状语从句的译法(TR)
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状语从句汉译英技巧1. 时间状语从句:-当……时:When we arrived, the party had already started.-一……就……:As soon as he heard the news, he rushed to the hospital.-在……之前:Before you go to bed, remember to turn off the lights.-在……之后:After he finished his homework, he went for a walk.2. 地点状语从句:-在……地方:Wherever you go, I will follow you.-到……地方:We will stay here until the rain stops.3. 原因状语从句:-因为:Because it was raining, we decided to stay indoors.-由于:Due to the bad weather, the flight was delayed.-既然:Since you are here, let's have dinner together.4. 条件状语从句:-如果:If you study hard, you will pass the exam.-假如:Suppose it rains tomorrow, what will you do?-只要:As long as you work hard, you will succeed.5. 方式状语从句:-以……方式:He explained the problem in a way that everyone could understand. -用……方法:She solved the puzzle by using logic and reasoning.。
状语从句如何翻译?状语从句如何翻译?引导语:状语从句内容丰富,涉及面广,可以用来表示时间、原因、条件、让步、目的、结果、等意义,那么状语从句如何翻译呢?下面就和店铺一起来看看方法吧。
一、时间状语从句在英语中,时间状语从句的连接词常常有:when(当...的时候),whenever(每当...),as(当...时),since(自从...),until(直到...,如果不....),till(直到...),before(在...前),after(在...后),as soon as(一...就),once(一旦...),the moment(一...就),immediately(一...就),the day(在...那天),no sooner... than(一...就),hardly(scarcely)... when(一...就),the instant(一...就),instantly(一...就),directly(一...就),the minute(一...就),the second(一...就),every time(每当...),by the time(等到....的时候)等。
翻译的时候,一般翻译在主句的前面。
(一)译成相应的时间状语While she spoke, the tears were running down.她说话时,泪水直流。
As he finished the speech, the audience burst into applause.他结束讲话的时候,听众掌声雷动。
(二)译成“一(刚、每)...就”的结构Directly he uttered these words there was a dead silence.他刚说出这些话,大家就沉默下来。
(三)译成条件句由于时间状语的引导词除了显示时间关系之外,有时候可以表示条件关系,所以还可以翻译为条件句。
Turn off the switch when anything goes wrong with the machine.如果机器发生故障,就把电门关上。
英译汉翻译技巧9状语从句的翻译状语从句的翻译英语中状语从句用得比较多,位置也比较灵活。
根据汉语的特点,汉译时位置往往这样处理:比较和结果状语从句放在主句后面;方式状语从句可前可后;其他状语从句(时间、条件、原因、目的、结果或让步等)一般放在主句之前。
时间状语从句一、译成相应的时间分句1) From her second floor window she could see the postman when he came.邮差来时,她从三楼的窗口望出去就可以看见。
2) After what had happened he could not continue to work there.事情发生后,他无法在那里继续工作下去了。
二、译成并列分句1) She sobbed as she told us her miserable past.她一边向我们叙述她悲惨的过去,一边啜泣着。
2) While there is life,there is hope.留得青山在,不怕没柴烧。
三、译成“刚(一)·····就······”的句型1)Stormy applause broke forth the moment she appeared on the stage.她在台上一出现就响起了暴风雨般的掌声。
2)Scarcely had we gathered in the grain when it began to rain.我们刚把粮食收进来,就下雨了。
四、由until/till引导的从句译法1) I don't like meeting people until I have this dental work done.在我牙齿修补好之前,我不想会客。
分析:主句否定时,把until 当作 before来译。
状语从句的特点及翻译方法状语从句是具有特殊功能的从句类型。
一般来说,它的主要作用是对句子中的动词或整个句子进行修饰和限定。
要理解状语从句的特点和翻译方法,首先需要了解它的语法结构和语义功能。
一、状语从句的语法结构状语从句是从属分句,要依附于主句。
因此,它有自己的主语和谓语,但是它的谓语动词必须采用从句形式,而不能是单独的动词。
状语从句通常由连词引导,如when, if, because, although, since等等。
例如:1) When I was young, I used to play football every afternoon.2) If it rains tomorrow, we will stay at home.3) Because she was ill yesterday, she didn't go to work.4) Although he is very busy, he always finds time to read books.5) Since you are here, let's have a cup of tea together.二、状语从句的语义功能状语从句起到修饰和限定主句动词或整个句子的作用,它可以表示时间、条件、原因、方式、目的、让步等等不同的语义关系。
例如:1)时间状语从句:When you finish your homework, you can watch TV.(当你完成家庭作业之后,你就可以看电视了。
)2)条件状语从句:If it's sunny tomorrow, we'll go for a picnic. (如果明天天气晴朗,我们就去野餐。
)3)原因状语从句:Because she is busy preparing for the exam, she cannot go to the party.(因为她忙于考试准备,所以不能去参加聚会。
状语从句的译法状语从句的译法英语状语从句包括表示时间、原因、条件、让步、目的等等各种从句。
我们已经谈到英语状语从句的一些译法。
现在就一些比较常见的处理办法再进一步说明如下:一、表时间的状语从句1.译成相应的表示时间的状语1) While she spoke, the tears were running down.她说话时,眼泪直流。
2) When the history of the Nixon Administration is finally written, the chances are that Chinese policy will stand out as a model of common sense and good diplomacy.当最后撰写尼克松政府的历史时,谈到对华政策可能成为懂得常识和处理外交的楷模。
以上两例译文中表示时间的状语置于句首,与原文一致。
3) Please turn off the light when you leave the room.离屋时请关电灯。
上句原文中表示时间的从句后置,译文中前置。
2.译成“刚(一)……就……”的句式1) He had hardly rushed into the room when he shouted, “Fire! Fire!”他刚跑进屋就大声喊:“着火了!着火了!”2) Hardly had we arrived when it began to rain.我们刚一到就下雨了。
3) When I reached the beach, I collapsed.我一游到海滩,就昏倒了。
4) He had scarcely handed me the letter when he asked me to read it.他把信一交给我,就叫我念给他听。
3.译成并列的分句1) He shouted as he ran.他一边跑,一边喊。