英语五大基本句型
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Five basic sentence patterns之青柳念文创作
五大基本句型
一．五大基本句型：
1. I do.
S+V（主语+谓语动词）
2. You are beautiful/handsome.
S + V + C（主语 + 动词 + 主语补足语）即 “主系表”
3. I love you.
S+V+O（主语+ 谓语+ 宾语）
4. You make me happy.
S+V+O+C（主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语）
5. I will give you a kiss.
S+V+O+O（主语+ 谓语+ 宾语+宾语）
二．详细讲解
1. 基本句型一： S十V主谓布局
这种句型中的动词大多是不及物动词：appear, apologize,
arrive, come, die, disappear, fall, happen, rise等
如：学生们学习很尽力._____________________________________
2. 基本句型二: S十V十C主系表布局
罕见的系动词有：①be动词(是)； ②感官动词: look(看起来), feel(感到),
smell(闻起来), ;taste(尝起来),
sound(听起来);
③暗示状态的: seem(似乎), appear(似乎，好像), keep(坚持）, remain(仍是), stay(继续处于...状态)等等.
④暗示转变或成果的: get(变得), become(成为), turn(变得),go(变成), grow(渐渐变得), fall(变得), prove(证明)
1) 我们在任何时候都应该坚持安好. We should __________
__________ any time.
2) 这种食物尝起来很糟糕._________________________________________________.
3) 春天到了，天气变得越来越和缓.Spring comes. It is
______________________________.
4) 不要吃那种食物，它已经蜕变了. Don't have the food.
_______________________________.
3. 基本句型三: S十V十O主谓宾布局
1) 我昨天看了一部电影.________________________________________________. 2）这些孩子他们照看得很好.They have ________ ________
_________ of the children．
4. 基本句型四: S十V十间接宾语“人”十直接宾语“物”布局
1）昨天她父亲给她买了一辆自行车作为生日礼品.
Yesterday her father _______________ ________ _____
____________ as a birthday present.
2) The old man ___ ______ ____ ________ ________ in the
Long March.(正在给孩子们讲故事)
注意：这种句型还可转换为：S + V ＋直接宾语 “物”＋
for/ to sb. + 间接宾语“人”
1) 请把你的画给我看一下.
Please show me your picture. ==Please _________
________ __________ _____ _____. 2)我买了本书给他. I _______ _______ a book. = I _______a book
_____ _____.
间接宾语前需要加to 的常常使用动词有： bring, give,
hand, lend, offer, pass, pay, read, sell, send, show,
teach, tell wish, write等.
间接宾语前需要加for 的常常使用动词有： buy, choose,
make, order, paint, play(演奏)， sing,等.
5. 基本句型五: S十V十O十C主谓宾宾补布局 此句型句子的共同特点是：动词虽然是及物动词，但是只跟一个宾语还不克不及表达完整的意思，必须加上一个补偿成分来补足宾语.如call（叫）, choose（选）, find（发现）,
make, name(定名) 等词.
1）请让孩子们安好下来. Keep ______ _________ _________,
please.
2）他们把门漆成绿色. They painted ______ ______
________.
3) 我们必须坚持我们的学校洁.We must ______ ______
________ ______.
4) 我们发现他是一个怠惰的人.We found _____ _____
______ _______..
5) 他要我早点回来.He asked me _______ ________
________ soon.
注意：动词make, let, see, hear,等后面接动词不定式作宾补时，省略to.如：
1) The boss ________ _______ _________ all day. (迫使他休息)
2) We saw _____ ____ _____. (他出去)
这些词有：一感feel
二听hear, listen to
三让(使)：let, make, have 四看：see, look at, watch, notice
三．操练：
I:断定下面各句分别属于简单句的哪类基本句型：
1.They work hard.
2.The flower is dead.
3.Plants need water.
4.He gives me some seeds.
5.We should keep the plants in the shade.
6. My name is Li Kang.
7. I live in Shijiazhuang.
8. I’m writing down my thoughts about it.
9. Ms Shen gave us instructions.
10. We made him monitor.
11. Your sister dances beautifully.
12. Doing that would be playing with fire.
13. I will tell my friends to protect the environment.
14. They kept their marriage a secret.
15. She gave me her telephone number.
16. Good food keeps you healthy.
17. I advise waiting till the right time.
18. Did you sleep well?
19. Horse-riding and shooting are some of the more unusual events.
20. Pop music makes people feel easy and forget about
the real world.
II:翻译下列句子：
1. 花（闻起来）香.
2. 昨夜发生火灾.
3. 我们希望通过大学入学测验.
4. 妈妈给我买了一双鞋.
5. 我们要使我们的祖国变得更加斑斓.
6. 你应当尽力学习.
7. 她昨天回家很晚.
8. 我的兄弟都是大学生.
9. 冬季白日短，夜晚长.
10. 我不信任阿谁人.
11. 圣诞节我们将去探望外籍教员.
12.Johnson 先生去年教我们德语.
13. 奶奶昨晚给我们讲了一个有趣的故事.
14. 我们叫她Alice.
15. 他的父母给他取名为John.
III: A letter to a friend
英国女孩Jenny想在中国找一位笔友.请你根据表格中的内容, 以李洋的名义给Jenny写一封80词左右的信.信的开首与开首已给出, 不计入要求词数, 内容可适当发挥.
Name:Li Yang Age: 13
Family: father, mother and I
Favourite hobbies: swimming and skating
Other favourite things: Green and yellow, rice and
dumplings, dogs and birds
其他内容： 1. your age, height, appearance (春秋，身高，外貌) 2. your hobbies (高兴喜爱) 3.
your family and your home (家庭) 4. your dream
(胡想)
Dear Jenny,
How are you? I am glad to make friends with you. Let
me introduce myself at first.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
