自考物流英语重点(精简中)

物流英语课文内容精讲串讲笔记课文内容精讲Unit 1General Introduction to LogisticsModern logistics is related to the effective and efficient flow of materials and information that are of vital importance to customers and clients in various sectors of the economic society,which may include but by no means is limited to:packaging，warehousing，material handling，inventory，transport，forecasting，strategic planning and customer service.现代物流与物资及信息的及时有效流动相关，而物资和信息的及时有效流动对经济社会的不同领域的顾客和客户有着极其重要的意义。

现代物流包括但不限于下列方面：包装，仓储，材料搬运，存货，运输，预测，战略规划，客户服务。

Logistics is that part of the supply chain process that plans,implements and controls the efficient, effective flow and storage of goods, service and related information from the point of origin to the point of consumption to meet customers’ requir ements.物流是供应链的一部分，计划、执行和控制产品、服务及相关信息从原产地到消费地的及时有效流动和存储以满足客户要求。

一．短语翻译（英译中）Unit 1Part 11.anchor sectors 支柱产业2.cargo container handling capacity 货物集装箱处理能力3.put in place 出台相关政策4.priority use of land resources 优先使用土地资源5.sector-by-sector 各个部门6.tax concessions 税收优惠7.tax-free zones 免税区8.automate much of the paperwork 文书工作自动化9.Rail freight traffic 铁路货物10.public spending 政府开支11.terminal operators 码头营运商12.Three Gorges Dam project 三峡工程13.Joint ventures 合资企业14.Small and medium-sized 中小型Part 21.tendered forwarding services 提供货运代理2.purchasing business 采购业务3.customs-declarations 清关证明4.explore the logistical facilities and services考察物流设施和服务5.through the courtesy of 承蒙6.regular freight forwarding 正规货运代理7.Shipping Agent 装船代理8.Cargo Forwarding Agent 货运代理9.Customs Clearance Agent 清关代理10.under separate cover 在另函内11.for your information 供你参考Unit 2Part 11.work-in-process 在制品2.identification cards 身份证3.rolled out 铺开4.geared toward 着眼于5.president and chief executive officer总裁兼CEO6.ASAP 尽快7.electronic data interchange EDI 电子数据交换8.advance ship notice ASN 提前装船通知9.market basket level 市场消费水平状况10.collaborative planning,forecasting and replenishment (CPFR) program协同计划，预测与补货方案11.fill rate vs.warehouse utilization 使用费率和仓库利用率12.senior project manager 高级项目经理13.radio frequency identification(RFID)射频技术14.self-service model 自助服务模式15.rules for engaging in business 经商规则16.huge fundamental changes 根本的转变Part 21.enjoy a high reputation 享有美誉2.accommodate our business development 适应我们业务的发展3.shipping service providers 船公司4.rates of different shipping lines 不同航线不同的运价5.a licensed freight forwarder 被授权的货运代理商6.In a position to 能（做）7.brand new Freight Forwarding System 全新的货代系统Unit 3Part 11.interstate 85,I-85corridor,I-85 85号洲际公路2.accommodate up to 建成3.at full buildout 快速发展4.are anxious to 渴望急于5.pressure cooker 高压锅6.dozens of 很多7.measure against 与……作比较8.and so forth 等等9.It goes without saying 毫无疑问10.make the most of 充分利用11.tax breaks 减税优惠12.vested interest 既得利益13.senior vice president 高级副总裁14.build-to-suit 定制建造15.economic incentives 经济鼓励16.climate-controlled 温度控制17.tax-benefit 税收优惠Part 21.online quotation systems 在线咨询系统2.online quotation-request form 在线报价询问表3.process the order 履行订单Uite4Part11.EU expansion 欧盟扩张2.inadequate road infrastructure 不完备的道路交通设施3.Central and Eastern 中东欧4.the formerly socialist Eastern Europe前中东欧社会主义国家5.real-time inventory data 实实库存数据6.voice-driven communication 声控技术7.a definite plus 无疑是件好事8.Brands retail chain franchisees 品牌连锁加盟9.total manual paper-based picks 通过纸质化手工拣选10.cross-dock operations 直接换装操作11.pick accuracy 拣货准确率12.hand-held device 手携设备13.original equipment manufacture 原始设备制造商14.walk through the issue 解决问题Part21.be accredited by 由…批准2.vanning and devanning 装箱和拆箱3.act in conformity with 按…来做4.set us apart from 使我们与…有差异5.3rd Party Outsourcing 第三方物流外包Uite5Part11.household goods 家庭用品普遍用品2.relocation service 移仓服务3.mechanical handling 机械帮运4.the ageing of the population 人口老年化5.modular boxes 模数箱6.grocery retailer 杂货店7.reusable plastic containers RPCs 可重复使用塑料容器8.bags and liners 袋衬里9.pile on 积累10.incompatible with 不相容11.special-handing charges 特殊处理费用12.master carton 马斯特箱、标准箱13.bump up into 突然增加到14.go over with a fine-toothed comb 仔细检查15.switch to 转换到16.getting killed with dimensional 吃大亏17.fill claim 执行索赔18.cancel out 抵消19.break out 突发爆发Part21.be bound to 驶往2.our goodselves 贵公司3.CFS Container Freight station 集装箱货运站4.CY container yard 集装箱堆场Unit 6Part11.fixed routes 固定航线2.regular schedule 定期时间表3.general cargo 一般货物4.daily utensils 日用器皿5.annually handled 每年处理的6.container throughput 集装箱吞吐量7.20-foot equivalent units(TEUs) 20英尺准集装箱8.chemical fertilizers 肥料9.Hong Kong –listed 在香港上市的10.a container –related business 与集装箱相关的业务11.rough seas ahead 海运业起伏不定的前景12.placed ...emphasis on 更加重视13.world fleet capacity 全球船只航运力14.even keel 稳定15.regular occurrence 常常发生16.rate hikes 运价上涨17.fuel surcharges 燃油附加费18.zero in on 对准19.pegs its currency to the dollar 与美元挂钩20.credit A with B A是B的原因Part 21.direct your attention to 提醒你注意2.pay the balance 支付差额3.an installment plan 分期付款方案4.freight prepaid to 运费预付Unit 7Part 11.homeland security 国土安全2.terrorist attacks 恐怖袭击3.the volume of commerce 商业数量4.along with 随着5.as for as …be concerned 就…而言6.allowed for 考虑到7.four-foot by four-foot 4英寸*4英寸8.at third of the time 三分之一的时间9.be innovative in 在某方面有创意10.transform…into 转变11.be devoted to 致力于12.feeder ship 支线船13.Handy-size 小型14.Panama 大型15.post-Panamax 超大型Part 21.flimsy packing 脆弱的包装2.transit 在运输中3.restore …original condition 恢复原样4.pertinent briefs 诚恳的忠告5.stressed on several occasions 发生这样的事感到非常不喜欢6.scattered and mixed condition 散落混合的状况Unit 8Part 11.agricultural products 农产品2.bulk liquids 散装液体modity business 进出口商品4.containerized consumer products 集装箱装运消费品5.electronic components 电子零部件6.food and beverage 食品饮料7.industrial equipment 工厂设施设备8.ores and minerals 沙和矿石9.perishable goods 生鲜食品10.pharmaceuticals 药品11.project cargo 工程物资12.wood products 木制品Part 21.charter a ship 租船2.single voyage 单程3.heavy lifts 超重物件货物4.60 days definite notice of 提前60天通知5.few and far between 稀疏的6.more often than not 多半；往往Unit 9Part 11.personal effects 个人财务2.customs broker 清关经济人3.European Commission 欧盟委员会4.paper-free 无纸化的5.electronic risk analysis 电子分析机制6.make electronic declarations the rule让电子报关成为制度7.Customs Union 关税同盟8.Internal Market 国内市场Part 21.insurance coverage up to the inland city投保范围至内陆城市2.for his account 由他支付3.be bound to 与…….捆绑在一起4.accounts for 占（多大比例）5.preferential treatment 优惠待遇Unit 10Part 11.by and between 由……双方2.back-to-back L/C 对背信用证3.standby L/C 备用信用证4.on the same page 意见一致5.a through bill of lading(B/L) 联运提单6.assume the risk 承担风险7.a documentary credit 跟单信用证8.letter of credit 信用证9.order (B/L) 指示提单10 .a document of title 物权凭证11.the impact of Incoterms 国际贸易术语的效用12.take ……steps to 采取措施13.set forth 阐明，公布14.set out 陈述，声明Part 21.rough handling 野蛮搬运2.be neglected in the open and rained upon遗放在露天，并遭受雨淋3.settle this claim 理赔4.get into this matter 调查此事5.hindered …… from entering 使……不能进入二．重点句翻译（英译中）Unit12.The city＇s cargo container handling capacity is ranked after Hong Kong and Singapore with over 18 million boxes of goods being moved-an increase of 24 percent over last year.这座城市（上海）的货物集装箱处理能力超过了1800万箱，比去年同期增长24%，仅次于香港和新加坡。

单词Unit onelogistics n 物流storage n 仓储procurement n 采购manufacture vi 制造distribution n 配送transport vt. 运输salvage n. 残余packaging n. 包装proprietary adj. 专有的subassembly n. 组件部件malfunction n. 失灵, 机能失常by-product n. 副产品Unit Twocontradiction n. 矛盾magnitude n. 巨大重要性expenditure n. 花费消费支出integral adj. 构成整体的Unique adj.独特独一无二的resistance n. 阻力阻碍paralysis n. 破坏，终止repercussion n. 后果, 反响shipper n. 交运货物者; 运货者parcel n. 包裹Stow-ability n.装载性tonnage n. 吨位dominant adj. 占优势的统治的,freight n. 货运; 货物；运费ton-miles n. 吨哩; [pl.]货运量metropolitan adj. 大都会的, 大城市的consignee n. 受托者,收件人,代销人Consignor n. 托运人Carrier n. 承运人container n. 集装箱EDI= Electronic Data Interchange 电子数据交换, 无纸贸易Unit Threeperformance n. 性能Illustrate vt. 说明阐述conflictive adj 矛盾的,抵触的dynamics n.动态性wholesaler n. 批发商convenience n. 方便, 便利outlet n.市场，商店merchandise n.商品, 货物franchise n. （经营）特许权expert n. 专家, 能手Unit Fourevolve vt 演变、进化status n. 状况事态condition n. 制约Goods-in-process 在制品Phases 阶段achieve vt. 获得取得fluctuation n. 波动consolidation n. 统一、加强LTL卡车零担（货物）Less-than-Truck-Load capacity n. 能力profit n. 利益好处discount n. 折扣vendor n. 小贩卖主stockout n. 缺货substitutability n 可替代性inspection n. 检查turnover n. 营业额周转率buffer n. 缓冲减轻Speculation n. 投机Unit Fivespecialization n. 专业化offset n. 消除抵消accumulate vi. 积累constant adj. 固定的enroute adv. 在途中anticipation n. 期望penalty n. 处罚词组Unit Onelogistics system 物流系统raw material 原材料in-process inventory 在制品库存finished goods 产成品conform to the customer needs 满足客户需求logistics management 物流管理supply chain management （SCM）供应链管理waste disposal 废料处理customer service 客户服务warehousing and storage 仓储和储藏plant and warehouse site selection 厂址和仓库地址的选择inventory control 库存控制order processing 订单处理distribution communication 配送沟通material handling 物料搬运return goods 退货demand forecasting 需求预测salvage and scrap disposal 残值及废料处理time and place utility 时间与地点效应proprietary asset 专有资产order entry/editing 订单输入/编辑order modification 订单修改order status inquires 订单状态查询tracing and expediting 跟踪和催单credit and collection 信贷及托收信托credit checking 信用核查order placement 下订单in-plant inventory 在厂库存inventory in transit 在途库存time lags 时滞from a logistics perspective 从物流的角度reverse distribution 逆向配送product defect 产品缺陷Unit twoIn terms 从字眼上说，措辞上Take sth. for granted 认为某事当然In terms of 从……方面来说Allocation of economic resources 经济资源配置Perspective customer 潜在客户Production downtime 生产停工Transportation system 运输体系Freight forwarder/agent 货运代理Parcel post 包裹邮寄Time-in-transit 在途时间Market coverage 市场覆盖率Door-to-door service 门到门服务Point-to-point service 逐点服务Lose and damage 货损货差performance/ratio 绩效/比率Motor Transportation 汽车运输Rail Transportation 铁路运输Ocean Transportation/Marine Transportation 海洋运输Air Transportation 航空运输Road Transportation 公路运输Inland Water Transportation 内河运输Parcel Post Transportation 邮包运输Container Transportation 集装箱运输Just in time （JIT）准时制Bill of lading 提货单Freight bill 运费单Credit instrument 信用工具Credit institution 信贷机构Unit ThreePhysical distribution 实物配送Physical-fulfillment 实物实现Distribution Performance Cycle 配送流程Actual profit potential 实际潜在价值Zero defect service 零缺陷服务Customer-focused marketing efforts以客户为中心的营销活动Customer requirement 客户需求Intensive distribution 集约式分销Selective distribution 选择性分销Exclusive distribution 独家分销Exclusive franchise 专营权Brand loyalty 品牌忠诚度Retail price 零售价格Distribution Center （DC）配送中心Logistics link 物流结点，物流链路Take order 接订单Efficient consumer response（ECR）有效客户反映Point of Sales (POS) 销售点Value-added service 增值服务Unit FourPoint-of-origin 原产地Point-of-consumption 消费地Logistics process 物流流程Physical supply 物料供应(Quantity) purchase discount（批量）购买折扣Safety stocks 安全库存Consolidation warehouse 综合仓库Full truckload or carload shipment 整车装载运输LTL rate 零担运价Short production runs 短期生产过程，短期流水生产Long production runs 长期生产过程，长期流水生产Per-unit cost 单位成本Full cost 全部成本，总成本Total cost 总成本In short supply 供应不足Damage in transit 运输损伤Respond quickly 快速反应Fill customer order 填报客户订单，执行顾客订单Firm’s Philosophy 公司理念Capital availability 资本利用的可能性product line 产品系列Customer order selecting 客户订单分拣Lead time提前期Unit FiveEconomy of scale 规模经济Order cycle 订单周期Channel of distribution 分销渠道Manufacturing line 生产线Cycle stock 周期性库存In-transit stock 在途库存Safety stock 安全库存Buffer stock 缓冲库存Speculative stock 投机库存Seasonal stock 季节性库存Dead stock 死库存Replenishment time 补给时间Average inventory 平均库存问题Unit One1.Why is inventory control activity critical? P3 Point 4It is because of the financial necessity of maintaining a sufficient supply of product to meet both customers' needs and manufacturing requirement.2. What are the important factors that should be taken into consideration in selecting plant and warehouse site? P4 Point 8Market factor and transportation factor.3. What is reverse distribution? P5 Point 14 The handling of return goods.Unit Two1. What are the five basic modes in transportation system? P12They are motor, rail, water, air and pipeline. 2. What are the factors influencing transportation costs? P12Product-related including density, stow-ability, ease ro difficulty of handling and liability. Market-related factors including degree of competition, location of market, governmentregulation,freight traffic, seasonality of product movements and domestically or internationlly transport.3.What are the three primary types of transportation documents? P17Bills of lading, freight bills and shipping manifests.4. What are the transportation participants? P21They are shipper; destination party-consignee; carrier and agents; government; Internet and the public.Unit Three无Unit Four1.W hat are the basic functions of warehousing? P33Warehousing has three basic functions:movement, storage, and information transfer.Unit Five1. What are types of inventory? P39They are cycle stock, in-transit stock, safety or buffer stock, speculative stock, seasonal stock, and dead stock.翻译Unit OneThe speed and accuracy of a firm's order processing have a great deal to do with the level of customer service the company provides.公司对订单处理的速度和准确性与公司为消费者提供的服务水平有很大关系。

物流专业英语复习资料考试题型：一、选择填空(20 points )二、物流术语(20 points )三、阅读理解(30points, each 3 points )四、英译汉(20points, each 4 points )五、汉译英(10 points, each 2points ) 物流专业英语考试备考1词汇1. 1基本概念术语1.物品article2.物流logistics3.物流活动logistics activity4.物流作业logistics operation5.物流模数logistics modulus6.物流技术logistics technology7.物流成本logistics cost8.物流管理logistics management9.物流中心logistics center10.物流网络logistics network11.物流信息logistics information12.物流企业logistics enterprise13.物流单证logistics documents14.物流联盟logistics alliance15.供应物流supply logistics16.生产物流production logistics17.销售物流distribution logistics18.回收物流returned logistics19.废弃物物流waste material logistics20.绿色物流enviTonmental logistics21.企业物流internal logistics22.社会物流external logistics23.军事物流military logistics24.国际物流international logistics25.第三方物流third-part logistics (TPL)26.定制物流customized logistics27.虚拟物流virtual logistics28.增值物流服务value-added logistics service29.供应链supply chain30.条码bar code31.电子数据交换electronic data interchange (EDI)32.有形消耗tangible loss33.无形消耗intangible loss奖罚1.运输transportation2.联合运输combined transport3.直达运输through transport4.中转运输transfer transport5.甩挂运输drop and pul 1 transport6.集装运输containerized transport7.集装箱运输container transport& 门到门door-to-door9.整箱货full container load (FCL)10.拼箱货less than container load (LCL 11・储存storing12.保管storage13.物品储存article reserves14.库存inventory15.经常库存cycle stock16.安全库存safety stick17.库存周期inventory cycle time18.前置期(或提前期)lead time19.订货处理周期order cycle time20.货垛goods stack21.堆码stacking22.搬运handing/carrying23.装卸loading and unloading24.单元装強卩unit loading and unloading25.包装package/packaging26.销售包装sales package27.定牌包装packing of nominated brand28.中性包装neutral packing29.运输包装transport package30.托盘包装palletizing31.集装化containerization32.散装化containerization33.直接换装cross docking34.配送distribution35.共同配送joint distribution36.配送中心distribution center37.分拣sorting38.拣选order picking39.集货goods collection40.组配assembly41.流通力口工distribution processing42.冷链cold chain43.检验inspection 奖罚1・仓库warehouse2.库房storehouse3.自动化仓库automatic warehouse4. 4 立体仓库stereoscopic warehouse5.虚拟仓库virtual warehouse6.保税仓库boned warehouse7.出口监管仓库export supervised warehouse8.海关监管货物cargo under customer, s supervision9.冷藏区chill space10.冷冻区freeze space11.控湿储存区humidity controlled space12.温度可控区temperature controlled space13.收货区receiving space14.发货区shipping space15.料棚goods shed16.货场goods yard17.货架goods shelf18.托盘pallet19.叉车fork lift truck20.输送机conveyoT21.自动导引车automatic guided vehicle (AGV)22.箱式车box car23.集装箱container24.换算箱twenty-feet equivalent unit (TEU)25.特种货物集装箱specific cargo container26.全集装箱船ful 1 container ship27.铁路集装箱场railway container yard28.公路集装箱中转站inland container depot29.集装箱货运站container freight station (CFS)30.集装箱码头container terminal31.国际铁路联运international through railway transport32.国际多式联运international multimodal transport33.大陆桥运输land bridge transport34.班轮运输linei* transport35.租船运输shipping by chartering36.船务代理shipping agency37.国际货运代理international freight forwarding agent38.理货tally39 国际货物运输保险international transportation cargo insurance40.报关customs declaration41.报关行customs broker42.进出口商品检验commodity inspection奖罚1. 4物流管理术语1.物流战略logistics strategy2.物流战略管理logistics strategy management3・仓库管理warehouse management4.仓库布局warehouse layout5.库存控制inventory control6.经济订货批量economic order quantity (EOQ)7.定量订货方式fixed-quantity system (FQS)8.定期订货方式fixed-quantity system (FIS)9.ABC 分类管理ABC classification10.电子订货系统Electronic order system (EOS)11.准时制just in time (JIT)12.准时制物流just-in-time logistics13.零库存技术zero-inventory logistics14.物流成本管理logistics cost control15.物料需要计划material requirements planning (MRP)16.制造资源计划manufacturing resource planning (MRP II)17.配送需要计划distribution requirements planning (DRP)18.配送资源计划distribution resource planning (DRP II)19.物流资源计划logistics resource planning (LRP)20.企业资源计划enterprise resource planning (ERP)21.供应链管理supply chain management (SCM)22.快速反映Quick response (QR)23.有效客户反映efficient customer response （ECR）24.连续库存补充计划continuous replenishment program （CRP）25.计算机付诸订货系统computer assisted ordering （CAO）26.供应商管理库存vendor managed inventory （VMI）27.业务外包outsourcing1.We can define warehousing as that part of a firm^s logistics s ystem that stores products （rawmaterials, parts, goods-in-pro cess, finished goods） at and between point of origin and point o f consumption, and provides information to managementon the sta tus, condition, and disposition of items being stored・1.我们可把仓储定义为公司物流系统的不可分割的一部分，（2分）用以在原产地，消费地或二者之间储存原材料，部件，在制品,产成品（2分）并向管理部门提供有关所储存项目的现状与控制情况等信息.（2分）2.Participants in the channel gain competitive advantage thro ugh improving the overall channel efficiency by reducing risk a nd effectively leveraging the corporate resources of each chan nel member・2.这条链上的参与者通过以降低风险（2分）和链上每一位成员的共同资源的有力支持（2分）来改善整条链的效率从而获得具有竞争力的优势。

Professional words and expressionUnit1运输transport仓储storage仓库warehouse采购purchase包装package加工process配送distribution信息information物流logisticUnit2客户customer ,client供应商supplier单据document确认confirmation客户服务customer service 样品sample订舱booking space接待reception解决投诉claim solving收款make collection货物cargo, goodsUnit3货运代理公司（货代）freight forwarder 集装箱码头container terminal班轮liner租船charter运输线路transport route装运港port of shipment /port of loading 目的港port of destination运费freight清关customers clearance整箱货FCL拼箱货LCL交货deliveryUnit4内包装inner packing外包装outer packing易碎货物fragile goods标签label纸箱carton木箱wooden case毛重G.W.净重N.W.皮重tare weight体积measurement唛头shipping marksunit5批发商wholesaler零售商retailer制造商manufacturer收货区receiving space储存区storge space拣货区picking space发货区shipping space托盘pallet叉车forklift配送渠道distribution channel集货goods collection转运transshipment分批装运partial shipment/shipment in lots班轮仓位liner space转运港port of transshipmentUnit6库存inventory库存成本inventory cost库管warehouse keeper检查货物check the goods /inspect the goods 登记货物enroll the goods准时制系统JIT system供应链supply chain入库作业indoor operation在库管理warehouse management装配线assembly line灵活配送flexibility delivery码头dock行政助理executive assistant配送中心型仓库delivery center warehouse 物流中心型仓库logistic center warehouseUnit 7Unit 10物流单据logistic document报关行customers broker清关customers clearance发票invoice装箱单packing list提单bill of lading (B/L)货代提单house B/L商检证明inspection certification 保险单insurance policy出口许可证export license原产地证certificate of origin场站收据dock receipt申报关税application of duty发货人shipper承运人carrier收货人consignee。

一、单词复习商品: merchandise 线路:line 合资企业:Joint Venture 陆运:land transportation 处理:handle 装箱单:packing slip 零售包装:consumer packaging 仓储: storage 排除:eliminate信息服务:service information 零风险:zero defects 定舱位: book the shipping space 存储:storage对待: approach 入库作业:indoor operation 卸货: discharge 海关:Customs 知名的:big name入库保税品: warehouse bond 检查站: checkpoint 防热的: Heat-proof 供应链: supply chain工具: facility 条形码:Bar code 分销渠道:distribution channel 商标: trademark工业包装: industrial packaging 样品:sample 规格:specification供应商:supplier 可以使用的:available 发货区:receiving space 竞争:competition 询问:inquiry估算:evaluation 原材料:raw material代表:on behalf of represent 实际上:in practice 总重: gross weight二、句子复习(1)Electronic order system is for the operation ordering and the information exchange by internet among the firms.电子订货系统的操作命令和信息交换之间通过互联网公司(2)Customer service is meant to provide facility for customer’s nee d or inquiry and arrange it.客户服务的目的是提供设施的用户需要或查询及安排。

Part ⅠGeneral Review of Logistics第一部分物流概述*Introduction to logistics物流简介*Customer service and logistics客户服务与物流*Logistics processes物流过程Chapter 1 Introduction to logistics第一章物流简介*Introduction 前言*Definitions 定义*Elements of logistics 物流因素*Importance of logistics 物流的重要性*Summary 小结Introduction 前言*In a military sense, the term “logistics” encompasses transport organization, army replenishments and material maintenance.*在军队意识中，“ 物流” 这个专有名词就围绕着运输组织、军事补充和物资养护。

Definitions 定义*Logistics (business definition )行业定义*Logistics (military definition)军事定义*美国物流管理协会定义*加拿大物流管理协会定义Elements of logistics物流因素*Storage, warehousing and materials handling*储存，仓储和物料搬运*Transportation 运输*Inventory 库存*Information and control 信息和控制*Packaging and unitization*包装和单位化Importance of logistics物流的重要性*Logistics is an important activity making extensive use of the human and material resources that affect a national economy.*物流是一项影响国民经济，充分利用人力和物料资源的重要活动。

自考物流管理专业（专科）——物流英语参考资料Questions regarding the textsUnit 11.what is logistics compared to in the text?In the text, logistics is compared to a unique global pipeline that operates every hour and every day.2.Isn’t logistics something new? Why?Logistics is not a new thing. The reason is that Logistics came into being with the advent of civilization.3.What is flowing in the pipeline of logistics?Material and information are flowing in the pipeline of logistics.4.Give examples of logistics activities in a given factory.In a given factory ,there are logistics activities such as packaging, warehousing, material handling, inventory, transport, forecasting, strategic planning and customer service.5.Give examples to show that logistics is working every day, even at night.Transport is operating every day and every night. Material handling is the same, so are other factors of logistics.6.How many sectors of economic activities are involved in logistics? What are they?Various sectors of economic activities are involved in logistics. They are : packaging, warehousing, material handling, inventory, transport, forecasting, strategic planning andcustomer service.7.How important is logistics in production process?Logistics is one part of the supply chain process which has close relation to the flow and storage of goods, service and information. It plays important role in the production process and contributes a lot to the efficiency of a company.Unit 21.products are of two kinds. What are they?There are two kinds of products: one is products for customers, and the other is products for industrial use.2.what is the most important characteristic of any product?Any product has an important characteristic , that is, its availability at the place wherea customer wishes to consume it.3.How do you differentiate convenience products from shopping products and from specialty products?Convenience products are goods and services that consumers purchase frequently, immediately and with little comparative shopping. Shopping products are those for which consumers are willing to seek and compare . Specialty products are those for which buyers are willing to expend a substantial effort and often wait for a lot of time to acquire them.4. do you know of consumer goods?Consumers products are those that are directed to the final consumers.5.what do you know about industrial products?Industrial products are those which are used in industrial production, such as steel,coal etc.6.what does mer’s service mean?Consumer’s service refers to the service supplied to consumers.Unit 31.Why is transportation considered so important to the economy of a country? Why is it so important to the individual firm?Because transportation is a vital component in the logistics system, it is considered very important to the economy of a country. It is very important to the individual firm because it may account for one –third to two-thirds of total logistics costs.2.Why do you think that each mode has an advantage with their particular product groups ? Note that one particular kind of goods may be shipped by two or more different modes of transport.Transportation by air is the quickest ,however, the cost is the highest. The volume transported by rail is the largest, but the speed is lower than that of air transportation. .Transportation by water is the most inexpensive.3.Why has containerization become such a popular means of transport in international transportation?Containers can prevent goods from being damaged in transit. Besides it facilitates the handling and transportation of goods.4.What role do agencies play in the transportation system? What services do they provide?They play an important role in the transportation system. They help their clients toprepare documentation , make customs clearance, and learn information about various customs procedures and the use of foreign trade zones.5.Explain why transport rates typically vary with the weight of a shipment, the distance a shipment is transported, and the value of the transport service.Because cost consists of variable cost and fixed cost. Variable cost changes with the weight of a shipment, the distance and the value of the transport service. The heavier the shipment , the longer the distance and the more valuable the shipment, the higher the transport rates.Unit 41.what do you think is most important in the value-added process?In the value-added process, inventory is viewed as most important2.What will happen if the inventory overstocks?If you keep an overstock of the inventory, expenses will incur not only in warehousing, but also in many aspects , such as the capital cost and interest , taxes, insurance, obsolescence cost and the storage cost.3.What are the advantages of holding inventories?If there is proper amount of inventory, a company can take goods from stock and meet customer’s need immediately.4.If you were a boss, what methods would you adopt to reduce costs in holding inventories ?If I were a boss, I would make a inventory plan first. Then I would use the lot sizing concept to balance the cost of maintaining inventories against the cost of ordering. At last Iwould use the lot quantities formulations to find out the lowest cost of inventory.5.What does the lot quantity formulations identify?Lot quantity formulations identify the precise quantities at which the annual combined total costs of ordering and maintenance is lowest for a given sales volume.Unit 51.what are the two kinds of packing?Packing can be divided into two kinds: one is industrial packing , the other is consumer packing.2.Which kind of packing is directly related to consumers?Consumer packing is directly related to consumers. It aims at containing the goods, promoting the sale of it and facilitating use of it.3.Is consumer packing of vital significance to logistics?No. it is not .The reason is that consumer packing mainly aims at containing the goods, promoting the sale of it and facilitating use of it.4.Which kind of packing is very important to logistics?Industrial packing is very important to logistics. Industrial packing refers to the packing used in industry.5.what is the first function of industrial packing?The first function of industrial packing is that it can protect the goods from damage during handling, storing and transportation.6.What is the second function of industrial packing?The second function of industrial packing is that it can promote logistical efficiency.7.Must the packing material be strong enough? If so to what extent?No, it needn’t .Because absolute protection is impossible, if the damage is within the allowable damage , the extent of protection is enough.8.Why is absolute protection impossible?The reason is that absolute protection makes the cost too high.9.Why must the package be easy to handle?The reason is that the easier it is to handle a product, the lower the transportation rate.10.What does UPC mean? What is the use of it?UPC means Universal product code. It is a kind of bar code.Unit 61.According to paragraph 1, what does a manufacturer , wholesaler or retailer have to do to support the operation of his organization.To support his organization, he has to buy materials ,services ,and supplies from outside suppliers.2.What does supply management mean for most organizations?For most organizations, supply management means purchasing.3.What has given more knowledge about the role played by purchasing to many managers?The concept of supply chain management has given more knowledge about the role played by purchasing.4.What is one of the largest elements of costs for many firms?For many firms ,one of the largest elements of costs is purchased goods and services.5.What percentage do purchased goods and services account for in the total sales in the average manufacturing firm in North America?Purchased goods and services account for about 55 cents of every sales dollar.6.What kind of managers can save their organizations large sums relative to the competition?Managers with good negotiating skills and strong relationships with suppliers can save their organizations large sums .7.What can create competitive cost advantage that last for a long time?Identifying the right production equipment and buying it at a good price can create competitive cost advantage that lasts for many years.8.What would cause the shutting down of a production plant?Stockouts of raw materials or component parts can shut down a production plant.9.What does the quality of finished goods and services depend on?The quality of finished goods and services is dependent on the quality of the materials and parts used in producing the items.10. Will ineffective purchasing practices lead to a series of negative results to a firm’soperation? What are these results?Yes, Ineffective purchasing practices will lead to negative results to a firm’s operation .The results are : customers service may fall, and long –term customer relationship may be damaged.Unit 71.Is information important in the performance of a supply chain .Yes, it is crucial to the performance of a supply chain because it provides the message to help the manager to make decisions.2.What a manager can learn from information?-A manager can learn about what customers want, how much inventory is in stock and when more products should be produced and shipped.3.In the phrase “supply chain drivers”, what does the word driver mean?It refers to any part in the supply chain.4.To set inventory levels ,what information must one person get ?-He must collect information such as customer demand, availability or products and current inventory levels etc.5. what does the phrase “Facility decision “ mean?-It refers to decision relating to facility.Unit 81.What is the possible definition of supply chain?Supply chain is a network composed of factories, suppliers, retailers ,etc.. They supply to each other raw material, components, products and service.2.What does supply management mean?Supply management means the design , planning and control of the information flow, movements of goods and money with a view to strengthening competitiveness.3.What is Ford’s purpose of developing a huge manufacturing complex?Ford’s purpose of developing a huge manufacturing complex is control. He wants to control every link of production.4.What did Ford do to ensure a reliable supply of materials?To ensure a reliable supply of materials , Ford invested in coal-mines, iron-ore deposits timber land etc.5.Why did Ford buy a large quantity of potatoes from South America ?Ford ordered a huge quantities of potatoes from South America to explore the possibility of extracting alcohol .6.What did Ford do in order to transport materials to his plants and finished products to dealers?He invested in railroads, trucks ,and both Great Lakes and ocean vessels.7.Did some specialized firms finally become contributors to Ford’s network? And why?Yes, they did. The reason is that the specialized firms outperformed Ford company in terms of quality and cost.8.Were the financial resources at Ford Company shifted at last ?If the answer is “yes” . to which aspect?Yes, they were. With time going on, the Ford strategy shifted from ownership based control to orchestrating channel relationships.9.In the later part of the 20the century, on whom did Ford Company rely for logistics service?Ford Company has been buying logistics service from Exel.10.What kind of conclusion did Ford find out in the final analysis?Ford found out that no firm can be self-sufficient in the final analysis.Unit 91.Is maritime shipping an important link in international logistics?Yes, it is.2.How many types of shipping markets are there in the world?-There are two types of shipping markets : one is the liner market, the other is the tramp market.3.Before you send cargo to a buyer overseas, what do you need to do?-You need to complete the necessary documentation for insurance, cargo survey etc.4.How to book the shipping space?The shipper can either go to a shipping company or simply go on the internet to book shipping space.5.When the shipping company accepts your space-booking, what will you receive in due course?-you will receive s a Container Load Plan.6.what decides the specific location for each container in the holds?A stowage plan for the ship decides the specific location.Unit 101.what is the definition of the supply chain management?Supply chain management is the process that integrates, co-ordinates and controls the movement of materials , finished inventory and related information from supplier through companies to meet consumer requirements.2.What are the objectives of supply chain management?The objectives of supply chain management are to reduce total costs, minimize lead time, minimize inventory levels and cost, improve service level and streamline goods and information flows.3.What are the functions of TPL?TPL functions as the expertise in providing client with professional operation to reduce costs, minimize inventory etc.4.What are the advantages of adopting sophisticated technology?Adopting sophisticated technology can not only reduce labor costs, but also achieve greater visibility , improving customer service and using information more effectively to figure out things like trends and supplier performance.5.How does IT system operate?-The IT system is one of the value-adding services provided by TPL .Purchases orders will be placed online, and vendors pick up them on line.6.What are the selling points of TPL system?TPL system has many selling points such as local service, efficient trucking service, computerized warehouses system and customized operation.。

物流英语物流中级英语（共145个）基本概念术语1．物品article 2．物流logistics 3．物流活动logistics activity 4．物流作业logistics operation 5．物流模数logistics modulus 6．物流技术logistics technology 7．物流成本logistics cost 8．物流管理logistics management 9．物流中心logistics center 10．物流网络logistics network 11．物流信息logistics information 12．物流企业logistics enterprise 13．物流单证logistics documents 14．物流联盟logistics alliance 15．供应物流supply logistics 16．生产物流production logistics 17．销售物流distribution logistics 18．回收物流returned logistics 19．废弃物物流waste material logistics 20．绿色物流environmental logistics 21．企业物流internal logistics 22．社会物流external logistics 23．军事物流military logistics 24．国际物流international logistics 25．第三方物流third-part logistics (TPL) 26．定制物流customized logistics 27．虚拟物流virtual logistics 28．增值物流服务value-added logistics service 29．供应链supply chain 30．条码bar code 31．电子数据交换electronic data interchange (EDI) 32．有形消耗tangible loss 33．无形消耗intangible loss 奖罚物流作业术语1．运输transportation 2．联合运输combined transport 3．直达运输through transport 4．中转运输transfer transport 5．甩挂运输drop and pull transport 6．集装运输containerized transport 7．集装箱运输container transport 8．门到门door-to-door 9．整箱货full container load (FCL) 10．拼箱货less than container load (LCL 11．储存storing 12．保管storage 13．物品储存article reserves 14．库存inventory 15．经常库存cycle stock 16．安全库存safety stick 17．库存周期inventory cycle time18．前置期（或提前期）lead time 19．订货处理周期order cycle time 20．货垛goods stack 21．堆码stacking 22．搬运handing/carrying 23．装卸loading and unloading 24．单元装卸unit loading and unloading 25．包装package/packaging 26．销售包装sales package 27．定牌包装packing of nominated brand 28．中性包装neutral packing 29．运输包装transport package 30．托盘包装palletizing 31．集装化containerization 32．散装化containerization 33．直接换装cross docking 34．配送distribution 35．共同配送joint distribution 36．配送中心distribution center 37．分拣sorting 38．拣选order picking 39．集货goods collection 40．组配assembly 41．流通加工distribution processing 42．冷链cold chain 43．检验inspection 奖罚物流技术装备及设施术语1．仓库warehouse 2．库房storehouse 3．自动化仓库automatic warehouse 4．4立体仓库stereoscopic warehouse 5．虚拟仓库virtual warehouse 6．保税仓库boned warehouse 7．出口监管仓库export supervised warehouse 8．海关监管货物cargo under customer’s supervision 9．冷藏区chill space 10．冷冻区freeze space 11．控湿储存区humidity controlled space 12．温度可控区temperature controlled space 13．收货区receiving space 14．发货区shipping space 15．料棚goods shed 16．货场goods yard 17．货架goods shelf 18．托盘pallet 19．叉车fork lift truck 20．输送机conveyor 21．自动导引车automatic guided vehicle (AGV) 22．箱式车box car 23．集装箱container 24．换算箱twenty-feet equivalent unit (TEU) 25．特种货物集装箱specific cargo container 26．全集装箱船full container ship 27．铁路集装箱场railway container yard 28．公路集装箱中转站inland container depot 29．集装箱货运站container freight station (CFS) 30．集装箱码头container terminal 31．国际铁路联运international through railway transport 32．国际多式联运international multimodal transport 33．大陆桥运输land bridge transport 34．班轮运输liner transport 35．租船运输shipping by chartering 36．船务代理shipping agency 37．国际货运代理international freight forwarding agent 38．理货tally 39．国际货物运输保险international transportation cargo insurance 40．报关customs declaration 41．报关行customs broker 42．进出口商品检验commodity inspection 奖罚物流管理术语1．物流战略logistics strategy 2．物流战略管理logistics strategy management 3．仓库管理warehouse management 4．仓库布局warehouse layout 5．库存控制inventory control 6．经济订货批量economic order quantity (EOQ) 7．定量订货方式fixed-quantity system (FQS) 8．定期订货方式fixed-quantity system (FIS) 9．ABC分类管理ABC classification 10．电子订货系统Electronic order system (EOS) 11．准时制just in time (JIT) 12．准时制物流just-in-time logistics 13．零库存技术zero-inventory logistics 14．物流成本管理logistics cost control 15．物料需要计划material requirements planning (MRP) 16．制造资源计划manufacturing resource planning (MRP II) 17．配送需要计划distribution requirements planning (DRP) 18．配送资源计划distribution resource planning (DRP II) 19．物流资源计划logistics resource planning (LRP) 20．企业资源计划enterprise resource planning (ERP) 21．供应链管理supply chain management (SCM) 22．快速反映Quick response (QR) 23．有效客户反映efficient customer response(ECR) 24．连续库存补充计划continuous replenishment program (CRP) 25．计算机付诸订货系统computer assisted ordering (CAO) 26．供应商管理库存vendor managed inventory (VMI) 27．业务外包outsourcing。

物流英语课文内容精讲笔记第一章：物流概念与体系1.1 物流定义•物流是指商品从生产者到消费者全过程中的管理、运输和仓储活动的有组织的流动过程。

1.2 物流体系•物流体系主要包括供应链管理、仓储管理、运输管理等各个环节，通过有效管理和协调，实现产品的高效流通。

第二章：物流英语基础词汇2.1 重要词汇•Freight（运费） - 货物运输过程中的费用•Inventory（库存） - 企业储备的物资•Distribution（配送） - 将商品送达消费者手中的过程•Supply chain（供应链） - 由生产商、分销商和零售商组成的供货链条2.2 常用短语•Lead time（交货期） - 客户订购商品后，交货的时间•Just-in-time（准时生产） - 在需要时生产，减少库存浪费•Out of stock（缺货） - 没有现货可供销售第三章：物流管理实践3.1 供应链管理•供应链管理是全球物流领域的重要趋势，通过优化供应链，提高效率和降低成本。

3.2 仓储管理•有效的仓储管理可以降低库存成本，保证货物安全存储并提高物流效率。

3.3 运输管理•运输管理包括货物运输方式的选择和运输过程中的跟踪管理，确保货物快速、准时送达目的地。

第四章：物流行业发展趋势4.1 科技创新•物流行业越来越依赖科技，如物联网技术、无人机配送等，提高效率和降低成本。

4.2 环保可持续发展•物流行业应关注环保问题，减少碳排放，推动可持续发展。

4.3 国际化合作•跨国物流合作将更加紧密，加强国际间货物流通和信息交流。

通过对以上内容的学习，我们可以更好地理解物流领域的英语知识，并在实践中运用，提升物流工作效率和质量。