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Unit 1一直以来，社会学家认为一项规模小于200人的事业，可以通过成员间自由的信息沟通而正常运转。
一旦人数超过这一数字，无论如何，都要建立一套层级架构或流程管理体系，以避免无效沟通而导致的混乱。
然而建立这种架构是需要成本的：第一，因为只有确定的个人之间才会经常性联系，所以信息也只能在特定渠道中流通；第二，范而不专的沟通意味着每个人不清楚自己的义务所在，致使工作只能小范围内“原地打转”。
明确信息交换对象，立即反馈，而不是将信息看作一种公共义务，只有这样组织才会得益。
组织规模越大，沟通灵活性越小。
解决上述问题的一个行之有效的办法，就是将大的组织划分成若干能够凝聚在一起工作的小规模单位。
通过小单位之间的相互协作，更大的组织才得以建立。
然而，仅仅划分若干小单位，比如说150个，并不是解决组织面临此类问题时的万能药。
还需要内部员工之间建立直接的私人关系。
若想让信息传达顺畅，就需要员工间的自然沟通，太正式的关系结构必然阻碍这一系统的正常运行。
几年前一位电视制片人让我意识到了这种沟通方式的重要性。
她所在的工作团队负责某家电视台全部教育节目的制作。
不知是存数巧合还是刻意设计，这一团队几乎正好有150人，多年来他们作为一个组织，运做得非常顺畅，直到搬入一处专门修建的办公场所。
从此，不知不觉中，所有的一切却变得糟糕起来，工作感觉越来越难做，更不要说让团队成员满意了。
找到问题症结花了一段时间，原来，建筑师在设计新办公室时，考虑到员工平时午餐时间用来吃三明治的咖啡厅过于奢侈且没必要，故将其省略。
逻辑上貌似，如果员工在各自办公桌上吃午餐，那么他们将把更多精力投入到工作中，并且也减少了无所事事的走动。
而这么做，也无意间破坏了给整个团队带来动力的，密切的社交关系网。
显而易见，原来员工们随意聚到咖啡厅吃三明治时，一些有用的信息便会在不经意间交流。
如果哪位员工遇到问题无法解决，他便会在午饭时与其他部门的朋友讨论，或者这位朋友知道谁能解决这一问题，或者其他同事恰巧听到，要么提供一些建议，要么之后撞上某人而知道了答案，只要一个电话，问题便迎刃而解。
体验商务英语4综合教程《体验商务英语4 综合教程》课程教学大纲一．课程基本信息课程编号：0142524课程类别：选修总学时：36课程简介：商务英语课程作为翻译专业的一门专业先选课程，主要目标是培养学生掌握国际贸易的基础知识、基本技能，能独立从事一般的对外贸易业务工作。
具备听说读写译的基本技能，语音语调正确、语法概念清楚，能用英语较熟练地从事外事接待、外贸业务洽谈的口、笔译工作。
在培养学生英语语言能力的同时让学生了解和熟悉各种商务情景和商务活动，掌握相关的商务及商务文化知识，并使他们能够把所学的知识运用到各种商务活动中。
二．教材简介教材名称：体验商务英语综合教程4教材编者：David Cotton;David Falvey; Simon Kent;《体验商务英语》改编组出版社：高等教育出版社教材情况简介：本教材话题紧跟国际经济发展形势，循序渐进地训练学生用英语进行调研分析、归纳总结和使用正确语体作书面或口头表述的能力。
既可以帮助在校生了解真实的商务环境和话题，学习地道的商务英语；也可以帮助从事各种经济活动的商务人员通过语言技能综合训，较快地提高语言能力。
将国际商务活动引入课堂，体验真实的商务世界。
角色扮演和案例学习将体验式学习引向深入，教学设计严谨，为体验式学习打好基础。
教学资源丰富，为体验式教学提供有力支持。
三．课程教学内容教学重点与难点1.重点：掌握各种商务活动情景对话中的语言要点及专业词汇2.难点：由于缺乏实战经验，学生难以理解不断涌现的商务方面的新知识和商务活动的实战环节。
教学内容、目标与学时分配教学内容教学目标课时分配Unit1 Communication 掌握 4 Unit2 International marketing 掌握 4 Unit3 Building relationships 掌握4Unit 4 Success 掌握 4 Unit 5 Job satisfaction 掌握 4 Unit 6 Risk 了解0 Unit 7 E-commerce 掌握 4 Revision Unit AUnit 8 Team building 了解0 Unit 9 Raising finance 了解0 Unit 10 Customer service 了解0 Unit 11 Crisis management 了解0 Unit 12 Management styles 掌握 4 Unit 13 Takeovers and mergers 了解0 Unit 14 The future of business 了解0 Revision Unit B 四．课程各教学环节的基本要求课堂讲授：要求学生在课堂上就国际商务中的各种场景进行对话和听力练习，并通过看录像、VCD及听录音和MP3等多媒体手段提高学生的商务英语听说能力。
体验商务英语综合教程4答案注:以下是开学初⽼师说要上课的单元的答案U1Language reviewA: 1.c 2.h 3.d 4.a 5.b 6.e 7.f 8.gU 2V ocabularyA:1. monetary regulations /doc/b674b70c7cd184254b353563.html ernment bureaucracy 3. political stability 4. buying habits5. economic situation6. income distributionC:1.d 2.b 3.c 4.b 5.c 6. d 7. d 8. c 9. d 10.d ReadingF: 1 . a 2. a 3. a 4. a 5. aU 3V ocabularyC: 1. e 2.d 3. b 4. a 5. cListeningC: 1. b 2. a 3. b 4. b 5. bD: 1.c 2.a 3.b 4.e 5.dU 6V ocabularyB:1. e 2 . f 3 .g 4 . d 5 . c 6 . b 7 . aReadingB: 1.e 2.g 3. d 4. f 5. a 6. c 7. bU 7V ocabularyB: /doc/b674b70c7cd184254b353563.html 2. search engines 3. traffic4, site 5. search 6. key word 7. hits 8.surfers9.on-line 10.directories 11. browse 12.locate C: 1.b 2.a 3. cUNIT A Revision Adjectives: Complete…1.persuasive2.articulate coherent eloquent3,hesitant inhibited6.reponsive7.fluentNow use…..1. fluent2. articulate3. lucid4. inhibited5. succinct6 .reponsiveReading:1-10:1.b 2.c 3.d 4.c 5.b 6.d 7.b 8.c 9.d 10.b Prefixes1.underperforming2.overestimated3.outbid4.outsource5.undercharged6.overextended7.outmanoeuvre8..overrunIntensifying adverbs1.b2. a3.e4. f5. g6. d7. c Conditionals1. b2. c3. b4. a5. c 6,c7.a 8.b 9.b 10.c 11.a 12. cA: 1.b 2.b 3.c 4.a 5.c 6.b7.b 8.a 9.c 10.a 11.b 12.bB: 1.ex-president2.bilateral3.predicted4.pro-European5.underdeveloped6.mismanagement7.dishonestReadingA:/doc/b674b70c7cd184254b353563.html mon goals with challenging targets2.Open communication3.Involvement of all team members4.Conflict resolution5.Leadership6.Measuring progress againstC: 2.a)on and offb)hard and fastc)give and taked)ups and downse)touch and gof)wine and dineg)by and largeh)pros and consU10V ocabularyA:/doc/b674b70c7cd184254b353563.html plaints …e2.rapport ...d3.reassure …a4.standards …b5.products . …cB:6. b7. g C:1.get to the bottom of the problem2.pass the buck3.it was the last straw4.slipped my mind5.talking at across purposes6.ripped off7.got straight to the point Language reviewB:1. b 2.a 3.d 4.cU11V ocabularyB:1.speed of response2.press conference3.press release4.flow information5.action plan6.contingency plan7.legal action8.admission of liability9.loss of confidence10.damage limitationU 12V ocabularyD: 1.d 2.c 3.a 4.b 5.f 6.eLanguage reviewB:1.them 2. they 3.it 4.they 5. we 6. their 7.they Skills D:1.c 2. e 3.a 4.b 5.dU13V ocabulary6.aListeningA: 1. d 2.a 3. e 4.f 5.c 6.bReadingC: 1.b 2.b 3.a 4. a 5.a 6.b 7.bD: /doc/b674b70c7cd184254b353563.html patible 2.odds are stacked against/doc/b674b70c7cd184254b353563.html plementary 4.replicateLanguage reviewC:1.d 2. f 3.g 4.l 5.c 6.b7.j 8.a 9.k 10.i 11.e 12.hUNIT B RevisionFixed pairsA: 1.b 2. e 3. c 4.a 5.d 6. f 7. g B: 1.wax and wane2.loud and clear3.hard and fast4.nuts and bolts5.boom and bust6.touch and go7.pros and consNegotiating expressions1.d2. c3.b4.e5.g6.a7.fReading(P125)6.b7.dReading(P126)1.c2.d3.b4.b5.c6.b7.c8.a Comparisons1.g2.e3. d4.f5.a6.c7.b OppositesB:1.disobedience2.illegalities3.impatience/doc/b674b70c7cd184254b353563.html rmality5.irresponsibility6.unfairnessText reference1.b2.c3. e4.aPresentation language6.d7.b8.c Reading(P129)1.b2.a3.c4.a5.c6.b7.d。
Unit 1Part OneIII. Listen, Watch and DiscussSuggested answers1. Priming refers to the role of media in helping us recall old ideas, knowledge or experience.2. Agenda setting is also called gatekeeping, because the media controls the information we getand therefore what we think about it.3. While agenda setting is choosing which stories to tell, framing is choosing how to tell them.4. Cultivation means that the media can blur the lines between the real world and the one on TV,and change our attitudes and behavior.5. By understanding the way the media works, you can win back control of your perception andseek to have a balanced view of the world and the people in it.6. Suggestion: Students can either share their thoughts right after watching the video, or do someresearch and share their findings in class later.Part TwoWarm-up Activities1. Do you know the differences among the three terms below?Suggested answermainstream media: Some people believe mainstream media are coordinated and controlled by large corporations which own a vast majority of the means of television and radio transmission stations, which allows them to transmit a standardized message en masse. Large news conglomerates including newspapers, which underwent successive mergers in the U.S. and elsewhere at an increasing rate beginning in the 1990s, are often included in the expression. The term “MSM” or “mainstream media” has been widely used in conversation and in discussion of the mass media and media bias.mass media: Mass media denotes a section of the media specifically designed to reach a large audience. The term was coined in the 1920s with the advent of nationwide radio networks, mass-circulation newspapers and magazines. However, some forms of mass media such as books and manuscripts had already been in use for centuries.Mass media includes Internet media (like blogs, message boards, podcasts, and video sharing sites) because individuals now have a means to exposure that is comparable in scale to that previously restricted to a select group of mass media producers. The audience has been viewed by some commentators as forming a mass society with special characteristics, notably atomization or lack of social connections, which render it especially susceptible to the influence of modern mass-media techniques such as advertising and propaganda.elite media: Elite media is a term used to describe newspapers, radio stations, TV channels and other media that influence the political agenda of other mass media. According to Noam Chomsky, “[t]he elite media set a framework within which others operate.” The New York Times is used as an example of elite media by both Chomsky, a left-wing intellectual, and Bill O’Reilly, a right-wing commentator. Thus the term denotes a structural position within the mass media, rather than a particular political agenda. However, the term, like its sibling term “liberal elites”, may beused by conservatives in a pejorative context.2. Find out information about the following American media. Do you know any mainstream media in other countries such as Japan, Russia, the UK, or France?Suggested answerCBS (formerly known as the Columbia Broadcasting System) is an American commercial broadcast television network that is a flagship property of CBS Corporation. The company is headquartered in New York City and Los Angeles. It has been called the “Tiffany Network”, alluding to the perceived high quality of CBS programming during the tenure of its founder William S. Paley. It can also refer to some of CBS’s first demonstrations of color television, which were held in a former Tiffany & Co. building in New York City in 1950. The network has its origins in United Independent Broadcasters Inc., a collection of 16 radio stations that was purchased by Paley in 1928 and renamed the Columbia Broadcasting System. It would first become one of the largest radio networks in the United States, and eventually one of the Big Three American broadcast television networks. The Westinghouse Electric Corporation acquired the network in 1995. In 2000, CBS came under the control of Viacom. CBS Corporation is now controlled by Sumner Redstone through National Amusements, which also controls the current Viacom. Its television network has more than 240 owned-and-operated and affiliated television stations throughout the United States.The Associated Press (AP) is an American multinational nonprofit news agency headquartered in New York City. The AP is owned by its contributing newspapers and radio and television stations in the United States, all of which contribute stories to the AP and use material written by its staff journalists. As of 2007, news collected by the AP was published and republished by more than 1,700 newspapers, in addition to more than 5,000 television and radio broadcasters. The photograph library of the AP consists of over 10 million images. The AP operates 243 news bureaus in 120 countries. It also operates the AP Radio Network, which provides newscasts twice hourly for broadcast and satellite radio and television stations. Many newspapers and broadcasters outside the United States are AP subscribers, paying a fee to use AP material without being contributing members of the cooperative. As part of their cooperative agreement with the AP, most member news organizations grant automatic permission for the AP to distribute their local news reports.The New York Times is an American daily newspaper, founded and continuously published in New York City since September 18, 1851, by The New York Times Company. It has won 117 Pulitzer Prizes, more than any other news organization. Its international version, formerly the International Herald Tribune, is now called the International New York Times.These three media are mainstream media, which influence a large number of people, and both reflect and shape prevailing currents of thought. According to Noam Chomsky, such media organizations with an elite audience, successful corporations with the assets necessary to engage in original reporting, set the tone for other smaller news organizations which lack resources by creating conversations that cascade down to smaller news organizations using the Associated Press and other means of aggregation. An elite mainstream media organization sets the agenda and smaller organizations parrot it.Mainstream media in other countries:Japan: Kyodo News (共同通讯社), NHK(日本放送协会), Nippon TV( 日本电视台), Asahi Shimbun ( 朝日新闻)Russia: ITAR-TASS ( 塔斯社), Ria ( 俄新社), Radio Russia ( 俄罗斯广播电台)the UK: BBC (英国广播公司), Reuters(路透社), The Guardian (《卫报》), The Daily Telegraph (《每日邮报》)France: Agence France Presse (法新社), TF1 ( 法国电视一台), Le Figaro(《费加罗报》)Text III. Reading for specific informationKey1. F2. F3. T4. T5. FIII. Reading and making interpretationsSuggested answers1. My impression is the media aren’t very different from the academic world or from, say,journals that publishes intellectual opinions. Although there are some extra constraints on the media, the difference is not huge. These fields interact with each other, which is why people are able to easily switch from writing academic articles to writing for the media and vice versa.2. They can be people who manage political affairs, corporate executives or other types ofbusiness managers, scholars, or journalists who engage themselves in influencing the way people think and look at things.3. These s tories are neither about local affairs nor employed to distract your audience’sattention. Rather, they are the stories that you will save for the most noticeable section of the newspaper.4. The universities are dependent institutions, relying on outside sources of support.Occasionally, there may be people in universities who are capable of independent thinking and don’t internalize the framework of beliefs and attitudes of the power system; that is true of the media, corporations and even Fascist states in this regard.5. So, it can be said that the educational system is a filtering device which only selects andkeeps people who sincerely accept without any doubts the key beliefs and attitudes of the power system that influences their social surroundings.6. The null hypothesis that the nature of the media product (i.e. the audience) has nothing to dowith the internal institutional structure of the media can bring us nowhere.Part ThreeText IIII. Reading and making interpretationsSuggested answers1. Whenever newspapers stop insulting me in their news items or articles, I know I must havedone something wrong.2. When there are so many newspapers, magazines, TV stations and web sites, these mediabusinesses start to engage in highly risky competition for the attention of viewers, readers, and listeners.3. A public relations practitioner is no longer valued or respected once people have lost trust inthem. When that happens, they will have no future in their career in public relations.4. Answers based o n guesswork rather than evidence can result in people’s false expectations,which will bring trouble to an organization at a later time when the truth is revealed. It is those people who prospect gold or tell fortunes with tarot cards and a crystal ball that often form theories and speculations without evidence.Part FourText IIIQuestions for Group DiscussionPoints to consider1.1) In old media, somebody else is the programmer while in new media the user is theprogrammer;2) Old media companies are bia sed towards the hits at the “head” of the distribution of content,while new media companies allow creation and consumption along the entirety of a much longer content tail;3) New media companies are at ease in the long tail of content, whereas old media firms tend toget stuck trying to generate hits.2. The value of networks and exchanges increases dramatically as the number of participantsrises, which will in turn make network effects become barriers to entry by rivals. Network effects can be exploited to create marketplaces and get an upper hand in the competition.Part FiveLanguage Focus1. conformity2. tyrannical3. hypothetical4. interactive5. predictively6. conform7. hypothesis8. InteractII. Idioms, phrasal verbs and fixed expressions1. against2. out3. out4. to/toward(s)5. off6. out7. toward(s)/to8. at9. at 10. inIII. Collocation1. abused2. shared/tacit3. positive/harmoniousIV. Complete the following sentences with the proper form of words and phrases given in the box.1. counsel2. estate3. have conjectured/conjecture4. crazed5. outright6. prevailed7. archetypal8. phalanx9. play up 10. continuum11. obtrusive 12. geared to 13. gravitate towards 14. High-stakes 15. adversarial 16. grind out 17. weed out 18. speculative 19. baffling 20. Conventional wisdom Comprehensive PracticeI. Translate the following sentences into English, using words and phrases from the unit.Suggested answers1. Various conjectures have played around this kind of slanted pyramids. The consensusopinion seems to lean to considering them as unfinished forms of pyramids.2. In the past, liberals held the belief that poverty sometimes harms children, and welfare isgood for kids. This has made them sometimes outright adversarial in their attitudes towards serious efforts to reduce welfare dependence.3. With the growing use of high-stakes tests, the American Educational Research Associationpoints out that it is essential that there is an ongoing evaluation of both the intended and unintended consequences of the testing program.4. The Bush administration is driving American credibility as a Middle East peacemaker to anew low with its support for a major expansion of Israeli settlements in the occupied West Bank, leading to anti-war sentiment scattered around the country.5. To those who speculate that the market is saturated, industry experts suggest one visit to anymajor department store in the U.S., all of which often devote the entire first floor to cosmetics, skincare, and perfume, etc.II. Translate the following passage into Chinese.Suggested answer仅仅在这一篇文章中不可能尽述媒体政治宣传的概念。
体验商务英语综合教程4课本答案Unit 1Language reviewA: 1.c 2.h 3.d 4.a 5.b 6.e 7.f 8.gUnit 2VocabularyA:1. monetary regulations ernment bureaucracy3. political stability4. buying habits5. economic situation6. income distribution C:1.d 2.b 3.c 4.b 5.c 6.d 7. d 8. c 9. d 10.d ReadingF: 1 . a 2. a 3. a 4. a 5. aUnit 3P23 vocabularyAPositive meaning: build up, cement, develop, encourage, establish, improve, maintain, promote, restore, resume, strengthen Negative meaning: the rest～～～～～BVery bad Very goodStormy strained cool amicable friendly close excellentC1—5: e d b a eP26 LanguageAa---J: 9 3 2 4 8 1 5 7 10 6B1—5 get on count on build up hold on to put(it) off 6—10 sounded out let(us)down set up draw up call(it)offUnit 4P33Language review1—4: present simple past simple present continuous present perfect P34Vocabulary C1—5: overtook outstripped outbid outvote outmaneuvered6—10: outnumber overbooked overran overcharged oversubscribedUnit 5P40VocabularyA 2—4: e b f h 6—8: g c dB 1. satisfied dissatisfied satisfaction2. motivating motivated motivation3. fulfillment fulfilled unfulfilled4. inspiring inspiration uninspiring5. frustration frustrating frustratedP42 Language reviewA 1—4: c e h b 5—8: d g a fB 1—4: have been conducted be perceived are entered were given5—7: were paid were paid is reducedUnit 6VocabularyB:1. e 2 . f 3 .g 4 . d 5 . c 6 . b 7 . a ReadingB: 1.e 2.g 3. d 4. f 5. a 6. c 7. bP50AWeak moderate stronga bit fairly entirelyslightly increasingly exceptionallymoderately highlyreasonably totallyquite veryrather extremelysomewhatB1. exceptionally, extremely, very2. exceptionally, entirely, highly, totally, very3. fairly, moderately, quite, rather, somewhat4. entirely, totally5. fairly, moderately, quite, reasonablyUnit 7VocabularyB: 2. search engines 3. traffic4, site 5. search 6. key word 7. hits 8.surfers9.on-line 10.directories 11. browse 12.locateC: 1.b 2.a 3. cP58 Language reviewA (先为所有单词排序，从左至右为A到F)A promiseB invitation/requestC speculating about the futureD bargaining 1—6:EF A C D 7—12: C B A/D F E B中的request RevisionP62 Adjective1 persuasive2 coherent articulate eloquent3 inhibited hesitant4 succinct5 lucid6 responsible7 fluent1. fluent2. articulate3. lucid4. inhibited5. succinct6. responsibleP63 Reading1—5: b c d c b 6—10: d b c d bP64 Reading1—7: c b c d c c aP64 Multi-word verbs1.去掉off2.去掉about3.全对4. 去掉for5. 去掉on P65 Prefixes1—4: underperforming overestimated outbid outsource 5—8: undercharged overextended outmaneuvered overrun Passives1. promotion改为promoted2. isolating改为 isolated3. were改为 was4. discussion改为 discussed5. love改为loved6. motivating改为motivated7. be改为being8. assess改为assessedTactful and less~~~~ 1 c,j 2. a,d 3. b,h 4. e,f 5.g,i Intensifying adverbs 1—7:b a e f g d cConditionals1—5:b c b a c 6—12:c a b b c a cReading1—7: c b b a c d aUnit8P69 VocabularyA1-5 b b c a c b 6-12 b b a c a b bB1. ex-president2. bilateral3. predicted4. pro-European5. underdeveloped6. mismanagement7. dishonestCuncommunicative indecisive inefficient unenthusiastic inflexible unfocussedunimaginative disloyal disorganized unpopular impractical unsociable unstable intolerantP72 Language review A1-8 no yes yes no no not sure not sure noB1. should2. might or could3. correct4. must5. correct6. correct7. must8. shouldUnit 10VocabularyA:1. complaints …e2. rapport ...d3. reassure …a4. standards …b5. products . …cB:1.c2. d3. f4.e5.a6. b7. gC:1. get to the bottom of the problem2. pass the buck3. it was the last straw4. slipped my mind5. talking at across purposes6. ripped off7. got straight to the pointLanguage reviewB:1. b 2.a 3.d 4.c Unit 11VocabularyB:1.speed of response2.press conference3.press release4.flow information5.action plan6.contingency plan7.legal action8.admission of liability9.loss of confidence10.damage limitationP96 Language review B1. far2. much3. nowhere near as (远不及)4. slightly5. substantial6. nothing likeUnit 12P101 VocabularyA1. Adjective2. Opposite adjective3. Noun form considerate inconsiderate consideration /considerateness creative uncreative creativity/ creativeness decisive indecisive decisiveness diplomatic undiplomatic diplomacy efficient inefficient efficiency flexible inflexible flexibilityinspiring uninspiring inspiration interested un/disinterested interestlogical illogical logic/logicality organized disorganized organization rational irrational rationality responsible irresponsibleresponsibility sociable unsociable sociability supportive unsupportive supportD1-6 dcabfeP104 Language reviewA 3.empty subjectthe Royal Mail reportpeopleJohn Nicholsonthe reason women don’t like to work for other women the reason women don’t like to work for other women the situation of giving work to other womentry to assert themselves by giving menial tasksB1-7 them they it they we their theyUnit 13Vocabulary1.f2.c3.e4. d5.b6.aListeningA: 1. d 2.a 3. e 4.f 5.c 6.b ReadingC: 1.b 2.b 3.a 4. a 5.a 6.b 7.b D: patible2.odds are stacked againstplementary4.replicateLanguage reviewC:1.d 2. f 3.g 4.l 5.c 6.b7.j 8.a 9.k 10.i 11.e 12.hUNIT B Revision Fixed pairsA: 1.b 2. e 3. c 4.a 5.d 6. f 7. gB: 1.wax and wane2.loud and clear3.hard and fast4.nuts and bolts5.boom and bust6.touch and go7.pros and consNegotiating expressions1.d2. c3.b4.e5.g6.a7.f Reading(P125) 1.d 2.c 3.b 4.a 5. c 6.b 7.d Reading(P126) 1.c 2.d 3.b 4.b 5.c 6.b 7.c8.a Comparisons 1.g 2.e 3. d 4.f 5.a 6.c 7.b OppositesB:1.disobedience2.illegalities3.impatiencermality5.irresponsibility6.unfairnessText reference1.b2.c3. e4.aPresentation language1.h2.f3.g4.e5.a6.d7.b8.c Reading(P129) 1.b 2.a 3.c 4.a 5.c 6.b 7.d。
Unit1Lead-in（书第5页）Listen to the following passage, and identify which pictures are mentioned in it. Then in groups, discuss the questions below.• What is the job situation like in China? Is it the same as or different from / to the situation mentioned in the passage?• Is there any kind of job that people often joke about in China?• What prejudices do people have about certain kinds of job?Listen to the passage again, and then fill in the blanks numbered from 1 to 6 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 7 to 8, fill in the missing information. You can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words.In Britain, people tend to make jokes about some jobs or professions, or to 1) hold stereotyped views of them. For example, sailors are 2) supposed to have a “wife” in every port, university professors are often seen as 3) absent-minded or forgetful. There are a lot of dirty jokes about sales representatives, and they are generally regarded as not particularly 4) dependable Other jobs may be well-paid or very 5) responsible , but the general public think they are funny or rather 6) boring. For instance, in most other European countries. 7) engineers are assumed to have a good profession） . Funnily enough, in Britain engineers are thought of as gloomy rather than cheerful 8) as people don’t know the importance of engineers in society第四题答案（书第12页）Answer: 1. media 2. images 3. abusive 4. fulfilling 5. recognition 6. status 7. stresses 8. aware 9. deserve第五题答案（书第13页）Answer: 1. obligation 2. applauded 3. fulfilled 4. mirror 5. flexibility 6. devalue7. striving8. entailed9. supposedly10. Consequently第六题答案（书第13页）Answer: 1. referred to as 2. at best 3. by the same token 4. at large 5. held up ... as第十三题答案（书20页）Answer: 1. redefined 2. sphere 3. accomplishment 4. opposite 5. Playmates 6. emotionally7. equality8. initiative9. status10. change第十四题答案（书21页）Answer: 1. redefined 2. sphere 3. accomplishment 4. opposite 5. playmates6. emotionally7. equality8. initiative9. status10. change第十五题答案（书21页）Answer: 1. in the way 2. falling apart 3. have ruled out 4. at this rate 5. took up第十七题Translate the following paragraphs into Chinese.Mounting evidence suggests that men and women think differently, and this seems to hold true in the unfortunate case of prejudice. New research by evolutionary psychologists at Michigan State University suggests that prejudice in men tends to be linked to aggression, while prejudice in women tends to be linked to fear. These researchers propose a “male warrior hypothesis” in order to explain how our history of group conflict may have shaped male and female psychologies in distinct ways.Essentially, men are more likely to start wars and to defend their own group, sometimes in very risky and self-sacrificial ways. Attacking other groups represents an opportunity to offset these costs by gaining access to mates, territory, resources and increased status. Women, meanwhile, live under the threat of sexual coercion by foreign aggressors, and are apt to display a“tend-and-befriend response”toward members of their own group, while maintaining a fear of strangers in order to protect themselves and their offspring.Answer:越来越多的证据显示男人和女人的想法不同，这似乎适用于偏见这种令人遗憾的情况。
