高级英语6unit11on self-respect课文翻译

Unit 2 A Class Act1.成长在二战期间战火连天的曼彻斯特意味着生活艰辛，金钱紧缺，整日焦虑不安，当铺成了大多数家庭经常去的地方，当然也包括我家。

2.然而，我不能对已经很有进取心和积极乐观的父母有更多的要求了。

他们艰辛地工作，用尊严和快乐来支撑着这个家庭。

我强壮而又智慧的父亲几乎无所不能，而且从不缺木匠和手工艺活。

为了满足家庭开支，他甚至参加了偶尔在小巷组织的拳击比赛。

至于我的母亲，她勤劳节约，极爱干净。

即使条件艰苦，在母亲的照料下，她的五个孩子总能吃得饱饱地，穿得干干净净地去学校。

3.尽管我的衣服熨得很平整，鞋子擦得发亮，还是不符合学校的着装标准。

尽管妈妈勤俭持家/省吃俭用，想办法为我们做衣服，但是我还是没有学校指定的蓝色校服和帽徽。

4.由于战争，政府实施定量配给制。

很多学校都放宽了对学生着装的要求，因为他们知道在那个时候弄到衣服是一件很困难的事情。

尽管如此，我所在的女子学校对着装的要求依旧很严格，每个学生必须要穿学校指定的校服。

所以，每天主持校会的副校长就把教我一个人如何着装当成了他的工作。

5.虽然我努力地向老师说明我不能遵守的理由，并且事实上，我也在努力地改进，但是每天老师都会把我从队伍中拉出来，然后让我站到台上，作为不穿校服到学校的学生的典型。

6.每天，当我独自一人尴尬地站在同学们的面前时，我都会强忍住泪水。

为了惩罚我，老师甚至不允许我参加体操队，也不允许我参加我最喜欢的每周一次的交际舞会。

我多么希望在这所可怕的学校里，能有这样一位老师，他会睁开双眼，然后看看我会做什么，而不是不断地告诉我不能做什么。

7.然而，在我十二岁的记忆中，除了接受惩罚我别无选择。

不要让我善良的母亲知晓这种惯例的惩罚对我而言是很重要的，我不敢冒险让她来学校为我说情，因为我知道心胸狭隘、不讲情面的教员会同样地使她难堪，那意味着我们俩都会不愉快、会气愤。

千万不要啊，如果她告诉我父亲的话，他将会立即为保护我而与老师大打出手。

Unit 1 I Two Words to Avoid, Two to Remember 避免两词，铭记两词乔治·戈登亚瑟·戈登在生活中，没有什么比顿悟更令人激动、更有益处了，它可以改变一个人——不仅仅是改变，而且变得更好。

当然，这种顿悟的时刻很罕见，但仍然会降临到我们所有人身上，它有时来自于一本书、一次布道、一句诗歌，有时来自于一个朋友……在曼哈顿一个寒冷的冬季下午，我坐在一个法国小餐馆，倍感失落和压抑。

因为我的几次错误估算，一个对我生活至关重要的项目落空了。

就连马上就要见到一个老朋友（这个老人，我常私下亲切地这样想到他）的念头都不像以前那样让我兴奋。

我坐在桌边，皱起眉头看着有黑白格子的桌布，反复咀嚼着自己的失误。

他来了，穿过街道，裹着旧大衣，不成形的毡帽低低地压在光头上，看上去不像是一个有名的精神病医生，倒像是童话中一个充满活力的老精灵。

他的办公室就在附近；我知道他刚刚看完今天的最后一个病人。

他年近八十，但仍然拎着装满文件的公文包，仍然掌管着一项重大的基金，仍然喜欢忙里偷闲去打高尔夫球。

等他过来坐在我旁边时，服务员早已把他常要的浓啤酒端了过来。

我已经几个月没有见到他了，但他似乎还是老样子，神采不减。

没有任何寒暄，他就问我：“你怎么了，年轻人？” 他敏锐的观察力早已不让我感到惊奇。

于是我就详细地把烦恼告诉了他。

带着一丝忧伤的自豪，我尽量地陈述实情，对自己的失意，我只能怪自己，不怪任何人。

我分析了整件事情，所有的错误判断，以及不明智的行动。

我讲了约有十五分钟，老人默默地喝着啤酒。

我讲完后，他放下杯子：“走吧，到我的办公室去。

”“到你的办公室？你忘带什么了吗？”他和蔼地说：“不是，我想看看你对某些实情的反应，仅此而已。

”外面阴雨渐起，但他的办公室很暖和、舒适、亲切：满是书的书架靠墙放着、长长的皮沙发、弗洛伊德的亲笔签名照片，窗边放着的录音机。

他的秘书已经回家了，只有我们在那里。

Lesson 1 摇滚歌星1972年6月的一天，芝加哥圆形剧场挤满了大汗淋漓、疯狂摇摆的人们。

滚石摇滚乐队的迈克•贾格尔正在台上演唱“午夜漫步人”。

演唱结束时评论家唐•赫克曼在现场。

他描述道：“贾格尔抓起一个半加仑的水罐沿舞台前沿边跑边把里面的水洒向前几排汗流浃背的听众。

听众们蜂拥般跟随着他跑，急切地希望能沾上几滴洗礼的圣水。

1973年12月下旬的一天，约1.4万名歌迷在华盛顿市外的首都中心剧场尖叫着，乱哄哄地拥向台前。

美国的恐怖歌星艾利丝•库珀的表演正接近尾声。

他表演的最后一幕是假装在断头台上结束自己的生命。

他的“头”落入一个草篮中。

“哎呀！”一个黑衣女孩子惊呼道：“啊!真是了不起，不是吗？”。

当时，14岁的迈克珀力也在场，但他的父母不在那里。

“他们觉得他恶心，恶心，恶心，”迈克说，“他们对我说，你怎么受得了那些？”1974年1月下旬的一天，在纽约州尤宁谷城拿骚体育场内，鲍勃•狄伦和“乐队”乐队正在为音乐会上要用的乐器调音。

馆外，摇滚歌迷克利斯•辛格在大雨中等待着入场。

“这是朝圣，”克利斯说，“我应该跪着爬进去。

”对于这一切好评及个人崇拜，你怎么看？当米克•贾格尔的崇拜者们把他视为上帝的最高代表或是一个神时，你是赞成还是反对？你也和克利斯•辛格一样对鲍勃•狄伦怀有几乎是宗教般的崇敬吗？你认为他或狄伦是步入歧途吗？你也认为艾利丝•库珀令人恶心而拒不接受吗？难道你会莫名其妙地被这个奇怪的小丑吸引，原因就在于他表达出你最狂热的幻想？这些并不是闲谈。

有些社会学家认为对这些问题的回答可以充分说明你在想些什么以及社会在想些什么——也就是说，有关你和社会的态度。

社会学家欧文•霍洛威茨说：“音乐表现其时代。

” 霍洛威茨把摇滚乐的舞台视为某种辩论的论坛，一个各种思想交锋的场所。

他把它看作是一个美国社会努力为自己的感情及信仰不断重新进行解释的地方。

他说：“重新解释是一项只有青年人才能执行的任务。

只有他们才把创造与夸张、理性与运动、言语与声音、音乐与政治融为一体。

第一单元1在我住宅区经常看到一位白发老人手持夹具和大塑料袋.捡起包糖纸.香蕉皮之类的垃圾.In our neighborhood a white-haired old man is often seen wielding tongs and a big plastic bag picking up trash like candy wrappers and banana skins.2他就是大家敬重的李大爷.退休前他是一家大公司的高级管理人员.经常忙得不亦乐乎.The old man is Grandpa Li respected by all. A senior executive of a big company before he retired, Grandpa Li used to live a terribly busy life.3按说现在他可以享受退休生活了.可他不愿意在家闲着不做事.他该怎样适应退休生活呢?李大爷遇事从不拖拉.他当即决定从帮助老伴削土豆皮.打扫厨房之类的家务活干起.Now he was supposed to enjoy his retirement, but he hated to stay idle at home. How would he adapt to his retired life? Never putting off anything, Grandpa Li resolved there and then to start by helping his wife with such housework as peeling potatoes and cleaning up the kitchen.4除此之外.他还尽自己最大努力帮着把住宅区搞好.李大爷完全相信.他的努力会结出果实.Besides that, he does all he can to help turn round things in the neighborhood. Grandpa Li accepts on faith that his efforts will yield fruit.第二单元1他对生活的乐观态度常常会感染队友.在队里造成一种积极向上的气氛. His optimistic attitude toward life tended to spread to his teammates, and created a positive atmosphere within the team.2搜寻外星人或许有可能为我们了解宇宙起源提供新的线索.The search for extraterrestrial intelligence may throw new light on the origins of the universe.3他妻子把他们所处的窘境跟他说了.然后让他仔细想想他们剩下的可能有的几种选择.His wife told him the dilemma that they were in, and then left him to ponder the few options left to them.4她为招待会所挑选的食物.音乐和装饰品全都显示她高雅的情趣.Her choices of food, music and decorations for the reception all showed her exquisite taste.5你今后出国旅行的机会即便有.也很可能极少.我觉得这次你应该尽量争取去.Your opportunities to travel abroad in future might very well be so few, if any, that I think you should make every effort to go this time.1高考落榜的消息对我简直是个沉重打击.The news that I had failed in the college entrance examination was nothing less than a heavy below to me.2我开始怀疑自己要当作家的理想是否能够变成现实.我还担心父母得知这一消息后会对我大发雷霆.I became doubtful whether my dream to be a writer could ever be translated into reality.And I was afraid my parents would get furious with me when they learned about my failure in the examination.3但结果他们连眉头也没有朝我皱过.反倒鼓励我自学成才.It turned out, however, that they didn’t so much as frown at me. Instead, they encouraged me to become self-educated.4他们对我说.只要我努力学习.只要抱有条条大路通罗马的信念.我伯理想一定能实现.They told me that my dream would certainly come true so long as I worked hard and had the conviction that all roads lead to Rome.5说实话.他们的鼓励话语对我恢复信心帮助极大.到心情好一点时.我在社区图书馆接了一份工作.To tell the truth, their encouraging words did a great deal to revive my confidence. When I found myself in a better mood, I took a job at the neighborhood library.. 6我在业余时间广泛阅读.越读越渴求获得知识.During my spare time I read extensively. The more I read, the more I hungered for knowledge.7有一天.写作的冲动在我胸中翻腾.但当我试着写时.什么也写不出来.One day, the impulse to write surged up with me. But when I tried to writ, nothing would come.8我发现要写作.仅有愿望是远远不够的.I discovered that mere desire was far from sufficient for writing.9我得在现实生活中了解人们.这样才能熟悉他们.进而描写他们.I had to learn about people in real life so that I could know them well enough to write about them1起初.我打算先准备生物课的考试.而后再做论文.但后来决定还是将做的顺序倒过来为好.At first I planned to prepare for my biology test first and then work on my research paper, but later I decided that I had better do it the other way around.2就预测地震而言.科学家能做的似乎微乎其微.不过城市规划设计师却可以在减轻地震造成的损失方面有点作为.When it comes to predicting earthquakes, there seems very little scientists can do, though city planners can do something to reduce the damage caused by earthquakes.3去年夏天洪水期间.不得不动员全国的力量来救灾.D uring last summer’s flood, the whole nation had to be mobilized for relief efforts.4鉴于她对生活的消极态度.她不可能在改革管理部门的事情上给予支持. Given her passive attitude towards life, she is not likely to provide any support in terms of management reform5凭她的创见和组织能力.我认为她不是我们的负担而是我们委员会的一份宝贵的财富.With her creative mind and organizational ability, she is, I believe, not a liability but rather a great asset to our committee.第五单元24一天夜晚.罗杰所住的那个社区发生了一件未遂谋杀案.One night, there was an attempted murder in the community where Roger lived. 25无人知道是谁干的.但警方怀疑罗杰.因为他的作奸犯科的历史在县法院有案可查.此外.警方眼里.罗杰被列为该县最危险的人物之一.必须小心对付.No one knew who did it, but the police suspected it was Roger because his criminal history was on record in the county court did, in addition, in their eyes, he was ranked among the most dangerous men in the county and must be dealt with cautiously.26于是他被传下个星期五到庭受审.他已失业数月.不用说.他请不起律师.但他希望有人愿意通过电话给他提供免费咨询.以便他能在庭上自行辩护.So he was summoned to appear in court the following Friday. Being out of a job for months, needless to say, he couldn’t afford a lawyer, but he hoped that someone would be willing to give him some free legal advice over the phone so that he could defend himself in court.。

[整理版]高中英语选修6 课文翻译Module6 unit1艺术西方的艺术风格经历了多次变革，而中国艺术所经历的变革则比较少。

艺术受到人民生活方式和信仰的影响，而中国，和欧洲不同，它的生活方式在很长时期里都是相近的。

西方艺术风格多种多样，在短短的一篇课文里不可能进行全面的描述。

因此，本文只谈从公元5世纪以来少数几种主要的艺术风格。

中世纪(公元5世纪到15世纪)在中世纪，画家的主要任务是把宗教的主题表现出来。

艺术家们无意于如实地展现自然和人物，却着意体现对上帝的爱戴与敬重，因此，这段时期的绘画充满着宗教的信条。

到13世纪时，情况已经开始发生变化，像乔托这样的画家们开始以一种比较现实的风格来画宗教场景。

文艺复兴时期(15世纪到16世纪)在文艺复兴时期，新的思想和价值观取代了中世纪的思想和价值观。

人们开始更多地关注人而非宗教。

画家们回到了罗马、希腊的古典艺术理念上。

他们力争如实地画出人物和自然。

富人们想为自己的宫殿和豪宅收集艺术品，他们高价聘请著名艺术家来为自己画相，画自己的房屋和其它财物，以及他们的活动和成就。

在此期间，最重要的发现之一就是如何用透视法来画出事物。

第一个在绘画中使用透视法的人是马萨乔，那是在1428年。

当人们第一次看到他的画时，还以为是透过墙上的小洞来观看真实的场景，并对此深信不疑。

如果没有发现透视法，人们就不可能画出如此逼真的画。

在文艺复兴对期，油画也得到了发展，它使得色彩看上去更丰富、更深沉。

印象派时期(19世纪后期到20世纪初期)19世纪后期，欧洲发生了巨大的变化，从以农业为主的社会变成了以工业为主的社会。

许多人从农村迁入到新城市。

有着许多新发明，还有许多社会变革。

这些变革也自然而然地导致了绘画风格上的变化。

在那些突破传统画法的画家中有生活和工作在法国巴黎的印象派画家。

印象派画家是第一批室外写景的艺术家。

他们想把一天中不同时间投射到物体上的光线和阴影呈现出来。

由于自然光的变化很快，所以印象派画家们必须很快地作画，因此，他们的画就不像以前那些画家的画那样细致了。

迪士尼世界：后现代的乌托邦城市1迪斯尼世界的本质是什么？这个答案多半体现在迪斯尼为游客创造幻觉的努力上，这一幻觉使游客觉得自己进入了一个更符合他们渴望的完美世界。

迪斯尼世界用各种各样的方式创造了这个完美世界。

例如，它鼓励游客以一个孩子的眼光去看待这个乐园，并把自己定义为一个“给生活带来梦想”的地方。

然而最根本的却是，它只是创造了一个完美世界的虚构版本。

在这个世界，迪斯尼引导游客逃脱来自现实生活中的束缚；在这个世界，游客不再受时间，距离，体积和现实法则的约束。

在五花八门的游乐区中，游客似乎脱离了人体以及人体的遗传基因；他们穿梭于过去与未来中，离开了地球。

在惊险的游乐项目中，他们不遵循万有引力定律，以一种不符常理的速度和方式移动着。

2迪斯尼世界还怂恿游客逃避社会和自我的堕落状态。

它创造了美国资本主义制度和政治历史的理想化幻象；它把游客拖入到永久庆典的世界中----一个满是游行队伍、焰火，盛装的表演者以及无尽的享乐诱惑的世界。

游客仿佛加入了一个永无止境的假期中，生活中的负面情绪也都被抛之脑后。

3显然，当你把所有这些都联系在一起，就可了解到，迪斯尼世界只是帮助游客以一种虚构的方式实现人类最大的梦想：超越。

在迪斯尼世界，我们超越了平凡。

它取代了我们自己所在的世界----在现实世界，多数机遇与我们擦肩而过，多数人隐藏自己的动机；而在迪斯尼，我们游历在象征世界：这个世界客观、具体，却似乎没有压力、无忧无虑，异常精彩，正如幻想一般。

4就是这样，迪斯尼摆脱了当代社会枯燥的“科学主义”世界观。

德国社会学家马克思韦伯曾经说过，在当今社会，随着科学地位的上升和宗教影响的减弱，我们正在见证世界的觉醒。

仿真文化的产物，例如迪斯尼世界，似乎正在随着一种新的承诺而重获魅力：利用太空飞行，外星人，时光穿梭和失落世界的各种神话，艺术和科技可以将我们的世界创造成最新版的当代爱情故事。

5但迪斯尼世界并不只提供客观化幻象。

借助仿真的力量，它也向我们展示了，科技是如何赋予我们不受世界控制的力量和自由的。

Unit1在我成长的房子里有一间屋子，我们把它称作图书馆。

当然，那不是真正的图书馆，它仅仅是由电视机占据了主要位置的一间书斋。

但是它四面墙上全部装修了嵌入式书架，上面摆了数百本书籍——那些精装本的书籍呈现着各种颜色，它们在那间屋里把我们团团围住。

这些书是我父母和祖父母花了毕生精力收集起来的，它们成为我童年的一部分。

我们这一代人——即20世纪50年代和60年代的人——可能是了解这种心情的最后一代人了，那种被上百万文字环绕着的感觉；那些文字是历代知名的和默默无闻的作家们的作品。

当前，在20世纪70年代中期，我们正目睹一个不易察觉却毫无疑问存在的慢慢背离书籍这类事物的倾向。

恐怕美国的家庭很快就不会再留出房间做图书馆了。

精装的图书——那思想永驻的象征，那从一个时代向下一时代传留的智慧——可能会添加到我们即将灭绝的物种名单上去。

Unit 2 The foreign students at New York University come from more than 130 countries. Fifty percent are from Asia, especially South Korea, Japan and China. Foreign students are studying in all fourteen schools within the university. These include arts and sciences, law, business and education .Seventy-five percent of the foreign students are in graduate school. About twenty-five percent are in four-year programs that lead to a bachelor’s degree.The cost of attending New York University is different in each of its schools. For example, one year of study at the Wagner Graduate School of Public Service costs about $19,000. Some other schools within NYU cost more. Some cost less. The housing cost is about $9,000 a year.Bachelor’s degree students at NYU can borrow money from financial institutions to help pay for their studies. Foreign students in graduate school at NYU can get teaching or research jobs at the university. They can also get loans from financial institutions.Unit3.十五年前，计算机专家们扩展了因特网系统。

1. What Tom needs at present is not financial support but wholesome advice.2. The two brothers resemble each other in all respects except (in) temperament.3. My advice is that from now on you have nothing more to do with him.4. It is no exaggeration to say Bob owes all he now has to your father.5. The proposal might be turned down at the meeting though I am in favor of it.6. The way he laughed made my flesh creep/made my hair stand on end.7. The sharp-edged irony in his essays distinguishes him from other writers.8. Roy’s reference to the mismanagement in his factory revealed his ignorance.9. How is it that your arrival has anticipated your telegram?10. As your parents see the matter in a different light , most probably they will not consent to/ bein favor of the plan.11.The incongruity between his income and his expenditure have thrown/cast doubt on hismoral character.12.Hostile feelings are usually caused not so much by dislike as by wounded/hurtself-esteem/self-respect/ pride.13. A judge must be detached when weighing evidence.14. The Chinese anticipated the European in invention of gunpowder.Lesson 41)As the footsteps came near, she roused herself, picked a book from the shelf and pretended tobe reading.2)During the two-hour performance, the audience sat there entranced and thunderous applausebroke out when the curtain fell.3)At midnight the Japanese tourists stood in the hall of the ancient temple, listening to theringing of the bell reverberating through the valley.4)If you take a stroll along Nanjing Road after supper, you’ll see a myriad (of) dazzling lightswhich make Nanjing Road as bright as day.5)The next morning when she drew the curtain and opened the window, she found the fog hadblotted out the whole view——the mountain, the lake and everything.6)Owing to mismanagement and slack business the firm went bankrupt.7)Prostitution is a plague which should be eliminated right away.8)The pleasant conversation was drowned by the noisy firecrackers.9)She felt enraptured as she roamed amidst miles of green foliage in the hill.10)The sofa sank in under the constant weight of the occupant——a full 120kg.11)Manufacturers who overlook the quality of their products are bound to fail in competition.12)Since you disapprove (of) the project, why did you vote for it?13)As he has been exceedingly busy these days, his occasional absence from the regular meetingsis readily understood.14)If you see a cockroach/roach in your house, there must be at least five hundred of them, forthe roach multiplies very fast.1)More and more foreign businessmen have come to see that investment in China involves littlerisk.2)May I ask, if you were in my position, how would you deal with this formidable enemy?3)When she got home, Rose was stunned/startled/shocked at what she saw before her.Someone must have slipped in through the broken window. Then it occurred to her to do what was the most sensible thing under the circumstances——to call the police.4)The new inventions are bound to bring great profits to our enterprise.5)The shadow of terrorism looms larger and larger in some Western countries.6)The girl made strict demands on herself and worked very hard.7)You must not forget that sound judgment is supposed to be her forte/merit.8)His brother excels in watercolor rather than in oil painting.9)——Well, much effort has been made to rid the house of roaches but in vain.——You mustn’t/shouldn’t lose hope. Try again and again.10)Fred was not aware that his short hair and new clothes had given him away.11)In recent years some women, though not many, have distinguished themselves in thepolitical arena or/ and the financial world hitherto monopolized by men.12)I hope you will take into account the state of mind he was in under those circumstances andgive him another chance.13)Many students are thrown into a state of confusion and anxiety when they find the valuesgained in college are out of place in society at large.14)The mother said, “My son, listen to me. Quit gambling. If you don’t, it will involve youdeeply in debt and you’ll be ruined.15)I will introduce you to her but I warn you beforehand that she moves in very exclusive socialcircles.16)The book deals with the life and experiences of a self-made man.17)I was told he had been taken in. To put it bluntly, this man is a big fool.18)College students are much more concerned with job opportunities after their graduationnowadays than a few years ago.TEM8英汉短文翻译（2005年3月）既然书籍分门别类，有小说、传记、诗歌等，我们也应区别对待，从中汲取它们各自所能提供的——此话说起来再容易不过了。

《高级英语》课文逐句翻译（11）lesson11谈睡眠Lesson Eleven On Getting off to Sleep人真是充满矛盾啊！毫无疑问，幽默是惟一帮助我们摆脱矛盾的办法，要是没有它，我们就会死于烦恼。

What a bundle of contradictions is a man！Surety，humour is the saving grace of us，for without it we should die of vexation.在我看来，没有什么比睡眠更能说明事物间的矛盾。

With me，nothing illustrates the contrariness of things better than the matter of sleep.比如，我打算写一篇文章，面前放好了笔、墨和几张白纸，准保没写几个字我就会困得要命，无论当时是几点都会那样。

If，for example，my intention is to write an essay，and 1 have before me ink and pens and several sheets of virgin paper，you may depend upon it that before I have gone very far I feel an overpowering desire for sleep，no matter what time of the day it is.我瞪着那似乎在谴责我的白纸，直到眼前一片模糊，声音也难以辨清，只有靠意志力才能勉强坚持。

I stare at the reproachfully blank paper until sights and sounds become dim and confused，and it is only by an effort of will that I can continue at all.即使这时，我也会迷迷糊糊地像在做梦一样继续坚持工作。

On Self respectJoan Didion(1)Once in a dry season, I wrote in large letters across two pages of a notebook that innocence ends when one is stripped of the delusion that one likes oneself. Although now, some years later, I marvel that a mind on the outs with itself should have nonetheless made painstaking record of its every tremor, I recall with embarrassing clarity the flavor of those particular ashes. It was a matter of misplaced self-respect.(2)I had not been elected to Phi Beta Kappa. This failure could scarcely have been more predictable or less ambiguous (I simply did not have the grades), but I was unnerved by it; I had somehow though myself a kind of academic Raskolnikov, curiously exempt from the cause-effect relationships which hampered others. Although even the humorless nineteen-year old that I was must have recognized that the situation lacked real tragic stature, the day that I did not make Phi Beta Kappa nonetheless marked the end of something, and innocence may well be the word for it. I lost the conviction that lights would always turn green for me; the pleasant certainty that those rather passive virtues which had won me approval as a child automatically guaranteed the not only Phi Beta Kappa keys, but happiness, honor, and the love of a good man; lost a certain touching faith in the totem power of good manners, clean hair, and proven competence on the Stanford-Binet scale. To such doubtful amulets had my self-respect been pinned, and I faced myself that day with the nonplused apprehensionof someone who has come across a vampire and has no crucifix at hand. (3)Although to be driven back upon oneself is an uneasy affair at best, rather like trying to cross a border with borrowed credential, it seems to me now the one condition necessary to the beginnings of real self-respect. Most of our platitudes notwithstanding, self-deception remains the most difficult deception. The tricks that work on others count for nothing in that very well-lit back alley where one keeps assignations with oneself: no winning smiles will do here, no prettily drawn lists of good intentions. One shuffles flashily but in vain through one’s marked cards -- the kindness done for the wrong reason, the apparent triumph which involved no real effort, the seemingly heroic act into which one had been shamed. The dismal fact is that self-respect has nothing to do with the approval of others –who are, after all, deceived easily enough; has nothing to do with reputation, which, as Rhett Butler told Scarlet O’Hara, is something people with courage can do without.(4)To do without self-respect, on the other hand, is to be an unwilling audience of one to an interminable documentary that details one’s failings, both real and imagined, with fresh footage spliced in for every screening. There’s the glass you broke in anger, there’s the hurt on X’s face; watch now, this next scene, the night Y came back from Houston, see how you muff this one. To live without self-respect is to lie awake some night, beyond the reach of warm milk, Phenobarbital, and the sleeping hand on the coverlet, counting up the sins of commission and omission, the trusts betrayed, the promises subtly broken, the gifts irrevocably wasted throughsloth or cowardice or carelessness. However long we postpone it, we eventually lie down alone in that notoriously uncomfortable bed, the one we make ourselves. Whether or not we sleep in it depends, of course, on whether or not we respect ourselves.(5)To protest that some fairly improbable people, some people who could not possibly respect themselves, seem to sleep easily enough is to miss the point entirely, as surely as those people miss it who think that self-respect has necessarily to do with not having safety pins in one’s underwear. There is a common superstition that “self-respect” is a kind of charm against snakes, something that keeps those who have it locked in some unlighted Eden, out of strange beds, ambivalent conversations, and trouble in general. It does not at all. It has nothing to do with the face of things, but concerns instead a separate peace, a private reconciliation. Although the careless, suicidal Julian English in Appointment in Samarra and the careless, incurably dishonest Jordan Baker in The Great Gatsby seem equally improbable candidates for self-respect, Jordan Baker had it, Julian English did not. With that genius for accommodation more often seen in women than in men, Jordan took her own measure, make her own peace, avoided threats to that peace: “I hate careless people,”she told Nick Carraway. “it takes two to make an accident.”(6)Like Jordan Baker, people with self-respect have the courage of their mistakes. They know the price of things. If they choose to commit adultery, they do not then go running, in an access of bad conscience, to receive absolution from the wronged parties; nor do they complain unduly of theunfairness, the undeserved embarrassment, of being named correspondent. In brief, people with self-respect exhibit a certain toughness, a kind of moral nerve; they display what was once called character, a quality which, although approved in the abstract, sometimes loses ground to other, more instantly negotiable virtues. The measure of its slipping prestige is that one tends to think of it only in connection with homely children and United States senators who have been defeated, preferably in the primary, for reelection. Nonetheless, character - the willingness to accept responsibility for one’s own life - is the source from which self-respect springs.(7)Self-respect is something that our grandparents, whether or not they had it, knew all about. They had instilled in them, young, a certain discipline, the sense that one lives by doing things one does not particularly want to do, by putting fears and doubts to one side, by weighing immediate comforts against the possibility of larger, even intangible, comforts. In a diary kept during the winter of 1846, an emigrating twelve-tear-old named Narcissa Cornwall noted coolly: “Father was busy reading and did not notice that the house was being filled with strange Indians until Mother spoke about it.”Even lacking any clue as to what Mother said, one can scarcely fail to be impressed by the entire incident: the father reading, the Indians filling in, the mother choosing the words that would not alarm, the child duly recording the event and noting further that those particular Indians were not, “fortunately for us,” hostile. Indians were simply part of the donnee.(8)In one guise or another, Indians always are. Again, it is a question ofrecognizing that anything worth having has its price. People who respect themselves are willing to accept the risk that the Indians will be hostile, that the venture will go bankrupt, that the liaison may not turn out to be one in which every day is a holiday because you’re married to me. They are willing to invest something of themselves; they may not play at all, but when they do play, they know the odds.(9)That kind of self-respect is a discipline, a habit of mind that can never be faked but can be developed, trained, coaxed forth. It was once suggested to me that, as an antidote to crying, I put my head in a paper bag. As it happens, there is a sound physiological reason, something to do with oxygen, for doing exactly that, but the psychological effect alone is incalculable: it is difficult in the extreme to continue fancying oneself Cathy in Wuthering Heights with one’s head in a Food Fair bag. There is a similar case for all the small disciplines, unimportant in themselves; imagine maintaining any kind of swoon, commiserative or carnal, in a cold shower.(10)But those small disciplines are valuable only insofar as they represent larger ones. To say that Waterloo was won on the playing fields of Eton is not to say that Napoleon might have been saved by a crash program in cricket; to give formal dinners in the rain forest would be pointless did not the candlelight flickering on the liana call forth deeper, stronger disciplines, values in stilled long before. It is a kind of ritual, helping us to remember who and what we are. In order to remember it, one must have known it.(11)To have that sense of one’s intrinsic worth which constitutesself-respect is potentially to have everything: the ability to discriminate, to love and to remain indifferent. To lack it is to be locked within oneself, paradoxically incapable of either love or indifference. If we do not respect ourselves, we are on the one hand forced to despise those who have so few resources as to consort with us, so little perception as to remain blind to our fatal weaknesses. On the other hand, we are peculiarly in thrall to everyone we see, curiously determined to live out-since our self-image is untenable –their false notions of us. We flatter ourselves by thinking this compulsion to please others an attractive trait: a gist for imaginative empathy, evidence of our willingness to give. Of course I will play Francesca to you Paolo, Helen Keller to anyone’s Annie Sullivan: no expectation is too misplaced, no role too ludicrous. At the mercy of those we cannot but hold in contempt, we play roles doomed to failure before they are begun, each defeat generating fresh despair at the urgency of divining and meeting the next demand made upon us.(12)It is the phenomenon sometimes called “alienation from self.” In its advanced stages, we no longer answer the telephone, because someone might want something; that we could say no without drowning in self-reproach is an idea alien to this game. Every encounter demands too much, tears the nerves, drains the will, and specter of something as small as an unanswered letter arouses such disproportionate guilt that answering it becomes out of the question. To assign unanswered letters their proper weight, to free us from the expectations of others, to give us back to ourselves – there lies the great, the singular power of self-respect. Without it, one eventually discovers the final turn of the screw: one runs away to find oneself, and finds no one at home.。

Unit1在我成长的房子里有一间屋子，我们把它称作图书馆。

当然，那不是真正的图书馆，它仅仅是由电视机占据了主要位置的一间书斋。

但是它四面墙上全部装修了嵌入式书架，上面摆了数百本书籍——那些精装本的书籍呈现着各种颜色，它们在那间屋里把我们团团围住。

这些书是我父母和祖父母花了毕生精力收集起来的，它们成为我童年的一部分。

我们这一代人——即20世纪50年代和60年代的人——可能是了解这种心情的最后一代人了，那种被上百万文字环绕着的感觉；那些文字是历代知名的和默默无闻的作家们的作品。

当前，在20世纪70年代中期，我们正目睹一个不易察觉却毫无疑问存在的慢慢背离书籍这类事物的倾向。

恐怕美国的家庭很快就不会再留出房间做图书馆了。

精装的图书——那思想永驻的象征，那从一个时代向下一时代传留的智慧——可能会添加到我们即将灭绝的物种名单上去。

Unit 2 The foreign students at New York University come from more than 130 countries. Fifty percent are from Asia, especially South Korea, Japan and China. Foreign students are studying in all fourteen schools within the university. These include arts and sciences, law, business and education .Seventy-five percent of the foreign students are in graduate school. About twenty-five percent are in four-year programs that lead to a bachelor’s degree.The cost of attending New York University is different in each of its schools. For example, one year of study at the Wagner Graduate School of Public Service costs about $19,000. Some other schools within NYU cost more. Some cost less. The housing cost is about $9,000 a year.Bachelor’s degree students at NYU can borrow money from financial institutions to help pay for their studies. Foreign students in graduate school at NYU can get teaching or research jobs at the university. They can also get loans from financial institutions.Unit3.十五年前，计算机专家们扩展了因特网系统。

现代大学英语精读6（1-10课）课文翻译现代大学英语精读6课文翻译1如何使我们不为穷人的存在而内疚约翰·肯尼斯·高伯瑞(加尔布雷斯)1. 我很愿意严肃地考虑一种人类最古老的活动，这项活动持续了多年，实际上已经超过了几个世纪，那就是尝试怎样使我们不为穷人的存在而内疚。

2. 贫穷和富有从一开始就共生在一起，彼此很不愉快有时还充满危险。

普鲁塔克曾说，“贫富失衡乃共和政体最致命的宿疾。

”富有和贫穷持续共存产生的问题，特别是如何证明在其他人还贫穷时我们富有是有道理的这一问题，成为有思想有学问的人几百年来孜孜不倦地思考探索的问题。

直至当代状况依然如此。

3. 《圣经》提出了最初的解决之道，在现世遭受贫穷的人来世会得到更好的回报。

他们的贫穷是暂时的灾难，如果贫穷但却能顺从，他们将来就会成为世界的主人。

在某种程度上这就是最理想的解决办法。

由此，富人就可以一边嫉妒穷人的美好前途一边享受他们的财富。

4. 很长时间之后，即在1776年《国富论》发表的二三十年之后——在英国工业革命开始之后，贫富不均的问题及其解决办法开始具有了现代的形式。

杰罗米·边沁，这位与亚当·斯密几乎是同时代的人，提出了这样一种准则，在某种程度上，美国人认为这一准则在英国几乎50年来一直影响显著。

这就是实用主义学说。

“通过实用的原则，”边沁在1789年指出，“也就是通过这一原则来赞成或否定任何一种应运而生的看来似乎必定会增加或减少政党幸福的行为或做法，尽管政党的利益总是在讨论之中。

”实用，实际上一定是以自我为中心的。

然而，社会中只有少数人拥有大量财富，却有更多人没有财富。

只要遵循边沁的话——“最大的利益给最多的人”，就能够解决社会问题。

社会尽力满足更多的人，人们接受对于很多利益没被满足的人来说，结果极其不幸。

5. 在19世纪30年代，一种新的准则成为使我们不为穷人的存在感到内疚的有效办法，迄今为止它的影响也丝毫没有减弱。

Lesso‎n 1 摇滚歌星1972年‎6月的一天‎，芝加哥圆形‎剧场挤满了‎大汗淋漓、疯狂摇摆的‎人们。

滚石摇滚乐‎队的迈克•贾格尔正在‎台上演唱“午夜漫步人‎”。

演唱结束时‎评论家唐•赫克曼在现‎场。

他描述道：“贾格尔抓起‎一个半加仑‎的水罐沿舞‎台前沿边跑‎边把里面的‎水洒向前几‎排汗流浃背‎的听众。

听众们蜂拥‎般跟随着他‎跑，急切地希望‎能沾上几滴‎洗礼的圣水‎。

1973年‎12月下旬‎的一天，约1.4万名歌迷‎在华盛顿市‎外的首都中‎心剧场尖叫‎着，乱哄哄地拥‎向台前。

美国的恐怖‎歌星艾利丝‎•库珀的表演‎正接近尾声‎。

他表演的最‎后一幕是假‎装在断头台‎上结束自己‎的生命。

他的“头”落入一个草‎篮中。

“哎呀！”一个黑衣女‎孩子惊呼道‎：“啊!真是了不起‎，不是吗？”。

当时，14岁的迈‎克珀力也在‎场，但他的父母‎不在那里。

“他们觉得他‎恶心，恶心，恶心，”迈克说，“他们对我说‎，你怎么受得‎了那些？”1974年‎1月下旬的‎一天，在纽约州尤‎宁谷城拿骚‎体育场内，鲍勃•狄伦和“乐队”乐队正在为‎音乐会上要‎用的乐器调‎音。

馆外，摇滚歌迷克‎利斯•辛格在大雨‎中等待着入‎场。

“这是朝圣，”克利斯说，“我应该跪着‎爬进去。

”‎对于这一切‎好评及个人‎崇拜，你怎么看？当米克•贾格尔的崇‎拜者们把他‎视为上帝的‎最高代表或‎是一个神时‎，你是赞成还‎是反对？你也和克利‎斯•辛格一样对‎鲍勃•狄伦怀有几‎乎是宗教般‎的崇敬吗？你认为他或‎狄伦是步入‎歧途吗？你也认为艾‎利丝•库珀令人恶‎心而拒不接‎受吗？难道你会莫‎名其妙地被‎这个奇怪的‎小丑吸引，原因就在于‎他表达出你‎最狂热的幻‎想？这些并不是‎闲谈。

有些社会学‎家认为对这‎些问题的回‎答可以充分‎说明你在想‎些什么以及‎社会在想些‎什么——也就是说，有关你和社‎会的态度。

社会学家欧‎文•霍洛威茨说‎：“音乐表现其‎时代。

”‎霍洛威茨把‎摇滚乐的舞‎台视为某种‎辩论的论坛‎，一个各种思‎想交锋的场‎所。

岁月不待人尽管本文标题叫怎样变老，这篇文章实际上是关于如何防止衰老，在我生活的年代，这是个相当重要的话题。

我的第一个忠告便是仔细选对你的老祖宗。

虽然我的父母早亡，我却像我的其他老祖宗那样长命百岁。

我的外祖父，确实，在67岁的如花岁月里就夭折了，但我的外祖母和祖父母却都活到了耄耋之年。

至于远房老祖宗们，我只发现一个活得不长，因为他死于我们今天看来十分罕见的疾病，也就是斩首。

我的一个曾祖母，她也是吉本的朋友，活到了92岁，甚至在她临终前，她还掌控一切以致她的子孙们对她都怀有畏惧感。

我的外祖母，她经历了无数次流产并养育了九个孩子，另外一个在婴儿时已夭折，当她一旦成为寡妇后，便投身于女性的高等教育事业。

她是剑桥女子学院的创建者之一，是她的努力工作使得女性在日后能够从事医学职业。

她曾经这样描述她在意大利时遇到的一位忧郁老人。

她问老人为何郁郁寡欢，他答道，他刚与他的两个外孙离别。

“我的天啊！”她惊呼，“我有72个外孙，要是每次和他们离别都像你这样难过，我不要活了！”“冷酷无情的女人，”他回答。

不过作为72个外孙之一的我来说，我喜欢她的明智之举。

八十以后，她发现自己失眠了，所以她习惯性地总是每天从午夜至凌晨三点阅读大众科学。

我甚至相信，她根本就未意识到自己正在慢慢变老。

我想，这可能就是保持年轻的适当方法了。

如果你拥有能力所及的广泛兴趣活动并乐在其中，你就不会去想自己已经活了多少年，更不会去想日后生命的短暂。

至于健康，我倒没有什么有用的建议，因为我没生过什么病。

我什么喜欢就吃喝什么，困了就睡觉。

我不会因为某事对身体好而刻意地去做，尽管事实上，我喜欢做的大多数事情都是有益健康的。

从心理学上讲，老年人应警惕避免两种危险。

其一便是过度地沉溺于过去。

生活在过去的记忆中、生活在对往昔美好的哀叹中、或生活在朋友逝去的痛苦中都无济于事。

人的思想应该面向未来，面向一些未来要做的事上。

这并不容易，人对往昔的回忆会与日俱增。

人们很容易联想到过去他们的情感更加澎湃、过去的心智更加敏锐。

注意：均源自网络，仅供参考！学校中的性别歧视如果一个男孩在课堂上喊出来，他会得到老师的观注。

如果一个女孩在课堂上喊出来，她会被告之先举手再发言。

老师表扬男孩比女孩多，会给男孩更多的学业帮助，老师更能接受男孩在课堂讨论中评论。

这只是一些老师怎样偏爱男孩的例子。

通过这样的优势，男生就能增加更好的教育机会，可能得到高工资或者晋级快。

虽然许多人认为课堂歧视在70年代早期就消失了，但它并没有消失。

教育不是一种供人观看的体育运动。

许多研究者，最近的有加州大学洛杉矶分校前教育系系主任John Goodlad，也是“一个被称为学校的地方”的作者，他们表明，当学生参与课堂讨论时，他们对学校持有更积极的态度，这种积极的态度能增进学习。

女生在课堂上比较被动，在高考中比男生得分低，这决不是一种巧合。

大多数老师声称，女生参加课堂讨论和男生一样，也经常会被提问。

但刚刚完成的长达三年的研究发现，不是这样的，男生显然会控制整个课堂氛围。

当我们给老师、行政人员看了课堂讨论视频，问谁说得多时，老师们异口同声说女生说得多。

但事实上，在视频中，男生比女生说得多的比例是3：1。

在我们的研究中，实地研究者对4个州的小学4年级、6年级、初中2年级以及哥伦比亚特区等100多个班级的学生进行了观察。

老师和学生有男的、女的、黑人、白人、来自城市的、郊区的、农村社区的。

一半的课程是语言艺术和英语，这些课程传统上是女生占优势；另一半课程是数学和科学，这些传统上是男生的领域。

我们发现所有的年级、所有的社区、所有的学科中，都是男生控制住了课堂交流，他们比女生参与课堂互动多，随着时间的推移，他们参与的越来越多。

我们的研究否定了传统的假设，女生在阅读课上统治课堂讨论，而男生则是在数学课上。

我们发现不管是在语言艺术、英语还是数学、科学这些科目中，往往男生得到老师的观注要比女生多。

有些批评家声称，如果老师对男生说得多，这仅仅是因为男生在吸引老师注意力上更加自信，这是个经典的例子，吱嘎响的轮子就能被上油。

《What Life Means to Me》part 2接着，我就开始对知识疯狂地追求。

我回到加利福尼亚并开始看书。

在我把自己训练成一名脑力出售者的时候，我不可避免地要研究社会学。

在那特定的一类书中，我发现了系统阐述的一些简单的社会学概念，而这些我自己已经弄明白了。

我还未出生时，其他更加伟大的思想家们已经弄懂了我所思考的一切，并且懂得要多得多。

我发现自己是一名社会主义者。

社会主义者是革命家，因为他们努力推翻现有的社会，并用原料建立一个未来的社会。

我也是一名社会主义者和革命家。

我加入到了工人阶级和睿智的革命家的队伍中，并且第一次加入到知识分子中。

在这里我见到了许多机敏的英才和才华横溢的智者；因为在这里我见到了健壮、机警，而且满手硬茧的工人阶级成员，见到了在基督教教义上对任何拜金者聚会过于宽容、解除神职的传道士们，见到了由于反对大学对统治阶级卑躬屈膝而被车裂以及出言不逊的教授们，因为他们努力将自己熟悉的知识应用于人类事业。

在这里我还看到了对人性温暖的信任、炽热的理想主义、美妙的无私精神、放弃和牺牲——所有优秀、尖锐的精神品质。

这里的生命是干净、高尚和鲜活的。

在这里，生活恢复到原状，变得奇妙而又辉煌，而我为自己活着而感到快乐。

我和那些伟大的灵魂交流，他们把肉体和精神高举于金钱之上，对他们来说，饥饿的贫民窟儿童的微弱哭声比商业扩张和世界帝国的环境和辉煌更为重要。

我周围都是崇高的目标和英勇的事迹，我的日日夜夜都是阳光灿烂、星光闪烁，充满火焰和雨露，在我的眼前，都和圣杯合基督教自己的圣杯熊熊燃烧、光芒四射，热情的人类，长期以来受尽折磨和虐待，但最终一定能获救。

而我，贫穷愚蠢的我，认为这一切不过是我会在我之上的社会阶层中找到的快乐生活的一角。

从我在加利福尼亚的大农场上阅读那些廉价小说的那天起，我就失去了很多幻想。

我注定会失去更多我仍然保留的幻想。

作为一名脑力出售者，我是成功的。

社会向我打开了大门。

我刚进入社会的大厅，我的幻想就开始加速破灭。