales are expected to be nine percent higher than last year.今年零售额与去年相比,有望增加9%。
5.句式特征:%+比较级+名词表示净减数The new-type machine wasted 10 percent engergy supplied. 新型机械能耗量净减10%6.句式特征:a + % + increase表示净增数There is a 20% increase of steel as compared with last year.与去年相比,今年钢产量净增20%7.句式特征:%+ (of) 名词(代词)表示净减数,数字n照译The production cost is about 60 percent that of last year.今年产值仅为去年的60%8.句式特征:%+up on 或over表示净增数The grain output of last year in this province was 20% percent up on that of 1978.去年粮食产量比1978年净增20%。
英译汉Chapter One 词义的选择、引申和褒贬一.词义的选择(一)根据词性He likes physics.They are shining like gold.Like knows like.(二) 根据上下文联系He is the last man to do it.He should be the last to blame.He is the last man to come.He is the last person for such a job.二.词义的引申(一)将词义做抽象化的引申1.将表示具体形象的词译成该形象代表的属性Every life has its roses and thorns.每个人的生活有甜有苦。
There is a mixture of the tiger and the ape in the character of them. 们的性格既残暴,又狡猾。
2.将带有特征性形象的词译成该形象所代表的词see-sawing between partly good and faintly bad 时好时坏这两种情况不断地交替出现Their troops goosestepped into power. 他们的军队耀武扬威地夺取了政权。
(二)将词义做具体化的引申The car in front of me stopped and I missed the green. 我前面的车停下来了,我错过了绿灯。
三.词义的褒贬(一)英语中有些词本身具有褒贬意义He was a man of high renown. 他是位有名望的人。
His notoriety didn’t come until his death. 他的恶名是他死后才传开的。
(二)中立意义的词在上下文中译出褒贬The politician talked about his hopes and ambitions. 我们要求他谈了他的希望和抱负He had lied to me and made me the tool of his wicked deeds. 他欺骗了我,使我成了他进行罪恶勾当的工具。
第一部分:数词的译法一、数字增减的译法:1.句式特征:by+名词+比较级+thanThe wire is by three inches longer than that one.这根导线比那根长3英寸。
2.句式特征:表示增减意义的动词+to+n.译为:增加到。
或减少到。
Metal cutting machines have been decreased to 50.金属切割机已经减少到50台。
二、百分数增减的表示法与译法1.句式特征:表示增减意义的动词+%The output value has increased 35%.产值增加了35%2.句式特征:表示增减意义的动词+by+%Retail salses should rise by 8%商品零售额应增加3%The prime cost decreased by 60%.主要成本减少60%3.句式特征:表示减少意义的动词+to+%表示减少后剩余的数量By using this new-process the loss of metal was reduced to 20%.采用这种新工艺,铁的损失量减少到20%4.句式特征:%+比较级+than表示净增减的数量Retail sales are expected to be nine percent higher than last year.今年零售额与去年相比,有望增加9%。
5.句式特征:%+比较级+名词表示净减数The new-type machine wasted 10 percent engergy supplied. 新型机械能耗量净减10%6.句式特征:a + % + increase表示净增数There is a 20% increase of steel as compared with last year.与去年相比,今年钢产量净增20%7.句式特征:%+ (of) 名词(代词)表示净减数,数字n照译The production cost is about 60 percent that of last year.今年产值仅为去年的60%8.句式特征:%+up on 或over表示净增数The grain output of last year in this province was 20% percent up on that of 1978.去年粮食产量比1978年净增20%。
英译汉Chapter One 词义的选择、引申和褒贬一.词义的选择(一)根据词性He likes physics.They are shining like gold.Like knows like.(二) 根据上下文联系He is the last man to do it.He should be the last to blame.He is the last man to come.He is the last person for such a job.二.词义的引申(一)将词义做抽象化的引申1.将表示具体形象的词译成该形象代表的属性Every life has its roses and thorns.每个人的生活有甜有苦。
There is a mixture of the tiger and the ape in the character of them.他们的性格既残暴,又狡猾。
2.将带有特征性形象的词译成该形象所代表的词see-sawing between partly good and faintly bad时好时坏这两种情况不断地交替出现Their troops goosestepped into power.他们的军队耀武扬威地夺取了政权。
(二)将词义做具体化的引申The car in front of me stopped and I missed the green.我前面的车停下来了,我错过了绿灯。
三.词义的褒贬(一)英语中有些词本身具有褒贬意义He was a man of high renown.他是位有名望的人。
His notoriety didn’t come until his death.他的恶名是他死后才传开的。
(二)中立意义的词在上下文中译出褒贬The politician talked about his hopes and ambitions.我们要求他谈了他的希望和抱负He had lied to me and made me the tool of his wicked deeds.他欺骗了我,使我成了他进行罪恶勾当的工具。
练习:Information technology will be at the heart of global economic competition in the 21st century.信息技术将成为21世纪全球经济竞争的中心。
The largest American cities are a diverse group, but they share certain problems.美国的大城市形形色色,却有许多共同的问题。
The expansion of educational opportunities promoted the American ideal of equal opportunity for all.由于教育不断普及,推动了机遇面前人人平等的美国理想的实现。
Race relations in the US continue to be a thorny problem.美国的种族关系一直是棘手的问题。
The diverse population presents great challenges to the society, racism and discrimination remain problems.多民族的人口结构也给社会带来一定的问题,种族歧视和偏见依然存在。
Both newspapers and magazines are heavily dependent on advertising for financial support.报纸和杂志的经费来源主要是依靠广告收入。
Geography has given the US extensive and accessible resources, fertile land, and a beneficial climate.地理位置为美国提供了丰富的可利用资源,肥沃的土地和有利的气候。
The percentage of US children living without their father present has ballooned.美国没有父亲的单亲孩子比例激增。
The American greeting card and decoration industries encourage the celebration of both religious and secular holidays.美国的节日贺卡和装饰业增添了宗教节日和习俗节日的欢乐气氛。
Between 1689 and 1763, Great Britain and France fought a series of wars which involved the North American colonies.1689年至1763年间英法两国连年战争,使北美的欧洲殖民地也卷入其中。
The modern American economy has never been completely free from government involvement。
现代美国经济从来没有完全脱离过政府的干预。
The increase in DINK families has shattered the traditional idea of Chinese family。
丁克家庭的增长冲击了传统的中国家庭观念。
Chapter Two 词类转译一.转译为动词1.名词转译为动词Rockets have found application for the exploration of the universe.火箭已用来探索宇宙。
2.含有动词意味的名词转译为动词The sight and sound of our plane filled me with special longing.看到我们的飞机,听到飞机的声音,令我特别神往。
3.英语中以er结尾的名词在句中不指身份和职业,而含有动词意味,译为动词I think my sister is a better singer than I.我认为我姐姐比我唱的好。
二.转译为名词1.名词派生的动词Formality has always characterized their relationship.他们之间的关系有一个特点就是以礼相待。
2.名词转化的动词This machine is designed to burn up if overused.这个机器,按其设计,如果过度使用就会烧毁。
练习:For millions of immigrants, the Statue of Liberty was their first sight of the promising land.数百万移民踏上这片充满希望的土地,第一眼看到的是自由女神像。
One thing that often leads people to move is the desire for better climate, more attractive scenery, more agreeable living.导致人们迁居的原因往往是向往宜人的气候,迷人的景色和惬意的生活。
The American airline industry has enjoyed significant expansion in the last twenty years.过去的20年中,美国的航空运输业迅速发展。
The growing concentration of wealth in the hands of a few people raised social and political issues. 财富逐渐集中在少数人手中,引发了许多社会问题和政治问题。
Population grew both as a result of natural increase and of continued immigration.人口的增长是自然增长和不断移民的结果。
The American economy is organized in single-owner businesses, partnerships and corporations.美国经济的组织方式是个人所有制,合伙制和公司制。
Chapter Three 分句合句法一.分句法(一)把原句中一个单词译成句子1.副词They, not surprisingly, did not respond at all.他们根本没有答复,这是不足为奇。
2.形容词He talked with understandable pride about his daughter.他在谈到他女儿的时候很自豪,这是可以理解的。
3.名词The inside of each house depended on the personality of its owner.每个房间内怎样的布置,这要看各个使用者的性格了。
(二) 把短语翻译成句子1.名词短语Energy can neither be created nor destroyed, a universally accepted law.能量既不能被创造也不能被消灭,这是一条普遍公认的规律。
2.介词短语Their power increased with their number.他们人数增加了,力量也随之增加。
(三) 把原文中的一个句子拆开, 变成两个句子Another round of war in the region clearly would put strains on international relations.如果该地区再次发生战争, 显然会使国际关系处于紧张状态。
His failure to observe the safety regulations resulted in an accident to the machinery.因为他没有遵守安全规则,机器出了故障。
二.合句法(一)把原文中两个或以上的简单句译成一个句子There are men here from all over the country. Many of them are from the north.从全国各地来的人中有许多是北方人。
(二)把原文中的主从复合句译成一句When we praise the Chinese leadership and the people, we are not merely being polite.我们对中国领导人和中国人民的赞扬不仅仅是处于礼貌。