中考英语首字母填空解题技巧讲解

中考英语首字母填空解题技巧讲解

中考英语首字母填空解题技巧讲解

学法指导

1. 总述

首字母填空既考查学生对语法、词汇、句型、搭配等基础知识的综合运用能力，也考查了学生对文章的阅读理解能力。其中，着重考查学生在具体的语境中运用语言知识的能力，根据文章内容进行合理的逻辑推断和分析概括的能力。一般来讲，在考试中，七个首字母，会涉及到不同词性。以名词、动词、形容词和副词为主，虚词为辅。

2. 解题技巧

（1）通读全文，了解大意

通读全文的目的是能够做到整体把握文章，迅速的了解文章大意，并且对文章的整体结构和中心思想有一个基本的了解。通读全文时，不宜看一空填一空，以免造成所填答案不符合全文的要求。

（2）把握段首句

中考的首字母往往以议论文为主，而段落的开首句，往往揭示了整段的段意。因此在考试中，把握好段首句，可以窥探到整段的全貌，以首句的时态，意义为立足点，可以方便我们判断整段的大意及主题。

（3）抓住关键词

文章的展开是按照一定的逻辑关系的，因此在文章中，作者也会使用一些关键的表现逻辑关系联词，例如：but、so、in addition等。这些关键词，可以帮助我们联系上下文展开合理的逻辑分析，了解所提问的特定语境和语篇的内在关系。

（4）熟悉考纲词组的固定搭配

考纲搭配在中考的考查中占据了重要的位置，而在首字母中，也出现过直接考查固定搭配的情况，因此，在平时的学习过程中，需要巩固好考纲词组。

（5）联系上下文解题

在解题过程中，应当遵循“先易后难”的原则，当遇到解不出的题时，应当跳过。首字母填空着重考查学生对上下文的理解，因此，很多情况下，随着下文的展开和文章的深入，前面填不出的词，在下文中会有提示。因此，学生在作答时，应当加强联系前后文，充分利用上下文中的有效信息，确定答案。

（6）重读文章，检验答案

当全部答完后，一定要把文章重新读一遍。查看文章是否通顺，语法是否有误。如果发现有不顺畅的地方，则需要再进行推敲。个别单词的形式要着重注意。例如：动词的时态，名词的单复数以及形容词副词的级。

过关检测 练习1

Mary and her husband, Richard Goldman, loved books. Like many lovers of books, they

s_____81_____walked past a bookstore without stopping to look inside. They often talked of

opening their own store one day.

In order to realize their w_____82_____, they started by talking to bookstore owners and

researching book business. One figure caught her attention: She had read somewhere that about 20

percent of books sold were mysteries (推理小说), and many buyers of mysteries spent more than

$300 a year on books. She and Richard were mystery r_____83_____and had a big collection of

such books.

On Halloween 1992, they opened the Mystery Lovers Bookshop and Café near their home. With

three children in college, it was i_____84_____for the couple to spend all the family’s money to

start a shop. To cover the $100,000 cost, they used some of their savings, borrowed from relatives

and from a bank.

In order to a_____85_____customers, Mary always had new ways. The shop had a coffee bar and

it offered presents to mystery lovers and served dinner for book clubs that met in the store. She

also invited many writers to d_____86_____their stories with the buyers to let them understand

the stories better. Now after paying taxes, business costs and the six part-time sales clerks, Richard

and Mary together earn about $34,000.

“The job we love may not go hand in hand with lots of money,” says Richard. “We do

this to give an e_____87_____life to ourselves. This is not about making a lot of money. What

matters is that we gain happiness from it.”

【参考答案】seldom、wish、readers、impossible、attract、discuss、enjoyable

小结

本篇文章描述了一对夫妇，因为热爱读书，最终也开了一家自己的书店的经历。文章难度适中。很多学生容易出错的是86题。很多学生填的是describe(描述),错误的原因是没有看到后面的介词搭配“with”，如果是describe的话，适当的介词应该选用“to”。因此，在做首字母时，需要前后文综合考虑。另外，最后一题，很多学生写的是exiting，但是没有注意到文章最后一句“gain happiness”，因此这里填enjoyable（快乐的）更为合适。

词汇积累：

单词 词性 含义 单词 词性 含义

research v. 研究 collection n. 收藏

couple n. 夫妇 relative n. 亲戚

serve v. 服务，提供 earn v. 挣，赚 realize one’s wish 实现某人愿望 catch one’s attention 吸引注意

in order to do 为了做某事 gain happiness 获得快乐

练习2

Most people know that intelligence quotient (IQ) is important, but EQ is probably more important

in daily life. When facing an exam, EQ helps us to manage our feelings. When getting along with

friends or parents, EQ helps us to c_____81_____well.

EQ is shaped partly by genetics（基因）. You can see some babies are quiet, while others are not.

B_____82_____, EQ is something you can learn for yourself. You can learn what different

feelings might mean and how they relate to yourself and others. If we learn in the right way, our

EQ can get better as we get older. Children with a high EQ usually have greater success with

making friends. Having a high EQ needs a few different skills. Learning about these skills can

help us to i_____83_____our EQ. But what are they? Let’s take a look!

1. Know yourself

Most people feel many different feelings t_____84_____the day. Some feelings like surprise last

just a few seconds. Others, like happiness and sadness, may stay around much l_____85_____.

Being able to recognize these everyday feelings is the most basic of all EQ skills.

2. Manage yourself

We all get angry. We all have disappointments. But we need to control it. It is not always the right

time or place to express our feelings. When you are angry with someone, take a deep breath and

s_____86_____count to 10. This way, you can calm down.

3. Encourage yourself

When you fail an exam, you may be disappointed. But there is something more effective you can

do—learn to encourage yourself. It gives you the energy and c_____87_____to move on. It helps

you to build a strong heart.

【参考答案】communicate、Besides、improve、throughout/through、longer、slowly/silently/simply、confidence/courage