我国煤炭产业政策研究

山西财经大学硕士学位论文我国煤炭产业政策研究姓名：黄莎莎申请学位级别：硕士专业：西方经济学指导教师：赵红梅2011-03-15摘　要　煤炭是我国最丰富的能源矿产，在国民经济和社会发展中占有重要地位。

我国既是煤炭消费大国，又是产煤大国。

但是大规模的煤炭开采，在带动我国和部分地方省份经济发展的同时，成为制约某些地方经济发展的“瓶颈”，如一些煤矿在技术、设备、安全措施条件不完备的情况下，对煤炭资源进行掠夺性的狂开滥采，不仅造成了煤炭资源的大量浪费，严重影响国民经济效益和煤炭产业的经济绩效，而且引发了诸如生态环境恶化、资源枯竭、区域发展衰退等一系列的发展难题。

这与我国长期煤炭产业集中度低、产业组织结构不合理、产业发展机制不活有关，也与相关政策措施跟不上、政府管理职能过度分散有关。

因此如何从政策的层面对我国煤炭产业的可持续发展进行科学引导成为政府和学者们关注的一个课题。

本文以西方经济学及产业经济学的相关理论为基础，以煤炭产业政策作为研究对象，通过对我国煤炭产业政策发展历程的回顾，分析了不同阶段我国煤炭产业政策的特点。

在此基础上，对我国现行煤炭产业政策内容从政策目标、政策主体、政策手段以及政策效果几个方面进行了全面系统的分析，发现我国目前煤炭产业政策在产权制度、税收征管、煤炭价格机制、投资政策、安全法律体系等方面存在诸多问题。

最后结合国外煤炭产业政策的成功经验，提出从煤炭产业援助政策、产业布局政策、保护性开发政策、建立煤炭价格调节基金制度等几方面完善我国煤炭产业政策体系的对策建议。

通过研究，本文得出了以下观点：第一，通过对我国煤炭产业政策发展历程的回顾以及煤炭产业发展对我国影响的分析，发现我国的煤炭产业政策在不断完善中，但是政策体系仍待进一步完善。

为了更好地改进和完善我国的煤炭产业政策，就要将产业结构政策和产业组织政策并重，二者必须相互配合，相互促进，缺一不可。

第二，结合我国现行煤炭产业发展现状及内容，从政策目标、政策主体、政策手段等角度分析了我国煤炭产业政策的实施效果，认为我国现行的煤炭产业政策虽在增加产量、扩大产业规模等方面取得了一些成效，但是煤炭产业政策在政策内容方面还存在缺失，体系不完善而且政策执行力度有待进一步提高。

第三，通过对日本、澳大利亚等国煤炭产业政策的考察，认为我国煤炭产业政策的有效性还很不足，国家在煤炭产业政策的制定上主要关注的是经济发展，可持续发展的观念不强。

【关键词】 煤炭产业政策 政策内容 政策目标 政策效果 Ａｂｓｔｒａｃｔ　Coal is the most abundant energy resources in China which plays an important role in the national economy and social development. Our country is a strong county both in coal consumption and in producing coal. But the large-scale of coal mining, in driving economic development of our country and part of the provinces, but also brings a range of issues, which becomes the “bottleneck”constraining the development of some parts of local economy. For example, some coal mines which under the condition of inadequate of the technology, equipment, safety measures, coal resources of the savage wild-tyｐｅ　ｐｒedatory opened i n discriminate. Which does not cause great waste of coal resources, seriously affecting the economic efficiency and economic performance of coal industry, but also lead such as environmental degradation, resource depletion, decline in regional development, “resource curse”and a series of development challenges. Therefore, how to develop and regulate the coal industry policy, is not only essential to the sustainable exploitation of coal resources and utilization, but also relates to the development of the entire social and economic sustainable.This paper is based on the theory of Western Economics and the Industrial Economics, and as an entry point to the coal industry policy. Through reviewing of the history of coal industry policy in part of our country, and comparing with foreign coal policy, and our reality, to identify the crux of current problems, and making relevant policy recommendations.Through research, we draw the following points:Firstly, through the review of the development process of our coal industry policy and the affection of the development of our coal industry, finding that our policy of coal industry is in continuous improvement, but the system of policy needs further improvement. In the aspects of policy legislation, there exists lack of policy and missing of policy in some aspects.Secondly, Integrating with the current situation of coal industry in our country, we analyze the implementation of the policy effects of coal industry from the aspects of policy objectives, policy makers, policy instruments. That our current industrial policy, although the increase of coal production, expands the scale of the industry and achieves some success, but the content of the coal industry policy in the policy there are still shortcomings, and policy enforcement to be further improved.Thirdly, there still exists the phenomena of inefficiency, backward technology, environment and safety, one of the most important reasons is that there exists many problems in the management system. Even if the industry re-established a reasonable policy, if the inadequate implementation of policies, management system is incomplete, the coal industry policy can not make effect. Therefore,at the same time of improving coal industry policy, should also strengthen the construction of the coal industry management system.【Key Words】 coal industrial policy policy content policy objective policy effect山西财经大学　学位论文原创性声明　本人郑重声明：所呈交的学位论文，是本人在导师的指导下，独立进行研究工作所取得的成果。

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