英语单项知识的讲解与练习(111)

英语单项知识的讲解与练习（116）576. direct的用法directvt. &vi. 导演；指示；指挥; adj.直接的；笔直的；坦率的例句：①I' m in direct contact with the hijackers.我与劫机者保持着直接联系.②Keep product away from direct sunlight and store in a dry cool place.置放在不受阳光直射,干燥通风的地方。

③The guide directed our attention to the other picture.讲解员要我们注意另一幅画.④He directed the building of the new bridge.他指挥修建这座桥。

短语：direct+ sb./ sth. +to do sth. 指示/命令某人/物做某事; direct +that sb. (should) do sth./ sth. (should) be done指示某人做某事（虚拟语气）; direct against 把…对准,针对…；direct attacks against 把进攻的目标对准…；direct against fort 对准堡垒；direct a gun against 把枪对准…；direct at 把…对准,对…讲〔写〕；direct remarks at 把话针对…说；direct by 出于；direct to 给…指路,对…讲〔写〕；direct a letter to 把信寄至…；direct to sb's address 指向某人的地址；direct to the post office 指去邮局的路；direct toward 向…指导,指向…；direct efforts towards 努力是为了…；direct steps towards 朝…走去；用法：①direct表示“命令”时，后可以引导that从句，从句要用shall 或should或虚拟现在式。

英语单项知识的讲解与练习（123）611. envy 的用法envy 妒忌、羡慕。

例句：①They envy him his good fortune.他们羡慕他的好运气。

②I envy her ability to dance in front of a crowd.她在众人面前所展现的的舞技令我羡慕不已。

③He was filled with envy at my success.他对我的成功满怀羡慕。

④His new house was the envy of all his friends.他的新居成了所有朋友羡慕的对象。

短语：envy you your success/ envy your success/ envy you for your success/ envy you on account of your success 羡慕(妒忌)你的成功；the envy of somebody 某人的羡慕或妒忌；A’s envy of B，A 对B 的羡慕或妒忌；feel envy at 对……感到羡慕或妒忌；out of envy出于妒忌；hide her envy of me隐藏对我的妒忌；green with envy十分妒忌；be envious of羡慕……、妒忌……；envy sb. doing/for sth. 忌妒或羡慕某人做某事; with envy 羡慕地；忌妒地; be the envy of 是令人羡慕/忌妒的事物; envy at sb's success 羡慕某人的成功;in〔with〕envy 嫉妒；用法：①envy与the连用，表示羡慕、妒忌令人羡慕的人或物。

②envy和否定词连用时,常表示一种温和的惋惜、同情,也常表示庆幸自己未曾遭遇到对方那样的麻烦或不幸。

③envy作及物动词时,意思是“忌妒,羡慕”,后可接简单宾语、双宾语,也可以在宾语后接for加动名词等结构,但不能接从句。

英语单项知识的讲解与练习（112）556. deliver的用法delivervt.接生(小孩)；递送；发表(演说等)例句：①The mailman delivers letters and parcels every morning.邮差每天早晨递送信件和包裹。

②He delivered a long prose.他发表了一篇冗长乏味的演讲。

③We deliver the goods in batches.我们分批交付货物。

④Education delivered him from ignorance.教育把他从无知中解救出来。

⑤She delivered twins in the evening.晚上她生了一对双胞胎。

短语：deliver a baby 接生小孩；生小孩; deliver sth. to...把某物送到…; express delivery 快递; on delivery送达时；货到时; deliver on one's pledge (or promise)履行诺言；deliver oneself of an opinion发表意见；deliver a blow at one's enemy给予敌人一个打击；deliver as 作为…播送；deliver sb from danger 救某人出险；deliver sb from pains 解除某人的痛苦；deliver sb into the hand of the police 把某人引渡给警察；deliver sb of fear 消除某人的恐惧；deliver on 履行,实行；deliver over to the police 把(某人)交给警察；deliver oneself to 向…投案自首；deliver to sb's house 送到家；用法：①deliver可用作不及物动词,也可用作及物动词。

【导语】新概念英语之所以经久不衰是因为以其全新的教学理念，有趣的课⽂内容和全⾯的技能训练，为英语学习者排忧解难，深受⼴⼤英语学习者的欢迎和喜爱。

想要学好英语的你，怎能错过？快来加⼊学习吧！为您提供了以下内容，希望能够为⼤家学习新概念英语提供帮助！ 新概念英语第⼀册第111-112课重点词汇学习 Word study afford v. (1)买得起;付得起(钱)： She can't afford a new coat. 她买不起⼀件新⼤⾐。

We are not rich enough to afford a car. 我们并不太富有，不能购置汽车。

(2)担负得起(时间等)： I feel I can' t afford any more time on this project. 我觉得我不能再在这个项⽬上花更多的时间。

We can't afford such enormous fees. 我们⽆法负担如此巨额的费⽤。

deposit (1)n.预付定⾦;押⾦;保证⾦： He put down a deposit on the house yesterday. 昨天他付了房⼦的定⾦。

You'll have to pay a deposit of $ 60 to reserve the room 要预定这个房间，你需交付60美⾦的押⾦。

(2)v.存放;存储： We were advised to deposit our valuables in the bank safe 别⼈建议我们将⾃⼰的贵重物品存放在银⾏的保险箱⾥。

(3)付(保证⾦);预付(定⾦)： I deposited $ 1,500 on a new car. 我付了1,500美⾦作为购新车的定⾦。

新概念英语第⼀册第112课课后练习答案 Key to written exercises A 1 This book is cheap, but that one is cheaper. 2 This book is expensive, but that one is more expensive. 3 This question is easy, but that one is easier. 4 This question is difficult, but that one is more difficult. B 1 Is the policeman as tall as the policewoman? No, he isn't. The policeman isn't as tall as the policewoman. 2 Is the man as short as the woman? No, he isn't. The man isn't as short as the woman. 3 Is the boy as old as the girl? No, he isn't. The boy isn't as old as the girl. 4 Is the red pencil as blunt as the green pencil? No, it isn' t. The red pencil isn't as blunt as the green pencil. 5 Is the blue car as clean as the red car? No, it isn't. The blue car isn't as clean as the red car. 6 Is the woman as fat as the man? No, she isn't. The woman isn't as fat as the man. C 1 No, it isn't . It is more expensive. It's the most expensive radio I've ever seen. 2 No, he isn't. He is more intelligent. He's the most intelligent person I've ever met. 3 No, it isn't. It is more interesting. It's the most interesting book I've ever read. 4 No, it isn't. It is less difficult. It's the least difficult test I've ever done.。

专业英语四级（语法与词汇）模拟试卷111(题后含答案及解析) 题型有： 4. GRAMMAR & VOCABULARYPART IV GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY (15 MIN)Directions: There are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence.1．Which of the following sentences is INCORRECT?A．Fifteen miles seems like a long walk to me.B．John, as much as his brothers, was responsible for the loss.C．Neither you, nor I, nor anyone else was awarded the prize.D．Enough of the data has been collected.正确答案：D解析：主谓一致。

A项中，当名词词组中心词为表示度量、时间等复数名词时，可以根据意义一致的原则，把这些复数名词看作一个整体，谓语动词采用单数形式；B项中，当主语后跟有as well as，as much as，rather than，more than，no less than等引导的介词短语时，其谓语动词形式依主语的单复数而定；C项中，由or, either…or…，neither…nor…，not only…but also…连接的并列主语的主谓一致，按就近原则处理。

D项中，当名词词组中心词是all，most，half或者the rest，the remainder等，其主谓一致关系一般遵循意义一致的原则：如果所指为复数意义，动词用复数形式；反之，用单数。

(完满word版)人教版七年级下册英语1单元知识点总结及练习题,介绍文档一、词汇拓展（1〕 teach v教.；解说→ teacher n.教师（2〕 write v.写作；写→ writer n.作者；作家（3〕 sing v.唱，唱歌→ singer n.歌手，歌星（4〕 music n.音乐→ musician n.音乐家（5〕 violin n. 小提琴→ violinist n. 小提琴手（6〕 piano n.钢琴→ pianist n.钢琴家二、短语〔 1〕art club艺术俱乐部〔2〕swimming club游泳俱乐部（3〕 do Chinese kung fu 练中国功夫（4〕 English-speaking student 讲英语的学生 P〔 5〕 play the piano 弹钢琴〔6〕play the drums敲鼓〔 7〕 play sports 进行体育运动〔8〕play basketball打篮球（9〕 play computer games 玩电子游戏〔10〕 play chess 下国际象棋（11〕make friends with sb.与某人交朋友〔 12〕talk to sb.与某人说话〔 13〕speak English 讲英语〔14〕tell stories讲故事（15〕have time 有空；有时间同 be free（16〕gelp sb.wath sth.帮助某人做某事，〔 17〕learn about 学习方面的知识〔18〕call sb.at..打〔〕给 ......〔 19〕be good with sb.与某人相处得好〔 20〕a little 一点点；少量的〔 21〕at the old people's home在敬老院〔22〕 on Sunday在星期天，〔 23〕on weekends在周末〔24〕after school 在放学后〔 25〕be busy doing 忙于做某事be busy with sth. 忙于某事（26〕what about / how about doing sth. 做怎么样〔 27〕be good with sb.和某人相处好be good to sb.对某人友好for sb./ sth. 对有益〔有好处〕be good at (doing) sth. 擅长 (做)某事be good三、知识点play 的用法(1)西洋乐器名词前必定加 theplay the piano 弹钢琴play the guitar 弹吉他play the violin 拉小提琴play the drums 敲鼓(2) 语言、学科、三餐饭、球类名词前不加Play basketball 打篮球Play football 踢足球【拓展】 play chess 下棋play cards 打牌the。

英语单项知识的讲解与练习（110）546. defeat的用法defeatvt.击败；打败；使（计划、希望）落空例句：①This defeat was a powerful blow to the enemy.这次失败是对敌人的有力的打击。

②The news of army's defeat cast a gloom over the town.军队败北的消息给小城蒙上了一层忧郁。

③They are still wailing over their defeat.他们仍在为比赛失利而悲叹。

④It was a sound strategy to defeat the enemy.那是战胜敌人的良策。

短语：defeat by 以…战胜；defeat by three goals to one 以三比一的比分战胜；defeat in a match 在比赛中战胜；defeat in badminton 在羽毛球赛中打输了；defeat in one's design 计划落空；defeat in one's purpose 未达到目的；defeat in one's scheme 阴谋破产；defeat sb of an inheritance 剥夺某人的继承权；defeat sb of ultimate 由于坏脾气使某人不能取得胜利；defeat through having no reinforcements 由于无援；defeat at sb's hands 败于某人手下；defeat in battle 战斗失败；defeat in game 比赛失败；defeat sb at football 在足球比赛中击败某人；用法：①defeat是及物动词,接名词或代词作宾语,可用于被动结构。

②defeat用作名词的基本意思是表示“战胜”的行为。

从胜方角度看可表示“战胜”; 从败方角度看可表示“战败”。

一、单复数（偶尔会考，但是错的概率还蛮高的，因为看起来简单，其实更容易忘记。

）1、名词单复数I like bananas (banana) very much. That is an apple (apple).2、be动词单复数（这里要注意过去时，不要忘记看后面的时态）There is (be) a pair of shoes under the bed. Here is (be) some water for you.I am (be) very glad to see you. Tom and I are (be) in the same class. Where were (be) you just now? I was (be) in the playground.3、代词单复数These(this) are rulers. Liu Tao is doing his(their) homework.二、名词所有格（这种题型的更容易错，我的学生就经常错在这个题型上，不是不会做，而是要忘记。

）This is Helen’s (Helen) scarf. Happy Children’s(children) Day.三、人称代词和物主代词1．人称代词—主格(在句中作主语，陈述句中一般在开头，一般疑问句中一般是第二个单词……)We(our) milked cows on the farm yesterday. Does she(her) have a new bike? Which pen do you(your) like? On Christmas Day I(my) got many presents.2．人称代词—宾格(在句中作宾语，一般用在动词或介词后)Let me(mine) have a look. David is behind her(she).3．物主代词—形容词性(用在名词前)What is your(you) job? Miss Li is their(them) English teacher.4．物主代词—名词性（相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”）The teapot is his(he). Yours(your) is over there.四、基数词和序数词1．基数词表示数量There are five(fifth) birds in the tree.2．序数词表示顺序March is the third(three) month in a year.常见序数词first second third （不要拼错了，学作文时也可以用）五、动词—时态（时态也是一个非常重要的一点，一定要在考试时注意。

1Chinese1There are fifty six in China.普通：一类人/事物 固有名称A. peopleB. peoplesC. people ' sD. of个体：stude nt table people物质：water air rain 2.There is not enough in the corner to put the table.抽象（动状态，品future help health A. place B. room C. floor 集合：class people familyD. ground表示的事物的性3.The new pair of which I bought yesterday is i made 可数:a pen two boxes （可直接用数字计) of不可数ink workA. glasses; glassB. glass; glassC. glasses; glassesD. 用量数+of 表示数量 a piece of paper; a bottle of water; three glass; glassescups of tea4.The Whites to China for holiday this summer.Here is a bottle of wine.A. is going to flyB. flyC. are going to flyD. flies a little minutesthe Great WallFrance,two dogs, and,some 名词 专有：人/事物/地点/机构 Tianjin There are four glasses of milk. I need a box of apples. There are two baskets of eggs on the table. 可数名词：单数 复数：规则与不规则 规则： 直接+ s 以s x sh ch 结尾 + es maps bags brushes watches boxes buses 5. He told us he had some a cow on his farm. A. sheeps; chickens B. sheep; chickens C. sheep; chicken D. sheeps; chicken6. There have been a lot of _______ in our city since 1990.A, woman doctors B. woman doctor C. women doctor D. women doctors 7.(boys)辅音字母+ y 结尾，把 y 变 i + escities families以f, (roofs, handkerchiefs) 以o fe 结尾,把f, fe 变 v + es knives leaves8. 结尾 + es potatoes tomatoes (pianos, photos, radios ） 不规则：children human beings ） 单复数一样： 形式单数意义复数 feet teeth mice men women Frenchmen (Germans, These visitors are from ____________ . But they are probably not _______, because they speak ___ .A. German; German; FrenchB. Germany; Germen; FranceC. Germany; Germans; FrenchD. German; Germans; France They got much ______ from those new books.A. ideasB. photo D. messageIf there is a big football match, several C. information Chinese Japanese fish deer sheep :cattle police people The people here are very friendly.以复数形式出现 :clothes, glasses, shoes, stockings, trousers His clothes are over there. 名词所有格：有生命的东西的名词 + ‘s 表示谁的 Toni sfriends; the students books; the teacher 'office; the students ' reading room 表几个人共有一样东西 :Bei and Rong ' s room is very clean. 表各自所有:Liu ' s and Peng ' s mothers are both teachers. 省略:避免重复 This is not my brother but my husband ' s. 表示店铺, 某人家时 the doctor ' s (office); the Green the tailor ' s (shop) 指时间，距离的名词也可用名词所有格Beijing ' s population; five minutes ' walk; today 表无生命的东西的名词所有关系，用of 形式 The leg of the table; the cover of the book 双重所有格：of 短语+名词所有格a friend of my sister 'a picture of Mrs. Wang s picture of Mrs. Wang) 名词在句子中的作用The teacher taught us an English song yesterday.My daughter likes Chinese.Linda was elected monitor. We named her Beibei. We would like to visit a car factory. John David, a famous America singer, died in an aircraft crash. 词练习题 例题： 9. traffic. A. hundreds polices B. hundreds police hundred police 10. The old teacher is a friend ofA. my eldest broth er 'C. my eldest brothers11. This book will beA. of great use importance 12.will watch theC. hundred policesD. B. my eldest brother D. my eldest brothers in your studies.B. of helpfulC. with careD. great 's glass 13. The teachers who are coming to us are ______ mothers.A. Rose and Dick ' sB. Rose ' s and DickC. 'Rose and DicksD. Rose and Dick----- Is this _______ newspaper? 's (house)— --- Y es, it ' s my . A. today ' s; fatBetoday ' today; father 's newspapte r The new shop sells ________ A. women B. women ' s s; father C.today; father D. clothes and shoes. s C. womens (a Please keep quiet. If you make a lot of __________ , you may disturb others.A. voiceB. noiseC. soundD. singing ----- Would you like some drinks, boys? ----- Yes, _______ , please.A. some orangesB. two boxes of chocolatesC. some cakesD. twobottles of orange This is _______ room. The twin sisters like it very much. A. Lucy ' s and Lily ' s B. Lucy ' s and Lily C. Lucy and Lily ' s After playing football for more than a half hour, the students took rest. A. a few minute 'Bsa few minutes 'C. a little minute D'. s D. womari 15. It is about ______ walk from here to the station. A. half an hours B. a half hours C.'half a hour D. s half s What ______ we are having today! A. the fine weather B. a fine weather C. fine a weather D. weatherhour 16. an fine )1. _____ are going to England for a holiday. A. The Wang B. Wang ' C . The Wang ' s D. The Wangs )2. There are many ________________ in the school. A. women teachers B. woman teachers C.women teacherD. woman teacher ( )3. _____ turn yellow in autumn. A. Leaf B. Leaves C. LeaveD. Leafs ( )4. Will you please show me the way to the _____ shop? A. shoe B. shoes ' C. shoes D. shoe ' s ( )5. Help yourselves to some _____ , dear children! A. fishs B. fishes C. fish D. the fish ( )6. _____ hard work it is! A. What a B. How C. What D. How a ( )7. Do you believe that there are two _____ in my class? A. Maries B. Marys C. Mary ' s D. Marys ' ( )8. His family _____ a happy one.A. beB. areC. isD. was ( )10. My grandparents like _____ very much, so they grow some in their _____ garden every year.2 A. vegetable, vegetable B. vegetable, vegetablesC. vegetables, vegetablesD. vegetables, vegetabl冠词不可独立使用，放在名词前不定冠词 a an定冠词：the不定冠词用法:a + 一般名词an +发音以元音音素开头的名词a house; a university; a book; an hour; an umbrella; an apple1. 第一次提到某人，某物There is a ball under the chair.Mrs. Li is a math teacher.2•代表某类人/物A horse is a useful animal.Even a child can answer this question.3. 表示每一的Take this medicine three times a day.4. 固定词组（平时积累）have a rest; a long time; a few; a lot of; a bit; go out for a walk定冠词the 这个;那个;这些;那些1. 特指某个人/某物；谈话双方都知道的事物；重复提到过的人/事物They are playing basketball. The ball is hers.Would you please take the book to Mr. Liu? There isa table by the window. On the table there are somebooks.2. 用在世界上独一无二的事物前；方位名词前Liu Beibei wants to visit the Summer Palace.The sun sets in the west.3. 用在单数可数名词前，表示某类人或事物The computer is a very useful machine.The elephant is bigger than the horse.4. 用在序数词，形容词或副词最高级或only修饰的名词前This is the first time he visits Europe.He is the best teacher they have ever met.She is the only teacher who has been to bothAmerica and Britain.5. 用在乐器前My daughter likes to play the piano.（表球类，棋类名词前不用）6. the + adj表示某类人或事物the poor; the young; the wounded7. the +姓氏复数形式，表示…一家人或夫妇The Greens are watching TV now.The Wangs are kind to us.8. 专有名词前The Yellow River; the Red Sea; The people ' sRepublic of China; The Great Wall.9. 习惯用语in the morning; in the afternoon; on the right（at night; at noon; at midnight）零冠词现象1. 表某一类人或事物复数名词前（泛指）Girls like flowers.2. 国名,人名前Mary likes to live in China.3. 名词前已有this, that, these, those, my, some, any,his等代词作定语修饰时I have no classes every Sunday.I have been teaching English in this school foreighteen years.4. 在抽象名词或物质名词前She and her husband both like music.（Tom likes the music of the film.）Paper is made of wood. 5. 星期月份，季节，节假日前I was born in November.It is very hot in summer here.6. 表头衔，职务前This is Mr. Liu, manager of this company.7. 三歺球类前Have breakfast. Play foot ball8. 固定词组Go to school; work day and night; go to bed; by train 用适当的冠词填空，不需要冠词的空白处填“X'：1. The car is running about sixty miles _________ hour.2. My friend is interested in __________ science.3. Don' tworry; we still have _________ little time left.Hurry up; we have _____ little time left.4. John is _____ cleverest boy in his class.5. March 8 is _________ Women ' s Day.6. _______ Greens will come to see you tomorrow.7. Here is _____ black blouse; _______ blouse is hers.8. They always have ____________ bread for_________ dinner.9.I prefer playingbasketball.piano to playing1harder we study, more we'll learn.11We can' t see sun at night.A. a; /B. a; theC. the; /D. the; the12Students often play volleyball in afternoon.A. /; anB. /; theC. the; anD. a; theIs Canada _______ English speaking country.A. /B. aC. anD. the4. This is _____ orange. It is _______ small orange.A. an; anB. an; aC. /; theD. the; a5. ___ UN report says that there will be standingroom only on ____ earth then.A. A; theB. A; /C. An; /D. An; the.There is _______ x in ______________ word sixA. a; theB. a; anC. an; theD. a; a8. Look! ______ fine weather it is today!A. What aB. whatC. how aD. how9. ___ Yellow River is ___ second longest river in China.A. The; theB. /; aC. The; aD. The; /10. John Smith is __ of the two young men.A. strongB. a strongerC. the strongerD. the strongest1. --What color is _______ orange? ——It ' s______ ora nge.A. an; anB. an; theC. an; /D. /; an2. Look! ____ good time the children are having!A. HowB. How aC. WhatD. What a3. London is ___ capital of ______England.A. the; theB. a; aC. a; theD. the; /4. There ' re __ few mistakes （错误）in your homework. Don ' t make __ same mistakes again.continentB. The; theC.A./; the/;/ D. /; aWhat fine weather we have these days!A.a B. the C./ D. anGreens are on visit to a beautiful city in China.A./; a B. A; the C.The; a D. the; /India and China are of ___________ sameA. a; aB. a; theC. the; theD. /; the5. ___ Most of the students in our class go to ______ school by bike every day.A. /; /B. the; aC. /; aD. the; the6. Don' tgive up. You can try for __________ second time.A. theB. anC. aD. /7. She took me by __ hand and led me into ______ room.A. my; aB. the; theC. a; theD. my; the8. What ___ interesting game it is! It must be __great fun.A. an; aB. a; theC. the; /D. an; /9. The house in _____ front of the river is on _______ fire.A. /; /B. the; theC. the; /D. /; a10. He often says ______ r ich should help _________ poor.A. the; aB. a; theC. the; theD. /; /11. —What can you see by the lake?—I can see ____ old man sitting on the chair. (2000杭州)A. aB. anC. theD. /12. —Have you had ______ lunch yet? ---No, notyet. (2000 广州)A. /B. aC. theD. an13. One morning he found a bag. There was _ “ s” onthe corner of _ bag. (2000 甘肃)A. a; aB. a; theC. an; aD. an; the14. There ' s ______ egg on the plate. ____ egg is for you. (2000 内蒙古)A. a; AB. an; AnC. an; TheD. the;An15. Did you enter for (报名/进入，参加) ______ high jump or ____ 400-metre race? (2000 上海)A. a; aB. a; theC. the; aD. the; the16. __ old man in black has waited for you for halfhour. (2001 汕头)A. The; anB. The; aC. An; aD. An;不填17. ____ elephant is _____ u seful animal. (2002 汕头)A. An; anB. An; aC. The; anD. A; an 18. —I saw _ story- book on the teacher ' s desk?— __ b ook is Li Ming ' s. (20汕头)A. a; AB. the; TheC. the; AD. a;TheA. in the front ofB. in frontC. in front ofD. at front the ( )9. September 10th is _____ in China.A. Teachers ' Dayeacher ' s CayTeacher Day D. the Teachers ' Day( )10. People often go skating in _____ winter.A. /B. aC. anD. the代词人称/物主/指示/反身/疑问/相互/不定人称代词：数/格/人称主格/宾格/单数/复数/人称I teach them English.Do you want to go there with us?Who is that? It is me.Who are you? I am your new neighbour.I choose you four. The rest stay here.She is from China.Where is Liu Jing? He has gone to France.She bought a new watch last week, but she lost it yesterday.It is going to snow.（时间/天气/自然/距离）It is sunny today. It is half past four. It is not far from my home to the school.Who is it? It is me.（指代不太清楚的人）Is it your new teacher?物主代词表达所有关系形容词性my your his her its our their相当于形容词，作定语，后接名词名词性mine yours his hers its ours theirs 相当于形容词性物主代词+名词My students, his familyTheir classroom is big. Ours is bigger. （our classroom）These books are not his. They are mine.There is something wrong with my car. Can I use yours? 指示代词This that （时间/空间距我们较近的人或事物）these those （时间/空间距我们较远的人或事物）This/that is a horse.I like these but he likes those.What I need is this.Have you read those books?That/those可代替前面提到过的名词以避免重复The weather of Tianjin is colder than that of Wuhan.The cars made in Japan are as good as those made in Germany.This/that可用来表示程度Is she that tall?The book is about this thick.That可用来代替句子或句子中的一部分He caught a cold. That ' s why he could not come. 不定代词不具体指明代替任何特定的名词或形容词的代词some/any/no/nonesome/anysome 用于肯定句中He has some English books,but he has not any French books.Any用于否定句或疑问句中Do you have any paper and pens?Would you like some coffee?Some +单数可数名词表示某个Some lady asked to see you yesterday.19. There is _____ man over there, ____ man is fromRenhua, and he is studying in ________ BeijingUniversity.A. the, the ,theB. a, a, aC. a , the, theD. a, the, /( )1. Sunday is _____ day of the week.A. oneB. the firstC. firstD. the one( )2. Which is ______ , the sun, the earth or the moon?A. biggerB. biggestC. the biggestD. big ()3. There is a desk in his bedroom. On ________ desk there is ____ pencil-box.A. a, theB. the, theC. the, aD. a, a( )4. What _____ g ood idea it is!A. aB. anC. theD. /( )5. Yesterday I went to _______ s chool on ______ foot.A. the, theB. /, /C. a, /D. the, /( )7. Though he is rich, he has _____ friends.A. a littleB. a fewC. a lot ofD. few( )8. There is a tall tree _____ our classroom.There must be some reason for this.No/noneNo = not any可数/不可数名词None主语:宾语There is no money in the box.No car is 100% safe.None of them is/are good at English.She needs some money, but there is none at hand.All my friends like music. All my friends do not like music. Not all myNone of my friends like music.Many/muchMany +可数名词复数Much + 不可数名词She has many friends.There is not much water in the bottle.Few/a few 修饰或代替可数名词Little/a little —词主宾疋数量相对而言He has a few friends, but he has few good friends.There is a little water here, you may drink it.There is little time left, please be quick.We have quiet a few books to read. （许多）We have only a few minutes left.Very few people know about it.There is only a little （very little） water in the bottle. Both/either/neither两者都/两者中的一个/两者都不These tow books are very interesting. I like both.Both of them are right.Neither of them is good at English.Here are two tickets. You may take either of them.Both her brothers are teachers.Neither of her brothers is a teacher.Both her brothers are not teachers.Any/none/all用于三者或三者以上They are all tired, but none of them will stop to have a rest.I am free for the whole week. You can come on any day. All/both三者/两者或以上All the teachersAll of the teachersBoth the teachersBoth of the teachersBe动词后，实义动词前They all went there by plane.They are both teachers.The friends have both been invited.Each/every强调个别/强调全体There are many flowers on each side of the streets. Every student has to take the exam.Each of children was given a cake.The boys have five books each.They each have five books.Each of them （the boys） has five books.One代替可数名词，避免重复Ones/one ' s/oneselfI don ' t have a pen. Can you lend me one?There are two old books and a new one on the desk. One must do one ' s duty.One should not praise oneself.Another/the other/the others另一个，又一个（众多中）/两者中一个/其余所有的几个This sweater is too small. Could you show me another one?The boy has three toy guns. One is green. Another is yellow. The third is black.There are 2 foreign students in the class. One is fromFrance. The other is from Britain.There are many people in the park. Some are singing. Others are dancing.There are 20 students in our class. Ten are boys. The others are girls.合成代词Somebody someone anybody看作单数，做主宾定There is nothing in the box.Nobody wants to read it.A. one theseD. that7. The players fromfrom Asia.A. those thatD. they8. He found ______problem by _______ .A. that; ourselvesB. thoseC.Europe are taller thanB. theseC.impossible to work out theB. it; myselfC.疑问代词who whom whose what which Who 主who will come here?Who m 宾who/whom did you see yesterday?Who se 疋whose book is it?What 什么what are you looking at?Whic h 哪一个which teacher is your favoriteteacher?反身代词谁自己〜selfMyself himself yourself herself itself ourselves yourselves themselvesThe children enjoyed themselves at the party.The cake was made by the mother herself.相互代词：表互相Each otherOne anotherYou should help each other in your lessons.They are interested in one another ' s work. The students ' barbers cut each other ' s hair. 代词练习题例题It used to be ____________ apartment, but nowit ' _s ____ .A. hers; mineB. her; mineC. her; myD. hers; myThe population of China is much larger than of Russia.A. thisB. thoseC. itD. that----- Is _______ here?----- No, Tom and Jack have asked for leave.A. anybodyB. everybodyC. somebodyD.nobody----- Which do you prefer, coffee or cola?----- ----------- , thanks. I ' d like a cup of tea.A. EitherB. bothC. NeitherD. None it; himself D. that; himself9. _____ took us two hours to repair the refrigerator.A. ThisB. It ' sC. ThatD. It10. ----- Who is singing in the next room?----- ----------- must be Mary.A. SheB. ThisC.It D. He11. ----- Hello, may I speak to Peter?----- Hello, ______ Peter speaking.A. I ' mB. this isC. that ' sD. its12. ----- When shall we go fishing next week,Saturday or Sunday?----- ----------- day is OK. You decide.A. NeitherB. either.C. bothD. all13. There are forty pupils in Class 3.__________ of them are Young Pioneers.A. AllB. EitherC. BothD. Each14. You can take _______ of the two bags, butleave one to your sister.A. eachB. bothC. neitherD. either15.16.17.don'----- Which do you prefer, coffee or milk?----- ----------- , thanks. I ' d like some cool water. A.Either --------- B. NeitherD. None----- Is he interested in all the games?----- No. he likes _______ .A. allB. anyD. neither______ of us has been told aboutt know it at all.A. bothB.nobodyC. BothC.noneit, so weC. Each1. ______ bedroom is larger than _______ .A. Our; yourB. Yours; theirsC.Theirs; ours D. Their; oursThe colour2. ---------- Li Gang and Wang Lin have been away.They can ' t help us with the work.----- Let ' s do it ______ .A. ourselves yourselves D. myself 3. Look at the cat.B. themselvesC.Washing18. of theirs.A. thatthese19. Grannyyellow _____A. oneD. None ofLingling s'skirt is different fromB. thisC.LiD. thosekeeps one white cat and threeB. onceC.one20.D. onespaws.A. Its; itsB. It; itsC. It ' s; itsD. It ' s; it ' s4. All the students have gone to the Science Museum except _______ .A. her and hisB. him and meC. she and himD. he and I5. ______ will be sent to Germany for the training.A. I, you and heB. He, I and youC. You, shes----- Would you like a banana?----- No, thank you. I ' ve already had .A. oneB. itC. that21. playground?---- Yes, I can see _______ .A. any; a fewB. any; fewand I D. I, you and they6. The population of China is larger than of India.D. this---- Can you see students on theC. some; littleD. any; any22. If Lintao can' t win the race, does want a go?A. else everybodyB. somebody elseC.else anybody D. anybody else23. Here are two letters, Bob,__________ is for youand ______ is for your father.A. one; anotherB. one; the secondC. one; the otherD. one; others 24. After supper some people like to stay at home watching TV. liketo go out for a walk. A. another B. other C.Qomolangma, but only _______have succeeded.A. many aB. few D. muchC. 29 ----- May I use your pencil sharpener?----- Ye s. I have two, and you can us e of them.A. everyB. all C an yD. either30of the five girls knows how to ge tthere.A. allB. neither C bothD. none 31. I have four cousins. One is a lawyer, _______ isan artist, ______ are workers. A. the other; the others B. another; othersC. another; the othersD. the other; others32. This pair of glasses is too dark. Could you showme _______ / A. the others B. another one C. the other D. another pair33. Miss Gao gave the exam papers to all the pupils except who hadnot passed the exam.A. the onesB. onesD. the otherC. them to 34.— —I ' m very thirsty. Could I havedrink?― —What would you ― — will do.A. anything; somethingB.somethin g; anythingC. something; somethingD. anything; anything35. -------- What are you doing here, Mary and Kate? ------------- We are looking at _______ pictures. A. each ' s otheB. each other 'C.s each otherD. each ' s other ' sothers D. the others25“ H s the tallest in the class mean s than in the calss ”.A. every boyB. any studentsC. eachboy D. any other student26Let ' ask Jim about the Internet. He knows about it.A. a fewB. fewC.a little D. little27I can ' tgive you any ink because I have left.A. littleB. fewC.a little D. a few28 A lot of climbers have tried to climb theHe ' s taller数词数词表示数目的多少和顺序的词分为基数词和序数词基数词：表示数目或数量的词从十三至十九：以teen结尾逢十都以ty结尾二十一至九十九：十位与个位之间加连字符hundred thousand million billion读法：每三位隔开十位与百位之间加and26,256,352序数词：表示顺序或第几用法第一，第二，第三，其他加基数词后加th注意第五,第八，第九，第十二fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth 二十，三十等：y变i +eth多位数时只变个位缩略形式：阿拉伯数字加最后两位字母读法：Lesson 2, the second lesson Page 53, the fifty-third page Room 605 Bus 5Telephone number: 2225553分数读法：分子用基数分母用序数1/2 a half 1/3 onethird 2./4 two quarters（）/5 two fifths 五又四分之五five and four fifths小数：0.12 0.32百分比：percent sixty percent加减乘除:Five and ten is fifteen. Five plus ten equals fifteen. Five and ten make fifteen.Seven minus one equals six. Seven minus one is six.Five times six equals thirty.Ten divided by five equals two.日期表示法：1990年3月14日March 14 1990（）9 世纪the nineteenth centuryIn the 1990s时刻表达法：练习：This table is about ____________________ （四英尺长，三英尺高，五英No body believes that ________________ （一个八岁的小男孩）can do so well.We can see ______________ （数以千记的）stars at night.Our office is _____ （和平路3 3 号）（第八课） ____ is the simplest lesson of the book.My daughter was born ___________ （1995 年4 月5 日）He gets up ___________ （6:25） and goes to school _________ （7:00）You can take _________ （685 公共汽车）to go to the department store.This story happened in Guangzhou _________ （1996 年9月）How much is _______ （30-5）例题There are abouttwo school.A. thousand thousand ofIn our class ____ of the students are girls.A. three fifthsB. three fifthC. third fiveD. third fifthsBoth of the two rules are broken. I want to buy a ___ one.A. threeD. 不填数词练习1 There are ___ days in a year.A. three hundreds sixty-fivB. three hundreds and sixty-fiveC. three hundred and sixty-fiveD. three hundred and sixty five2 There are ___ students in this school.A. eight hundreds and forty-sixB. eight hundred and forty sixC. eight hundred and forty-sixD. eight hundred forty-six3 _____ p eople visit this museum every day.A. HundredB. HundredsC. Hundred ofD. Hundreds of4 There are two __ people in the meeting room.A. hundredB. hundredsC. hundreds ofD. hundred of5 Every year __ watch NBA on TV.A. million peopleB. millions of peopleC. millions peopleD. million of people6 ___ t rees have been planted in our school inthe past 10 years.A. Thousands ofB. Two thousandsC. Thousand ofD. Two thousand of7 Look! There are ___ in the sky.A. thousand starsB. thousand of starsC. thousands of starsD. thousands of star8 My brother is in ___ .A. Three Class, One GradeB. Class Three, Grade OneC. Grade One, Class ThreeD. class three, grade one9 We are going to learn _ this term.A. book sixB. six bookC. the book sixD. Book Six10 Please turn to __ . Let's read the text aloud.A. Page TwoB. the page twoC. second pageD. page second11 We can say the number 78, 645 in English like this ___ .A. seventy-eight thousand and six hundred and forty-fiveB. seventy-eight thousand six hundred and forty fiveC. seventy-eight thousand six hundred and forty-fiveD. seventy eight thousand six hundred and forty-five12 "The year 1999" should be read "The year ___ ".A. nineteen and ninety-nineB. nineteen ninety-nineC. one thousand nine hundred and ninety-nineD. nineteen hundred and ninety-nine13 He will come here ____ tomorrow morning.A. at fifthB. at tenC. on twoD. till tenth14 Every day he begins to do his homework __ .A. at ten past sevenB. at seven pass tenC. on ten past seventhD. until ten15 He was doing some washing ___ .A. at eight yesterday morningB. yesterday morning eightC. yesterday morning at eightD. by eight yesterday morning16 He began to work there _ .A. on his fiftyB. at age of fiftyC. when he fiftyD. in his fifties17 They moved to Beij ing ____ students in the newly built B. thousands C.D. thousands ofB. thirdC. forthA. in 1980sB. in the 1980 'C.in the 1980s D. on the 1980's18 We all like the boy.A. of ten years oldB. ten-year-oldC.at ten old D. of age of ten4 She was __ her early twenties when she went abroad.A. atB. onC. of D: in19 There are ___ m onths in a year. December isthe ____month of the year.A. twelve; twelveB. twelve; twelfthC. twelfth; twelveD. twelve; twelveth20 During ___ century, the world population has already reached 6 billion.A. twentyB. the twentiethC. twentiethD. the twenty21 Sunday is the __ day of the week.A. seventhB. firstC.second D. third22 Autumn is season in a year.A. the fourthB. the thirdC. a thirdD. the threeth23 Tom was to get to school and I was ______ .A. first; ninthB. a first; a ninthC. the first; the ninthD. the second; the nineth24 -What's the date today?-Its __ .A. FridayB. time to goC. cloudyD. June 4th25 Jenny was bornA. on July 10, 1987B. in July 10, 1987C. in 1987,July 10 D. on 1987, July 1026 Monday is the second day, and ______ .A. Tuesday is the fourthB. Thursday is the fifthC. the second is TuesdayD. the second is Thursday27 About ___ of the books in our school library are written in Chinese.A. four-fifthB. four-fifthsC. fourth-fifthsD. fourths-fifth28 __of the students are girls in our class.A. Two threeB. Two threesC. Twothirds D. Second three29 __of the world's books and newspapers are written in English.A. Three quartersB. Three quarterC. Thirds fourD. Threes fourth30 Tom is in therow.A. a secondB. the second Ctwo D.second31 The girl wanted tosingsong in English.A. the othersB. a second Coth er D. the second32 Now let me have .A. the third tryB. a third try C third try D. this third try参考答案：C CD A B A C B D A C B B A A D C A D B B B B C D A B B C A B B B。

Unit 11 Could you please clean your room?【单元话题】1. 学习向别人提出请求的礼貌语言.2. 学习如何争得别人的允许或许可.3. 能写出一篇短信, 要求你的朋友或家人当你不在时为你所做的事情.【重要句型概览】1. Could you please clean your room? Yes, sure.2. Could you please do the dishes?Sorry, I can’t. I h ave to do my homework.3. Could I please go to the movies? Yes, you can.4. Could I please use the car? No, you can’t. I have to go out.【重要词组概览】do the dishessweep the floortake out the trashfold your clothesclean the living roomdo choresget a ridehave to do sth.forget to do sth.do the laundryhate to do (doing) sth.like to do (doing) sth.make dinnermake your bedinvite sb to a placetake sb. for a walkplay with sb.give sb sth.=give sth to sbtake care of= look after【语法聚焦】表示请求、允许、许可表示允许时用can, could, may, might表达。

它们没有时态上的差别，只是could比can, might比may语气上要客气。

（用can或could表示“许可”，虽然很普通，但在正式、庄重的场合用may。