自学考试《英语(二)》精华复习笔记(3)

全国英语二自考知识点总结一、单元一：Unit 11.词汇知识首先学习了有关家庭和亲属关系的词汇。

根据不同的年龄和性别，家庭成员有爷爷、奶奶、爸爸、妈妈、姐姐、弟弟、儿子、女儿等。

亲属关系包括父母、子女、兄弟姐妹等。

2. 语法知识The use of the verb "to be"主要通过学习“be动词”的用法及其扩展，掌握了be动词的不同形式——am、is、are，以及其用法和基本句型。

英语中的复数形式了解了英语中名词的复数形式的构成规则，掌握了常见名词复数形式的变化规则。

3. 阅读技能通过描述和介绍家庭生活等内容的基础英语对话，学会了正确地理解阅读中的词语和句子，提高了阅读理解能力。

4. 写作技能掌握日常生活中描述家庭成员、自己爱好以及介绍自己的能力。

同时，学习了一般现在时的句子结构及常见问句的构成和用法，提高了日常生活中口语交际的能力。

5. 听力技能掌握了通过听力材料听懂日常生活中的一些简单对话，提高了日常生活中的交际能力。

二、单元二：Unit 21. 词汇知识学习了身体部位的名称，如head，shoulder，arm，hand，finger，leg，foot等。

2. 语法知识The use of the Simple Present Tense学习了一般现在时的基本构成和常见句型，提高了一般现在时的使用能力。

动词的否定句和疑问句掌握了动词的否定形式和疑问形式的基本构成和用法，提高了相关问句句型的灵活运用。

3. 阅读技能阅读理解内容主要涉及描述人体部位的基础知识，通过阅读加深了对这些知识的掌握和理解。

4. 写作技能学习了用英语如何正确描述自己的身体部位和健康状况，提高了描述自己和他人的能力，了解了一般现在时句型的使用。

5. 听力技能掌握了通过听力材料了解日常对话中关于身体部位和健康状况的内容，提高了日常交际和应对紧急情况的能力。

三、单元三：Unit 31. 词汇知识学习了有关学校生活的词汇，包括学校设施、课程安排、学习用品等。

课堂笔记1. disagree with sb/sth反对，不赞成→agree with sb/ one’s opinion/ one’s idea / one’sviews赞成 agree to sth 赞成 (如one’s advice/ suggestion/ proposal/ method/ plan)agree to do sth赞成干某事agree on/ upon sth在…方面达成一致意见2. The TV set has a two-year guarantee.（保修两年）…………has a guarantee of two years.……………is guaranteed for two years.3. succeed in sth/ doing sth 成功地干了某事 = manage to do sth = was/were able to do sth.be successful in sth/ doing sth→fail to do sth / fail in sth未能干成某事e.g. The boy succeeded in swimming across the river.The student failed to pass the exam.4. even 副词，“甚至”“即使”，表示强调 Even a child can understand the book.even if 连词，“即使”，引导让步状语从句Even if the task is difficult, I’ll try hard to finish it.5. ten, hundred, thousand, million, billion, dozen, score等，若前有数量词则用单数，且后面不能跟of，如two dozeneggs；若后跟of则用复数，表示概数，强凋数量之多，如hundreds of people, dozens of apples.6. be different from…跟…不同 be different in…在…方面不同be similar to…跟…相似 be similar in…在…方面相似be identical to/with…跟…完全一样 = be the same as…与…一样7. find it difficult to do sth发现干某事很困难v. + it + adj. + to do sth（it为形式宾语，真正的宾语为不定式）It + be + adj. + to do sth（it为形式主语，真正的主语为不定式）e.g. It is necessary to learn a foreign language.→ I think it necessary to learn a foreign language.8. conversely = on the contrary = on the other hand相反地9. offer/give advice to sb = offer/give sb advice给某人提意见或建议 + on sth/ how to do sthe.g. The teacher offered us some advice on how to learn English well.→take/follow one’s advice接受忠告advise sb to do sth建议某人干某事→ advice sb against doing sth建议某人不要干某事10. as…as one can/could = as…as possible尽可能e.g. The thief ran as fast as possible/ he could.We should read as many books as possible/ we can.11. practice doing sth12. play with sth/sb 玩弄，玩耍 (e.g. fire, toys, women)13. first of all 首先 = above all14. depend on/upon = be dependent on/upon 依赖，依靠→one’s dependence on/upon… cf. be independent of不依赖，独立→the independence from…e.g. We don’t depend on our parents = We are not dependent on our parents.→ We are independent of our parents./ We want to get independence from our parents.15. They do not depend on the book or the teacher.在否定句或疑问句中必须用or连接，表示并列，虽译为“和”16. discover发现（已有的事物） invent发明（尚无的事物）17. instead of介词短语,instead副词，都表示“不是…而是…”“而不是…”，常可转换。

新版自考英语 (二) 课文精讲第一单元 A 课II. Text LearningCritical Reading①(1)Critical reading applies to non-fiction writing in which the author puts forth a position or seeks to make a statement. Critical reading is active reading. It involves more than jus(t 不只是，不仅仅是) understanding what an author is saying. Critical reading involves questioning and evaluating what the author is saying, and forming your own opinions about what the author is saying. Here are the things you should do to be a critical reade(r. 启下句) 本部分重点及难点：隐藏重难点解析1. Critical reading applies to non-fiction writing in which the author puts forth a position or seeks to make a statement.apply to sb./sth.= be applicable to sb./sth.apply 的派生词：application, applicant, applicable②Consider the context of what is written. You may be reading something that was written by an author from a different cultural context than yours. (2)Or, you may be reading something written some time ago in a different time context than yours. (3)In either case, you must recognize and take into account any differences between your values and attitudes and those represented by the author.本部分重点及难点：隐藏重难点解析2. Or, you may be reading something written some time ago in a different time context than yours. some time注意区分：sometime / sometimes / some times3. In either case, you must recognize and take into account any differences between your values and attitudes and those represented by the author. 不论哪种情况，你必须注意并考虑你的价值观和态度与作者所述的价值观和态度有何不同。

综合英语二（课堂笔记_语法部分）一、谓语动词It is + adj. + to do /for to do主语+ 系动词+ to doabout to dogoing to doI have nothing to do but read the novel.but——但是，可以＋不定式，前有“do”后无“to”抽象名词/chance/way/power/ability/opportunity/promise/capacity/occasionTo match up with others, we must study harder.We should study harder to catch up with others.句首有逗号，译为“为了”，句末无逗号，译为“以便”The reason given was that the acid in the orange juice would make the milk curdle and become indigestible.Only 25 percent of all diamonds mined are good enough for cutting into gems.Work together to control the amount of violent programs watched and the number of violent toys found in the home.First, we find that the number depends, of course, on the items involved.1、动词不定式、现在分词、动名词、过去分词作表语的区别。

We are to study current science.He is to do the experiment in physics.不定式作表语表示将来的行为。

自考英语二语法知识点（经典版）编制人：__________________审核人：__________________审批人：__________________编制单位：__________________编制时间：____年____月____日序言下载提示：该文档是本店铺精心编制而成的，希望大家下载后，能够帮助大家解决实际问题。

文档下载后可定制修改，请根据实际需要进行调整和使用，谢谢!并且，本店铺为大家提供各种类型的经典范文，如工作报告、工作计划、活动方案、规章制度、演讲致辞、合同协议、条据文书、教学资料、作文大全、其他范文等等，想了解不同范文格式和写法，敬请关注!Download tips: This document is carefully compiled by this editor. I hope that after you download it, it can help you solve practical problems. The document can be customized and modified after downloading, please adjust and use it according to actual needs, thank you!Moreover, our store provides various types of classic sample essays, such as work reports, work plans, activity plans, rules and regulations, speeches, contract agreements, documentary evidence, teaching materials, complete essays, and other sample essays. If you would like to learn about different sample formats and writing methods, please pay attention!自考英语二语法知识点嘿，同学们晓得吧？其实，水滴石穿，绳锯木断。

虚拟语气是把作者想陈述的动作当成一种只存在于讲话人想象中的“假设”或“推测”，而不是当作客观现象中真实事件。

它表达的是怀疑、忧虑、推测、假设、想象或祝愿等。

该语法现象应用在非真实条件中，包括虚拟条件句、推测条件句和错综复杂条件句。

这里所说的非真实条件句，大家便会联想到if这个词，如果我们在句子中看到if引导的条件从句是以动词的过去式作为句子的主要谓语的话，我们就应基本设定它为虚拟语气。

如果句子中出现了wish这个词，我们应该明白要考虚拟了。

Wish如果在句子中表达的是与现在事实相反的结果，如果考系动词，一定要选择were；如果没有系动词，只是一个简单的动词，那么我们要选择它的过去式；第二，如果wish表达的是与过去事实相反的结果，那么我们就用had+过去分词（或would/could+ have+过去分词）；如果wish表示的是将来没有把握或不太可能实现的愿望，用would/should(could, might)+动词原形。

看几个例子：I wish she were here.对现在的虚拟，而且出现系动词了，用were.I wish she had taken my advice.从句意了解到，这个动作应该发生在过去，所以虚拟，虚拟应该用动词的过去完成式（当然里面可能会出现被动形式had been done）.I wish you would go with us tomorrow.表达的是将来没有有把握实现的愿望，用would+ to的形式。

实战一下：A: You have made some mistakes.B:I wish I____ mistakes every day.A. don’t makeB. haven’t c. wouldn’t have made D. didn’t makeevery day 足以说明对现在的虚拟，应用动词的过去式，选D。

A：What would you wish to do if you were a college student again?B: That’s very hard to say, but I wish I____A. have not studied psychologyB. did study psychologyC. had studied psychologyD. studied psychology句子中出现了were ,说明是对过去的虚拟，应用过去完成式，选C。

英语二自学教程笔记Self-Study Notes for English Language Learning.Embarking on the journey of self-studying English can be both exciting and challenging. With the right resources and strategies, however, the process can be smooth and rewarding. These notes aim to provide a comprehensive guide for those looking to enhance their English language skills through independent study.1. Understanding the Basics.Before delving into more advanced topics, it's crucial to master the fundamentals of English. This includes:Alphabet and Pronunciation: Familiarize yourself with the English alphabet and learn how to pronounce each letter correctly. This will lay the foundation for speaking and understanding spoken English.Vocabulary: Building a rich vocabulary is essentialfor effective communication. Start by learning common words and phrases, and gradually expand your vocabulary through reading and listening to native speakers.Grammar: Understanding the rules of English grammar is key to writing and speaking correctly. Master the basics of sentence structure, parts of speech, and punctuation.2. Improving Listening Skills.Listening is a crucial skill in language learning. Here are some tips to improve your listening abilities:Watch English Movies and TV Shows: This is a great way to immerse yourself in the language and improve your understanding of spoken English. Start with subtitles if necessary, and gradually try to understand the dialogue without them.Listen to English Music:除了看电影和电视节目，听英语音乐也是提高听力技能的好方法。

全国自考本科《英语（二）》复习资料语法主要考哪些项目？英语（二）最常考的语法项目包括：动词时态和语态、非谓语动词、虚拟语气、定语从句、名词性从句、状语从句、比较级、语序、主谓一致、强调句、基本句型。

* 最常考的时态：现在完成时、过去完成时、过去时、一般现在时和将来完成时。

* 最常考的非谓语动词：独立结构、动名词作某些动词的宾语、非谓语动词作定语和状语。

* 最常考的虚拟语气：与过去事实相反的虚拟语气的从句和主句。

* 最常考的定语从句：where 引导的定语从句、名词/代词+ of + which引导的定语从句。

* 名词性从句：what，whether 引导的主语或宾语从句、that 引导的同位语从句。

* 状语从句：now that，in that，in case，as，while 引导的状语从句。

哪些词最有可能考单词拼写？严格来说，只要是考纲中包括的词都有可能出现在单词拼写大题中，但是从历年考题可以看出，某些词的命中率要高于其它词，有些词甚至反复考过，这说明考生在背单词的时候还是可以在全面覆盖的基础之上突出重点、提高效率的。

在这里我们不可能一一罗列重要的词汇，下面是我总结的英语（二）常考单词的特点：* 绝大部分是长度在5-8个字母之间的中等难度的词，如：victim，gesture等；* 拼写和读音不完全对称的词，如：dumb，subtle等。

* 个别非常简单、但课文中不是很常见的名词，如：tube.* 从词性上来看，最常考的依次是名词、形容词、动词、和副词。

在复习这些单词时，一定要以考试大纲为准，而不能只背教材后面的生词表。

一方面，教材后面的生词表中包含了不少超刚词，完全不会考到；另一方面，对英语（二）来说，从下册教材生词表中出的单词只占三分之一，不可能涵盖所有要考的内容。

同样在复习时一定要讲究准确性，确保背一个记准一个，而不能只是记个大概，最后写出来每个都差不多但每个都有错。

复习建议针对上述预测，我们如何制定冲刺阶段的复习计划呢？下面是我推荐的三步复习法。

自考英语（二）章节复习资料汇总重点单词扩充讲解：1. organizational: a 组织上的由此我们可以联想到：organize: v 组织；organization: n 组织；organizer: n 组织者请看下列习题，选择该组词里恰当的词填空：1). Last week, our school ________ a spring outing.2). The task calls for the highest _________ skill.3). China has joined World Trade __________.4). He is the __________ of the speech contest.Answers: organized, organizational, Organization, organizer2. objective: n 目标；a 客观的，反义词subjective: 主观的3. predict: v 预言、预示；由此我们可以联想到：prediction: n 预言；predictable: a 可预测的；predictor: n 预言家4. simplify: v 简化由此我们可以联想到：simple: a 简单的；simply: ad 简单地，仅仅地；simplification: n 简化；simplified: a 被简化的。

Exercises for the above words:1). The machine is _____ in operation but complex in structure.2). Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet in the original is beyond our capacity while ____ edition is quite easy.3). There is no point in arguing about it, because it is _______ a question of procedure.4). The ______ of working process freed the workers fro heavy labor.Answers: simple; simplified; simply; simplification5. tendency: n 趋势、倾向；tend : v 倾向于…，tend to do sthe.g. old people have the tendency of getting fatter.Or old people tend to get fatter.6. managerial: a 经理的、经营上的；由此我们可以联想到：manage: v管理、经营；management: n; manager: n 经营者，管理者；manageable:a 可管理的、可经营的。