2020版高考英语新设计一轮复习人教全国版讲义：必修1 Unit 2 English around the world 含答案

2020届一轮复习人教版必修一Unit2 English around the world学案设计The history of the English language really started with the arrival of three Germanic tribes(部落)who invaded(侵略)Britain during the 5th century.Old EnglishThe invading Germanic tribes spoke similar languages，which in Britain developed into what we now call Old English. Old English didn't sound or look like English today. Native English speakers now would have great difficulty understanding Old English speakers. However，about half of the most commonly used words in Modern English have Old English roots.Middle EnglishIn 1066，the Norman invaded and conquered England. They also brought with them a kind of French，which became the language of the ruling and business classes. For a period，the lower classes spoke English and the upper classes spoke French. In the 14th century，English became a main language in Britain again，with many French words added. This language is called Middle English.Late Modern EnglishThe main difference between Early Modern English and Late Modern English is vocabulary. Late Modern English has many more words，resulting from two mainfactors：firstly，technology development created a need for new words；secondly，the British Empire at its height converted one quarter of the earth's surface，and the English language used foreign words frommany countries.Now there are many other varieties of English in the world，such as Australian English，New Zealand English，Canadian English，South African English，Indian English and Caribbean English.【词海拾贝】1．arrival n．到达2．period n．时期，阶段3．class n．阶层4．result from 因……发生；随……产生5．create v. 生产；制造【问题思考】1．The main idea of the text is _____________________________.答案：the history of the English language2．When is English called Middle English?_______________________________________________________ 答案：In the 14th century3．What's the main difference between Early Modern English and Late Modern English?_______________________________________________________ 答案：V ocabulary.Ⅰ.将单词与其正确释义配对1．official adj.A．本身；本体；身份2．native adj.&n. B．常常；频繁地3．actually adv. C．官方的；正式的；公务的4．base vt. & n. D．逐渐地；逐步地5．gradually adv. E．流利的；流畅的6．vocabulary n. F．以……为根据；基部；基地；基础7．spelling n. G．拼写；拼法8．identity n. H．本国的；本地的；本地人；本国人9．fluent adj. I．实际上；事实上10．frequently adv. J．词汇；词汇量；词表答案：1.C 2.H 3.I 4.F 5.D 6.J7.G8.A9．E10.BⅡ.根据所给汉语提示写出单词1．________adj. 官方的；正式的；公务的2．________n. 航行；航海3．________adj. 本国的；本地的n．本国人；本地人4．________adv. 事实上；实际上5．________vt. 以……为根据n．基部；基础；基地6．________adj. 逐渐的；逐步的________adv. 逐渐地；逐步地7．________adj. 较后的；(两者中)后者的；后半的8．________n. 本身；本体；身份9．________adj. 流利的；流畅的________adv. 流利地；流畅地10．________adj. 频繁的；常见的________adv. 常常；频繁地答案：1.official 2.voyage 3.native 4.actually5．base 6.gradual tter8.identity9．fluent fluently10.frequent frequentlyⅢ.根据汉语提示写出正确的单词1．This ________(后者的) point was important.2．The ship—Titanic sank on its first________(航行)．3．They bought some new furniture to furnish their new________(公寓)．4．This tree looks high and strong but________(实际上) its trunk is hollow.5．If your________(词汇) is small，you will be bad in English.6．She received several________(正式的) letters this morning.7．The________(身份) of the killer is still unknown.8．She was born in Germany and her________(本国的)language is German.答案：tter 2.voyage 3.apartment 4.actually5．vocabulary 6.official7.identity8.nativeⅣ.根据语境选词填空1．She has a ______English and can speak English ______，for which we all admire her very much.(fluently/fluent)2．Losing weight is a slow，__________ process，so________she has become slimmer and slimmer.(gradually/gradual)3．The____of the word is difficult，but the correct pronunciation of it can help to________it.(spell/spelling)4．Our efforts are beginning to have an ________effect，and ________the effect has made a great difference.(actual/actually) 5．He is a ________ visitor to the house；that is，he visits the house________．(frequent/frequently)6．It is the responsibility of every person to keep certain________ principles，which means every action should be________ on a certain principle.(based/basic)答案：1.fluent fluently 2.gradual gradually 3.spelling spell 4.actual actually 5.frequent frequently6．basic basedⅠ.Skimming for the main information1．What does the passage tell us?A．The brief history of the English language.B．The Modern English based more on German.C．The old English based more on French.D．English spoken in English.答案：A2．Find out the main idea of each paragraph.Para.1______ A．All languages change when cultures communicate with one another.So does English.Para.2______ B．How English spread(传播) in the past.Para.3______ C．Native English speakers can understand each other even if they don't speak the same kind of English.Para.4______ D．By the 19th century，two big changes in English spelling happened.Para.5______ E．English is spoken in many countries.答案：Para.1—B Para.2—C Para.3—APara.4—D Para.5—EⅡ.Scanning for detailed information1．How was the English spoken in England between about AD 450 and 1150?A．It was the same as the English spoken at present.B．It was more like French.C．It was based more on German.D．It was more like Danish.2．Why was Shakespeare able to make use of a wider vocabulary by the 1600's?A．Because new settlers enriched the English language and especially its vocabulary.B．Because Shakespeare made up many new words.C．Because British settlers moved to different countries.D．Because a new dictionary was written.3．What happened to American English in the 19th century?A．It became more like British English.B．It became more like German.C．It had its own dictionary.D．Its spelling was given a separate identity.4．Which of the following is NOT true?A．English is one of the official languages in India.B．English developed when new settlers and rulers came to Britain.C．China has the largest number of English speakers.D．Now more people speak English as their first，second or a foreign language.答案：1.C 2.A 3.D 4.CⅢ.Intensive reading to finish the passageAt the end of the 16th century, English was only spoken by people from 1.______．They were native speakers. Today，the largest 2.______ of people speaking English may be in China. A lot of Chinese people speak English 3.______their foreign language.The 4.______ language has changed quite a lot over the last four centuries.Old English sounded more like German for it was 5.______on German，but modern English 6.________ more like French than German because England was once ruled by the French. Those settlers7.______the language, so Shakespeare could make use of a wider8.______ by the 1600's.Two people had great effects on the English settlement. One was Samuel Johnson, who wrote his 9.________，and the other was Noah Webster, who later wrote The American Dictionary of the English Language, which gave American English its own 10.______．答案：1.England 2.number 3.as 4.English5．based 6.sounds7.enriched8.vocabulary9．dictionary10.identity[阅读素养提升]Why do you think people all over the world want to learn English？(various answers)_______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ 答案：They may include any of these reasons：to use computers and the Internet，to trade，to learn in Western universities，to read academic journals，etc.[精读难句透析]1．At first the English spoken in England between about AD 450 and1150 was very different from the English spoken today.分析：此句为复杂的简单句。

D. If only
[考题巧解] 解析：本题考查状语从句。 句意：——看看那些乌 云！——不用担心，即使下雨我们也会玩得很快乐。even if“即使”； as though“好像，仿佛”；in case“以防，万 一”；if only“要是……就好了”。
答案：A
2．[教材原句]The fly agreed immediately without
4．Believe it or not, there is ______________________ (没有什么标准英语可言)．
5．However, on TV and the radio you will hear differences in ______________________ (人们讲话的方式)．
7．recognize vt. 辨认出；承认；公认→recognize sb./sth. ________... 承认某人/物是……
B．构词记忆 1．________ adj. 官方的；正式的；公务的→________ n. 办公室；办公楼；办事处；政府部门；重要职位 2．________ adv. 事实上；实际上→________ adj. 真实 的；实际的 3．________ adj. 逐渐的；逐步的→________ adv. 逐渐 地；逐步地 4．________ n. 拼写；拼法→________ vt. 拼写
4．latter adj. 较后的；后半的；(两者中)后者的 →________ latter 后者→________ adj. (两者中)前者的
5．command n. & vt. 命令；指令；掌握→ ________ sb.'s command 听候某人的吩咐；服从某人的分配

• → ⑥ The
restaurant ，
__________________________，is working all
right. (用非限制性定语从句)
• 【答案】①on ②based ③basis ④be
【知识建构】
• 【多维训练】 • ◆完成句子 • ②我精通英文和中文，这有利于介绍中国 画。 • I ___________________________，which is
英语口语大赛中获 opportunity to speak，not afraid of making mistakes which
得了一等奖。某英 may embarrass me. I also find it of great benefit to take part
语报社邀请你写一 in the English Corner，where I make many friends. By
13．enrich 重 14．elevator 点 15．voyage 单 16．vocabulary 词 17．spelling
18．usage 19．accent
※阅读词汇
vt. 使__富__裕___；__充__实__；__改_善 n.__电__梯__；__升__降__机____ n.__航__行__；__航__海__ n. _词__汇__；__词__汇__量__；__词__表_____ n.__拼__写__；__拼__法__ n. _使__用__；__用__法__；__词__语__惯__用__法___ n.__口__音__；__腔__调__；__重__音____
(2)I often feel nervous when I speak English. I often feel nervousw__h_e_n_s_p_e_a_k_in_g__E_n_g_li_sh______.

(一)课前自主学习Ⅰ.阅读单词——————知其意1．subway n．地下人行道；〈美〉地铁2．elevator n. 电梯；升降机3．petrol n. 〈英〉汽油(＝〈美〉gasoline) 4．conquer v t. 征服；占领5．apartment n. 〈美〉公寓住宅；单元住宅6．enrich v t.[纵联1]使富裕；充实；改善7．identity n. 本身；本体；身份8．dialect n. 方言9．eastern adj.[纵联2]东方的；东部的10．lightning n. 闪电11．usage n. 使用；用法；词语惯用法12．block n. 街区；块；木块；石块Ⅱ.重点单词——————写其形1．official adj.[纵联3]官方的；正式的；公务的2．voyage n．[纵联4]航行；航海3．native adj. 本国的；本地的n. 本地人；本国人4．base v t. 以……为根据n. 基部；基地；基础5．spelling n. 拼写；拼法6．vocabulary n. 词汇；词汇量；词表7．command n．& v t. 命令；指令；掌握8．request n．&v t. 请求；要求9．straight ad v. 直接；挺直adj. 直的；笔直的；正直的10．accent n. 口音；腔调；重音Ⅲ.拓展单词——————通其变1．actually ad v.实际上；事实上→actual adj.真实的；实际的2．gradual adj.逐渐的；逐步的→gradually ad v.逐渐地；逐步地3．latter adj.较后的；后半的；(两者中)后者的→latest adj.最新的；最近的→later adj.后期的；后者的→lately ad v.近来；最近4．fluent adj.流利的；流畅的→fluently ad v.流利地；流畅地→fluency n．流利；流畅5．frequent adj.频繁的；常见的→frequently ad v.常常；频繁地→frequency n．频率6．expression n．词语；表示；表达→express v t.表达7．recognize v t.辨认出；承认；公认→recognition n．认出；认识纵联1.en-前缀和-en后缀改变词性①rich→enrich v t.使富裕②able→enable v. 使能够③large→enlarge v. 扩大④sure→ensure v. 确保；担保⑤strength→strengthen v. 加强；巩固⑥short→shorten v. 缩短；使变短纵联2.后缀-ern引领四面八方①eastern 东方的；东部的②western 西方的；西部的③southern 南方的；南部的④northern 北方的；北部的⑤northwestern 西北方的；来自西北的⑥southeastern 东南方的；来自东南的⑦northeastern 东北方的；来自东北的⑧southwestern 西南方的；来自西南的纵联3.后缀-ial结尾形容词集锦①official官方的②beneficial有益的③commercial商业的④facial表面的⑤influential有影响力的⑥industrial工业的纵联4.多变“旅行”名词一览①voyage航行；航海②tour(观光)旅行③travel旅行④journey(长途)旅行⑤trip(短途)旅行；外出⑥outing远足单元话题——语言学习子话题1学习内容①phrase n．短语②idiom n．习语；成语③pronunciation n．发音④grammar n．语法⑤practice n．练习⑥standard n．& adj.标准(的)⑦knowledge n．知识；学问⑧speech n．演讲子话题2学习过程①accuracy n．准确；精确②fault n．缺点；毛病③perfect adj.完美的④abundant adj.大量的；充裕的⑤summarize v t.概括；总结⑥take in理解；吸收子话题3学习结果①master v t.精通；掌握②acquire v．获得；得到③overcome v．克服；解决④pronounce v t.发音⑤enlarge v t.扩大⑥accumulate v t.积累；积聚⑦improve v．改善；增进；提高⑧grasp v．掌握；领会[学考对接·活学活用]高考采撷(一)阅读中的词汇应用1．(2014·江苏高考阅读D) My mother and I conflicted countless times over the years, but__❶__ (gradual) came to see❷one another as real human beings with faults and talents, and as women of strength in our own right. Lacking a mirror image in the mother who raised me, I had to seek my identity❸as a woman on my own.The Asian American community has helped me regain my double identity.①用gradual的正确形式填空：gradually②写出see在本单元中的近义词：recognize③写出identity在句中的含义：身份；identity的动词为identify，意为“确认；鉴定”。