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第三讲状语及状语从句[思维导图]Ⅰ.状语1．概念：修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，说明动作或状态特征的句子成分叫作状语。
2．功能：一般表示行为发生的时间、地点、目的、原因、条件、让步、方式、程度等意义。
3．充当状语的词：状语可由副词、介词短语、动词不定式、分词、状语从句等充当。
4．位置：(1)通常在句子基本结构后，强调时放在句首；(2)修饰形容词或副词时，通常位于被修饰词之前；(3)表示时间、地点、目的的状语一般位于句子两头，强调时放在句首，地点状语一般放在时间状语之前；(4)一些表示频度的副词(如often，almost等)作状语通常位于be动词、助动词、情态动词之后、实义动词之前。
He did his homework carefully.(副词作状语)他认真地做了作业。
She goes out to do some shopping on Sunday.(介词短语作状语)她星期天出去购物。
Feeling tired，he went to bed without supper.(非谓语动词作状语)他感到很累，没吃晚饭就上床睡觉了。
Ⅱ.状语从句一、时间状语从句1．when，while与as引导的时间状语从句Metals expand when they are heated.金属受热时膨胀。
While /When I was reading，he came in.我正在看书时，他进来了。
The students sang as they walked.学生们边走边唱。
2．before与since引导的时间状语从句(1)before与since的常用句式It will be half a year before I come back.我半年之后才回来。
It won’t be long before we meet again.用不了多久我们就会再见面。
It was three days before he came back.三天后他才回来。
状语从句1•状语概念：状语修饰动词、形容词、副词或全句，说明方式、因果、条件、时间、地点、让步、方向、程度、目的等。
2・可以作状语的成分：The boy really needs a pen.副词He is Walking On the street. 介词短语He SitS there, asking for a Pen・非谓语doingThe boy needs a Pen to do his homework・非谓语（o doWhen he Came in, his mother WaS COOking・从句3•状语从句概念：是指句子用作状语时，起副词作用的句子。
状语从句中的从句可以修饰谓语、非谓语动词、定语、状语或整个句子。
4 •状语从句的实质与分类用不同的魁将几个分句连接起来，表达分句之间特左的逻辑关系。
L j来,我们要想表达分句之间不同的逻辑关系,就要选择不同的连词。
看下而句子：I arrived home・It began to rain.看下而句子：He Will not go to the CinemaHe is VCry busy.分类：根拯不同的逻辑关系，我们把状语从句分为9种。
5 •状语从句分类讲解【时间状语从句精练】1 ・AS is reported. it is 100 years _______ QinghUa UniVerSity WaS founded.A. WhenB. beforeC. afterD. SinCe 2.He had no SOOner finished his SPeeCh ____________________ the StUdentS Started Cheeri ng.A. SinCeB. asC. WhenD. than3.One Friday, We Were PaCking to IeaVe for a Weekend away_my daughter heard CrieS for help ・A. afterB. WhileC. SinCeD. When4.Mar>r Inade COffeC ___________ her guests Were finishing their meal.A.so that B although C. While D. as if5.Jolm thinks it won't be IOng _________ he is ready for his new job.A. WhenB. afterC. beforeD. SinCe6.YOU can't borrow books the SChOOl Iibrary _ you get your StUdeIIt card.A.beforeB. ifC. WhiIeD. as7.Peter WaS SO excited __________________ he received invitation from his friendto ViSit ChOngqing・A. WhereB. thatC. WhyD. When& The field research Will take JOan and PaUl about five months; it Will be a IOng time We Ineet them again.A. afterB. beforeC. SinCeD. When【条件状语从句精练】1.1 won't CaIl you, ___________ S OmetlIing UneXPeCted happens.A. UnlCSSB. WhetherC. becauseD. While2._____ he had not hurt his leg, JOhn WOUld have WOn the race.A. IfB. SinCeC. ThOUghD. When3.You Will be SUCCeSSfUl in the inte∏f iew ____________ you have COnfidCnCe・A. beforeB. OnCeC. UntiID. though4.He had his Camera ready _he SaW SOmething that WOUld make a good PiCtUre ・A. even ifB. if OnlyC. in CaSeD. SO that5.My ParentS don't mind What JOb I do _______ I am happy・A. even thoughB. as s∞n asC. as IOng asD. as though 6ΛV7e 11 have a PiCniC m die Park tlιis Sllnday________________________________________ i t rains or it's Very cold.A. SinCeB. ifC. UnleSSD. Until7. _____________ ∙ou,ve tried it, you caιι't imagme how PleaSant It is.A. UnIeSSB. BeCaUSeC. AIthOUghD. When【让步状语从句精练】1. ______ this is Only a Small town, it,s CrOWdCd With tourists WhO COme here aIl year round.A. SinCeB. UnIeSSC. OnCeD. AIthOUgh2.AlIow Children the SPaCe to VOiCe their OPiniOnS _ they are CIifferent from your own.A. UIHilB. even ifC. UnICSSD. as though3.________ , CarOIina COUldn t get the door OPen.A. Try as She InightB. AS She might tryC. She might as tryD. Might She as tr y4._he has Iimited technical knowledge.the Old WOrker has a IOt Of experienceA. SinCeB. UnIeSSC. ASD. AIthOUgh5.______ the InternCt is Of great help, I doιft think it's a good idea to SPend toomuch time On it.A. IfB. WhileC. BeCaUSeD. AS6.Thcre WaS never any time for Kate to feci IOnely ______ She WaS an Only Child・A. ever SinCeB. now thatC. even thoughD. even as7.________ I really don't Iike art, I find his WOrk impressive・A. ASB. SinCe C・ If D・ While8.All people, _they are Old Or young, rich Or POO匚have been trying their best to help those in need SinCe the disaster.。
考研语法精讲第三讲状语从句请找出句子中的状语部分He will arrive here next week.In order to succeed, he insists reading the lecture notes once a day. Terry was late this morning because of the traffic congestion.He will not pay back your money if you do not cooperate. Johnson went to the theatre by foot.一、状语从句的分类1. 时间状语从句2. 地点状语从句3. 原因状语从句4. 条件状语从句5. 目的状语从句6. 结果状语从句7. 让步状语从句8. 比较状语从句9. 方式状语从句二．时间状语从句1.时间状语从句☆连接词例句As As the time went on, Einstein’s theory proved to becorrect.When Can you spare me 5 minutes when it’s convenien t? While While I stayed in France, I made many friends. After He changed his address after he left Beijing.before It may be many years before the situations improve.2. 时间状语从句☆ ☆3.时间状语从句☆ ☆ ☆连接词 例句No sooner than 一 …就…We hardly sat down to supper when the phone rang. Hardly had I got home when it began to rain. (倒装)(时态——hardly 后跟过去完成时， when 后跟一般过去时)the time we graduate from the university, She no sooner has said it than she burst into tears.No sooner has she said it than she burst into tears. (倒装)她一说起这件事，眼泪就哗哗的留下来。
语法之状语从句解析状语从句是英语语法中的重要部分，它能够在句子中充当状语，进一步详述动作、时间、原因、条件等信息。
在本文中，我们将对状语从句的定义、分类和用法进行详细解析。
状语从句是从属于主句的从句，通过引导词来与主句相连。
常见的引导词有连词如when、where、while、as、since、because等，以及关系代词如that、which、who等。
状语从句可以用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。
首先，让我们来看看状语从句按照功能可以分为时间状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、条件状语从句、结果状语从句和方式状语从句等几种类型。
时间状语从句用来描述一个动作或事件发生的时间。
例如：- I will call you when I finish my work.（我完成工作后会给你打电话。
）- He always reads books before he goes to bed.（他睡觉前总是看书。
）地点状语从句用来描述一个动作或事件发生的地点。
例如：- Please meet me where we had lunch yesterday.（请在我们昨天吃午饭的地方见我。
）- I saw him at the place where we first met.（我在我们第一次见面的地方看到了他。
）原因状语从句用来说明一个动作或事件发生的原因。
例如：- She couldn't come to the party because she was sick.（她因为生病不能来参加派对。
）- They decided to cancel the trip as it was raining heavily.（由于下大雨，他们决定取消行程。
）条件状语从句用来描述一个动作或事件发生的条件。
例如：- If it rains tomorrow, we will stay at home.（如果明天下雨，我们会呆在家里。
高考状语从句知识点状语从句是高考英语中的一个重要知识点，掌握好它对于我们在高考中取得好成绩可是相当关键哦！今天咱们就来好好聊聊状语从句。
先来说说啥是状语从句。
简单来讲，状语从句就是用一个句子来充当状语。
那啥是状语呢？就好比咱们跑步的时候，给你加油打气的那些话，告诉你跑快一点、跑慢一点、往这边跑、往那边跑，这些起辅助说明作用的就是状语。
而用一个句子来做这个辅助说明的工作，那就是状语从句啦。
状语从句的种类那可不少，有时间状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、条件状语从句、目的状语从句、结果状语从句、让步状语从句、比较状语从句和方式状语从句等等。
咱们先来说说时间状语从句。
比如说“When I was a child, I often played in the park” 这里的“When I was a child”就是一个时间状语从句，表示“当我还是个孩子的时候”。
再比如“While I was doing my homework, my mom was cooking dinner” 这里的“While I was doing my homework”表示“当我正在做作业的时候”。
记得我以前教过一个学生，叫小李。
有一次考试，他就因为时间状语从句丢了不少分。
那次考试有一道题是这样的：“＿_____ he came in, I was reading a book” 选项有“When、While、As”。
这小李啊，想都没想就选了“While”，结果就错啦。
后来我给他分析，这题应该选“When”，因为“While”强调的是动作的同时进行，而这里“came in”是一个短暂性动作，“reading a book”是一个持续性动作，所以要用“When”。
从那以后，小李可长记性了，每次遇到时间状语从句的题都会仔细分析。
接下来是地点状语从句。
像“Where there is a will, there is a way” 意思就是“有志者，事竟成”，这里的“Where there is a will”就是地点状语从句，表示“有意志的地方”。
状语从句一、状语从句概述状语从句是在句中起副词作用的主谓结构。
用来修饰主句中的动词、形容词、副词等。
引导状语从句的关联词是从属连词。
状语从句用陈述语序，一般位于复合句的句首或句末。
当从句在句首时，常用逗号和主句隔开。
状语从句根据其在句中的不同作用分别表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、让步、行为方式等，共九种。
(一)when, whenever, while和as引导的时间状语从句when表示的动作与主句的动作同时发生，或先于主句的动作。
When可指一段时间，也可指一点时间，既可以表示一时性的动作，又可表示持续的动作。
Whenever指的是任何一个不具体的时间。
while常用来引导两个同时进行的持续时间较长的动作或状态，不能表示一时性或短暂的动作。
as表示的动作与主句同时发生，具有延续的含义，一般同延续性动词连用。
while和as可译为“一边……一边”。
Whenever my mother or I need a permanent or trim we visited her dear Amalia Toland.As the day progressed, I considered ways to get out of whatever was going down at the Cullen House tonight.Whenever we met with difficulties, they came to help us.When I meet the right man, I will get married.As spring warms the good earth, all flowers begin to bloom.He entered the room when/ while/ as the meeting was going on.When/As he finished the speech, the audience burst into applause.Tom watched TV as he had supper.注意：When和while可用作并列连词，when含义为“突然、这时”；while含义为“而，但是”。
