华南理工大学企业战略管理（双语）期末考试试题A答案《企业战略管理（双语）》A卷一、选择题（每题2分，共50分）1. In formulating a strategy, management is, in effect sayingA) "this is who we are and where we are headed.''B) "this is the strategic plan we have for making money in ourparticular line of business."C) "we intend to make these moves to outmaneuver our rivals."D) "among all the paths we could have chosen, we have decided tofocus on these markets and customer needs, compete in thisfashion, allocate our resources and energies in these ways, anduse these particular approaches to doing business."E) "this is our vision of what our business will be like in theyears to come."Answer: D Difficulty: Medium2. In a single-business company, the strategy-making hierarchy consists ofA) business strategy and functional strategies.B) business strategy, functional strategies, and operatingstrategies.C) business strategy and operating strategy.D) managerial strategy, business strategy, functional strategies,and operating strategies.E) corporate strategy, functional strategies, and operatingstrategies.Answer: B Difficulty: Medium3.SWOT analysis isA) a helpful tool for predicting whether the company's value chainis cost competitive.B) simple tool for sizing up a company's resource capabilities anddeficiencies, its market opportunities, and the externalthreats to its future well-being.C) a helpful tool for evaluating whether a company is competitivelystronger than its closest rivals.D) a helpful tool for benchmarking whether a firm's strategy isclosely matched to industry key success factors.E) a helpful tool for identifying the reasons why a company is oris not profitable.Answer: B Difficulty: Easy4. A company's actual strategy isA) mostly hidden to outside view and is known only to top-levelmanagers.B) typically planned well in advance and usually deviates littlefrom the planned set of actions and business approaches becauseof the risks of making on-the-spot changes.C) best delegated to the company's board of directors because oftheir fiduciary responsibility, their ultimate responsibilityfor the company's well-being, and their strong businessexpertise.D) partly proactive and partly reactive to changing circumstances.E) partly a function of the strategic vision, partly a functionof the target strategic and financial objectives, partly afunction of market opportunities, and partly a function of thestrategies being used by rival companies (particularly thosecompanies that are industry leaders).Answer: D Difficulty: Medium5. Factors that cause the rivalry among competing sellers to be weakincludeA) low buyer switching costs.B) rapid growth in buyer demand and high buyer costs to switchbrands.C) high costs of exiting the market as compared to the costs ofentering the market.D) a set of competitors that are quite diverse in terms of theirstrategies, objectives, and countries of origin.E) conditions where it is customary for rivals to collaborateclosely with both their suppliers and their customers.Answer: B Difficulty: Medium6.The competitive force of substitute products tends to be stronger ina given market whenA) buyers are relatively comfortable with using substitutes andthe costs to buyers of switching over to the substitutes arelow.B) buyers view substitutes as likely to be in short supply fromtime to time.C) the quality and performance of the substitutes is well abovewhat buyers need to meet their requirements.D) buyers have high psychic costs in severing existing brandrelationships and establishing new ones.E) when demand for the industry's product is not very pricesensitive.Answer: A Difficulty: Medium7. Achieving a cost advantage over rivals entailsA) concentrating on a narrow portion of the value chain andabandoning all other activities that create costs.B) being a first-mover in pursuing backward and forwardintegration and controlling as much of the value chain aspossible.C) outmanaging rivals in controlling the cost drivers and findingcreative ways to cut cost-producing activities out of the valuechain.D) being a heavy user of offensive strategies and a light user ofdefensive strategies.E) producing a standard product, redesigning the productinfrequently, and having minimal advertising.Answer: C Difficulty: Medium8. A company's strategic vision is best conceived asA) a road map of a company's future—a picture of its destinationand management's rationale for going there.B) what business the company is presently in and why it does certainthings in trying to please its customers.C) management's storyline of how it intends to make a profit withthe chosen strategy.D) "who we are and what we do."E) the general strategic outline of what the enterprise will needto do to outmaneuver rivals and achieve a competitive advantage.Answer: A Difficulty: Easy9. Business strategy concernsA) the actions and approaches crafted by management to producesuccessful performance in one specific line of business.B) what business to be in and whyC) which of several business models to use in pursuing companyobjectives.D) which of several competitive advantages to put of the company'sresources behind.E) All of these.Answer: A Difficulty: Easy10. A company attempting to be successful with a differentiation strategyhas toA) study buyer needs and behavior carefully to learn what buyersconsider important, what they think has value, and what theyare willing to pay for.B) incorporate more differentiating features into itsproduct/service than rivals.C) strive to raise buyer switching costs.D) have a well-known and respected brand name image.E) provide a top-of-the-line product to consumers.Answer: A Difficulty: Medium11. Buyer bargaining power tends to be stronger whenA) buyers are large and can demand concessions when purchasinglarge quantities.B) buyers purchase the item frequently and are well-informed aboutsellers' products, prices, and costs.C) the costs incurred by buyers in switching to competing brandsor to substitute products are relatively low.D) the products of rival sellers are weakly differentiated andbuyers have considerable discretion over whether and when theypurchase the product.E) All of the aboveAnswer: E Difficulty: Easy12. Crafting and executing strategy are top-priority managerial tasksbecauseA) every company needs to be alert to the winds of change, newopportunities, and threatening developments.B) all company personnel, and especially senior executives, needto know the answer to "who are we and where are we headed?"C) there is a compelling need for managers to proactively shapehow the company's business will be conducted and because astrategy-focused organization is more likely to be a strongerbottom-line performer than an organization that views the tasksof managing strategy as secondary.D) without clear guidance as to what the company's business modeland strategic intent are, managerial decision-making is likelyto be rudderless.E) they help communicate to shareholders and the entire investmentcommunity "what it is we are trying to do and to achieve."Answer: C Difficulty: Easy13.The best strategic alliancesA) are highly selective, focusing on particular value chainactivities and on obtaining a particular competitive benefit.B) are those whose objective is to speed next-generation productsto market more quickly.C) aim at achieving greater supply chain efficiency.D) strive to reduce the number of industry key success factors.E) aim at raising the barriers to entry and insulating the partnersagainst the impacts of the five competitive forces.Answer: A Difficulty: Medium14. Which one of the following is not part of a company'smacroenvironment?A) Conditions in the economy at largeB) Population demographics and societal values and lifestylesC) Technological factors and governmental regulations andlegislationD) Factors relating to competitive rivalry, a company's suppliersand customers, and competition from substitute productsE) A company's resource strengths and weaknesses, competencies,and competitive capabilitiesAnswer: E Difficulty: Easy15. The competitive approach of a firm pursuing a global strategyA) entails little or no strategy coordination across countries.B) usually involves cross-subsidizing the prices in those marketswhere there are significant country-to-country differences inthe product attributes that customers are most interested in.C) is essentially the same in all country markets where it competesbut it may nonetheless allow for minor country-by-countryvariations where necessary to satisfy buyers.D) involves selling direct to buyers (usually via the company'sown sales force) to avoid having to establish networks ofwholesale/retail dealers in each country market.E) involves having a wide and diverse lineup of products (modelsand styles), with the basic product attributes varyingaccording to buyer preferences in each country market.Answer: C Difficulty: Easy16. The tests for evaluating the merits of one strategy over another andgauging how good a strategy is include:A) the strategic fit test, the social responsibility test, and theprofitability test.B) the integrated business model test, the competitive strengthtest, and the profitability testC) the goodness of fit test, the competitive advantage test, andthe performance test.D) the social responsibility test, the strategic intent test, andthe competitive strength test.E) the opportunity-threat test, the ethical standards test, andthe best strategy test.Answer: C Difficulty: Medium17. The difference between a company's mission statement and the conceptof a strategic vision is thatA) the mission explains why it is essential to make a profit,whereas the strategic vision addresses what businesses to bein to try to make a profit.B) a mission statement typically concerns " what we do, why we arehere, and where are we now" whereas the focus of a strategicvision is "where we are going and why."C) a mission deals with what to accomplish in terms of financialperformance whereas a strategic vision concerns what toaccomplish in terms of strategic performance.D) a mission statement deals with "where we are headed " whereasa strategic vision provides the critical answer to "how willwe get there?"E) a mission is about what a company is already doing and a visionconcerns what a company ought to do.Answer: B Difficulty: Medium18.The competitive threat that outsiders will enter a market is strongerwhenA) the products of rival firms are weakly differentiated, buyershave no strong preferences for the brands of existing producers,and buyers exhibit low brand loyalties.B) incumbents are unable or unwilling to fight vigorously toprevent a newcomer from gaining a market foothold.C) a newcomer can expect to earn attractive profits.D) there are interested entry candidates with sufficient expertiseand resources to hurdle prevailing entry barriers.E) All of these.Answer: E Difficulty: Easy19. A company's strategy evolves over time as a consequence ofA) the need to keep strategy matched to changing market conditionsand changing customer needs and expectations.B) the proactive efforts of company managers to fine-tune andimprove one or more pieces of the strategy.C) new managerial priorities and changing managerial judgmentsabout what the best future course for the company is.D) the need to respond to the actions and competitive moves of rivalfirms.E) All of these.Answer: E Difficulty: Easy20. A company strength can relate toA) a skill or important expertise.B) its human assets and intellectual capital.C) an achievement or attribute that puts the company in a positionof market advantage.D) organization assets such as proprietary technology, patents,quality control systems, a strong balance sheet,itspartnerships or alliances with other organizations havingexpertise or capabilities that enhance its own competitiveness.E) All of these.Answer: E Difficulty: Easy21. The chief role of functional strategies is toA) integrate the various operating-level strategies across thewhole company into a unified whole.B) define the mission and strategic intent of each functional area.C) help specify the needed kinds of distinctive competencies andresource strengths.D) add relevant detail to the hows of the overall business strategyand competitive approach and provide a game plan for managinga particular activity in ways that support the overall business.E) create compatible degrees of strategic intent among a company'sbusiness functions.Answer: D Difficulty: Easy22. Whether supplier-seller relationships in an industry represent astrong or weak source of competitive pressure is a function ofA) whether the profits of suppliers are relatively high or low.B) the number of suppliers and the number of sellers.C) how aggressively rival sellers are maneuvering to formstrategic alliances with each of the industry's majorsuppliers.D) whether suppliers can exercise sufficient bargaining power toinfluence the terms and conditions of supply in their favor andthe extent of seller-supplier collaboration in the industry.E) whether the prices of the items being furnished by the suppliersare rising or falling.Answer: D Difficulty: Medium23.A company's value chain consistsA) the steps it goes through to convert its net income into valuefor shareholders.B) the primary activities it performs in creating value for itscustomers and the related support activities.C) the series of steps it takes to get a product from the rawmaterials stage into the hands of end-users.D) the activities it performs in transforming its competenciesinto distinctive competencies.E) the company's efforts and actions to build sustainablecompetitive advantage.Answer: B Difficulty: Medium24.Generally, internal entry into a new business is more attractive thanacquiring an existing firm in the targeted industry whenA) the costs associated with internal startup are less than thecosts of buying an existing company and there is ample time tolaunch the new business from the ground up.B) there will be positive effects on the entrant's other existingbusinesses.C) the target industry is young, fragmented, and growing rapidly.D) all of the potential acquisition candidates are losing money.E) the target industry is comprised of several relatively largeand well-established firms.Answer: A Difficulty: Medium25. Strategy-making isA) primarily an individual responsibility rather than a grouptask.B) more of a collaborative group effort (that involves, to somedegree, all managers and sometimes key employees) as opposedto being a function of a few high-level executives.C) first and foremost the function of a company's strategicplanning staff.D) first and foremost the function and responsibility of acompany's board of directors.E) first and foremost the function and responsibility of acompany's chief executive officer.Answer: B Difficulty: Medium二、简答题（每题8分，共40分）1. Draw and briefly describe the five forces model of competition.参考答案：（1）潜在进入者的威胁；（2）供应商讨价还价的权力；（3）顾客讨价还价的权力；（4）替代产品的威胁；（5）行业内部竞争的特点。
