第4章 碳酸饮料
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《饮料工艺学》中的专业术语第一章绪论饮料(beverage)软饮料(soft drinks)碳酸饮料类(carbonated drinks)果汁和蔬菜汁类(fruit and vegetables juices)蛋白饮料类(protein beverages)包装饮用水类(Packaging drinking water class)茶饮料类(tea beverages)咖啡饮料类(coffee beverages)植物饮料类(botanical beverages)风味饮料类(flavored beverages)特殊用途饮料类(beverages for special uses)固体饮料类(powdered beverages)其他饮料类(other beverages)第二章饮料用水及水处理饮料用水(beverage water)地表水(surface water)地下水(ground water)城市自来水(urban water supply)悬浮物质(suspended material)胶体物质(colloidal substance)溶解物质(dissolved substances)水的硬度(water hardness)总硬度(total hardness)碳酸盐硬度(carbonate hardness)非碳酸盐硬度(non-carbonate hardness)水的碱度(water alkalinity)总碱度(total alkalinity)氢氧化物碱度(hydroxide alkalinity)碳酸盐碱度(carbonate alkalinity)重碳酸盐碱度(Bicarbonate alkalinity)混凝(coagulation)过滤(filter)混凝剂(coagulant)助凝剂(coagulant aids)阻力截留(Resistance entrapment)重力沉降(gravity settling)接触凝聚(Contact condensed)冲洗(flush)滤料(filter material)级配(granular composition)孔隙率(poriness)砂滤棒(Sand filter rod)活性炭(activated carbon)超滤(ultra filtration)微滤(micro filtration)纳滤(nano-filtration)硬水(hard water)软化(soften)石灰软化法(Lime softening method)离子交换法(ion exchange method)离子交换树脂(ion exchange resin)阳离子交换树脂(cation exchange resin)阴离子交换树脂(anion exchange resin)强酸性阳离子交换树脂(strong-acid cation exchange resin)弱酸性阳离子交换树脂(weak-acid cation exchange resin)强碱性阴离子交换树脂(strong-base anion exchange resin)弱碱性阴离子交换树脂(weak-base anion exchange resin)交换容量(exchange capacity)全交换容量(complete exchange capacity)工作交换容量(operating exchange capacity)交换性能(Exchange capabilities)膨胀度(dilatation)交联度(degree of cross linking)颗粒度(granularity)机械强度(mechanical strength)固定床(stationary bed)复床(rehabilitation bed)混合床(mixed bed)双层床(stratified bed)双流床(Double flow bed)移动床(moving bed)流动床(fluid bed)反渗透(reverse osmosis)电渗析(electro dialysis)电法去离子(electro deionization)氯消毒(chlorine disinfection)紫外线消毒(ultraviolet disinfection)臭氧消毒(ozone disinfection)第三章饮料常用的辅料甜味剂(sweeteners)阿力甜(alitame)赤藓糖醇(erythritol)甘草(glycyrrhiza)甘草酸氨(monoammonium glycyrrhizinate)甘草酸氨及三钾(monopotassium and tripotassium glycyrrhizinate)罗汉果甜甘(luo-han-guo extract)麦芽糖醇(maltitol)木糖醇(xylitol)乳糖醇(lactitol)三梨糖醇液(sorbitol and sorbitol syrup)三氯蔗糖(trichlorosucrose)糖精钠(sodium saccharin)甜菊糖苷(stevioside)甜蜜素(sodium cyclamate)甜味素(Aspartame)异麦芽酮糖(Isomaltulose)酸度调节剂(acidity regulators)富马酸(fumaric acid)己二酸(adipic acid)酒石酸(tartaric acid)磷酸(phosphoric acid)柠檬酸(citric acid)柠檬酸钾(potassium citrate)柠檬酸三钠(trisodium citrate)柠檬酸钠(sodium dihydrogen citrate)苹果酸(malic acid)乳酸(lactic acid)碳酸氢钾(sodium cicarbonate)食品用香料(food flavoring agents)食品着色剂(colorant)茶黄色素(tea yellow pigment)茶绿色素(tea green pigment)赤藓红(erythrosine)赤藓红及其铝色淀(erythrosine aluminum lake)靛蓝(indigo blue)靛蓝及其铝色淀(indigo blue aluminum lake)蓝靛果红(uguisukagura red)多穗柯棕(tanoak brown)柑橘黄(orange yellow)黑豆红(black bean red))高粱红(sorghum red)黑加仑红(black currant red)红花黄(carthamus red)红米红(red rice red)红曲红(monascus red)红曲米(red kojic rice)花生衣红(peanut-skin red)β-胡萝卜素(β-carotene)姜黄(turmeric)姜黄素(curcumin)焦糖色(caramel color)金樱子棕(rosa laevigata michx brown)菊花黄浸膏(coreopsis yellow)可可壳色(cacao husk pigment)亮蓝(brilliant blue)亮蓝及其铝色淀(brilliant blue aluminum lake)萝卜红(radish red)落葵红(basella rubra red)玫瑰茄红(roselle red)蜜蒙黄(buddleia yellow)柠檬黄(tartrazine)葡萄皮红(grape-skin red)日落黄(sunset yellow)日落黄及其铝色淀(sunset yellow aluminum lake)桑葚红(mulberry red)酸枣色(jujube pigment)甜菜红(beet red)天然苋菜红(natural amaranth red)苋菜红(amaranth)苋菜红及其铝色淀(amaranth aluminum lake)橡子壳棕(acorn shell brown)胭脂红(ponceau 4R)胭脂红及其铝色淀(ponceau 4R aluminum lake)叶绿素铜钠(sodium copper chlorophyllin)叶绿素铜钾(potassium copper chlorophyllin)越橘红(cowberry red)藻蓝(spirulina blue )栀子黄(gardenia yellow)栀子蓝(cardenia blue)紫草红(gromwell red)紫胶红(lac dye red)防腐剂(preservatives)苯甲酸(benzoic acid)苯甲酸钠(sodium benzoate)对羟基苯甲酸丙酯及其钠盐(propyl p-hydroxy benzoate &sodium propyl p-hydroxy benzoate)对羟基苯甲酸甲酯钠(sodium ethyl p-hydroxy benzoate)对羟基苯甲酸乙酯(ethyl p-hydroxy benzoate)对羟基苯甲酸乙酯及其钠盐(sodium ethyl p-hydroxy benzoate)山梨酸(sorbic acid)山梨酸钾(potassium sorbate)抗氧化剂(antioxidants)异抗坏血酸(isoascorbate acid)异抗坏血酸及其钠盐(sodium isoascorbate)植酸(phytic acid)增稠剂(thickening agents)阿拉伯胶(arabic gum)淀粉磷酸酯钠(sodium starch phosphate)果胶(pectin)海藻酸丙二醇酯(propylene glycol alginate)海藻酸钾(potassium alginate)海藻酸钠(sodium alginate)黄原胶(xanthan gum)甲壳素(chitin)聚葡萄糖(polydextrose)卡拉胶(carrageenan)磷酸化二淀粉磷酸酯(phosphated distarch phosphate)罗望子多糖胶(tamarind polysaccharide gum)明胶(gelatin)琼脂(agar)羧甲基纤维素钠(sodium carboxymethyl cellulose)田箐胶(sesbania gum)酶制剂(enzyme preparations)果胶酶(pectinase)二氧化碳(carbon dioxide)乳化剂(emulsifier)单硬脂酸甘油酯(glycerol monostearate)改性大豆磷脂(modified soybean phospholipid)聚氧乙烯山梨醇酐单油酸酯(polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate )聚氧乙烯山梨醇酐单月桂酸酯(polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate)聚氧乙烯山梨醇酐单棕榈酸酯(polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate)酪蛋白酸钠(sodium caseinate)氢化松香甘油酯(glycerol ester of hydrogenated rosin)山梨醇酐单硬脂酸酯(sorbitan monostearate)山梨醇酐单油酸酯(sorbitan monooleate)山梨醇酐单月桂酸酯(sorbitan monolaurate)山梨醇酐单棕榈酸酯(sorbitan monopalmitate)山梨醇酐三硬脂酸酯(sorbitan tristearate)辛、葵酸甘油酯(octyl and decyl glycerate))蔗糖脂肪酸酯(sucrose esters of fatty acids)酪蛋白肽钙(casein calcium peptide)磷酸三钙(tri-calcium phosphate)氯化钾(potassium chloride)硫酸锌(zinc sulfate)氯化钙(calcium chloride)第四章碳酸饮料碳酸饮料(carbonated beverage)果汁型碳酸饮料(carbonated beverage of juice containing type)果味型碳酸饮料(carbonated beverage of fruit flavored type)可乐型碳酸饮料(carbonated beverage of cola type)其他型碳酸饮料(carbonated beverage of others type)汽水主剂(soda main agent)调和糖浆(Harmonic syrup)色素(pigment)均质(homogeneity)碳酸化作用(Carbonation)亨利定律(henry’s law)道尔顿定律(Dalton law)溶解度(solubility)饱和(saturation)饱和溶液(saturated solution)不饱和溶液(unsaturated solution)脱氧排气(Deoxidizing exhaust)真空脱氧(vacuum deaeration)CO2脱氧(CO2 deoxidizing)CIP(cleaning in place)杂质(impurity)灌装系统(filling system)灌浆机(grouting machine)配比器(Matching apparatus)灌装机(filling machine)封盖机(cap-tightener)浑浊沉淀(turbidity and sedimentation)变色(discoloration)变味(off-odor)第五章果蔬汁饮料果汁和蔬菜汁(fruit and vegetable juices)浓缩果汁(concentrated fruit juices)浓缩蔬菜汁(concentrated vegetable juices)果汁饮料(fruit juice beverage)蔬菜汁饮料(vegetable juice beverage)果蔬汁饮料浓浆(concentrated fruit and vegetable juice beverage)复合果蔬汁饮料(blended fruit and vegetable juice beverage)果肉饮料(nectar)水果饮料(fruit beverage)发酵型果蔬汁饮料(fermented fruit and vegetable juice beverage)其他果汁饮料(other fruit juice beverages)澄清汁(clear juice)混浊汁(cloudy juice)浓缩汁(concentrated juice)果汁粉(juice powder)破碎(fragmentation)热处理(heat treatment)酶处理(enzyme treatment)粗虑(coarse fear)澄清(defecation)自然澄清法(Natural clarification method)酶澄清法(enzyme clarification method)澄清剂法(clarifying agent method)冷热处理澄清法(Hot and cold processing clarification method)超滤澄清法(Ultra filtration clarification method)精滤(refined filtration)均质(homogeneity)脱气(degassing)脱油(deoiling)浓缩比(concentration factor)真空浓缩法(Vacuum concentration method)冷冻浓缩法(Freeze concentration method)反渗透浓缩法(Reverse osmosis concentration method)超滤浓缩法(ultra filtration concentration method)调配(mix)杀菌(sterilization)加热杀菌(pasteurization)巴氏杀菌(pasteurization)高温短时杀菌(high temperature short time sterilizing)超高温杀菌(ultra-high temperature sterilizing)纸包装(paper packing)塑料瓶(plastic bottle)玻璃瓶(glass bottle)金属罐(metal can)热灌装(hot-filling)冷灌装(cold-filling)无菌灌装(aseptic filling)后浑浊(after-haze)酶促褐变(enzymatic browning)非酶褐变(non-enzymatic browning)掺假(adulteration)非还原果汁(not from concentrate)高压加工(high pressure process)间歇式高压加工(batch high pressure processing)连续式高压加工(continuous high pressure processing)紫外杀菌(Ultraviolet germicidal irradiation)遮蔽效应(shadowing effect)湍流(turbulent flow)脉冲电场技术(pulsed electric field)电崩解(electric breakdown)电穿孔(electroporation)膜除菌(Membrane degerming)中温灌装技术(Medium temperature filling technology)第六章含乳饮料含乳饮料(milk beverage)配制型含乳饮料(formulated milk beverage)发酵型含乳饮料(fermented milk beverage)乳酸菌饮料(lactic acid bacteria beverage)咖啡乳饮料(coffee milk beverage)果汁乳饮料(fruit juice milk beverage)可可乳饮料(cocoa milk beverage)酸乳(yoghurt)凝固型酸乳(set yoghurt)搅拌型酸乳(stirred yoghurt)浓缩型乳酸菌饮料(Enrichment type lactic acid bacteria beverage)稀释型乳酸菌饮料(dilution type lactic acid bacteria beverage)非活性乳酸菌饮料(Inactive lactobacillus beverage)第七章植物蛋白饮料植物蛋白饮料(plant protein beverage)豆乳类饮料(soybean milky drinks)椰子乳饮料(coconut milk beverage)杏仁乳饮料(Almond milk beverage)其他植物蛋白饮料(other vegetable protein drinks)蛋白质(protein)氨基酸(amino acid)脂肪(fat)脂肪氧化酶(lipoxygenase)脲酶(urease)胰蛋白酶抑制因子(pepsin inhibitors)凝血素(prothrombin)豆皂苷(Bean saponins)基因工程技术(technique for gene engineering)发酵酸豆乳(Fermentation acid soymilk)花生蛋白饮料(peanut protein beverage)第八章包装饮用水包装饮用水(packaged drinking water)天然矿泉水(natural mineral water)充气(aeration)饮用纯净水(drinking purified water)第九章茶饮料茶饮料(tea beverages)儿茶素(catechins)黄酮醇类(flavonols)花青素(leucoanthocyanins)酚酸(phenolic acids)纯茶饮料(tea beverage)茶浓缩液(concentrated tea beverage)调味茶饮料(flavored tea beverage)果汁茶饮料(tea with fruit juice beverage)果味茶饮料(fruit flavored tea beverage)奶茶饮料(milk tea beverage)奶味茶饮料(milk taste tea drinks)碳酸茶饮料(carbonated tea beverage)其他调味茶饮料(other flavored tea beverage)复合茶饮料(blended tea beverage)茶叶碳酸饮料(carbonated drinks tea)灌装茶水(Filling tea)乌龙茶(oolong tea)红茶(black tea)绿茶(green tea)茶叶保健饮料(Tea health drink)茶叶调味饮料(tea flavor drinks)速溶茶(instant tea)速溶红茶(instant black tea)速溶绿茶(instant green tea)速溶花茶(instant flower tea)调味速溶茶(seasoning instant tea)净化(purification)浓缩(concentration)干燥(drying)茶可乐(tea-cola)荞麦茶-乌龙茶混合饮料(Buckwheat tea-oolong tea mixed drinks)茶藻饮料(Tea algae beverage)茶乳晶(Tea milk crystal)第十章咖啡及可可饮料咖啡(coffee)咖啡豆(coffee bean)咖啡因(caffeine)咖啡粉(coffee powder)速溶咖啡(instant coffee)咖啡复合饮料(Coffee compound beverage)咖啡茶(coffee)椰奶咖啡(coconut milk coffee)可可脂(cocoa butter)可可碱(theobromine)单宁(tannin)可可豆(cocoa beans)可可果汁饮料(cocoa juice beverage)第十一章植物饮料植物饮料(botanical beverages)食用菌饮料(edible fungi beverage)藻类饮料(algae beverage)可可饮料(cocoa beverage)谷物饮料(cereal beverage)其他植物饮料(other botanical beverage)灰树花保健饮料(HuiShuHua health drink)脱腥(deodorization)离心分离(centrifugal separation)均质(homogeneity)脱气(degasification)螺旋藻营养饮料(Spirulina nutrition beverage)糊化(gelatinization)酶解(enzymolysis)接种(inoculation)发酵(fermentation)第十二章风味饮料风味饮料(flavor drinks)果味饮料(fruit flavored drinks)乳味饮料(milk flavored beverage)茶味饮料(tea flavored beverage)咖啡味饮料(coffee flavored beverage)其他风味饮料(other flavored beverages)天然风味物质(Natural flavor substances)人工合成风味物质(Synthetic flavor substances)荔枝干风味饮料(Litchi dry flavor drink)果味荷叶汁清凉饮料(fruity lotus leaf juice cool and refreshing drink)酸性风味乳饮料(acid flavor milk beverage)铁观音茶饮料(Tieguanyin tea drinks)茶味乳酸菌饮料(Tea flavor to lactic acid bacteria beverage)烤玉米风味饮料(Grilled corn flavor drink)微细藻发酵风味饮料(Micro algae fermentation flavor drink)野菊花风味饮料(Wild chrysanthemum flower flavor drink)第十三章特殊用途饮料特殊用途饮料(beverages for special uses)运动饮料(sports beverage)电解质饮料(Electrolyte drink)高能饮料(High-energy drink)婴幼儿饮料(infants and young children drinks)食物的特殊动力作用(special dynamic action)母乳化婴幼儿配方乳粉(Change baby formula milk powder)强化婴幼儿乳粉(strengthen the infant milk powder)离乳主食饮品(Staple food from milk drinks)婴幼儿辅助饮品(Baby auxiliary drinks)绿色包装(green package)低热量饮料(Low quantity of heat drink)第十四章固体饮料固体饮料(powdered beverages)果香型固体饮料(powdered beverage of fruit flavored type)香精(essence)麦芽糊精(maltodextrin)蛋白型固体饮料(powdered beverage of protein type)甜炼乳(condensed milk)乳油(missible oil)蛋黄粉(egg yolk powder)麦精(malt extract)柠檬酸(citric acid)小苏打(baking soda)维生素(vitamin)速溶豆乳粉(Instant soymilk powder)冰激凌粉(Ice cream powder)其他类型固体饮料(powdered beverage of other types)粉末果汁(powder juice)。
第四章碳酸饮料工艺・ppt第一节工艺流程第二节糖浆的制备和配合第三节碳酸化第四节装瓶生产线碳酸饮料:充有二氧化碳气体的饮料称为碳酸饮料。
通常称为汽水C果味型汽水果汁型汽水可乐型汽水其他型汽水第一节工艺流程一.工艺流程按照生产加工方法的不同,碳酸饮料的生产流程分为“一次灌装法”和“二次灌装法”。
1.二次灌装法又称现调法,这是碳酸饮料垠初的制造方法。
二次灌装法是将配好的调味糖浆.先灌入包装容器.再向包装容器中灌碳酸水密対的生产方法。
二次灌装法工艺流程二次灌装法特点:•工艺过程简单,便于学握•设备投资少.易于操作•二次灌装法适合产址小、含果汁或果肉虽较女、含气虽较少的饮料生产。
2. 一次灌装法又称预调法,抬将调味糖浆和碳酸水预先按一定比例配好后,一次灌入包装容器中密封的生产方法。
一次灌装法工艺流程一次灌装法特点:• L:艺过程复朵.但自动程度较岛•设备复朵,投资大•生产规模大,适合大型连续化工厂•一次灌装法适用于含气量大、产虽:痛的饮料的生产。
第二节糖浆的制备和配合1.糖浆的制备蔗糖是使用最广泛的甜味剂.通常是以无色糖浆的形式从制造商处购买,或饮料丄厂自行使用高纯度结晶糖制成C饮料厂的椭浆根据所含成分不同分为原糖浆.调味糖浆和原浆三种类型。
原糖浆是指将白砂糖加水溶解制成的商浓度的糖液。
调味椭浆又称调和糖浆.是抬除原糖浆以外,添加了酸味剂(柠檬酸)、防腐剂(苯甲酸钠)、果汁、色素.香精等配料制成的糖液。
P139原浆又称汽水主剂是抬将原糖浆以外的配料预先配合好的混合液。
目前,我国由主剂丄厂向灌装厂出售主剂的生产方式正在呈上升趋魁.生产得到了细化,保证r产品质量的稳定.实现了“集中生产.分散灌装”的良好格局。
(1)原糖浆的制备P139原糖浆的制备方法有冷溶法和热溶法两种。
冷溶法就是在室温下.把砂糖加入到冷水中不断搅拌以达到溶解目的的方法。
优质砂糖以及不需要长期贮存的饮料糖浆的制备可以采用这种方法。
热溶法又分为蒸汽加热溶解法和热水加热溶解法。
目录第一章设计计算书 21.1产品方案及制定 21.1.1碳酸饮料生产规格: 21.2工艺流程图 21.2.1 一次灌装工艺流程图 21.2.2 二次灌装工艺流程 31.3 物料衡算 41.3.1产品配方 41.3.2物料衡算 41.3.3包装 41.4设备选型及计算 51.4.1水处理设备 51.4.2 杀菌设备51.4.3 过滤设备61.4.4 冲、灌、封设备 61.4.5包装设备 6第二章设计图纸8第三章、设计说明书93.1碳酸饮料的定义及类型93.2碳酸饮料的现状93.3碳酸饮料的生产质量及标准 9 3.4碳酸饮料班产量的确定103.5饮料用水的水质要求和处理 10 3.5.1原糖浆的制备113.5.2糖浆的配合133.5.3 碳酸化143.5.4瓶的预处理153.5.5碳酸饮料的质量指标15第四章、结论17参考文献18第一章设计计算书1.1产品方案及制定产品方案:产品方案又称生产纲领,就是食品厂准备全年生产那些品种和各产品的数量、产期、生产班次等的计划安排。
在安排产品方案时,尽量做到“四个满足”和“五个平衡”。
四个满足:1、满足主要产品产量的要求;2、满足原料综合利用的要求;3、满足淡旺季平衡生产的要求;4、满足经济效益的要求。
五个平衡::1、产品产量与原料供应量的平衡;2、生产季节性与劳动力的平衡;3、生产班次的平衡;4、设备生产能力的平衡;5、水、电、汽负荷的平衡。
制定:一种原料生产多种规格的产品时,为便于机械化生产,应力求精简。
但是,为了尽可能的提高原料的利用率和使用价值,或为了满足消费者的需求,往往有必要将一种原料生产成几种规格的产品(即进行产品品种搭配)。
1.1.1碳酸饮料生产规格:1.2.1 一次灌装工艺流程图1.2.2 二次灌装工艺流程1.3 物料衡算1.3.1产品配方1、配料顺序:糖浆→苯甲酸钠→甜味剂→柠檬酸→果汁→乳化剂→香精→色素→定容剂所需量2、主要配方:水、CO2、香精、白砂糖、糖精、柠檬酸、甜蜜素、磷酸、焦糖色、苯甲酸钠。