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UNIT 6TEXTSan set out to improve efficiency at the shirt factory but, as we find out later in this unit, his plans turned out not quite as he had expected.Sam Adams, Industrial EngineerIf you ask my mother how I happened to become an industrial engineer, she'll tell you that I have always been one.She means that I have always wanted everything to be well organized and neat. When I was still in elementary school, I liked to keep my socks in the upper left-hand drawer of my bureau, my underwear in the upper right drawer, shirts in the middle drawer, and pants, neatly folded, in the bottom drawer.In fact, I was the efficiency expert for the whole family. I used to organize my father's tools, my mother's kitchen utensils, my sister's boyfriends.I needed to be efficient. I wanted to be well organized. For me, there was a place for everything and everything was always in its place. These qualities gave me a good foundation for a career in industrial engineering.Unfortunately, I was also a bit bossy and I wasn't a very good listener. You'll see what I mean when I tell you about the first project I ever did after I finished my bachelor's degree at the university.After graduation I returned home to my small town in Indiana. I didn't have a job yet. Mr. Hobbs, a friend of my father's, owned a small shirt factory in town. Within the past five years it had grown from twenty to eighty workers. Mr. Hobbs was worried that his plant was getting too big and inefficient, so he asked me to come in on a short-term basis as a consultant.I went to the plant and spent about a week looking around and making notes. I was really amazed at what I saw.Most curious of all, there was no quality control whatsoever. No one inspected the final product of the factory. As a result some of the shirts that were put in boxes for shipment were missing one or two buttons, the collar, even a sleeve sometimes!The working conditions were poor. The tables where the workers sat were very high and uncomfortable. Except for a half hour at lunchtime, there were no breaks in the day to relieve the boring work. There was no music. The walls of the workrooms were a dull gray color. I was amazed that the workers hadn't gone on strike.Furthermore, the work flow was irregular. There was one especially absent-minded young man in the assembly line who sewed on buttons. After a while I recognized him as "Big Jim," who used to sit behind me in math class in high school. He was very slow and all the shifts were held up at his position. Workers beyond him in line on his shift had to wait with nothing to do; therefore, a great deal of time and efficiency were lost as Big Jim daydreamed while he worked. All week I wondered why he wasn't fired.After I made observations for a week, Mr. Hobbs asked me for an oral report of my findings.I covered my major points by telling him the following:"If you have a quality control inspection, you will greatly improve your finished product.""If the assembly line is redesigned, a smooth work flow can be achieved and time and energy can be saved.""If you decrease the height of the worktables, the machine operators will work more comfortably.""If the management provides pleasant background music and beautifies the dull setting, the factory will be much more productive.""If the workers have a fifteen-minute coffee break in the morning and afternoon, they will be more efficient.""If excellent work results in frequent pay increases or promotions, the workers will have greater incentive to produce."Mr. Hobbs thanked me for this report and told me he would talk over my suggestions with his brother, the co-owner and manager of the factory. "We're interested in progress here," he said. "We want to keep up with the times."He also gave me a check for $ 100 and a box of shirts with his compliments.NEW WORDSefficiencyn. the state or quality of being efficient 效率industriala. of industry 工业的neata. orderly and clean 整洁的elementarya. of or for beginners 初等的，初级的sockn. 短袜drawern. 抽屉bureaun. a chest of drawers for bedroom use 衣柜underwearn. 内衣pantsn. trousersexpertn. a person with special knowledge or skill 专家，能手kitchenn. room used for cooking厨房utensiln. any tool or container used in the house, esp. for cooking用具，器皿qualityn. the degree of goodness which a thing or a person possesses质量；品质foundationn. 基础careern. profession; way of making a living职业；生涯engineeringn. 工程学；管理unfortunatelyad. 不幸的是；遗憾的是bossya. always telling other people what to do and how to do it, like a boss 爱指挥人的；专横的projectn. a piece of work; a big plan项目；方案bachelorn. a person who had the first university degree学士graduationn. completion of an educational course毕业graduatevi.short-terma. involving or lasting a short period of time 短期的basisn. 基础；根据consultantn. a person who gives professional or technical advice 顾问consultv.amazevt. fill with great surprise or wonder 使大为惊讶，使惊愕curiousa. strange 奇怪的whatsoevera. of any kind, at all 任何的，丝毫的inspectvt. examine 检查shipmentn. the act of wending, carrying or delivering goods 装运。
Unit 6Part I New Wordssurgeon n. 外科医生The surgeon is now operating. 外科医生正在做手术。
surgical a. 外科的，外科手术的He performs surgical operations at the Red Cross Hospital. 他在红十字会医院做外科手术。
surgery n. 外科手术，外科（室）Your condition is serious and requires surgery. 你的情况很严重, 需要动外科手术。
I visited the doctor’s surgery. 我去了诊所。
dentist牙医/ physician内科医生/ psychologist心理学顾问/ doctor 医生self-confidence n. 自信；自信心She had an air of self-confidence that he admired. 她有一种令他钦佩的自信。
self-confident adj. 自信的Try to look self-confident at the interview. 面试的时候要摆出有自信的样子来。
confident a. 信心，自信心/ confidence n. 信任，信心, 自信We need a confident leader to overcome these difficulties. 我们需要一个有信心的领导者来克服这些困难。
We have full confidence that we shall succeed. 我们完全有把握取得成功。
The company needs the full confidence of its investors. 公司需要得到投资者的完全信任。
making n. 成功之道，成功因素It was only a small part on a TV show, but it was the making of her. 虽然这只是一个电视节目中的一个小角色，但卻使她成了名。
#### 一、课题《大学英语精读1》Unit6：Life of a Traveling Salesman#### 二、教学目标1. 知识目标：- 掌握本单元的生词、短语和句型。
- 理解文章主旨，提高阅读理解能力。
2. 能力目标：- 培养学生的批判性思维能力，提高口语表达能力。
- 培养学生通过阅读获取信息、分析问题和解决问题的能力。
3. 情感目标：- 引导学生关注旅行销售员的生活，培养学生尊重不同职业的精神。
- 增强学生的国际视野，培养学生的社会责任感。
#### 三、教学重点与难点1. 教学重点：- 理解文章主旨和段落大意。
- 掌握重点词汇和短语，如：traverse, itinerary, accommodation, commission, itinerary等。
2. 教学难点：- 理解文章中复杂的句子结构。
- 提高学生的批判性思维和口语表达能力。
#### 四、教学过程##### 第一课时Step 1：Lead-in（导入新课，10分钟）- 教师简要介绍旅行销售员这一职业，激发学生的学习兴趣。
- 学生分享自己或家人、朋友的旅行经历。
Step 2：Pre-reading（阅读前活动，15分钟）- 学生快速浏览文章标题和图片，预测文章内容。
- 教师提问：What do you think the article will be about? Why? Step 3：While-reading（阅读中活动，20分钟）- 学生细读文章，完成以下任务：- 阅读理解练习，如：填空、选择题、判断题等。
- 找出文章中的重点词汇和短语，并进行翻译。
- 分析文章的段落结构，总结段落大意。
Step 4：Post-reading（阅读后活动，15分钟）- 学生分组讨论以下问题：- What are the challenges faced by a traveling salesman? - How do they overcome these challenges?- What are the benefits and drawbacks of this job?- 学生代表发言，分享自己的观点。
Unit 6Preview1. Listen to the recording of the text and choose the statement that best reflects your understanding.1. D2. C3. A4. C5. DVocabulary1. Become familiar with the rules of word formation.1. Give the corresponding nouns for the following verbs.1. strain 7. realization 13. assurance2. teasing/tease 8. burial 14. astonishment3. dawn 9. scattering/scatter 15. expectation4. Death 10. grasp 16.insurance5. leak 11. appreciation 17. reflection6. inspection 12. flight 18. belief2. Give the corresponding verbs for the following nouns.1. stream 6. Accept2. state 7. encounter3. relate 8. Collect4. form 9. radiate5. recognize 10. identify3. Decide whether the missing letter is e, o or a.（注意：在不发音的e结尾的动词后面加er, or或ar时，应先删去该字母e；在以重读闭音节结尾的动词后面加er, or或ar时，如结尾只有一个辅音，则该辅音必须双写。
）1. reporter 10. supporter 19. composer2. professor 11. visitor 20. interpreter3．Editor 12.1iar 21.beggar4．Adviser 13. seller 22. sailor5．Robber 14. murderer 23. announcer6. actor 15.traveler 24. manager7. aggressor 16. scholar 25. invader8. beginner 17. author 26. creator9. passenger 18. successor 27. dealer4. Translate the following expressions, paying attention to the different use of the suffix “-ful”.1．令人羞愧的结果10.带着哭腔；声泪俱下地2．满满一碗米饭11.吃一大口3．色彩鲜艳的衣服12.一厢情愿的想法4．一个令人快乐的人13.有希望的形势5．满满一篮子的苹果14.一屋子的客人6．满满一盒巧克力15.一调羹油7．一小撮人16.一大捧书8．一条有帮助的建议17.痛苦的记忆9．一个有害的习惯18.活泼的性格5. Fill in the blanks with correct forms of the appropriate words listed below.1 acceptance2 occurrence3 astonishing, unrecognizable4 appreciative, expectations5 identical, identify, identifications2.Give corresponding synonyms and antonyms for the following words.3. Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the appropriate phrases and expressions listed below. Note that some of them may be used more than once.1. After all, regarded as2. regarded as / in a sense, consists of3. for ages, at once4. were astonished at, After all5. calls for, on their part/ in turn6. dawned on, in case, melt into7. reflect on, in relation to, calls for8. cut, in, on their part/ in turn, work out4. Fill in the blanks with the correct prepositions or adverbs.1 off/ out2 off3 out/through4 through5 to, through6 to7 with8 on9 to 10 with5.Translate the following sentences into English using the words and expressions listed below.1. 当我们到达目的地时，我们发现这块地上已经没有任何建筑，只有一些石头散落在地上。
现代大学英语精读1unit6课文翻译一个爱交际的女人 a sociable woman 黑市the black market 黑色幽默black humor 害群之马black sheep 黑人权利black power表达能力不强的人inarticulate people 全国性活动 a nationwide campaign 赞美的话complimentary remarks 淘气男孩 a mischievous boy一些有权力的人物certain powerful quarters 种族隔离的学校segregated schools 不可争议的权威indisputable authority 公海high sea 上流社会high society机密的消息confidential information 冷漠的门impersonal doors客观的信an impersonal letter 真诚的羡慕an unselfish envy紧张的声音 a strained voice度假别墅holiday villa 一个著名的电视名人 a famous television personality 刻薄下流语言obscene language 下流故事an obscene stor银行袭击 a bank raid 生产双层玻璃公司 a double-glazing company联合抵押joint mortgage 拌嘴 a cross word永现代大学英语精读4 UNIT1-UNIT6an unattainable goal 乡村和西部音乐country and western music加重了的潜水腰带 a weighted diving belt 心碎heart-broken以自我为中心的人a self-centered man 光是重量sheer weight光是运气sheer luck 一派胡言sheer nonsense军号声bulge call 人工呼吸kiss of life一串气泡atrail of bubbles 一点点关心one tiny scrap of care非理性因素non-rational factors 过去的好日子good old days思想模式thought patterns 陈旧的故事stock anecdotes思路brain path 鲜明的对比 a striking contrast强烈的满足感keen satisfaction 感情上的联想sentimental association 一场恶吵a bitter quarrel 酸葡萄sour grapes毫无根据的意见groundless opinions 社会地位social position重要而有说服力的因素 a potent factor 怀疑的余地room of doubt。
第三版大学英语精读第一册学生用书Unit1-6课文理解问题答案Unit 11.What does it take to learn English well?It takes great diligence and prolonged effort.2.How can you make the task of learning English easier?(1) Do not treat all new words in exactly the same way.(2) Watch out for idiomatic ways of saying things.(3) Listen to English every day.(4) Seize opportunities to speak.(5) Read widely.(6) Write regularly.3.What is the most effective route to enlarging your vocabulary?Concentrating on active and useful words.4.What is the second learning strategy suggested by author?Watch out for idiomatic ways of saying things.5.Why is it important to listen to English every day?Listening to English on a regular basis will not only improve your ear,but will also help you build your speaking skills.6.According to the author, what is the easiest way to practice speaking English? And why?To rehearse aloud, since this can be done at any time, in any place, and withouta partner.7.Why is it important to read widely?Because in our learning environment, reading is the main and most reliable source of language input.8.What kind of materials should you include in your widereading?Things that you find interesting, that you can understand without relying too much on a dictionary.9.Apart from your teacher's writing assignment, what other ways of writing does the author suggest?Keeping a pen pal, keeping a diary, writing a short story and summarizing the daily news.10.What is the author's conclusion at the end of the article?It pays to absorb as much as you can from reading and listening and then try to put what you have learned into practice through speaking and writing.Unit 21.What happened to Francis Chichester in 1931?He had tried to fly around the world but failed.2.How old was he when he started his voyage round the world?653.What was the name of his boat? What was the length of the boat?Gipsy Moth ; 16-meter-long.4.What route did Chichester follow in sailing round the world?The route of the great 19th Century clippers ships.5.How many miles did he cover on the first half of his voyage?14,1006.What did his friends in Sydney try to dissuade him from doing?To start the second past of voyage.7.In what way was the second half of his voyage the more dangerous part?Cape Horn.8.What happened to Chichester on the night of January 30?There was a gale.9.How did Chichester feel after sailing round Cape Horn?He had wakened from a nightmare.10.How was he received when he arrived back in England?A million people were waiting to welcome him , and he was knighted by Queen Elizabeth Ⅱ.11.What title is added to his name when a man become a knight?Sir.12.How many miles did he second half of the voyage cover?14,400Unit 31.What was the special occasion? How old was the old lady?Myra wrote letters to the old lady. 80.2.Did Myra and her husband often come to see the old lady?No. Seldom.3.What had happened to Enid?She died on the operating table.4.Whom did the old lady love more, Myra or Enid? Why?Enid. She is the real one who cares about the old lady.5.Why was the old lady proud of Myra?She succeeded in her work. And won a medal with her husband for their work for the aged.6.The old lady lived alone. But do you think she was very lonely? Why or why not? No, she had Mrs. Morrison and Johnnie to keep company with her.7.Who was Jim? Was he still alive?The old lady's husband. No.8.Who was Johnnie? How old was he? What do you think ofhim?The little boy lived nearby. Six. He is a lovely ,kind, warm-hearted boy.9.Why did the old lady tear the cheque into pieces?Myra thought money is important than love which hurt the old lady so much. 10.The story tells us that Myra had won a medal for her work with the old people.Do you think she deserved the medal? Do you think she really cared about old people? Why or why not?No. She even didn't care about her mother. She just did these for her benefits.Unit 41.How do many people in the United States spend their free time?Watching TV.2.How does the author feel about the amount of time his countrymen spend watching TV?He thinks they lose their imagination, and they fail to communicate with families and friends.3.What does the author purpose in relation to the television broadcasting in the United States?He purposed that right after the early evening news, all television broadcasting in US be prohibited by law.4.What might the results be if families used a quiet hour to discuss their problems? The family members can know each other better, and to like each other better.5.According to the author, what could help to turn out a more literate new generation?Reading books together.6.What does the author mean by "the story hour"? Whateffect might it have on the TV networks?Families gather around and listening to mothers or fathers read a good story ; It might force the TV networks to come up with better shows to get us back from our newly discovered activities.7.Sum up the advantages of turning off TV for an hour every night.A more literate generation would be set up ; We might get to know each other better and to like each other better ; Developing our imagination.8.What do you think of the author's proposal?I think the author's proposal is necessary. What we need nowadays is to communicate with our families , TV programs do disturb our generation. So I couldn't agree more with the author.9.Describe the television watching habits of the people around you---when they watch TV, what they watch, how much they watch, and so on.My father likes watching TV after dinner, and he always watch news report; My mother loves watching soap series from19:00 to 22:00 everyday ; I'd like to watch sports when there are matchesI am wondering.10.Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of watching TV.略。
现代大学英语精读1unit6课文翻译第六单元青香蕉1.尽管这种事情在任何地方都可能发生，但我与青香蕉的邂逅却源自于巴西腹地一条险峻的山路上。
我那老式吉普车正吃力地穿过景色优美的乡村，这时，水箱突然漏水了，而离我最近的汽车修理站也还要十英里。
发动机过热迫使我在临近的村庄停了下来。
村里有一个小商店和分布在四处的几座房子。
有村民围过来看，三股细细的热水柱从水箱外壳上的小孔喷出来。
“这容易解决，”一个人说到。
他让一个小男孩跑去拿些青香蕉来。
这个人还拍了拍我的肩膀，安慰我问题会解决的。
“青香蕉。
”他笑了，其余的人都这么说着。
2.我和他们闲聊起来，心里却一直在想他们用这青香蕉怎么能修补好水箱。
毫无疑问，提问会暴露我的无知，因此我开始赞叹眼前美丽的乡村景色。
耸立在我们周围巨大的岩石群，很像里约热内卢著名的糖面包山。
“看见那边那块高高的岩石了吗？”那人指着一块特别高而且细长的黑色石柱问我，“那块岩石标志着世界的中心。
”3.我看着他，想知道他是否在和我开玩笑，但他却表情严肃，反过来认真地审视着我，似乎想确定我是否领会了他那句话的深刻含义。
这种情况要求我必须表现出认同。
他点头说：“绝对是中心。
这儿的人都知道。
”4.这时，小男孩抱着青香蕉回来了。
那个男子把其中一根掰成两半，将其断口处按在水箱的外壳上。
香蕉遇到炙热的金属融成了胶，立刻就堵住了漏洞。
面对如此情景，我惊呆了，我当时的表情一定是傻傻的，所有的人都笑了起来。
他们把我的水箱装满水，又让我带上一些香蕉，以防沿途中水箱再出问题。
路上，我又用了一次青香蕉，一个小时后，我开着车到达了目的地。
当地的一修理工笑着问我：“谁教你用青香蕉的？”我告诉了他那个村子的名字。
“他们有没有指给你看标志世界中心的那块岩石?”他问道。
我告诉他，他们指给我看了。
“我祖父就是那儿的人，”他说，“那的确是中心。
一直以来这儿的人都知道。
”5.作为美国教育的产物，除了把青香蕉当作还没长熟的水果，我从来就没注意过它。
大学英语精读第三版(上海外语教育出版社董亚芬主编)第一册Book1 Unit6答案1) expert2) amaze3) quality control4) relieve5) assembly line6) fire7) major8) decrease9) management10) productive1) relieve2) decrease3) whatsoever4) career5) Unfortunately6) results in7) background8) As a result9) recognized10) hold up keep up with11) furthermore12) on a basis13) boring14) findings15）talk over16) productive1) are the basis for any good relationship between nations2) is the great efficiency of the public services3) was held up by a thick fog over the airport4) two major earthquakes in its history, one in 1906 and the other in 19895) the professor was often absent-minded in his personal life6) result in an employee's being fired1) impossible2) aware3) unfortunate4) literate5) unnecessary6) frequent7) impatient8) adequate9) unsealed10) finished11) unfair12) likely13) irregular14) direct1) management2) managed3) inspected4) inspection5) would consult6) consultation7) bore8) Bored9) assembled10) assembling1) especially/specially2) especially3) specially4) especially5) specially6) especially/specially1) They spent two whole months working on the design of the machine.2) The artist spends most of his spare time collecting butterfly specimens.3) The manager spent three hours talking to Sam yesterday morning.4) He spent the whole morning trying to solve the math problem.1) except2) except for3) except4) except for5) except6) except for1) His nephew didn't use to visit him at Christmas.Did his nephew use to visit him at Christmas?2) He didn't use to be as thin as she.Did he use to be as thin as she?3) She didn't use to burn the midnight oil.Did she use to burn the midnight oil?1) didn't they2) did't you3) wasn't there1) First of all/Most important of all2) Most curious of all3) Most important of all4) Worst of all1) efficiency2) Furthermore3) amazing4) observation5) foundation6) career7) reorganize8) assembly9) findings10) management11) suggestions12) productive13) background14) relieving15) holding up16) Unfortunately1)places/roles2)bored3)enjoy/like4)traveling/going5)hour6)the7)in8)telling/ordering9)didn’t10)until11)job12)mine13)take/accept14)stay15)at16)being17)understand18)so19)boring/dull20)work21)an22)until23)on24)right/correct25)so26)what27)problems1) took out2) searched3) assistant4) make a list5) correct6) articles7) lying8) satisfied9) pulled out10) Embarrassed翻译1) 据报道，那条铁路曾因洪水而停止修建。
外教社大学英语精读第1册第6单元参考答案Vocabulary41.expert2.amaze3.qulity control4.relieve5.assembly line6.fire7.major8.decrease9.management 10.productive51.relieve2.decrease3.whatsoever4.achieved5.dull6.results in7.backgroud 8.As a result 9.frequent 10.hold up, keep up with11.in (its) place 12.on a ... basis 13.boring/dull 14.missing61.Mutual trust and respect are the basis for any goodrelationship between nations.2.For many boys, it seems almost impossible to keep theirbedrooms neat.3.The take-off (departure) of our plane was help up by thick fog over the airport.4.The city has experienced two major earthquakes in its history, one in 1906 and the other in 1989.5.Though an outstanding scientist, the professor was oftenabsent-minded in his personal life.6.Failure to report to work on time will often result in an91.They spent two whole months working on the design of the machine.2.The artist spends most of his spare time collecting butterfly specimens.3.The manager spent three hours talking to Sam yesterday morning.4.He spent the whole morning trying to solve the math problem.101.except2.except for3.except4.except for5.except6.except for111.1)His nephew didn't use to visit him at Christmas.Did his nephew use to visit him at Christmas?2)He didn't use to be as thin as she.Did he use to be as thin as she?3)She didn't use to burn the midnight oil.Dis she use to burn the midnight oil?2. 1)didn't they 2)didn't you 3)wasn't there121.First of all2.Most curious of all3.Most important of all4.Worst of allCloze13(A)(1)basis (2)efficiency (3)neat (4)quality (5)inspect (6)productive (7)findings (8)flow (9)amazed (10)suggestions(11)management(B)(1)places/roles (2)bored (3)enjoy/like (4)traveling/going(5)hour (6)the (7)in (8)telling/ordering (9)didn't (10)until(11)job (12)mine (13)take/accept (14)stay (15)At (16)being(17)understand (18)so (19)boring/dull (20)work (21)an (22)until(23)on (24)right/correct (25)so (26)what (27)problemsTranslation141.It was reported that the building of the railway had been held up by a flood.2.The strike resulted in the management's accepting the workers' demands.3.The coalminers decided to go on strike for better workingconditions.4.I'd like very much to buy the English dictionary. UnfortunatelyI haven't go enough money on me.5.I'd like to talk over with you about the English translation ofthe article before sending it Mr. Hobbs.6.The foreign expert hopes to achieve all his aims in threeyears.7.What do you think a scientist must do in order to keep up withthe latest developments in his field?8.The author thinks that if excellent workers get frequent payincreases and promotions, they will have greater incentive toproduce.。
第三版大学英语精读第一册学生用书Unit1-6 课文理解问题答案 Unit 11. What does it take to learn English well?It takes great diligence and prolonged effort.2. How can you make the task of learning English easier?(1) Do not treat all new words in exactly the same way.(2) Watch out for idiomatic ways of saying things.(3) Listen to English every day.(4) Seize opportunities to speak.(5) Read widely.(6) Write regularly.3. What is the most effective route to enlarging your vocabulary?Concentrating on active and useful words.4. What is the second learning strategy suggested by author?Watch out for idiomatic ways of saying things.5. Why is it important to listen to English every day?Listening to English on a regular basis will not only improve your ear,but will also help you build your speaking skills.6. According to the author, what is the easiest way to practice speaking English? And why? To rehearse aloud, since this can be done at any time, in any place, and without a partner.7. Why is it important to read widely?Because in our learning environment, reading is the main and most reliable source of language input.8. What kind of materials should you include in your wide reading?Things that you find interesting, that you can understand without relying too much on a dictionary.9. Apart from your teacher's writing assignment, what other ways of writing does the author suggest?Keeping a pen pal, keeping a diary, writing a short story and summarizing the daily news.10. What is the author's conclusion at the end of the article?It pays to absorb as much as you can from reading and listening and then try to put what you have learned into practice through speaking and writing.Unit 21. What happened to Francis Chichester in 1931?He had tried to fly around the world but failed.2. How old was he when he started his voyage round the world?653. What was the name of his boat? What was the length of the boat?Gipsy Moth ; 16-meter-long.4. What route did Chichester follow in sailing round the world?The route of the great 19th Century clippers ships.感谢您的阅读，祝您生活愉快。
