Shop till you drop! 6Unit 6 Shop till you drop!Teaching suggestions and answer keysStarting pointMatch the questions with the answers.1 How often do you go shopping?M ost days I buy food to prepare meals in the students’ home. I prefer to cook food myself ratherthan go to the canteen. Sylvia, Florence2 What do you spend most money on?I buy a lot of music. It’s a hobby of mine, and I like to keep up with the latest bands. Jo, San Diego3 How often do you buy clothes?I usually go clothes shopping at the weekend, although I don’t always buy anything. I probablybuy something once every two weeks. Nadia, Moscow4 Which items you buy are essentials?Cosmetics. If I don’t wear eye make-up and lip gloss, I look awful. Danielle, Paris5 How often do you buy presents for other people?I buy something for all my family and friends at Christmas, although obviously I get presentsthrough the whole year. Toby, London6 Which do you prefer to use, credit cards or cash?M y father doesn’t allow me to get into debt, so I only ever use the money I have in my wallet.Teresa, Buenos Aires7 Do you ever borrow money from friends or family, or from a bank?Sometimes my mother lends me some money if I’ve used up my allowance. Jaime, Lima8 Do you try to save money?Well, I try, but I’m not very successful! Judy, Sydney158Shop till you drop! Unit 6Active reading (1)1 Work in pairs. Discuss which kind of shopping you enjoy most.Examples:•going to the shopping mallI like going to the mall because it’s clean, modern and interesting, but sometimes things are moreexpensive.•home shopping on televisionI know the idea is that you see things on TV and then buy them by phone or email. It’s useful if whatyou see is exactly what you want, but remember those programmes are really just adverts.•online shoppingT his can be a good way to buy things at bargain prices. I know someone who actually makes money bybuying and selling on the Internet. However, you need to be careful with online transactions; sometimesthe goods never reach you.•mail order catalogue shoppingI’ve never done this myself, but I’ve heard that buying clothes and household items this way is reallyfast because a good mail order company sends things immediately. Sometimes what you get may notlook like the item in the catalogue photo, but it’s easy to return things you don’t like and get a refund.2 Read about the people below and decide if their behaviour shows retail therapy or shopaholism.1 S andra has an addictive desire to shop. Shopping gives her a sense of temporary satisfaction followedby a feeling of shame which can be relieved by going shopping again. She feels lonely and has low self-esteem, especially as she is spending too much money and is in debt.Sandra’s behaviour shows shopaholism. She seems to be a shopaholic.2 R ose goes shopping to make herself feel more cheerful, especially if she is feeling slightly depressed orunhappy. She has a pleasurable experience and feels better afterwards, and regards shopping as a bit likegoing to the doctor for some medicine.Rose treats shopping as retail therapy.159Unit 6 Shop till you drop!160Retail therapy or shopaholism?Background informationThis passage is a magazine or newspaper article for general readers. It focuses on shopping addiction – shopaholism – and its causes and effects. The term shopaholic is similar in word formation to the words workaholic and chocaholic, and shopaholism can be regarded as harmful. While many people like shopping and sometimes feel that shopping can be retail therapy when they are under stress, shopaholics can suffer severe financial and social-psychological consequences. The passage suggests some solutions and practical steps which shopaholics can take.Culture pointsYou get into debt by spending more money than you have; so you end up in debt and the debts may accumulate. You can get out of debt by paying off or repaying what you owe. If the creditors (the people or companies to whom you owe money) decide that you no longer need to pay, then the debt is written off, or cancelled. The 2008 “credit crunch”, in which American and European banks found they couldn’t pay their debts to other banks and had been over-lending by giving mortgages to people who did not have the means to pay, shows how heavily some Western societies have relied on systems of debt.Language points1 I get a real buzz when I hand over my credit card … (Para 3)The word buzz here means “a strong feeling of pleasure, excitement or achievement”, eg I get a real buzz out of travelling.2 ... but it’s not good when someone loves shopping so much that they go into debt or worse, bankrupt.(Para 4)G oing bankrupt means that someone – or a company – has officially admitted that they have no moneyand cannot pay what they owe. This is a serious situation in law. If they become solvent again, they can clear their debts. Notice some metaphoric uses: intellectually bankrupt (a person or group with poor ideas or lacking in real thought) and morally bankrupt(a person or society with very poor moral standards).3 Psychologists see shopaholism as an addiction which can benefit from treatment. (Para 5)Shopaholism refers to the general condition or “illness” of being a shopaholic – someone who enjoys going shopping even when they don’t need anything and cannot pay for what they buy. Sufferers may not recognize the effect of their shopping behaviour (they “avoid reality”), they cannot control their spending habits (“a loss of control”), but think they are free to spend the money they don’t have (“an illusion of freedom”). Shopaholism may bring a temporary feeling of well-being and distract the person from the worries or anxieties of everyday life, but sufferers often feel guilt or shame. Doctors and psychologists use the medical term oniomania to refer to shopaholism and they would advise the sufferers to be treated.4 … to shop till you drop … (Para 5)This means to keep on shopping until you are exhausted. Then you drop, or fall down.5 … they take it one day at a time. (Para 11)The expression take it one day at a time is used when you are in a difficult situation or have such severe problems that you can only plan and act for the present, and adopt the step-by-step approach.Shop till you drop! Unit 6Reading and understanding3 Answer the questions.1 What is unusual about Linda, Kate and Carina’s attitude to shopping?The scale of their shopping is unusual; they spend a lot on shopping.2 What are the dangers of shopaholism?The dangers are debts and eventual bankruptcy.3 Who does shopaholism affect?It can affect anyone, though it usually affects women.4 What are the causes for shopaholism?T he causes include the fact that shopping appears attractive and exciting, that many young people feelanxious and lonely, angry or lacking in love and in need of comfort. Also it’s easy to obtain credit.5 What should you do if you’re a shopaholic?F irst, you should admit that you have a problem and work out why you are shopping so much and whatis missing in your life to make you behave like this. Then you need to find an alternative activity whichgives you pleasure and take practical steps, like destroying your credit cards and only buying what’s onyour shopping list.6 Do Linda, Kate and Carina enjoy retail therapy or suffer from shopaholism?A ll the three of them enjoyed retail therapy at the beginning, but it has become a problem for them andhas developed into shopaholism.Dealing with unfamiliar words4 Match the words in the box with their definitions.1 equal to something else in quality or importance (comparable)2 having no money and unable to pay what is owed (bankrupt)3 a strong feeling of wanting to have or to do something, especially something that is bad for you(temptation)4 a short journey that you take for pleasure (excursion)5 someone or something that is different in some way from other people or things and so cannot beincluded in a general statement (exception)6 the process of becoming fit and healthy again after an illness or injury (recovery)5 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words in the box.1 When you buy clothes, there are often two labels, one which shows the price and the other, the makeand other information.2 When researchers claim something a fact, it’s because it’s true.3 Someone who is fashion-conscious likes to wear clothes which are very up-to-date.4 To do something with ease means doing it without any difficulties.5 Something which is the norm is usual or expected.161Unit 6 Shop till you drop!6 Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words in the box. You may need to makeother changes.1 When the three main symptoms of shopaholism are put together, it becomes an addiction. (combined)2 A rough guess at the amount of what Victoria Beckham spends on clothes every year is £100,000.(estimation)3 You may have a false impression of freedom when you’re a shopaholic. (illusion)You may have an illusion of freedom when you’re a shopaholic.4 Most people today consider it normal being in debt. (accept)7 Answer the questions about the words and expressions.1 If you smile broadly, is your smile (a) very happy and wide, or (b) very small and quick?2 Is buzz likely to be (a) a pleasant, or (b) an unpleasant feeling?3 Is a mall (a) a department store, or (b) a large building with a lot of shops and restaurants?4 If you’re addicted to something, is it likely to be (a) good for you, or (b) bad for you?5 Is a mail order catalogue (a) a magazine for women, or (b) a magazine with photographs of things youcan buy by mail?6 If you take it one day at a time, do you do something (a) step by step, or (b) in one go?7 If you look for all the world like someone else, is it likely that you look (a) a little bit, or (b) exactly likethem?Reading and interpreting8 Work in pairs. Look at the sentences from the passage and decide if they show facts or opinions.1 “There’s nothing comparable to the feeling of power and importance I get when I go shopping.”(opinion)2 Psychologists see shopaholism as an addiction which can benefit from treatment. (fact)3 Research suggests that shopaholism is a global problem, claiming that 90 per cent of shopaholics arewomen. (fact)4 ... Victoria Beckham spends £100,000 yearly on shopping. (fact)5 But today it’s the norm to have a credit card, and it’s acceptable to be in debt. (opinion)6 What’s more, using a credit card doesn’t feel like spending real money. (opinion)Developing critical thinking9 Work in pairs and discuss the questions.1 Do you enjoy retail therapy, or have you ever experienced shopaholism? Do you know anyone who has?I enjoy retail therapy after exams, but I would rather call it “a celebration” after working hard for solong. I don’t know any shopaholics, but I have read about some. It seems they have a quite normal lifeand then suddenly go mad about shopping. I suppose they have too much stress.162Shop till you drop! Unit 6 2 Do you agree that it’s easy to get credit or borrow money today?Well, banks like to encourage people to use credit cards and to borrow money, because they then canmake money by charging you interest on what you borrow. But I don’t agree that it’s easy to get credit,at least it isn’t for students. Even if you can get credit the bank will give you a low credit limit so thatyou can’t spend too much.3 Who should take the responsibility for an addiction to shopping, the individual, the shop or theconsumer society?This is a complex question. The individual shopper is responsible, really, but addicts will always find itdifficult to control themselves. Shops may have some responsibility, but it’s the job of shop assistantsto encourage everyone to buy, so that’s what they do. The consumer society gives constant messagesthrough advertising and the media that it is good to have plenty of things, so people are encouraged tobuy. Perhaps we should be careful about these messages.4 Do you think that well-known people who spend a lot of money on shopping are attractive role models?I think if well-known people spend their money unwisely in public, they are surely not attractive rolemodels. We should make judgment by ourselves, instead of just following the well-known people.Talking pointWork in pairs and discuss the questions.1 How has the experience of shopping changed for people over recent years?When I talked to my mother about this, I realized that the experience of shopping in China is generallydifferent now compared to 20 years ago. There are more goods available, and much more choice (egdifferent kinds of food), and many shops are bigger, better and cleaner. We are a lucky generationbecause our parents worked hard for these things.2 How do assistants serve customers in supermarkets compared with traditional shops, eg a grocery?In supermarkets, an assistant usually serves only one person at a time. But traditional shops, eg agrocery, normally have fewer assistants, so an assistant may serve several people at the same time.3 How are goods presented in shops and markets?In Chinese supermarkets and shops, goods are normally presented on open shelves with prices on thewrapped goods or on the boards. This is very much the same in Western supermarkets or shops. Oneobvious difference between a Chinese and Western supermarket or shop is that there are more assistantsin a Chinese supermarket, perhaps because there are more people and customers in China.4 Do people say “please” or “thank you” when they go shopping?In Chinese, saying “please” or “thank you” is perhaps less common than it is in English for day-to-day shopping – this may surprise English speakers (or speakers of many European languages) who areused to using these expressions every time they go shopping. But visitors to China should not assumethat using fewer of these expressions means that Chinese people aren’t polite! There are many ways ofshowing politeness, apart from using these social formulae.163Unit 6 Shop till you drop!164Active reading (2)1 Work in pairs and answer the questions.1 When you shop, do you prefer to go with someone or to go alone?If I am shopping for clothes, music or something like a camera or a mobile phone, then I would prefer to go with my friends, because they can help me to choose things. If I am shopping for food, then it doesn’t matter if I am alone, but still I usually go with friends.2 How often have you been shopping with a boyfriend or a girlfriend?Well, I don’t have a partner just at the moment. If I had, then I expect we would go shopping together quite a lot.3 Who likes shopping more, men or women?I think that generally women are more choosy and more patient than men, so women perhaps enjoyshopping more than men. On the other hand, I know some men who love shopping, so I suppose it may also depend on individual personality.4 What are the risks of shopping with someone who is not enjoying it as much as you are?The main risk is that they will become bored or impatient, so I would try to go to a shopping place where I know there will be something interesting to them.2 Read the passage and decide if:1 the writer is a man or a womanA woman, because the writer talks about women using “we”, but talks about men using “he” or “yourboyfriend”.2 the writer is addressing men or womenWomen, because the writer says “your boyfriend”, “You are the princess of High Street retail outlets, the Queen of the shopping mall!”, “trying on a new skirt” and “your poor, broken man”.How to shop with your boyfriendBackground informationThe style of the passage is that of a light-hearted magazine article for young women, which offers advice about shopping with men. The humour comes through the use of informal language, such as footie (football), telly (television), a chap (person / guy), yeah babe (yes, dear), and the exaggerated perception of shopping (for men) as an endurance test or a total waste of time, the far-fetched comparison between men and ancient hunter-gatherers, waiting outside the changing rooms as one of the most dangerous activities in the world, the colour which will provoke a citizen’s arrest, and chewing the carpet (this is not literal).The passage can be used for understanding the style of a magazine article and thus for learning different writing styles. This can be important for Ss in their future career if they need to write articles for different readers.Shop till you drop! Unit 6Culture pointsShopping is the general activity of going round different shops, looking at or looking for various things. This would normally include buying something, but not so if something is not available or you can’t find exactlywhat you want. So buying is usually, but not necessarily, part of shopping. Window shopping would normally mean just looking at items in the windows, even when the shops are closed. On the other hand, you can buy something without going shopping, eg through mail order, the Internet, or responding to a newspaper advert.In the passage, men prefer buying (they want a result), while women prefer shopping (the process of looking, searching, trying on and trying out).A league is a group of sports teams or players who regularly compete against one another, put in order according to how many points they have won. The Premier League in England is the group of the very best football teams (there are other groups in lower leagues). At the end of the football season, the team with the most points is at the top of the league and wins the Premiership Cup. Other European countries have similar systems, eg Series A in Italy.Language points1 … where we saw something fashionable or of incredibly good value … (Para 1)Something of incredibly good value refers to an unbelievable bargain.2 Men don’t get this. (Para 2)The word get here means “to understand something” in informal usage, eg Finally, I got the joke, I don’t get what you mean, or Oh, I see ... yes, I get it.3 It’s because he knows no one can shop single-handed. (Para 4)The expression to do something single-handed means that it is done by one person without help from anyone else. This joking comment implies that the boyfriend understands that women need someone to help them shop. They can’t go shopping alone because they need support.4 ... he’ll demonstrate his total conviction about your sense of fashion. (Para 5)The boyfriend will give favourable comments and support whatever his girlfriend likes or dislikes by talking about her sense of fashion. This will make her feel good, like the princess or the Queen.5 … the only answer is in the affirmative … (Para 6)The main idea of this paragraph is the humorous comment that the boyfriend will always agree with what his girlfriend likes, so ask him yes / no questions instead of either / or questions because he won’t want to risk disagreeing with his girlfriend by answering “No”.6 He won’t want you to be uncertain, because it will simply be confirmation of his expectations aboutwomen. (Para 8)He expects women to be uncertain – a stereotype – but he doesn’t want his girlfriend to be uncertain. He doesn’t want his girlfriend’s behaviour to confirm the stereotype.7 You see … (Para 9)This expression is used when you are explaining something.165Unit 6 Shop till you drop!166 8 Even you know the colour will provoke a citizen’s arrest or frighten the children when you walkdown the street wearing it. (Para 9)A citizen’s arrest is an arrest made by a member of the public, rather than by the police, who believessomeone has committed a crime and takes them to the police. This is humorous exaggeration: Wearing a bright colour is not actually a crime nor will it frighten children.9 … peer through the changing room curtains to try and spot him chewing the carpet ... (Para 10)The word chew means “to use your teeth to bite something into small pieces so that you can swallow it”.The exaggerated expression chewing the carpet gives an image of the boyfriend’s extreme boredom or frustration.10 … when he sees you, out of hearing, at the cash desk looking for all the world as if you’re about tobuy something. (Para 11)If you are out of hearing, you can be seen but not heard because you are too far away. The expression for all the world is used for emphasis, meaning “exactly as if”. The sentence means the girlfriend makes the boyfriend think she is buying the item of clothing, but actually she is just asking for a different size.11 … your man run the full range of human emotions from A to ... well, B. (Para 12)The expected expression here is “from A to Z”, meaning “through the entire range of emotions”. By saying from A to B, with the hesitation word well, the writer makes a joking critique of the range of emotions that men feel – very limited.12 “Oh, it’s just my luck.” (Para 13)This means “It’s bad luck”, which is said after something bad has happened because you think you are not a lucky person. This is similar to “It’s just my fate” or “It’s fate”, which is said as if you accept a difficult situation because you think you cannot change it. These expressions are not exactly the same as “Bad luck”, which is said to show sympathy if someone fails to do something.13 … you must reward your boyfriend with beer and the footie on the telly. (Para 14)Footie, or footy, is a short form for football. Like telly(television), it has the informal suffix -ie or -y.These forms are especially common in Australian English, where they are usually used to show affection or positive attitudes: kiddie (child or kid), brekkie (breakfast), veggies (vegetables), comfy (comfortable), undies (underwear), townie (a town person), greenie (a person who is concerned with the environment), smoothie (a smooth talker, or a cold drink made with blended fruit).Reading and understanding3 Choose the best way to complete the sentences.1 The difference between women and men when they shop is (a).(a) women enjoy the process whereas men need a result(b) women like hunting but men don’t(c) men think it’s a waste of time, but women like to waste time(d) men enjoy more dangerous activities than shopping2 In the past men used to go hunting only when they needed to, so today (c).(a) he goes shopping to show his affection(b) he only enjoys shopping reluctantly, in order to please his girlfriend(c) he shops when he needs to and is in a hurry to get home quickly(d) he goes shopping because he doesn’t want his girlfriend to spend too much money3 It’s important to ask for your boyfriend’s opinion (a).(a) because he’ll make you feel good about your fashion sense(b) even though he knows he might not give you the answer you want(c) as long as you ask him long, complicated questions(d) if you want him to take a genuine interest4 If you intend to buy something, (d).(a) try not to make your boyfriend bored(b) you’ll only confirm your boyfriend’s expectations about women(c) be careful because it’s one of the most dangerous activities in the world(d) make quite sure it suits you and fits you before you tell your boyfriend5 Make sure you’re kind to your boyfriend by (b).(a) watching his face when you buy something and taking him home to watch football(b) rewarding him with beer and football(c) asking if he has the clothes in a different size(d) making him wait a long time outside the changing roomDealing with unfamiliar words4 Match the words in the box with their definitions.1 very interesting (fascinating)2 the ability to continue doing something difficult or unpleasant (endurance)3 to take hold of something roughly (grab)4 an individual thing (item)5 the feeling of being very interested in something or excited by it (enthusiasm)6 a strong belief or opinion about something (conviction)7 the word “yes” or a sign that you agree with something (affirmative)8 the proof that something you believed is definitely true (confirmation)5 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words in the box.1 I think you’re a very good chap to go shopping with your girlfriend.2 When a woman finds something which suits her, she’s not simply a woman, she becomes a princess.3 It’s important not to provoke your boyfriend by spending too long at the shops.4 Your boyfriend will not cooperate with you if you spend all day shopping and buy nothing.5 For some women, the sheer excitement of a day’s shopping is almost too much to bear.6 The football commentator screamed wildly when Italy scored.1676 Answer the questions about the words and expressions.1 incredibly good value Is it extremely good or not very good value?It is extremely good value, or an unbelievable bargain.2 Men don’t get this. What does get mean in this context?It means that men don’t understand this. The word get means “to understand” or “to appreciate” here.3 snack What kind of meal is a snack? A large meal or a quick meal?It’s a quick meal, something small and light to eat, or a small amount of food eaten between meals.4 checkout What do you do at the checkout?Checkout is the place where you pay for the goods before leaving a supermarket or a large shop. It isnormally near the door of a shop.7 Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words in the box.Many women like to wear clothes which are (1) popular at a particular time. The problem is their boyfriends (2) don’t often enjoy shopping. So before you leave home, it’s important to have specific(3) plans about what you hope to achieve. While you’re shopping, it’s (4) essential to get your boyfriendto show he’s (5) approving when you choose something new. You can visit as many (6) shops as you like, as long as you buy something. When you get back you should (7) show your kindness by allowing him to(8) drop into a comfortable chair, drink beer and watch television. But if it isn’t your (9) plan to spendmoney but only to window-shop, maybe you shouldn’t take your boyfriend along.Key: (1) fashionable(2) rarely(3) objectives(4) crucial(5) favourable(6) retail outlets (7) demonstrate(8) collapse(9) intentionReading and interpreting8 Work in pairs. Look at the sentences from the passage and answer the questions.1 You are the princess of High Street retail outlets, the Queen of the shopping mall! What does thissuggest about the self-confidence of the shopper?It suggests that the shopper is very confident indeed and is the centre of attention. She feels she is incomplete control and probably the boyfriend will respect and admire her like a princess or the Queen.2 Trying clothes on while your boyfriend is waiting outside the changing room is one of the mostdangerous activities in the world. Why is it so dangerous?Because there is a high risk that your boyfriend will get bored and frustrated. He thinks there shouldbe a result and you should buy something in the end. But you are simply trying clothes on for fun andprobably have no intention of buying anything.168。
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