高考英语一轮复习第一部分模块知识Unit4Astronomythescienceofthestars微测新人教版必修

Unit 4 Astronomy the science of the starsⅠ.阅读理解ANASA's New Horizons probe (宇宙探测器) flew by Pluto (冥王星) this morning, sending back history's first up－close looks at the vast freezing－cold world. Closest approach came at 7：49 am EDT. To celebrate, NASA gave out the latest photo of Pluto. It showed a reddish world with an amazing heart－shaped feature on its surface.After today's close encounter, all the nine solar system's traditionally recognized planets have now been visited by a spaceship—a huge project begun in 1962 when NASA's Mariner 2 probe flew past Venus, a planet in the solar system. More than 1,200 scientists, NASA guests and important persons, including 200 reporters, watched the flyby live at New Horizons' mission control center.That close encounter has been a long time coming. The $723 million New Horizons mission launched in January 2006 but began taking shape in 1989. “New Horizons is ‘a capstone mission’，” Glen Fountain, mission project manager told Space. com. “It is the first completi on of the observations of our solar system. It is giving us a new idea about how we human beings fit into the universe.”“New Horizons faced a crazy number of challenges，” Stern, a driving force behind New Horizons said, “So many people stuck with this for so long. They got knocked down; they stood up. They got knocked down again; they stood up again.”In a coincidence, today's close approach falls on the 50th anniversary of the first flyby of Mars, another planet, which was completed by NASA's Mariner 4 spaceship.There are no longer nine officially recognized planets, of course. The International Astronomical Union regarded Pluto as “a dwarf planet” in 2006, in a decision that remains controversial (有争议的) today.篇章导读：本文是一篇新闻报道类文章，主要讲述了科学家对太阳系行星冥王星的最新探测成果。

入舵市安恙阳光实验学校Unit 4李仕才[基础回顾]Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Her puzzled (puzzle) look on her face suggested she didn't understand what I said.2．As is known to us，the Republic of China came into existence (exist) as an independent country in 1949.3．As we all know，a bad eating habit is harmful (harm) to one's health.4．Though injured seriously，he tried to cheer up ，hoping to make his parents less worried.5．I can say that it is the most violent (violence) film that I have ever seen.6．My relationship with the actors is fundamental to my work as a director.7．As the old saying goes，it is easier to pull down than to build up.8．The old lady became seriously ill last week，and she has only existed on milk ever since.9．The new stadium being built for the next Asian Games will be three times bigger (big) than the present one.10．Sometimes he found it very hard to fall asleep at night，so he went to see the doctor.Ⅱ.单句改错(每句一错)1．She has got into the bad habit of reading in the bed，which is harmful for her eyes. f or→to2．The twin brothers stood under the tree，puzzling and saying nothing. puzzling→puzzled3．Even though he is a little boy，strange ideas always exists in his mind. exists→exist4．You'll succeed on time because you are always working hard.on→in5．The sun heats the earth，which makes possible for plants to grow. makes后加itⅢ.佳句写作1．据说这个发电厂(the power plant)是以前的5倍大。

Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2017·衡水中学高三一调)International Studies(BA理学士)Key features●Recognizes the “global community”●Has close connections with practical research●Much of the teaching is done in small discussion groupsAbout the courseThe course focuses on the complex relations between nation states.It will provide more opportunity to study specific issues such as relationship among countries in the European Union，third world debt，local and international disagreement，and the work of international bodies such as the United Nations，the European Union，NATO，and the World Bank.The course applies theories to the working of the international system with close attention to particular countries.It provides students with a better knowledge of ways to solve international problems.Related coursesBA (Hons) Community ManagementBA (Hons) Public Policy and ManagementEmployment possibilitiesInternational organizationsInternational businessEarth Science(BSc文学士)Key features●Based on key courses and the latest research findings●Pays much attention to practical skills●Offers chances for fieldworkAbout the courseThe demand and competition for natural resources is becoming an increasingly serious problem for the future of mankind.Graduates in Earth Science will play an important role in meeting this demand，and in how these natural resources will be used.The course covers geography and geology (地质学)．You will carry out fieldwork in the UK and possibly abroad，and in your final year complete a research project in an area of interest to you.Related coursesBSc (Hons) GeographyBSc (Hons) GeologyEmployment possibilitiesMineral，oil，water or other related engineering industries【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。

入舵市安恙阳光实验学校Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of the starsⅠ.单项填空1．(2013·山东青岛二中月考)After the 18th CPC National Congress, many new laws and policies will be ________ to make sure of the rapid and steady growth of China's economy.A．in power B．in controlC．in authority D．in force解析：in force生效。

句意：十八大后，许多新法律和政策将会生效来保证中国经济的快速平稳增长。

答案：D2．A rare virus just attacked my computer________，so it has broken down.A．theory B．systemC．style D．design解析：system体制，系统；theory理论；style风格；design设计，布局。

句意：一种罕见的病毒刚刚攻击了我的电脑系统，导致电脑坏了。

答案：B3．(2013·三亚调研)The bus driver asked the passengers not to hurry and get on the bus________.A．in turn B．in returnC．in time D．in case解析：in turn依次，轮流；in return作为回报；in time及时；in case 以防万一，万一。

句意：那个公车司机对乘客说不要着急，一个一个上车。

答案：A4．It is widely known that too much decoration in the house has a(n)________effect on the health.A．violent B．usefulC．harmful D．obvious解析：violent暴力的；useful有用的；harmful有害的；obvious明显的。

入舵市安恙阳光实验学校Unit 4Astronomy：the science of the stars1．____________ n. 天文学→____________ n．宇航员→____________ n．天文学家2．____________ n. 系统；体系；制度→____________ adj.成体系的；有条理的3．____________ n. ；→____________ adj.的；虔诚的4．____________ n. 学说；理论→____________ adj.理论的；理论上的5．____________ adj.猛烈的；激烈的；强暴的→____________ adv.强烈地；猛烈地；激烈地→____________ n．暴力；暴力行为6．____________adj. 有害的→____________ n．伤害；损害；危害→____________ vt. 伤害；损害；危害→____________ adj.无害的7．____________ vi. 存在；生存→____________ n．存在；生存；生活(方式)8．____________ n．谜；难题→____________ vt. & vi. (使)迷惑；(使)为难9．____________ n．生物学→____________ n. 生物学家10．____________ n．物理学家→____________ n．物理学→ ____________ adj.物理的；物理学的11．____________ vi. & vt. 碰撞；坠落12．____________ n. 拉力；牵引力→____________ vt.拉；拖；牵引13．____________ vi. & vt. (使)浮动；(使)漂浮→____________ n．漂浮物1．Do you think our education ____________(制度) needs improving?2．The discussion has become more and more ____________ (激烈的)．3．Without practice there would be no ____________(理论)．4．They can't ____________(生存) on the money he's making.5．The smell of new bread ____________(漂浮) up from the kitchen.6．Eating too many desserts can be ____________ (有害的) to one's teeth.7．“What happened？” John's mother asked him in a ____________ (温和的) voice.8．His face wore a ____________ (困惑的，迷惑的)expression.9．Most of the evidence had been destroyed.____________ (因此，于是) it was almost impossible to prove him guilty.10．The plane ____________ (坠毁) into the mountain.1．solar ____________ 太阳系2．____________ time 及时；终于3．____________ eggs 下蛋4．give birth ____________ 产生；分娩5．____________ one's turn 轮到某人；接着6．____________ dioxide 二氧化碳7．prevent ...______阻止；制止8．block ____________挡住(光线)9．cheer ____________感到高兴；感到振奋10．____________ that 既然11．break____________ 突发；爆发12．watch ____________密切注视；当心；提防1．They were in time to produce carbon, nitrogen, water vapour and other gases, which ____________ ____________ ____________ the earth's atmosphere.它们最终产生了碳、氮气、水蒸气和其他多种气体，从而形成了地球的大气层。

Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of the stars一、刷黑板——词汇全听写先过识记默写关Ⅰ.阅读词汇(英译汉)[第一屏听写]1．astronomy n．天文学2．astronomer n. 天文学家3．solar adj.太阳的；日光的4．billion pron.&n.& adj.〈英〉万亿；〈美〉十亿5．carbon n. 碳6．dissolve vt.& vi.溶解；解散7．acid n. 酸[第二屏听写]8．mammal n．哺乳动物9．dioxide n. 二氧化物10．extinct adj.灭绝的；绝种的11．lessen vi.& vt.减少；减轻12．weightlessly adv. 失重地13．solar system 太阳系14．carbon dioxide 二氧化碳_[第三屏听写]Ⅱ.高频词汇(汉译英)1．system n．系统；体系；制度2．religion n. 宗教；宗教信仰3．theory n. 学说；理论4．violent adj.猛烈的；激烈的；强暴的5．atmosphere n. 大气层；气氛6．unlike prep. 与……不同；不像7．fundamental adj.基本的；基础的[第四屏听写]8．presence n．出席；到场；存在9．harmful adj.有害的10．chain n. 链子；连锁；锁链11．reaction n. 反应；回应12．multiply vi.& vt.乘；增加13．oxygen n. 氧14．exist vi.存在；生存15．thus adv. 因此；于是[第五屏听写] 16．puzzle n．谜；难题vt.& vi.(使)迷惑；(使)为难17．biology n. 生物学18．biologist n. 生物学家19．gravity n. 万有引力；重力20．satellite n. 卫星；人造卫星21．gentle adj.温和的；文雅的[第六屏听写] 22．physicist n．物理学家23．climate n. 气候24．crash vi.& vt.碰撞；坠落25．spaceship n. 宇宙飞船26．pull n．& vt.拉(力)；拖；牵引力27．float vi.& vt.(使)浮动；(使)漂浮n. 漂浮物[第七屏听写]28．globe n．球体；地球仪；地球29．exhaust vt.用尽；耗尽；使精疲力尽30．in_time 及时；终于31．lay_eggs 下蛋32．give_birth_to 产生；分娩33．in_one's_turn 轮到某人34．prevent_..._from 阻止；制止[第八屏听写]35．block_out 挡住(光线)36．cheer_up 感到高兴；感到振奋37．now_that 既然38．break_out 突发；爆发39．watch_out_for 密切注意；当心；提防40．get_the_hang_of 熟悉；掌握；理解二、刷清单——热身自盘点再过基本应用关(一)核心单词阅读单词1.astronomy n．天文学2．astronomer n. 天文学家3．solar adj.太阳的；日光的4．billion pron.&n.& adj.〈英〉万亿；〈美〉十亿5.carbonn．碳6．dissolve vt.&vi.溶解；解散7．acid n. 酸8．mammal n. 哺乳动物9.dioxiden．二氧化物10．extinct adj.灭绝的；绝种的11．lessen vi.& vt.减少；减轻12．weightlesslyadv. 失重地表达单词1.system n．系统；体系；制度2．unlike prep. 与……不同；不像3．fundamental adj.基本的；基础的4．multiply vi.&vt.乘；增加5．gentle adj.温和的；文雅的6．crash vi.&vt.碰撞；坠落7．pull n．&vt.拉(力)；拖；牵引力8．float vi.&vt. (使)浮动；(使)漂浮[语境活用]1．A truck went out of control and crashed(碰撞) into the back of a bus.2．Some experts think reading is thefundamental (基本的) skill upon whichschool education depends.3．Those anxious for reform say that thepresent system (系统) is too narrow.4．He found something floating (漂浮) onthe lake，which frightened him.5．If you multiply (乘) two and three,you will get six.(二)常用短语“天哪，〞我大声说，“(既然)重力改变了，看来走路也的确需要练一练了。

Unit 4 Astronomy the science of the starsⅠ.单句语法填空1．I am puzzled(puzzle)by his failure to reply that he hasn't replied to my letter.2．It was said that this was the only copy of the book in existence(exist)．3．As we all know，a bad eating habit is harmful(harm) to one's health.4．Unlike(like)what he said，he didn't carry out his promise.5．As the old saying goes，it is easier to_pull(pull) down than to build up.6．Give Mary a call；she needs cheering up.7．I was warned to watch out for the terrifying dog.8．Last night a fire broke out in the hotel across the street.9．Last night，Mrs.Green had a heart attack.But luckily，the doctor came in time to save her life.10．Class Three should be responsible for raising the red flag this week in its turn.Ⅱ.完成句子1．如今，违反交通规则和乱扔垃圾的现象很常见，对生活和环境造成了严重的破坏。

These days，breaking traffic rules and littering are not uncommon，causing_serious_harm_to_life_and_the_environment.2．很久以前地球上存在着体形庞大的动物。

第一部分必修3 Unit 4Ⅰ.单句改错1．Effective measures must be taken to keep the river being polluted.________________________________________________________________________ 2．Whatever happens, in no time will I give up.________________________________________________________________________ 3．The problem was very puzzling that I couldn't understand it.________________________________________________________________________ 4．There was existed a certain doubt among the workers as to the necessity of the work.________________________________________________________________________ 5．John was made deal with the tough problem.________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】1.being前加from 2.in→at 3.very→so4．去掉was 5.deal前加toⅡ.语境填空violent， unlike， harm， exist， thus， puzzle， pull， float 1．I____________ on the rope to see if it was secure just now.2．Beautiful music came ____________ out of the window.3．Many young people, ____________ their parents, want to live in the cities.4．When you said you were in the law school, I was more ____________.5．Some plants and animals contain natural poisons that are____________ to people.6．Too much TV has been associated with __________， overweight and loneliness.7．Big companies allowed the production of cheaper milk, ____________ making it difficult for milkmen to compete.【答案】1.pulled 2.floating 3.unlike4．puzzled 5.harmful 6.violence 7.thusⅢ.短语活用watch out, watch over, now that, cheer up, in turn, by turn, in time2．Wolves will kill people and people will ____________ kill them.3．Sarah made it to the airport just ____________ to catch her plane this morning.4．____________ for walkers and other bicyclists, and always use your lights in dark conditions.5．Feeling blue about the world? “____________，” says science writer Matt Ridley.【答案】1.Now that 2.in turn 3.in time4．Watch out 5.Cheer upⅣ.完成句子1．我每天早上都朗读英语。

Unit 4 Astronomy:the science of stars(60分钟83分)Part A一、阅读理解(共9小题;每小题2分,满分18分)A(2015·湖南高考)1.Michael Horan wrote the letter mainly to show that .A.drivers should be polite to cyclistsB.road accidents can actually be avoidedC.some pedestrians are a threat to road safetyD.walking while using phones hurts one’s eyes2.Carol Harvey suggests that cyclists should .A.be provided with enough roadsB.be asked to ride on their own lanesC.be made to pay less tax for cyclingD.be fined for laughing at policemen3.What is a complaint of JML?A.Very few drivers are insured.B.Cyclists ride fast on pavements.C.Pedestrians go through red traffic lights.D.Horse riders disrespect other road users.4.The underlined word “they” in the third letter refers to .A.accidentsB.vehiclesC.pedestriansD.cyclists5.The three letters present viewpoints on .A.real sources of road dangersB.ways to improve road facilitiesC.measures to punish road offencesD.increased awareness of road rules【文章大意】随着交通的发达,越来越多的车辆给行人和骑车者带来安全隐患,与此同时,行人和骑车人的一些不良行为也是造成交通事故的潜在原因。

入舵市安恙阳光实验学校必修3Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of the stars要点梳理高效梳理·知识备考●重点单词1．astronomy n．天文学→astronomer n．天文学家2．system n．系统；体系；制度3．theory n．学说；理论→theoretical adj.理论上的4．globe n．球体；地球仪；地球→global adj.全球性的；全世界的5．violent adj.猛烈的；激烈的；强暴的→violence n．暴力→violently adv.猛烈地6．atmosphere n．大气层；气氛7．unlike prep.不同；不像→dislike vt.不喜欢8．presence n．出席；到场；存在→present adj. & n. & v．在场的；目前，现在；出席；颁发，授予9．harmful adj.有害的；伤害的→harm n．危害，害处→harmless adj.无害的10．exist vi.存在，生存→existence n．存在，生存11．puzzle n．谜；难题vt. & vi.(使)迷惑；(使)为难→puzzled adj.迷惑的→puzzling adj.令人迷惑的12．gravity n．万有引力；重力13．satellite n．卫星；人造卫星14．climate n．气候15．spaceship n．宇宙飞船16．pull n. & vt.拉(力)；拖；牵引力17．float vi. & vt.(使)浮动；(使)漂浮 n．漂浮物18．mass n．质量；团；块；大量；(复)群众●重点短语1．in time 及时；终于2．lay eggs 下蛋3．give birth to 产生；分娩4．in one’s turn 轮到某人；接着5．prevent...from 阻止；制止6．block out 挡住(光线)7．cheer up 感到高兴；感到振奋8．now that 既然9．break out 突发；爆发10．watch out 密切注视；当心；提防11．cool down 冷却12．as well as 也；还有……13．depend on 依靠；依赖，取决于14．get close to 靠近●重点句型1．This produced a chain reaction, which made it possible for life todevelop.这就形成一个连锁反应，使生命发展成为可能。