2009年高三英语精编复习资料：语法专题(反意疑问句)

2009年高三英语精编复习资料：语法专题（反意疑问句）解答反意疑问句试题, 关键在于读懂微型语境, 读出暗含的信息。

再注意三点内容：即“一点相反”, 指“前肯后否”；“两个一致”指人称代词一致和前后部分时态一致。

“特殊化”指不遵循常规的特殊的反意疑问句形式。

因为并非所有的命题都遵循常规, 考题的设计有很灵活, 因此考生所犯的反意疑问句的错误主要是肯定与否定, 人称代词的选用, 动词的选用等方面的错误。

反意疑问句的一般应用规则是：前面陈述部分如果用肯定形式, 后面的附加疑问部分则用否定形式；前面陈述部分如果是否定形式, 后面的附加疑问部分则用肯定形式。

但在交际运用中, 只知道一般的应用规则还不足以解决所有的问题, 以下几种特殊情况用特别注意。

1. 当陈述部分的主语是“I don‟t think （suppose ,believe ）+ that 从句”结构是, 疑问部分的主语和谓语需和从句的主语和谓语在人称和数上一致, 并且还要用肯定形式。

如：I don‟t think he can finish the work ,can he ?
但：You don‟t think he can finish the work , do you ?
2. 当陈述部分有情态动词must 时, 常用的有4种情况：
1）must 表示“必须”, “禁止”等时, 疑问部分用must （mustn‟t ）.
I must answer the letter ,mustn‟t I ?
2）must 表示“有必要”时, 疑问部分则用needn‟t .
You must go home right now ,needn‟t you ?
3）当must 用来对现在的情况进行“推测”时, 疑问部分要根据must 之后的动词不定式采用相应的形式。

如：You must be tired ,aren‟t you ?
He must be studying in the classroom , isn‟t he ?
4）must 可表示对过去的情况进行“推测” （must +have +过去分词）, 若强调对过去情况的推测（一般有过去时间状语）, 疑问部分的谓语动词用“过去式的助动词+主语”；若强调动作的完成（一般没有过去时间状语）, 疑问部分的谓语动词用“haven‟t （hasn‟t）+主语”。

如：He must have met her yesterday, didn‟t he ?
You must have seen the film, haven‟t you ?
3. 当陈述部分有have 时, 表示“所有”, 附加疑问部分可用have 也可用do 。

如不表示“所
有”而表示其他含义时, 附加疑问部分用do .
如：He has a book , hasn‟t he ? / doesn‟t he ?
She had a good time yesterday , didn‟t she ?
4. 当陈述部分有seldom, hardly , few , little , no , nothing , nobody , nowhere , 等否定词或半否定词时, 疑问部分要用肯定形式。

如：Few people know him , do they ?
5当陈述部分的谓语是带有否定词缀（前缀或后缀）的动词时, 疑问部分仍用否定结构。

如：He is unfit for his office ,isn‟t he ?
6. 当陈述部分的谓语动词是表示愿望的wish 等时, 疑问部分的谓语动词用may ,而且前后两个部分均可用肯定式。

如：Ｉwish to go home now , may I ?
7. 当陈述部为祈使句时的注意事项：
１）如果祈使句为肯定式, 疑问部分用肯定或否定均可。

否定形式在语气上更委婉客气。

如：Ｐass me the book ,will you /won‟t you ?
Stop talking ,wii you ?
2 ）如果祈使句为否定式, 疑问部分只能用肯定式。

如：Don‟t speak aloud any more, will you ? Don‟t be careless, will you ?
3 ）祈使句若是以let 开头的句子, 表示“建议”（包括说话人和听话人双方）时, 疑问部分用shall we ; 表示“请示”（不包括听话人）时, 疑问部分用will you .
如：Let‟s go home ,shall we ?Let us help you ,will you ?
8. 陈述部分用neither…nor , not only…but also, 等连接主语时, 疑问部分主语应用复数。

如：Ｎeither you nor I can do it , can we ?
9. 陈述部分是并列句时, 疑问部分常对后一个句子进行反问。

如：Ｈe is a teacher and he has taught English for fifteen years , hasn‟t he ?
10. 陈述部分是复合句时, 疑问句常对主句进行反问。

如：Ｓhe didn‟t live Hangzhou when she was young ,did she ?
在反意疑问句中还要注意一些代词的用法：
能力提高
1. —Ｗasn‟t it Mr. Smith who quarreled with you just now ?
—______?
A. No, he was
B. Yes , he did
C. No , I didn‟t
D. Yes , it was
2. Listen ! His family must be quarreling ,______?
A. mustn‟t it
B. isn‟t it
C. aren‟t they
D. needn‟t they
3. Oh, Clark , ______careful , ______?
A. do is; do you
B. does do; won‟t he
C. Do be , will you
D. is; will you
4. Be tough-minded , but tender-hearted , ______?
A. will you
B. isn‟tit
C. aren‟t he
D. are you
5. What he lacks is more patience , ______?
A. isn‟t it
B. is it
C. doesn‟t he
D. does he
6. When the teacher speaks ,we have to keep quiet , _______?
A. don‟t we
B. do we
C. doesn‟t he
D. does he
7. There is no light in the dormitory . They must have gone to the lecture , ______?
A. didn‟t they
B. don‟t they
C. mustn‟t they
D. haven‟t they
8. Mrs. Black doesn‟t believe her son is able to design a digital camera , ______?
A. is he
B. i sn‟t he
C. doesn‟t he
D. does he
9. If I knew the answer ,I wouldn‟t be asking , _______?
A. didn‟t I
B. did I
C. would I
D. wouldn‟t
10. I‟m sure you …d rather she went to school by bus ,________?
A. hadn‟t you
B. wouldn‟t you
C. aren‟t I
D. didn‟t she 参考答案：1-5 DCCAA6-10 ADDB。